Đánh giá sự hài lòng của nông hộ sản xuất lúa trong cánh đồng liên kết tại huyện trà ôn, tỉnh vĩnh long

TapchiKhoa hoc Ci-z-

g nghiip Viit Nam -$65(1141/2020

DANH GIA SV HAI LONG CUA NONG HO SAN XUAT LUA
TRONG C A N H DONG LIEN KET TAI H U Y £ N T R A ON, TINH ViNH LONG
Tran Thanh Thiiy' va Huynh Quang Tin'
TAT
Ndng hp tham gia sin xuat lfla vdi "Cdnh ddng lien ket (CDLK)" d huyen Tra On, Vinh Long cd xu hfldng giim
tfl nam 2018. De tim hi^u thflc trang sdn xuat vd mflc dp hai long eua ngfldi din, 145 hp trong vi ngodi CDLK da
dflpc phdng van. So li^u dflpc thdng ke, kiem djnh T nhdm so sdnh hieu qud tii chinh gifla hai nhdm hp, ap dung
thang do SERVPERF vi phdn tich hdi qui da bien vdi mue tieu danh gia mflc dp va yeu td inh hfldng sfl hii ldng.
K^t qui cho thay, nhdm hp trong CDLK dat nang suit vd lpi nhuan cao hpn (7,6% vi 31,4%) so vdi hp ngoii. Nong
ho khi hii long khi tham gia CDLK qua thang do bien Lpi ich (> 4,2). Nhan td inh hfldng sp hii ldng Id Kinh te
(p = 0,528), Khoa hpc ky thudt {p - 0,373), Lpi ich ci nhdn vi xi hpi (p = 0,156) vd Chinh sach nhd nfldc (p = 0,105)
lie dpng thap nhat den sfl hdi ldng eua ndng hd. Dieu chinh chinh sdch bo trp phii hpp cua dja phflong se Ihu hut
nong ddn tham gia CDLK trong tfltfng lai.
TOM

Tfl khda: Cdnh dong lien ket, ndng bp, sfl hdi long, Trd Cfn
I. DAT VAN DE
Tri On li mpt trong cdc huyen dflpc Lanh dao
tinh Vinh Long chpn va flu tien phit trien md hinh
cdnh dong Idn tfl nam 2011, vdi dien tich 676,6 ha
(chiem 6,1% dien tich canh dong ldn cua tinh);
Trong giai doan 2011 - 2017, luy ke dien tich qua cac
nam dat 3.070 ha (huyen dau tfl 1.335 ha, tinh dau tfl
1.735 ha) vd dflpc thflc hi^n d sau xi {Hod Binh, Hflu
Thinh, Tan My, Thien My, Tri Cdn, Vinh Xuan), vdi
khoang 1.600 hp din tham gia. Ddnh gid bfldc dau,
lpi nhudn ting (tfl 20 - 30%), khuyen ndng hfldng

dan ky thudt, ndng hp dflpc cdc doanh nghiep hd trp
vat tfl vd lien ket bao tieu dau ra (UBND huyen Trd
On, 2018). Tuy nhien, den nam 2018 vd 2019, chi cdn
d ba xd (Tan My, Thien My, Xuan Hiep) duy tri san
xuat theo canh ddng lien ket, dien tich gidm tfl 889ha
edn 610ha vi 632 hp cdn 420 hd tham gia khi tinh,
huyen ngUng dau tfl (UBND cdc xa, 2018 - 2019).
Qua dd, viec hpp tdc, lien ket sdn xual lua chfla lao
niem tin vdi ndng hd khi tham gia md hinh lien ket,
dieu dd da phin inh tinh khd thi cua md hinh khi
thieu ving sfl dau tfl cua nhd nfldc. Xuat phdt tfl thflc
te neu tren, "Ddnh gia sfl hdi long cua ndng hd sin
xudt lua trong canh ddng lien ket tai huyen Trd On,
tinh \Tnh Long" dflpc thflc hien nham tim hieu ve
hieu qua san xuat va sfl hdi ldng cda ndng hd tham
gia cdnh ddng Hen ket de giup dinh hfldng cflng cd
vd phat trien md hinh "Canh ddng hen ket" tren dia
bdn huyen Trd On trong tfltfng lai.
II. DOI Tl/ONG VA PHl/CfNG P H A P NGHIEN CtJtJ
2.1. Ddi tupng nghien cdu
Nhdm ndng dan dang san xuat lua trong cinh

ddng lien ket dflpc phdng van ve sfl hdi ldng khi tham
gia cfla hp. Ben canh dd, cung so sinh hien trang san
xual Ifla cfla nhdm ndng ddn trong vd ngoii lien ket.
Nghien cdu thdng qua phieu phdng van cau true
(Structured Interviews - SI) dflpc thflc bi?n khi
phdng van 105 ndng ddn trong md hinh cdnh ddng
lien ket vi 30 ndng dan ngodi md hinh.
2.2. PhUdng phap nghien cdu

Nghien cflu da khao sit 135 hd - chpn theo phi
sac xuat (Vd Thi Thanh Lpc va Huynh Hflu Thp,
2016) gdm 105 hd tham gia canh ddng lien ket va
30 hd ngoai lien ket, tai ba xa Tan My, Thien My va
Xuin Hiep. So lieu phdng van dUtfc phdn tich thong
ke md td vi kiem dinh T-Test de so sinh chi phi
va thu nhip tfl sin xuat lfla cua nhflng hp trong va
ngoii cdnh ddng lien kel.
Ap dung thang do SERVPERF, trong dd thang do
SEVQUAL vd SERVPERF (Parasuraman et ai, 1988)
eho chat Iflpng dich vu hoat dpng mo hinh lien ket
vd sfl hdi ldng cua ndng hd. Trong mdt nghien cdu
de dinh gia sU hai long cfla ndng dan ve chit Iflpng
cua ldp tap huan (FFS) tai tinh Hau Giang (2013),
tdc gid Pham Ngpc Nhdn cflng da dp dung thang do
SERVPERF. Cac thanh phan chat Iflpng boat ddng
cua CDLK tren nen tdng: Phfltfng tien hflu hinh
(TAN). Tin ciy (REL), Dip flng (RES), Dam bao
(ASS), Cam thdng (EMP) li tien td eua sfl hii Idng,
xiy dflng nen thang do. Ben canh dd, nghien cflu
cdn dfla tren cd sd ly thuyet cua Trfldng Vin Tuyen
(2007) ve mflc dp tham gia, nghien cflu rflt ra thang
do sfl tham gia phu hpp vdi muc tieu dinh gii thflc
trang sfl hdi long cua ndng hd. Thdng qua phUdng

' He thdng Ndng nghiep - Khda 25, Vien Nghien cflu Phdt trien Dong bing song Cflu Long
• Vi?n Nghien cflu Phit trien Ddng bang sdng Cflu Long, Trfldng Dai hpc Can Tho


- ; - KhochocC3-'g'-'g''c '.^"^ •'g' er • e'\am-S6 5;i t4i/:

phap thio luan nhdm, td dd cd nhdng dieu chinh
va xiy dUng thang do chinh thflc bing phflpng phip
h^ sd tin ciy Cronbach's alpha va phan tich nhin td
khdm phd EFA de loai cac bien khdng dat yeu cau.

Mv. Thi?n My vi Xuin Hi?p, huy^n T"
Mnh Long.

Phin tich hdi quy da bien (Multiple Regression
.Analysis - MR--\) de xac dmh cac yeu td dnh hUdng
den sfl hii ldng cua ndng hd (Hoing Trong vd Chu
Nguyen Mdng Ngpc, 2005), gdm 21 bien. Ddng thdi
nghien cdu da sd dung thang do Likert vdi 5 mdc
dd (1. Hodn toan khdng ddng y; 2 Khdng ddng y,
3. Tam ddng \, 4 Ddng y. 5. Hoan toin dong y) de
do Ifldng cic yeu to cua bien dpc lip vi 5 mflc dp
(I. Rat khdng hii long; 2. Khdng hii ldng; 3. Binh
thfldng; 4. Hii long; 5. Rat hii ldng) de do Ifldng sfl
hii Idng cfla ndng hp (bien phu thupc).

3.1. Hientrangsanxuatluatrongc.il
hing bin
ket tai huy^n Tra On, tinh Vinh Lon,L
Qua khio sdt 105 bp ndng bp tham gi.i eanh ddng
lien ket cho thay, ndng bp san xuat lu. da -'P ^'^"8
qui trinh ky thuat 1P5G chi chiem 43.S"o. tuy da
dupc tap huan tren 90% so hp. Ben canh do, hdn
70% sd hd trong CDLK dupc cdc doanh nghiep cung
dng vat tfl ndng nghiep dau vdo nhfl gidng, phdn vd
thuoc trfl sau - benh. Ngodi ra, viee lien ket dau ra

vdi ndng hd van cdn tinh trang "vd keo" du tham gia
cdnh ddng lien ket vdi ty le 19% do ndng hd dp dpng
chfla dung quy trinh ky thuit, chat Ifltfng san pham
chfla dat vd mdt so hd tfl ban cho thfldng liy mua
lfla gid eao hdn hpp ddng Hen ket sdn xuat (Bang 1).

2.3. Thdi gian vi dia diem nghien cflu
Nghien cflu dflpc thflc hi^n tfl thing 9 nam
2019 den thdng 4 nim 2020 lai dja bin ba xi Tin

'"• '" ^

HI. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN

Bang 1. Hien trang san xuat cua ndng hd trong cinh dong hen ket lai huyen Tri On
Chi tieu
Ap dyng ky thuit 1P5G
Nguon goc gidng
Hd trp vit tu NN
Hpp dong thu mua lua
Dflpc tap huan ky thuit

Hinh thflc

46

Khac (IM gifl gidng, mua ngodi)
Co hpp ddng
Mua D?i ly ben ngoai
BI vd hpp ddng bao tieu

Ban trong hpp ddng bao tieu
Tham dfl day du
Chfla tham gia tip huan

3.2. Hieu qua san xuat Ida cua ndng hd trong va
ngoai cinh dong Hen ket (CDLK)
Ket qui kiem dinh T-tesi (Bing 2) cho thiy tong
chi phi dau cua hp trong md hinh thap hpn rit y
nghia (9,5«o) so vPi hp ngoii CDLK, ngoai Irfl chi
phi Ifla gidng cua hd trong CDLK sfl dung hat gidng
chat Ifltfng tdt (OM5451) do doanh nghiep vd cac
dtfn Vl ehinh thdng cung cdp, trong khi cic hd ngodi
CDLK sfl dung hat gidng ndng hd chat Iflong thdp
(1R50404, ML202). Vi vdy gid ban lua trong CDLK
dflpc doanh nghiep thu mua eao hon ben ngoai (cao
htfn 58" ddng/kg). Nhm ehung. nhdm hd trong
CDLK cd cac ebi phi ddu vao thdp do dp dung quy
trinh ky thuit ddng bd nen gidm dUtfc chi phi phin.
thudc BVT\'. 1dm dat, thu hoach dan den giim gii
thanh san xuat.
90

Tong so

Ap dung tot
Apdung chfla tot
Co hpp ddng

Ty le p h a n
43,8

59

56,2

45

42,9

60

57,1

74

70,5

31

29,5

20

19,0

85

81,0

96

91,4

09

08,6

Ben eanh dd, nhdm hd trong CDLK cd nang suat
binh quin cao htfn 7,6%, gia bdn cao hdn, tdng chi
phi san xuat thap htfn 9,5% vd dat itfi nhuan cao htfn
31,4%, hieu qua dong vdn cao htfn 0,35 lan so vdi hd
ngoii CDLK. Sfl lien ket trong sin xuat lfla -^a mang
lai hieu qua kinh te cao cho ndng hp uong md hinh
tai dia bdn nghien cflu, Nghien cflu cuo Nguyen Thi
Bich Ngpc (2019) cung chi ra rang no: . ho san xuat
irong mo hinh hen ket thfldng ddng nhal ve chi phi
dau vdo, ha gid thanh san xuat so vdi ngoai md hinh
nen
vad hi/.„
,. thu„ dflpe loi
" nhudn cao htfn 5,7",
nitu qua
nong von cao htfn 0,16 lan so vdi nlvui, 1,/, „ ,.
lien ket.


TapchiKhoa npcCc'^grg'-'e \6ng nghiep Viet Ngr- Bing 2. Kiem dinh cic loai chi phi - hieu qud tii chinh sin xuat lua
ciia ndng hd trong - ngodi cinh ddng lien kel
Trong
lien ket

Ngoai
lien ket

Chi phi giong (dong/ha)

2.091.389

1.760.944

4,840

-1-15,8

0,00

Chi phi l i m dat (dong/ha)

1.517.778

1.877.333

-12,143

-19,2

0,00

Chi phi phan bon (dong/ha)

6.280.926

7.022.117

-2,017

-10,6

0,04

Chi phi BVTV (d5ng/ha)

3.214.905

3.369.111

-0,851

-4,6

0,03

Chi phi thu hoach (d6ng/ha)

2.340.000

2.671.111

-9,909

-12,4

0,00

Chi tieu

Chi phi tu6i tieu (dong/ha)

Gia trit

Tang/ giam

(%)

Sig.

250.129

236.889

0,139

t5,3

0,89

Tong chi (dong/ha)

15.695.126

17.333.597

-1,101

-9,5

0,02

Nang suiit (tan/ha)

6,250

5,810

3,505

+ 7,6

0,01

Gia ban (dong/kg)

5.469

4.882

6,171

-H0,7

0,00

Doanh thu (dong/ha)

34.321.444

29.375.667

6,712

-fl4,4

0,00

L(?i nhuan (dong/ha)

16 534.929

11.351.126

9,906

-•31,4

0,00

1,07

0,72

6.670

-•32,7

0,00

Ty suit li^i nhuan (lan)

3.3. Danh gia sU hai Idng cua ndng hd san xuat lua
trong CDLK tai huyen Tra On, tinh Vinh Long

huyen Trd On Id khi tdt. Ndng hp hai long the hi?n
qua ket qud tflng thdnh phan cfla thang do (Bing 3),
thang do sfl hii ldng chung vdi trung binh > 3.

Phan tich thdng ke cic thang do: Sfl hdi long cfla
ndng hp sin xuat lfla trong cinh ddng lien ket tai

Bang 3. Mflc do hai long cfla ndng hd trong mo hinh qua cac thang do
Thang d o

Bien
quan sat

Mile d p
hai 16ng chung

Khoa hpc ky thuat

NanglUc

ban quan ly

Hieu qua kinh te

Chinh sach
Nha NUdc

Tac dpng
moi trudng

Lpi ich ca nhan
va .Kj hpi

'

N

Toi
thieu

Toi da

Trung
binh

Dp Uch
chuan

MDHLCl

105

2

5

3,88

0,793

MDHLC2

105

2

3,89

0,788

MDHLC3

105

2

4,10

0,831

KHKTl

105

1

2,70

0,761

KHKT2

105

1

2,71

0,675

KHKT3

105

2

2,98

0,635

BQLl

105

1

3,59

1,035

BQL2

105

1

3,38

1.095

BQL3

105

1

3,10

1,143

KTl

105

3

4,41

0.583

KT2

105

2

3,79

0,768

KT3

105

2

4,01

0,860

CSNNl

105

1

3,51

1,367

CSNN2

105

1

3,-=,4

1,217

CSNN3

105

1

2,65

1,225

MTl

105

1

2,43

1,322

MT2

105

1

3,16

0,932

MT3

105

1

2,59

1,098

LOIICHl

105

2

4,34

0,648

L01CH2

105

2

4,31

0,655

L0ICH3

105

2

4,30

0,759

Trung binh
thang do

3.96

2.80

3.36

4.07

3.23

2.73

4.23


- \6--grgrepV:irNam-S65(:

'^i 2CJ0

Danh gia thang do bang he sd Cronbach's Alpha
tat ca eae thang do deu cd h? sd ldn hdn 0,6 trd
thang do chi tieu Mdi trfldng (0,415) vi viy chi
tieu Mdi trudng bi loai trfldc khi dfla vio phan tich
EFA vd phin tich EFA cho cic bien cda nhin to dpc
ldp, cic chi so deu dat yeu cau, vdi KMO = 0,720;
Sig. = 0,000; Tdng phUdng sai trich =- 71,402% > 50%,
gia tri tdng phflpng sai trich cho biet cac bien dfla vao

md hinh cd khi nang giii thich chinh xic 71,402%
mdi quan h? cua cac nhin to dnh hfldng den bien ket
qua li sfl hii ldng. Cuoi cflng 4 thang do vdi 12 bien
dpc ldp dflpc xic djnh:
Nhin td "Lpi ich cic nhin vd xa hpi" vdi cac bien
(LOIICHl; L0IICH2).

Nhan td "Kinh t r voi cac bien (KT
Nhin to "Chinh sich nhd nfltfc
(CSNN2; CSNNl; CSNN3).
hi
Nhin Id "Khoa hpc kv thudt" ^
(KHKT2; KHKTl; KHKT3);
; bien
Nhan td "Hoat dpng Ban qudn ly"
{BQL3; BQL2).
Ket qua phan tich khim phi (EFA) eho cac bien
cda nhan td php thupc Id rat tdt vdi KMO = 0,673;
Sig. = 0,000; Tri so phUPng sai trich li 90,509%
>50%. Dieu niy cd nghia Id 90,509% thay doi cua
cac nhin td dUpc giai thich bdi cdc bien quan sat
(Bang 4). Nhdn to "Sfl hii ldng" gdm cac bien
(MDHLCH1;MDHLCH2;MDHLCH3).

Bing 4. Phin tich kham phi (EFA) cho cic bien cua cic nhdn td ddc ldp
Bien
quan sit

Di^n giii

LOIICHl

Ting thu nhdp. Id' nhuin cho gia dinh
Co hpi tiep xiie, hpc hdi, md rpng kien thflc, tbiet ldp
dflpc nhieu mdi quan he hon trong sdn xuat va kinh doanh

0.905

KT3

Cam ket bao lieu sdn pham

0,782

KT2

Gid bdn cao htfn gii lua ngoai md hinh vi on dinh

0,643

CSNN2

Dflpc flu dai von vay. \6n tin dyng

0.927

CSNNl

Dflpc nganh ndng nghi?p quan tamfludai

0,864

CSNN3

Dupc ho trp tip huan, giong, djch vu BVT\'

0,834

KHKT2

Dflpc flng dyng lien bpKH-KT

0,801

KHKTl

Dflpc tao dieu kien hpc tip, liep nhin thong tin mdi, cap
nhdt tien bpKH-KT

0,791

L01CH2

KHKT3
BQL3
BQL2

Dflpc tham gia tip huan, chuyen giao KHKT mdi
Cdng lac td ehflc SX dieu hanh irong BQL tdt: cdc hoat
dpng cua BQL, THT, HTX dflpe cdng khai, rd rang, cd ke

ho^ch sin xudt, kinh doanh, giam sit cu the

0,890

0,739

Ban qudn ly eo nang lUc, trich nhiem. uy lin

Ket qud Phan lich hdi qui (Bdng 5) cho thdv gia
tri Sig. < 0.05 Id cd y nghia cua cic nhin td ddc lap
"Chinh sach nhi nfldc"; "Kinh te', "Khoa hpc kv
thuit"; "Lpi leh" Rieng nhdn td "Ban quan ly" cd gid
tri Sig - 0,128 > 0,05 nen nhin to nay se bi loai vi
khdng ed y nghia trong md hinh. ThUc te, Ban Quin
lv cac cdnh dong lien kel chu yeu Id thdnh vien Td
hpp tic/Hdp tdc xa vd sU tham gia cua to chflc Hpi
ndng dan di the hien nang Iflc, trdch nhiem, uy tin
vi dupc giam sat - cdng khai minh bach trong khiu
id chdc, vi vdy nhan td Ban Quin ly da khdng anh

hfldng den mflc do hdi ldng eua nong dan trong
canh dong lien ket.
^ Md^hinh hdi quy chuan hda the h,en moi quan
he tuyen tinh gifla 4 nhdn td dpc lap \A "Chinh sach
nha nfldc"; "Kinh te"; "Khoa hpc ky thuat"; "Lpi jch
ea nhin vd xa hdi" cua ndng hd trong cdnh dong hen
kel tai huyen Trd On cd dang nhfl sau
Sfl hdi long = 0,961 + 0,528 ' KP
Khoa hoc ky thudt + 0,156 * Lpi ich
/

-r
hoi -f 0,105 * Chinh sich nha nfldc.

, . (^ 37^ .
',A^
..itin \a xa


Tap chi Khoa hoc Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - 5o 'Bang 5, Ket qua phan tich
Nhan to
aiUl hucrng

H? s6 hdi quy

He so hoi quy

chUa chuan h o a

chuan hoa

B
(Constant)
(SNN

1 KT
KHKT
BQL
LOllCH
Bien phu thupc

Sid. Error

0,961

0,353

101

quy da bien

G a tri T

Sig.

Beta (0)

Thong ke
da cpng t u , e n
Tolerance

2.726

0,008

VIT

0,072

0,037

0,105

1.941

0,045

0,890

1.123

0,653

0,078

0,528

8.334

0,000

0,655

1,.527

0,508

0,079

0,373

6.387

0,000

0,771

1,297

-0,068

0,044

-0,082

-1.535

0,128

0,929

1,077

0,191

0,073

0,156

2-622

0,010

0,741

1,350

SUHAILONG

Nhfl vdy, phfltfng trinh tren cd 4 nhdn td anh
hfldng quan trpng den sfl hai ldng cda ndng bd san
xuat Ida trong CDLK theo thfl tfl tam quan trpng cua
tflng nhdn td phu thudc vdo he sd p, nhdn td nao cd
h^ so P cing ldn thi mflc dp tic ddng den sfl hai Idng
cing nhieu; Tfl ket qua phflpng trinh, sfl hii ldng
cua ndng hd sdn xuat lfla trong CDLK chiu tdc ddng
nhieu nhat bdi nhan to Kinh te (p = 0,528), tiep theo
li nhan td Khoa hpc ky thuit (p ^ 0,373), ke den la
nhdn td Lpi ich cd nhin va xa hdi (p = 0,156), vd cudi
cflng Id nhan to Chinh sich nhd nfldc (P = 0,105)
cd lac dpng thap nhat den sfl hii Idng cfla ndng hp.
Qua dd, giup dia phflpng tic ddng vdo yeu td nao de
cii thi^n sfl hdi ldng cfla ndng hp, nen dfltfc flu tien
thflc hien li giii quyet van de cd mflc anh hfldng ldn,
nham lang hi^u qua hoat ddng cua cinh ddng lien
kel, cu the nhfl sau:
- Ve yeu td dim bio kinh te (tin ciy REL): Thinh
to Kinh te cd tdm quan trpng cao nhat trong md
hinh (P = 0,528), cdc hoat ddng dflpc hfldng den
nhdm dat hieu qua san xuat. Ket qui nghien cflu cho
thay, ndng hd tham gia canh ddng lien ket khd hdi

long (MDHLC > 3) vd yeu to tin cay ve hpp ddng
bao tieu chiem li trpng cao nhat trong thinh td Kinh
te di 1dm tang sfl hdi long cua ndng hd (Bang 4). De
dim bio cam ket bao tieu sin pham cho nong hd sdn
xuat lfla trong CDLK la htfp ddng bao tieu phai chat
che, hai hda lpi ich gida cdc ben, ed sfl rdng budc
bdng sfl tham gia ciia Nhd nfldc trong khiu phip ly
eiia hpp dong nhim trinh tinh trang "vd keo" nhfl
nam 2018 - 2019 vdi ty le khd cao (19%). De hpp tdc
dflpc ben vdng, nong hd cflng can tudn thu theo ndi
dung hpp ddng.
- Vc yeu td dam bio Khoa hpc ky thuit (dip flng
RES): Theo nghien cdu cua Nguyen Hdng Tin vd
cpng tic vien (2015) thi viec tham gia md hinh lien
kel va dp dung ky thuit 1P5G giup tang hieu qui san
xuat lua cua ndng hp vd yeu id dam bdo ve Khoa hpc

ky thudt cho ndng hd trong md hinh eung la thinh
td cd tam dnh hfldng quan trpng sau thdnh to Kinh
te (P = 0,373). V\ vdy, can tao dieu ki?n cho ndng hp
trong md hinh dflpc flng dung ky thudt lien tien, eu
the Id nhflng ndng hp sdn xuit tdt trong md hinh
dflpc tao dieu kien thi diem cdc gdi ky thuit tien tien
nham khuyen khich ndng hp sin xuat ddm bdo chat
Ifldng ndng sdn vd tao diem trinh dien cho cic ndng
hd khic hpc hdi, phdt tnen sin xuit, dflpe liep cdn
thdng tin bing cdch kip thdi Ihdng lin cho ndng hp
trong md hinh ve tinh hinh gid cd, gdi ky thudt hifu
qua, thdng tin ve gidng lua, md hinh hay tfl dd tao
ddng Iflc cho ndng hd cd day dfl kien thflc, thong tin

thi trfldng.
- Ve yeu id ddm bdo Lpi ich ca nhdn vd xi hpi
(Ddm bio ASS): Qua khdo sdi vd phdn lich d bing 2
cho thay, nhdm hp trong CDLK cd nang suat binh
quan cao hdn, dat Ipi nhuin cao hdn 31,4%, hi?u qui
ddng vdn cao htfn 0,35 lan so vdi hd ngodi CDLK.
Ket qua nghien cflu cfla Le Nguyen Doan Khdi vi
Nguyen Ngpc Ving (2012) da chflng minh rang
ndng hd trong md hinh lien ket ddu tfl them mpt
ddng chi phi thu dflpc 0,75 dong ldi nhuan, trong
khi dd ngodi CDLK chl thu dflpc 0,39 ddng. Nhfl
vdy, thdnh td Lpi ich ca nhan vd xa hpi cd tam quan
trpng thfl 3 trong CDLK (p - 0,156), Vi vdy, ndng
dan can dp dung dflng quy trinh ky thudt sdn xuit, se
ha gid thdnh sdn xuat, gia ban se cao - on dinh, giup
ting thu nhip tren dien tich dat canh tac, ddy Id yeu
td dam bao cudc sdng, giflp ndng hp an tdm san xuat
vd hai ldng kbi tham gia vdo cdnh ddng lien ket. Ben
canh dd, tao cd hdi tiep xfle, giao lflu hpc hdi de md
rdng kien thflc, vd thiel lap dflpc nhieu mdi quan h?
td/nhdm trong sdn xuat vd kinh doanh.
- Ve yeu td dam bao Chinh sach Nha nfldc
(Phflpng tien hflu hinh TAN va Cim thdng EMP):
Ddy la thdnh to cd tam quan trpng thap (P - 0,105)
the hien t\' le hd Irong CDLK chfla thflc hien ddng


Tap chi Khoa npc Cdng ngne

niip Viet Nam-S65(] :•!', 2J20

bp, tp mua gidng ben ngoii hoac tfl gifl gidng
(57,1%) vi khdng mua vit tU ndng nghiep dung
qui djnh (29.5%), va chfla tham gia tip huan chiem
8,6% (Bang 1). Vl viy, de ting hieu qua CDLK cic
chinh sach nhd nUdc can tao dieu kien cho ndng hd
tham dfl ldp huan, tiep can nguon Ida giong, dich
vp BVT\'. dd ta phfltfng tien hdu hinh giup ndng
hp cim nhin sfl hdi long, quyet tam sin xuat. \ i
vay vi?c hd trp tap huan phai lUa chpn ndi dung dap
dng nhu cau thUc te. thiet thpc, dim bao sin xuat
dat chat lUpng, gii ca. Ben eanh dd, phai cdng khai
vi minh bach ve sU flu ddi ciia Nhd nfldc. Nganh
ndng nghiep quan tdm den ndng hd de cd sfl cam
thdng, qua dd ndng hp cdm thay hii ldng khi tham
gia CDLK. Tao dieu kien cho ndng hp vay von, vd
vdn tin dung, cd the li yeu to dam bio ve phfldng
ti?n hflu binh, giup ndng hd diu tfl sin xuat, dng
dung tien bp khoa bpc ky thudl, chu ddng trong tudi
tieu, d^ dam bao sdn xuat dat hi^u qud.
IV.KKTIUAN
Ndng hp tham gia md hinh cdnh ddng lien ket
t^i buy^n Trd On, tinh \inh Long vin cdn ban che
trong dng dpng qui trinh ky thudl canh tic; nhflng
chl phi sdn xuat thap htfn 10,5%. ndng suit cao hdn
7,5%, vd lpi nhuan cao hdn 31,3% so vdi hd ngoii
Canh ddng lien ket.
Ndng bp bii long khi tham gia einh ddng lien
ket qua gii tri trung binh thang do > 3. Bdn nhin
td cd tie dpng den sp hdi long cfla ndng hd li "Kinh

te", "Khoa hpc ky thuit", "Lpi ich ci nhdn va xi
hpi"; vi nhdn td eo tic ddng thap nhit la "Chinh
sach nhi nfldc".
De phit trien md hinh CDLK tdt htfn vdi sfl tham
gia cua ndng bd nhieu htfn trong tfltfng lai. nhdn td
chinh sdch cua dia phUdng can duoe xem xel de
tao ddng Iflc thflc da\ sdn xuat ndng nghiep gin ket
"Bdn nhi" tai dia phfldng.
TAILIHC THA.M KHAO
Le Nguyen Doan Khdi va Nguyen Ngpt Ving, 2012
Gidi phdp nang cao hi^u qua to chflc sin xuat tieu

thy lua g^o • trfldng hpp canh d6ng ni
Giang. Trong Ky yeu khoa hgc 2012
Thtf, trang 125-132.
Vo Thi Thanh Lpc vi Huynh Hiiu Thp, 21
;,• iUong
phUdngphdp nghien cdu khoa hoc v.:
nghien cUu. Nha xuat bin D91 bpc C.^ hd. trang
1-70.

Nguyen Ihi Bich Ngpc. 2019. Ddnh g-... u qud Idl
chinh sdn xudt liia trong vd ngodi lien_it d linh An
Giang vd Dong Thdp. Luin vin cao bpc ngdnh Phdt
trien Ndng thdn - Vi^n Nghien cflu & Phdt trien
DBSCL - Trfldng D^i bpc Can Thtf, trang 40-64.
Nguyen Hong Tin, Le Thi Cam Hudng, Ngu> en Ngpc
Sd, Nguyen Van Sinh va Chau Thi My Duy^n,
2015. Hieu qui kinh te mo hinh 1 phii 5 gidm ciia 2
nhdm hd trong vi ngoai HTX d Kien Giang va An

Giang. Tap chi Khoa hgc - Dai" hoc Cdn Vid, 37 (2);
76-85.
Hoang Trpng vi Chu Nguyen Mpng Ngoc, 2005. Phdn
tich du lieu nghien cUu vdi SPSS. Nhd xuat bdn thong
ke, Hd Npi. Trang 13-16.
Pham Ngpc Nhan, 2013. Ddnh gid mUc do hdi long cua
nong ddn ve chdt lUdng ldp tap huan (FFS) chon giong
vd sdn xudt liia giong cong dong tinh Hdu Giang ndm
2013. Ludn van cao hpc nganh Phdt trien Ndng thdn
- Vien Nghien cflu & Phdt trien DBSCL - Trfldng Dai
hgc Can Thtf. Trang 27-34.
Trfltfng Van Tuyen, 2007, Gido trinh Phdt trien cdng
ddng. Ly ludn vd Ung dung trong phdt trien nong ihon.
NXB Ndng nghiep. Ha Npi, 175 trang.
UBND huyen Tri On, 2018. Bdo cdo Ket qud thflc hien
De an "Tai co eau nganh ndng nghiep tinh Vinh
Long theo hudng nang cao gia tri, hieu qud vd phdt
trien ben vflng" tren dia ban huyen Trd On giai doan
2013-2017,
UBND xaTin My - Thien My - Xuan Hiep, 2018-2019.
Bao cio Ket qud thfle hien De an "Tdi ctf cau nganh
ndng nghiep theo hfldng ndng cao gia tn, hieu qud
va phdt trien ben vflng" tren dia ban xi.
Parasuraman, A., ZeitbamI, V. A. and Berry, L.L., 1988
"SERVQUAL: a multiple item scale for measuring
customer perceptions of service qualit '-m'-nal of
Retailing, 64: 12-40.

Evaluation of farm households' satisfaction p a r t i c i p a t i n g
in the associate fields of rice p r o d u c t i o n in Tra O n district, V i n h L o n g Province

Iran Thanh Thuy and Hu .nl, Qua,,„-rAbstract
ParticipaUon of households in the model "Associate tields'" in Tra On disinct of Vmh Long province ,, , j^cre
since 2018; 135 households inside and outside the associatefieldswere ink-rviewed to assess the pr. , i|„„ ^^^
and farmer's satistaction level. The collected data wasanal>'zed by descnpUvL- statistics, T-Test for comj. ,1^ fma '' "^
efficiency between two groups of households; SERVPERF scale and iniiltivanate regression anaU
,,
.'"'^


Tap chih-'oa ^'jc Cong rgne Ndng nghiip Viit Nam - S6 >

to determine levels and factors affecting the satisfaction of households inside the model. The result showed thai
households inside the associate fields had higher yield and profit (7.6% and 31.^%) m comparison to those outside.
The farmers were quite satisfied about participation m the associate fields by the highest scale of Benefit variable
(> 4.2) Mam factors affecting the satisfaction were Economy (p = 0.5:,S), Engineering (P=0.373), Personal and
Sociely Benefits (|J = 0.156); the Government Policy was the lowest impact on household's satisfaction (|5 = 0.105).
Adjustment of the local supportive pohcies will attract farmer's participation with the associatefieldsm the future.
Keywords: Associatefields,farm household, satisfaction, Tra On district, Vinh Long province
Ngay nhan bai: 02/4/2020
Ngay phan bien: 08/5/2020

Xguai phan bien: TS Le Quang Long
Ngay duyet dang: 20/5/2020

TiNH BEN V0NG VA HIEU QUA KINH TE CAC MO HlNH
SINH KE N 6 N G HO VUNG LtJ DE BAO KHEP KIN TINH AN GIANG
Lam Thinh Si', Chau My Duyen^
T O M TAT

An Giang Id tinh chiu dnh hfldng dau lien vd trflc tiep lu hdng nam. lii gay ra cac riii ro nhfl gdy ngap ung, thi^t

h^i sin xuat, han che giao thong, xoi Id vd dnh hflcmg den sinh ke hp ddn. Nghien cflu sil dung khung sinh kc b^n
vflng {DFID, 1999) nham khim pha cac yeu to thflc day vd cdn trfl sinh ke cua nong hp. dong thdi so sich cic nguon
Iflc sinh ke hp trong de vd ngodi de nhdm de xuat nhflng giii phdp eho edi thien sinh ke nong hp. Ky thudl iham
van ngfldi am hieu (KIP), thdo luan nhom (FGD) vd phong van hp dfltfc sfl dung. 182 ho dan trong vi ngoai de d
02 huy^n An Phfl, Phu Tan vd thi xa Tan Chau, tinh An Giang dfltfc phong van. Cong cu thong ke mo td vi phan
tich Anova sfl dung de the hi^n cdc chien Iflfle sinh ke, nguon von sinh ke vd tinh ton Ihfltfng cua chien Iflpc sinh ke,
Ket qua nghien cflu chi ra rang, trong dieu kien hien lai ndng ho co ngudn lao dong ddi ddo nhflng sd ngfldi phy
thupc nhieu tao kho khan trong ehi phi sinh hoat, trinh dd hpe van d mflc thap, Tuy nhien, ve von ngudn lUc tU
nhien, di?n tich sd hflu ciia ede mo hinh thi khae nhau kha ldn, Ve mat kinh le, mflc dp da dang nguon thu nhip hp
khdng cao. Ve vdn xi hpi, ty le tham gia hdi doan d mflc thap lam han che kha nang tiep can thdng tin ciia hp, Ve vdn
ldi san, ndng hp da phan hdi long ve giao thdng, thuy Itfi, de bao. Ddi vdi 3 md hinh sinh ke chinh thi cd khac bi?t
y nghia thong ke ve hieu qud kinh te vd md hinh nudi trong thiiy sdn la mdt md hinh tnen vpng cho thu nhap hd.
Tfl khda: Bien doi khi hdu, de ton thflong, vung lii, sinh ke
I.DATVANDE
Ddng Bdng Sdng Cflu Long ld vflng san xuat nong
nghiep trong diem cua cd nfldc va gifl vai tro quan
trpng trong dim bio an ninh tfltfng thflc cua qudc gia
(Sanh, 2009; Thing vd Todn, 2016). Vi vdy, sdn xuat
vd dich vii nong nghiep dd trd thdnh nguon sinh ke
chinh cua nong dan vung DBSCL. Trong dieu kien
cflc doan nhfl hicn nay, DBSCL noi chung va linh
vile ndng nghiep d DBSCL noi rieng bi inh hfldng
ning ne bdi lac ddng cfla bien doi khi hiu, hiem
hpa tfl nhien (Wassmann, 2004; Dasgupta, 2007;
Carew-Reid, 2007) vd chiu anh hfldng cfla thay
ddi sfl dung nfldc d tbfltfng nguon (Greancen and
Palettu, 2007) cu the nhflng hien tUtmg cflc doan
niy dd anh hfldng den dien bien lu trd nen thay doi
\d thai thfldng htfn (Can Thu \'dn vd Nguyen Thanh
Stfn, 2016; Thing vd Todn, 2016).

Tinh An Giang la tinh dau nguon co bien gidi
g'^P ^^f' Campuchia, ntfi cd dong Sdng Tien vd Song
Hdu thudc Song Mekong tfl tbfltfng ngudn chdy ve
^d Id tinh chiu inh hfldng dau tien vd trflc tiep bdi
'u hang nam (Tfl vd ctv., 2012). Theo tdc gid Nguyen
Thi Hodng Hoa nim 2017 da chi ra rang, lu mang
'ai nhieu Itfi ich cho DBSCL ndi chung nhfl cung
cap nUdc cho sdn xuat, sinh boat, he sinh thdi, ngin
xam nhip man vd eung cap phfl sa vd ngudn thfly
sdn (Hoa, 2017). Tuy nhien, lfl cung gay ra cac rui ro
nhfl gay ngap ung, thiet hai mfla mdng, cin trd giao
thdng, xdi 16 vd anh hfldng den smh ke hp dan. Do
do. An Giang da tap trung vao cac glii phdp cong
trinh nhfl xdy dflng de bao khep kin de phuc vu cho
san xuat vd dam bdo an loan cho ngfldi ddn (Thieu
vd Dung, 2014) vd gidi phap phi cong trinh "sdng
chung vdi lu" nhdm ndng cao y cfla hp din trong

Xghien cflu sinh nginh Phdt trien ndng thdn, Dai hpc Can Thtf
' \'ien Nghien cflu Phil trien DBSCL, Dai hoc Can Thtf