Ảnh hưởng của các trạng thái tâm lý đến hiệu suất thi đấu của vận động viên bắn súng đội tuyển trẻ quốc gia trường đại học thể dục thể thao bắc ninh

BAI BAO KHOA HOC

ANH HlfdNG CUA CAC TRANG T H A I TAM LY
flEN HIEU SUAT THI DAU CUA V A N DONG VIEN RAN SUNG
Dpi TUYEN TREQUOC GIA TRIIKNG DAI HOC THE DUG THE THAO RAC NINH
Pham Chi Kien*
Tom tat:
^
Bang cac phu-ong phap khoa hpc, de tai xac djnh anh hudng cua cac trang thai tam ly den hieu
suat thi d§u cua VDV ban sung Dpi tuyin tre qudc gia. Kit qua cho thiy, VDV co trang thai san
sang dat hieu suit thi dlu cao nhlt (93,66%), trgng thai thd o- (91,83%), trgng thai khong phan biet
(87,33%) va trang thai sdt xult phat co hi#u suit thIp nhlt (86,16%). Day la ca sd quan trpng cho
viec de xult cac bien phap dieu chinh nhung trang thai tam ly bit Ip-i cho thi d l u cua VDV, gop
phin nang cao chit lup-ng va hieu qua huin (uyen..
TCP khoa: Trang thai tam ly, hieu suit thi dlu, ban sung the thac.
The psychological impacts on shooters' productivity in competition,
national youth team, Bac Ninh Sports University
Summary:
Using scientific methods, this research identifies the psychological impacts on shooters'
productivity in competition, national youth team, Bac Ninh Sports University. The result indicates
that ready shooters have the highest productivity (93,66%), ignoring state (91,83%), no difference
state (87,33%) and overstarting state has the lowest productivity (86,16%). This is an important
foundation for proposing solutions that help adapt disadvantageous psychological states of athletes,
contributing to enhancing productivity and training result.
Keywords: Psychological state, productivity in competition, shooters
^

UAT VAN UE
P H M G P H A P NGHIEN CUfU
Trang thai tam ly trudc thi dau la su bieu hien
Qua trinh nghien ciiu sir dung nhiing phuang

tam ly ciia VDV trudc khi budc vao thi d4u. phap sau: Phan tich va tdng hpp tai lieu; Quan
Trang thai tam ly trudc thi dau duoc bieu hien d sat su pham; Kiem tra y hpc (xac dinh tin sd
nhiing dang co ban nhu: Trang thai san sang thi mach, tan sd hd hap, huyet ap, cam giac lire co);
dau, h-ang thai thd o, trang thai sit xuat phat va Phuang phap trac nghiem tam ly (CAH test, dp
ti-ang thai khdng phan biet... [2],[3]. Trong dd, run tay, 40 diera theo vong trdn); Phuong phap
h-ang thai san sang thi dku la trang thai cd loi toan hoc thdng ke.
nhat trong thi dku gianh thanh tich tdt, cac ttang
Ddi tupng khao sat gdm 14 VDV Dpi tuyen
thai khac deu cd anh hudng hkt loi tdi hieu sukt tre qudc gia liia tudi tir 16 din 21 tudi (8 nam, 6
thi dau cua VBV d cac miic khac nhau.
nii), trong do cd 7 VDV dang cip I, 1 ding cip
Vi vay, danh gia thuc trang cac trang thai Du bi kien tudng va 6 VDV dang cap Kien
trudc trhi dku va su anh hudng cua cac trang thai tudng qudc gia.
thi dau din hieu xudt thi dku cua VDV la viec
Hieu xuat thi dau cua VDV ban siing dupe
lam cd tinh cip thiit va cd y nghia thuc tiln cao tinh bang ty le % tdng diem dat dupe d timg ndi
trong hukn luyen VDV Kit qua nghien cuu la dung so vdi sd diim tdi da. Sd diem tdi da d
CO sd di xuit bien phap diiu chinh tam ly cho timg npi dung duac xac dinh nhu sau: Ban nam
VDV trong thuc tien huin luyen [4],[5].
60 vien 50m: 600 diim; BSn 3 tu thi 3 x 40
vien: 1200 diim; Ban siing trudng hoi 60 vien
*ThS, Trudng Dai hoc TDTT Bac Ninh; Email:


eAriAOVAKUAnmiYBUTHEtHAO

10m: 600 diim; Bin sung ngin 60 vien 50m:
600 diim; Bin siing ngin 25m: 600 diim; Bin
Sling ngin hoi 60 vien 10m: 600 diim.
KET QUA NGHIEN CUfU VA BAN LUAN

Vdi muc dich xac dinh anh hudng cua trang
thai tam ly sdt xuit phat tdi thanh tich thi diu
ciia VBV bin sung tre Qudc gia tai Trung tam
Dao tao VDV Trudng Dai hpc TDTT Bic Ninh,
de tai tien hanh xac dinh thuc trang cac trang
thai tam ly trudc thi dau tai giai Vd dich ban
siing tre qudc gia nam 2017 (dien ra tir ngay
03/8 din ngay 08/8/2017 tai Trung tam Huin
luyen The thao qudc gia Ha Ndi).
Bang cac phuong phap kiem tra y hpc va trac
nghiem tam ly, de tai da xae dinh dupe thuc
trang cac trang thai tam ly trudc thi dau ciia

Sd'5/2018

VDV ban siing dpi tuyen fre qudc gia, cu the: 0
ndi dung siing trudng cd 1 VDV d trang thai sin
sang, 5 VDV d trang thai sdt xuit phat, 2 VDV
^ trang thai thd o; p ndi dung siing ngin c6 2
" ^ V o trang thai sin sang, 3 VDV d trang thai
sdt xuat phat, 1 VDV d teang thai khdng phan
biet [1]. Ket qua nghien cim da cho thiy ty le
VDV Bin sung tre cd trang thai sdt xuit phat rit
cao, chiem tdi gan 58% tdng sd VDV. Tren co
sd dd, de tai tiep tuc xac dinh thanh tich thi dau,
Cling nhu hieu suat thi dau ciia VDV d cac ndi
dung: Ban nam 60 vien 50m, Ban 3 tu the (3 x
40 vien). Ban siing trudng hoi 60 vien 10m, Bin
Sling ngan 60 vien 50m, Ban siing ngan 25m,
Ban Sling ngan hai 60 vien 10m. Kit qua thu

dupe nhu trinh bay tir bang 1 den bang 3.

Bang 1. Thanh tich thi dau cua VDV Ban sung tuyen tre Quoc gia Trung tam Dao tao VDV
Trirdng Oai hoc TDTT Bac Ninh npi dung sting tru'O'ng (n=8)

Cac trang thai thi
dau

mi

San sang
Sot xuat phat
Tha a
Khong phan biet

1
5
2
0

Ban nam 60 vi^n
50m (diim)
X
±8
0
97
1.58
92
0.7
93.5

0
0

Noi dung
Ban 3 tu- the 3 X 40 Ban Sling tru-tmg h d 60
vien 10m (diem)
vien (diem)
±5
±8
X
X
0
0
93
96
2.28
1.92
82.2
90.8
1.41
1.41
88
94
0
0
0
0

Bang 2. Thanh tich thi dau cua VDV Ban siing tuyen tre Quoc gia Trung tamDao tao VDV
Tru-dng Dai hpc TDTT Bac Ninh noi dung siing ngan (n=6)

Cac trang thai
thi dau

Ban Sling ngan 60 vien
mi
50m (diem)
±5
X
2
San sang
89.5
2.12
Sot xuat phat
2.51
80.33
3
Thdo
0
0
0
Khong phan biet 1
83
0
Ket qua a bang 1 va 2 cho thay, thanh tich thi
diu cua VDV ban sung tre Quoc gia Trung tam
Dao tao VDV Trucmg Dai hpc TDTT BSc Ninh
noi dung siing trucmg va siing ngSn d8u the hien:
Cac VDV CO trang thai sin sang thi diu dat
thanh tich thi diu t6t nhit (89,5-97,0 dilm), ki

din la trang thai tho o (88,0 - 94,0 didm), trang
thai khong phan biet (83,0 - 90,0 dilm) va thanh
tich thi diu thap nhat la trang thai sot xuit phat

Noi dung
Ban Sling ngan 25m
(diem)
X

93.5
85
0
90

±5
4.94
3
0
0

Ban siing ngan h d 60
vien 10m (diim)
X

93
86.66
0
89

±8

2.82
2.51
0
0

(80,33 den 92.0).
Qua ket qua a bang 3 cho thay, trong so 4
trang thai thi dau thi trang thai san sang dat hieu
suat thi dau tot nhat (chiem 93,66%) va trang
thai sot xuat phat co hieu suat thi dau trung binh
thap nhat (chiem 86,16%), ke den la trang khong
phan biet - 87,33% va trang thai tho a - 91,83
%. Dieu nay cho thay, trang thai sot xuat phat
anh hucmg tieu cue Icjn den thanh tich thi dau


BAI BAO KHOA HOC

^^^

Ban Sling la mon the
thao chju dnh hudng rat
nhieu boi trang thai tam
ly tru'O'c thi dau
Bang 3. Anh hu'ong ciia trang thai tam ly sot xuat phat doi vol hieu suat thi dau
cua VDV Ban siing tuyen tre Quoc gia Trung tam Dao tao VDV
Trying Dai hoc TDTT Bac Ninh (n=14)
Hi€u suat thi dau (%)
Cac trang thai thi
n

dau

San sang
Sot xuat phat
Thoa
Khong phan biet

3
8
2
1

Hi^u
Bin Ban Sling
Ban sung
suat
Ban sung
Ban nam Ban 3 t u
trucmg
Sling ngan hoi
trung
ng^n 60
60 vi^n t h l 3 x
ho160
ngan
60 vi§n
binh
40 vien
vien 50m
50m

vien 10m
25m
10m
(diem)
(diem)
(%)
(diem)
(diim)
(diim)
(diim)
97
92
93.5

93
82.2
88

96
90.8
94

89.5
80.33

-

-

-

83

Ciia cac VDV Ban sung tre Quoc gia Trung tam
Dao tao VDV Trucmg Dai hpc TDTT BSc Ninh,
hon the, ty le VDV co trang thai nay lai cao nh4t
(=K58%). Chinh vi vay, thuc tien da dat ra cho
Ban huan luyen can nhanh chong ung dung
nhimg bien phap dieu chinh cac trang thai thi
dau bat loi, dac biet la trang thai sit xuit phat
cho VDV de nang cao chat luong va hieu qua
huan luyen.

-

93.5
85

-

90

93
86.66

-

89

93.66

86.16
91.83
87.33

TAI LIEU THAM KHAU

1. Pham Chi Kien (2018), "Xac dinh cac
trang thai tam ly truac thi diu cua VDV Ban
sting dpi tuyen tre quoc gia", Tap chi Khoa hpc
Hudn luyen vd Ddo tao, Truong Dai hpc TDTT
Bic Ninh, >f!> 3 t 7-10.
2. Nguyen Toan (2002), Cam nang tu vdn
tdm ly thi thao, Nxb TDTT, Ha Npi.
3. Pham Ngpc Vien, Le Van Xem, Nguyen Thi
KET LUAN
Nit (1991), Tdm ly hpc TDTT, Nxb TDTT Ha Npi.
Qua trinh nghien ciiu da xac dinh dugc anh
4. Le Van Xem (2004), Gido trinh tdm ly hpc
hucmg cua cac trang thai tam ly din hieu suit TDTT, Nxb Giao due. Ha Npi.
thi dau ciia VDV Ban siing Doi tuyin tre qu6c
5. B.Jl. MapumyK, lO.M. Bjiyfloe, B.A.
gia, cu the: VDV co trang thai sin sang dat hieu njiaxTHCHKO, JI.K. CepoBa. Mero^tHKH ncnxosuit thi dau cao nhit - 93,66, trang thai tho a - AHarnocTHKH B cnopxe : [VneS. noco6He no
91,83%, h-ang thiii khong phan biet - 87,33% va
cneuKypcy jtJis nejt. HH-TOB no cneu. H 2 1 1 4
ttang thai s6t xuit phat - 86,16%.
"<I>H3. BocnmaHHe"]. - M.: TIpocBeraeHHe,
1984.— 191 c, Hji.
(Bai nop ngay 15/8/2018, Phan bl$n ngay 21/9/2018, duyet In ngSy 25/10/2018)