Đánh giá của con về phương pháp giáo dục giá trị của cha mẹ

DANH GIA CUA CON VE PHUONG PHAP
GIAO DUO GIA TRI CUA CHA ME
ThS. Truong Quang L i m

Khoa Tdm ly hoc. Trudng Dai hoc Khoa hoc ^ hdi vd Nhdn vdn, Dai hpc Qudc gia
HdNdi.
TOM TAT
Kit qud khdo sdt tren 245 Ire em a lira tuoi hpc sinh trung hpc ca sd tren dia
bdn npi thdnh vd ngogi ihdnh Hd Npi cho thdy. hpc sinh ddnh gid ve cdc phuong phdp
gido due gid tri cua cha me chu yeu la ldm guang. neu girang vd phdn tich gidng gidi
Co sir khde nhau cd y nghia thdng ke giira ddnh gid ciia hpc sinh nam vd hpc sinh nii:
cha me dp dung phucmg phdp gido due ldm girang, neu girang vd phdn tich, gidng gidi
ddi vdi con gai nhieu han so vdi con trai. Da sd hpc sinh ddnh gid hdi ldng vdi phucmg
pffKgido due gid In cua cha mf. Tuy nhien, de viec gido due gid tri cho tre em dupe
lot hom, hpc sinh mong mudn cha me lang nghe, hieu con, Idm su vdi con vd quan Idm,
chdm sdc, yeu thuong con, ddnh thdi gian cho con.
Til khoa: Ddnh gid; Phuong phdp gido due gid tri; Gia dinh; Cha me; Hpc sinh
trung hpc ca .sd.
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 19/9/2016; Ngdy duyel ddng bdi: 25/9/2016.
1. B i t van de
Hien nay, tten thd gidi, cic qudc gia ddu quan tam ddn djnh hudng giao
due gii ttj cho trd em. Mdi nude deu cd nhitng chidn lupc ve muc tidu, ndi dung
vi phuomg phip giio dye gii trj cho thanh thidu nidn nham hinh thanh v i phit
ttien nhin cich tdt d the he tte. Cd thd ndi, lham gia vio qua ttinh giio due Ire
em la c i mdt he thdng tie ddng bao gdm gia dinh, nha trudng v i cic td chure xa
hdi... Trong dd, phii kd den vai ttd het sire quan trpng ciia gia dinh, bdi nhiing
gia ttj nhan cich ma ttd cd dupe dau lien li tir gia dinh v i gia dinh ciing la mdi
trudng thuan Ipi dd ttd thuc hanh nhiing gii tri dupe tiep thu lir bdn ngoai xa hdi.
Thdng qua co che ITnh hdi (hpe hdi, bit chudc, ddng nhit hda), ttd tidp thu cic
gii trj lir dng bi, cha me, anh chj em... [5], [7]. Vide giio due gia tri cho trd em
cd djnh hudng tir gia dinh li nhan td quan ttpng de tao ra nhiing cdng din tdt

ttong tuong lai, ddng gdp vio sy phit ttidn cua mdt dit nude hda binh, dn djnh
v i mang dim tinh nhin vin.

TAP CHl TAM Ly H(DC, Sd 11 (212), 11 - 2016

79


Ban \d khii niem giio due gii trj. ttong nghidn ciiu nay. chung tdi tan tiianh
vdi quan didm ciia tic gia Truomg Thi Khinh Ha (2016) khi cho ring: "Gido ditc
gid tri cho tre em Id hogt dpng cd mifc dich, cd npi dung, cd phuong phdp eda
ngu&i dugc gido due nhdm hinh thdnh & tre ede quan diim, niim tin vi edi dung,
cdi dep, edi quan trgng, cdn thiit vd ed y nghia ddi voi cuoc sdng eua ede em
trong nhiing diiu kiin Ifch suxd hpi eu thi" [6; tt. 66]. Khai nidm na^ dupe hidu
li qui ttinh tic ddng ddn txxttrdng,dao diic, hanh vi ciia con ngudi dd nhan cich
dupe phit ttidn diing hudng. Trdn tiiyc Id, da cd nhidu nghien ciiu trdn khich tiid
Ii cha me nhim tim hidu vd tiiyc tt^g giio due gia trj cho tre em ttong gia dinh.
Trong pham vi bai bio niy, chiing tdi lap ttung tim hidu dinh gii ve cic phuong
phip giio due gii trj ciia cha me dudi gdc nhin ciia ttd.
Cd thd thiy. vide giio dye gii trj cho ttd em trong gia dinh Ii mpt qui
trinh dien ra Ihudng xuydn, lidn tyc vi liu dii. Do vay, cd nhidu phuong phip
giio dye ttong gia dinh, tiiy thupe vio sy phit trien tam ly lii'a ludi ciia tte d mdi
giai doan. Tin thinh vdi quan didm ciia cac tic gii Ngd Cdng Hoan, Nguydn Vin
Tinh, Truong Thj Khanh Hi, Vu Hong Tien khi cho ring, cic phuong phip giio
dye gii ttj phii hpp ddi vdi ttd d lira moi hpc sinh trung hpc co sd chii ydu la
phdn tich, gidi thich; ldm guong; niu guong; khen thuong; trirng phgt; td chuc
cdc hogt dpng trdi nghtpm thue tten [2], [4], [6], [8]. Mdi phuong phip ddu ed
uu - nhupc didm ridng, tiiy vio didu kien, hoan cinh cu th^ ciia timg gia dinh ma
cic bic cha m? ip dyng phuong phip cho phii hpp doi vdi ttd. Do dd, ciu hdi
nghidn cim Avtgc d$t ra li: 1/ Theo ddnh gid cua tre, cha m? cdc em thu&ng xuyin

dp dung phuong phdp gido dye gid trf ndo?; 2/ Di vipe gido due gid tri cho tre
dpi hifu qud, cdc em cd mong mudn gi ddi v&l cha mf eiia minh?. Myc dich ciia
nghidn ciru nhim dua ra nhiing kidn nghj phu hpp cho cic b^c phy huynh trong
qui trinh giio dye gii trj cho con, hudng tdi vi§c hinh tiianh vi phit tti^n nhan
cich t6t d trd.
2. Khich the vi phucmg phip nghien cihi
Nghidn cihi dupe khio sit trdn 245 hpe sinh t?i 2 tiudng thudc dja ban
Hi N0i: mpt ttudng d ngoai thanh (Tnrdng THCS Quang Minh, huy^n Md
Linh), mpt ttudng d npi thinh (Tnrdng THCS Ld Lpi, qu§n Hoin Kidm), gom
4 khdi ldp hpc. lir Idp 6 ddn ldp 9, moi khdi chpn trung binh 30 hpc sinh.
Nghidn ciiu dupe tidn hinh tu tiling 2/2016 - thing 5/2016. trii qua qui
ttinh didu tta tiiii vi didu tra chinh thirc. Cic phuong phip chinh dupe sir dyng li
nghidn cim tii l i ^ didu tta bing bang hdi vi phdng vin siu. Thang do dinh gii
cua hpc sirih vd cic phuong phip giio dye gii ttj cua cha m? dupe tiiict kd gdm
15 m?tih dd. vdi dp tin cay Alpha ciia Cronbach = 0,80. Cic mirc dp tri ldi dupe
cho didm tir 1 didm - "Khdng bao gi& su dim^" ddn 5 didm - "Rdt thu&ng xuyin su
80

TAPCHiTAMLyHQC.Sd 11 (212), 11 -2016


dung" Didm trung binh cang cao phin anh miirc dp ip dyng cac phuong phip
cing thuomg xuydn vi didm cing thip cho lhi\ mire dp ap dung cic phuong
phip cang it thudng xuydn. Sd lieu khao sit dupe XTT ly bang phan mdmtiidngkd
loin hpc SPSS phidn ban 22.0.
Ngoii ra, cdn cd cau hdi md ve nhiing mong mudn cua Me ddi vdi cha
me dd vide giio due gia trj cho cic em dupe tdt hon. Dir lieu thu dupe tii cau
hdi md dupe xir ly bing \'iec tinh ty le phan ttam cac y kidn hpc sinh tra ldi vi
dupe xdp theo thii ty uu lien: y kien cd ty Id phan trim cang cao cho thay ttd cd
mong mudn cing ldn ddi vdi cha me ttong vide giio dye gii trj cho con irong

gia dinh.
3. Ket qua nghien cuu
3.1. Dinh gii cua tre vi cic phucmg phip giio due gii tri cho eon cua
cha me
De tte cd dupe cic gii tri tdt dep thi cha me can phai cd nhiing cich thiic
dpng phii hpp vio tim ly cua cic em. Cic phuong phip giio due gii tri cho
ttd trong gia dinh ciing rat linh boat vi da dang. Nd didn ra ihudng xuydn vi gin
vdi ddi sdng sinh boat hang ngiy ciia gia dinh, thdng qua giao tidp img xii giiia
cac thanh vidn. Trdn thyc td, ddi liic, cha me cung khdng y thirc dupe minh dang
su dyng phuong phip nio. Do %ay. tim hidu \e mirc dp ip dung cac phuong
phip giio due gii trj cho con ciia cic bac phu huynh, chiing ldi di dit ra ciu hdi
cho hpc sinh: "Trong cdc phuong phdp gido due gid tri cho eon du&i ddy, cha
me eua em thir&ng su dimg nhiing phuong phdp ndo di gido due con?"
Bing 1: Cdc phuong phdp md cha me su dung di gido due gid tri
cho tre em Irong gia dinh (theo ddnh gid cua tre)
Diem
trung
binh

Do
lech
chuan

Phan tich, giang giai dieu hay. le phai
cho con

3.76

1.02

Giai ihich cho con v e y nghia ciia nhimg
hanh \i va thai 6Q diing din

3,58

1,07

Tam af, chia se voi con \'e nhiing hieu
biet va kinh nghidm cua cha m?

3,35

1,14

Cic phmrng phip giio due gia trj cua cha me

1. Phucmg
phip phan
tich, giai
thich

TAP CHI TAM Ly HC)C, Sd 11 (212), 11 - 2016

Diem
truog
binh
chung

Do
lech

chuan

336

1,07

81


2. Phiromg
phap lam
guong

3. Phirong
phap neu
guomg

4. Phuomg
phap khen
thucmg,
trirng ph^t

5. Phuong
phip to
churc ho^t
d$ng trii
nghidm

Lam guong cho con noi theo thong
qua giao tiep ung xir vdi moi ngudi

3,50

Lam guomg cho con bing vi?c tham
hoi, eham soc ong ba, cha m?, ngudi
than trong gia dinh

4,07

1,02

Neu nhihig tim guong tir truyen thong
gia dinh cho con noi theo

3,54

1,15

Neu nhimg tim guomg ngudi tot viec
t6t trong xa hpi de giao due con

3,61

1,11

Khen nggri, khich le khi con co nhung
hanh vi tot

3,29

1,19

Khen thuomg khi con dat thanh tich tot

3,63

1,1

Trach ming va ph^t con khi con co
nhimg hanh vi khong tot

3,48

1,09

Sir dvng hinh ph^t than the don roi k)ii
con c6 thii dp vi hanh vi khong diing

2,46

1,09

Cho con tham gia vio cac cong vi$c
gia dinh phii hgrp nhu nau in, v | sinh
nha eira...

4,05

1,02

Cho con tham gia vio cic ho^t dpng
tinh nguydn, giup dd nhihig ngudi co
hoan cinh kho khin

3,31

1,17

Khuyen khich con tham gia cic ho^t
dpng sinh hoat cpng dong, lang xom

2,94

1,18

Khuyen khich con tham gia vio cac
ho?it dpng phong trio a truomg, lop

3,44

1,13

1,12
3,78

1,07

3,57

1,13

3^1

1,11

3,43

1,12

Ghi chu: Diem thdp nhdt Id I. cao nhat la 5. Diem cdng cao, mde dp dp dung cdng cao.

Qua bing I cho thiy, hpc sinh danh gii phuomg phip ma cha m? thudng
ip dyng rAiiha nhit de giio dye gii tii cho con la ldm guang (DTB = 3,78). Cy
tiid li cha m? "ldm guang cho con bdng vlpc thdm hdi eham sdc dng bd, cha
mf, ngu&t thdn brong gia dinh" (DTB = 4,07) vi "ldm guang cho eon thdng qua
giao tiip ung xir v&i mpi ngu&i' (DTB = 3,50). Trdn tiiyc Id, cic hinh dpng
chim sdc dng bi, cha me, ngudi than cua cic thinh vidn trong gia dinh khdng
ehi tao ra biu khdng khi im ip, tin mdng doi vdi Ire, mi qua dd cic em cdn hpc
hdi cich img xii, cich quan lim ddn nhau tir cha me cua minh. Tir dd, cic em
ITnh hpi dupe cic gii tii ve sy quan tam, chim sdc, tinh cim gia dinh vi md r^ng
ra li Idng nhin ai. ydutiiuongddi vdi nhihig ngudi xung quanh [ 1 ], [4].
82

TAP CHl TAM Ly HQC, Sd 11 (212)."ll T20I6


Tidp ddn li hai nhdm phuong phap mi hpc sinh dinh gii cha me ip dyng
tuomg duomg nhau li niu guang \kphdn tich, gidi thich (DTB = 3,57 vi 3,56).
Niu guong li phuong phip "cha me dua ra nhiing hinh mau cy thd, tidu bidu,
nhiing gii trj xi hdi chuan myc ttong cupc sdng dd con cii hpc tap vi lim theo"

[4; tt. 169]. Phuong phip niy giiip tte phit tridn dupe ning lyc phd phan. dinh gii
dupe nhiing hinh vi cua ngudi khic, rut ra dupe nhiing ket luan bd ich. Trdn co
sd dd, ttd bidt hpc tap theo guong tdt va ddng thdi biel trinh nhirng hinh vi xiu.
Cdn phuong phip phdn tich, gidi thich li phuong phip cha me dimg ldi ndi vdi
thii dp an cin dd ttd bidt didu hay Id phii, didu ndn lim hoic khdng ndn lim
trong cupc sdng.
Phuong phip td chuc hogt dpng trdi nghiem (DTB = 3,43) ciing dupe cha
m? su dyng luong ddi thudng xuydn. Cd thd ndi, ttong mdi trudng gia dinh, cd
rat nhidu boat dpng khae nhau mi cha me cin cho tte tham gia cung dd trii
nghidm. Qua danh gii ciia hpc sinh chn thiy, ndi dimg mi cha me thudng xuyen
ip dyng la "chg cgn tham gia vdo ede edng viie gia dinh phii hgp nhu ndu dn, vi
sinh nhd eira..." (DTB = 4,05). Khi tham gia vio cic cdng vi?c niy, ttd sd bidt
^ n sd giup dd cdng vi^c cho cha me, ddng thdi se hinh thanh ky ning vi y thiic
ttich nhidm tu chim sdc bin thin khi trudng thinh.
Phuomg phip khen thu&ng va trirng phgt (DTB = 3,21) dupe hpc sinh
dinh gii vdi didm trung binh thip nhit trong so cic nhdm phuong phip mi cha
m? cic em ip dyng. Khi dupe hdi vd phucmg phip niy, cd mpt ty 1? Idn hpc
sinh dinh gii cha me thudng xuydn (33,9%) vi rit thudng xuydn (25,7%) ip
dyng "khen thuong khi con cd thdnh tich tdf vi "cha mf khen nggi, khich li khl
eon ed nhiing hdnh vi tdt" cd 26,1% hpc sinh dinh gii thudng xuydn vi 18,4% rit thudng xuydn. Bdn canh dd, cha m? vin ip dyng vi?c trdeh mdng vd phgt khi
eon cd nhiing hdnh vi khdng tdt (vdi 34,7% sd hpc sinh dinh gii li thudng
xuyen vi 18,4% - ril thudng xuyen). Cd mdt ty Id nhd cha me su dung hinh phgt
thdn thi ddn roi khi con cd thdi dp vd hdnh vi khdng dung (vdi 10,6% - thudng
xuydn vi 5,7% - rit thudng xuydn). Trdn thyc td, vide cha m? ttich ming, ph^it
con ho^c sir dung hinh phat ddn roi la dd con nhan loi vdi cic hinh vi khdng
ddng. Tuy nhidn, diy li each thiic khdng phu hpp, di ngupe lai vdi quan diim
cua Tim ly hpc giio dye, vi ttong nhidu trudng hpp, cha m? khdng kiim soit
dupe cim xiic, hinh vi ciia bin thin khi ky luit trd. Didu niy tao ra d ttd tam Iy
t6n thuong, lir dd hinh tiiinh ndn gii trj tidu eye vd bin thin eua trd [ 1 ], [2], [4].
So sdnh ddnh gid cua hgc sinhve phuong phdp gido due gid tri cua cha mf

- So sinh theo gidi linh

TAPCHlTAMLyHQCSdIl (212), 11-2016

83


Bang 2: Ddnh gid eua hgc sinh ve phirangphdp gido due gid tri cita cha me
Cac phiromg phap
1. Lam guomg

2. Neu guong

3. Phan tich, giai thich

4. Khen thuomg, trirng phat

5. To chuc hoat dpng trai nghidm

Gidi

Diem trung
binh

D9 lech
chuan

Nam

3,66

0.91

Nif

3,92

0.85

Nam

3,42

0.9:

Nu

3,74

0,84

Nam

3,41

0.81

Nif

3,73

0,83

Nam

3,25

0,90

Nu

3,36

0,89

Nam

3,37

0,84

NCr

3,50

0.79

P
0,026

0,005

0,002

0,443

0,210

Ghi chii: mircy nghTa khip < 0.05 vdp < 0,01.

Qua sd li?u d bang 2 cho thiy, khdng cd sy khic biel trong danh gia ciia
con trai va eon gii \ c vide cha me ip dung phuong phip khen ihir&ng, trirng
phgt vi Id chirc hogt dgng trdi nghiem ddi vdi cac em. Tuy nhien, sy khic bidt
cd y nghTa thdng ke (so sinh diem trung binh vi kidm djnh T-test giiia hpc sinh
nam vi hpc sinh nii) khi dinh gii vd 3 phuong phap giio dye ma cha me Ihudng
ap dung la ldm girgng, niu guong va phdn tich, gidi thick Cu thd, 0 ca 3 phuong
phip nay, diem trung binh d nir cao hon so vdi nam. Didu nay dupe ly giai li do
sy phit trien lim ly cua hpc sinh nir phit tridn hon so vdi hpc sinh nam vd ngdn
ngii, nhin thirc. cic em nii ua dupe khuyen bio nhe nhang. Ben c?nh dd, dudi
gdc dp gidi, cd the thay cic em nii cd xu hudng chip nhan quan didm cua ngudi
khae hon va dupe dinh gii cao hon trong nhirng ITnh vyc cin sir dung ngdn ngQ;
[6; tr. 144]. Vi v$y mi cha me ip dung cic phuong phip niy vdi con gii thudng
xuydn hom so vdi con trai.
- So sinh theo khdi ldp:
Nhin chung, cd sy luong ddng giira danh gia ciia hpc sinh tiieo dia bin (npi
tiiinh vi ngoai tiiinh). tiieo khoi ldp vi theo ket qui hpc tap vd cic phuong phip
giio due gia tri ciia cha me. Chi cd phuong phap td chiie ede hogi dpng Irdi
nghiim la cd sy khic bidt trong dinh gii cua hpc sinh theo khoi ldp (so sinh diem
ttung binh vi kidm djnh T-test). Cy tiid, d bang 3, didm trung binh ciia hpc sinh
khdi Idp 6 cao hon so vdi hpc sinh khoi ldp 9 (DTB = 3,63 va 3,21; p = 0,008), cd

84

TAPCHlTAMLyHQCSdIl (212), 11 -2016


nghTa li cac em khdi Idp 6 dinh gii cha metfiudngsu dyng phuong phip td chiirc
boat dpng ttai nghidm nhidu hon so vdi hpc sinh khdi ldp 9. Didu nay dupe giii
tiu'ch bdi vdi hpc sinh khdi ldp 6, cic em bit diu budc vio hidi daytiii^nhin thiic
ciia cic em cdn ban chd, do vay cic em cin dupe cha me hudng din, chi bio
tiidng qua cic boat ddng trai nghidm nhu: tham gia vao cac cdng vide gia dinh
(nau in, v? sinh nhi cua), tham gia vio cic boat ddng tinh nguyen. cac hoat dpng
phong trio, cic boat ddng sinh boat ciia cdng ddng... dd hpc hdi va hieu vd hinh
vi ung Xli, qua ddtidpthu, ITnh hdi cic gii tri cho ban thin. Trong khi dd, hpc sinh
khoi Idp 9 cd nhin thde cao hon vi ttudng thanh hon ndn cha me ip dyng phuong
phip nay it hon so vdi cic phuong phip khic.
Bing 3: Sg sdnh theg khoi l&p

^

Phiromg p h i p

Tieu chi

To chirc hoat dpng
trai ngh if m

Lop 6

3,63

0,84

Ldp 9

3,21

0,87

Diem trung binh Do lech chuan

P
0,008

Ghi chu: Mucy nghiap < 0,01.

3.2. Mong mudn cua tri vi phucmg phip giio due gii tri eda cha mf
De qui trinh giio dye dat hidu qui, cha me ciing cin hidu vd nhihig suy
nghT, mong mudn cua con, tir dd cd nhirng didu chinh phii hpp. Tim hidu mong
mudn ciia hpc sinh vd cich giio due ciia cha me ddi vdi con cii ttong gia dinh,
chiing tdi dit ra cau hdi: "Di cha mf gido due gid tri cho con cdi dugc tdt hon,
em CO mong mudn gi & cha me minh?" Vdi cic y kien dupe hpc sinh dua ra, kdt
qui dupe thd hidn qua bing 4.
Bing 4: Mong mudn eda tre vi cdeh gido due gid tri eua cha mf
(ty H %) (n = 210)
Stt

Cic mong muon ciia con

Tong
soy

kien

Ty If %

1

Ling nghe, hi^u con, tam sir vai con

86

41,0

2

Quan tam, chSm soc, yeu thuong con, dinh thai gian cho con

84

40,0

3

C6 hieu biet (ve kien thuc, ky ning, phuomg phap) d^ day con

36

17,1

4

Khong d6n roi, trich ming, ph^t con

34

16,2

TAPCHlTAMLyHQCSdIl (212). 11 -2016

85


6

7

8

Giii thich, khuyen bao cho con hieu

:6

12.4

D^ con tu lap, tin tudng con
Lim guong cho con
Khong cai nhau, xung dot, yeu thuomg nhau

22

10,5

3,8
3.3

Qua bang 4 cho thiy, hpc sinh cd rat nhidu mong mudn khic nhau danh
cho cha me. Trong dd chidm ty Id cao nhit li cac em mong mudn cha m? ldng
nghe, hiiu eon, tdm su v&i con (41,0%) \a quan tdm, chdm sdc, yeu thuong con,
ddnh th&i gian cho eon (40,0%). Didu niy hoan loin phii hpp vdi lam Iy liia mdi
hpc sinh THCS, cic em cd nhidu thay ddi vd sinh ly, vd nhin thirc, vd ciu tnic
nhin cich va vj thd xa hdi. Bdn canh dd, vdi cim giic minh la ngudi Idn, cic em
mong mudn tu quyet djnh nhiimg vide minh lam, mong mudn dupe cha me, thiy
cd tdn ttpng va ddi xii binh ding [5; tt. 180 - 195]. Cic nghien cim dudi gdc dp
Tim ly hpc di chi ra ring, sy quan lim, chim sdc con ciia cha me giiip tte cim
thiy dupe tin tudng, dupe an toin vi dd Ii didu kidn dd phit trien nhidu mil, lim
cho cac con cd cim giic minh li ngudi cd gii tri, cd khi ning. dang tin cay...
chinh vi thd mi miic dp ly lin ciia tte phit ttidn.

So sinh vdi nghidn cim cua tic gii Truomg Thj Khinh Hi (2016), chiing
tdi nhin thiy cd su tuong ddng vdi kdt qui nghidn ciiu ma tic gii di chi ra: Cic
nhdm nguydn nhin chinh khidn ttd chua hii ldng vdi phuong phip giao dye ciia
cha me dd li; /. Phuong phdp gido due cua cha mf qud nghiim khde, a'mg nhdc,
dpc dodn 2. Cha mf chira hiiu tdm ly eua eon, chua thau hiiu con. 3. Cha mf hay
dp dpi, chua lang nghe y kiin eda con. Vi ttong sd cic y kidn mong mudn ciia trd
doi vdi cha m?, xdp vj tri dau lidn dd li "Cha me cd gdng hiiu, yeu thuong, ldng
nghe, cMa si vdi con" vi "Cha mf nen tin tu&ng, khich li, khong tgo dp luc, khdn
so sdnh con v&i ngir&i khde" [6; tt. 208 - 227]. Nhu viy, kel qui nghidn cim ciia
chiing ldi mdt lin niia chi ra ring, dd giio dye gii trj cho con hi?u qui, yeu td
quan ttpng li cha me can quan tim, ling nghe y kien ciia con, dinh thdi gian cho
con dd hidu nhimg suy nghT, tim tu, tinh cim ciia con, tir dd cha me cd nhiing
phuong phip giio dye phii hpp de ttd hinh thinh nhiing gii trj tdt dep.

Bdn c^nh dd, cic mong mudn khic ciia hpc sinh ddi vdi cha m? ciia cic
em ciing la bd sung cho 2-y kidn nduttdndd li: Cd hiiu biit (vi kiin thire, ky ndng,
phuong phdp) di dgy cgn (17,1 %); Khdng ddn roi trdeh mdng, phgt eon (16,2%);
Gidi Ihich, khuyen bdo cho con hiiu (12,4%); Di con tu Igp, tin tu&ng con (10,5%)
Ldm guang cho con (3,8%); Khdng cai nhau, xung dpt, yiu thucmg nhau (3,3%).
Dd hidu rd hon didu niy, chiing tdi di tdng hpp mpt sd y kidn ciia hpc sinh dudi
diy:

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TAP CHl TAM Ly HQC, Sd 11 (212), 11 - 2016


- "Em rru>ng mudn cha mf vd eon ed thi tdm su v&i nhau rthiiu han di cha
mf cd Ihi hiiu con cdi mmh, tii do cimg nhau gidi quyit cdc vdn di md eon gap
phdi trong cupc sdng". M i QM9_06.
-"Em mong mudn bd me eniyiu thuong vd trdn trgng em. Em mong mudn
mdi ldn em ldm sai diiu gi, bd me em nin khuyin bdo con nhf nhdng". Mi
QM9 08.
- "Em nghi bd mf cdn ldng nghe eon di hiiu suy nghT cua con. Cho eon
khoang khong gian tu do, tin tu&ng eon di con dpc lap, tu chdm sdc bdn thdn vd
gia Smh. Cha me can gidi thich nhe nhdng cho eon hiiu ra vdn de". M i
LL9_19.
- "Cha mf cdn hgn chi cdu gian v&i eon, khong nin sir dung ddn roi vi nhu
vdy se tgo ra khdng khi gia dinh edng thdng, ldm cgn sg hdi'. Ma QM7_16.
- "Cha mf can tim hiiu xem eon thich gi, con muon gi, can quan tdm, rpng
lugng v&i ldi sai eua eon, cdn tim hiiu ro ly do tru&c khi trdeh mdng eon". M i
QM7_30.
- "Em mong mudn cha me cdn hiiu ro bdn thdn vd hiiu con edi Cha mf
\ld mpt ngu&i bgn thdn thiit di cho erp tdm su, khdng nin tgg chg eon thdi

dp lo sg khl noi chuyin v&l chg me". M i LL8_22.
- "Em mong muon chg mf ed biin phdp gido due phit hcrp vai cgn, khdng
sir dung din ddn roi vi em cOng da l&n vd ed thi hieu vdn de. Cha mf cdn ldm
guong cho con, nhf nhdng chi ra nhirng khuyit diim de em hiiu vdn di. Cha mf
can yiu thuong nhau vdyiu thucmg eon cdi'. M i LL6_30.
Nhu viy, vide duy tri mdi quan he tinh cam gin bd, tin tudng giflra cha
me v i con li didu hdt sire quan trpng ttong vide giio due gii trj cho ttd, nhit li
ddi vdi ttd d liia mdi hpc sinh THCS. Bdi day li liia mdi dang ttong qui trinh
hinh thanh bin sic, phit ttidn cii tdi c i nhin manh md. Kdt qui niy d i cho thiy,
nhflmg mong mudn ciia cae em ddi vdi cha me cua minh. Do viy, cha me ciing
cin ling nghe nhflmg tam tu, nguydn vpng cua ttd, dd hidu con v i ban chd nhiing
miu thuan vd thd he giira cha me v i con cii ttong gia dinh.
4. Ket luan
Giio dye gii tri cho trd em ttong gia dinh li mdt qua trinh didn ra thudng
xuydn v i lau dii, cimg vdi dd li vide cha me van dyng cic phuong phip linh
boat trong thyc lidn. Kdt qui nghidn ciiru vd phuong phip giio due gii trj ciia
cha m? dudi dinh gii ciia ttd d Ilia tudi hpc sinh THCS da phin inh phin nio
thyc td giio dye gia dinh hidn nay. Cy thd, li cha m? chu ydu sir dung cic
phuong phip lam guong, ndu guong vi phin tich. giing giii... v i phuong phip
it dupe sii dyng nhit li su dyng hinh phat than tfid ddn roi. Tuy nhidn, de vi?c

TAPCHlTAMLyncpCSd 11 (212), 11-2016

87


giio due gii tri dat hidu qui thi cha me can tao ra mdt mdi trucmg gia dinh am
ip, quan lim. chim sdc li hdt sdc quan ttpng. Cha me cin ling nghe, quan tam,
chim sdc, hieu nhu ciu ciia tte dd tii dd cd nhiing phuong phip giio due phii
hpp vdi Ilia mdi cic em v i phii hpp vdi tam ly ciia timg em, bdi khdng cd

phuong phip nao li tdi uu hoin toin.

Tai lieu tham khao
1. Do Ngpc Khanh, Nghien ciiu su tu ddnh gid cua hpc sinh trung hpe eo sd d Hd
Npi, Luan an tidn sT Tam ly hpc, Vien Khoa hpc xa hpi Viet Nam, 2005.
2. Ngo Cdng Hoan, Gido trinh Gido due gia dinh, NXB Giio due, 2008.
3. Nguyen Cdng Kheinh, Phuong phdp gido due gid trj sdng vd ky ndng sdng, NXB
Dai hpc Su pham, 2014.
4. Nguyen Vin Tinh, Ngd Cdng Hoin, Gido irinh Gido due gia dinh, NXB Dai hpc
Quoc gia Ha Noi, 2015.
5. Truomg Thj Khinh Hi, Gido Irinh Tdm ly hpc phdt triin, NXB Dai hpe Quoc gia
Hi Npi. 2013.
6. Truomg Thj Khinh Hi. Gido due gid trj cho tri em trong gia dinh, NXB D^ii hpc
Qu6c gia Ha Npi. 2016.
7. Trucmg Quang Lam, 5M- hinh thdnh gid tri d tre em, T?p chi Tim ly hpc, So 8/2015,
tt. 92 - 99.
8. Vu Hong Tidn (Chii bien), Gido Irinh Gido due gia dinh, NXB Giao due, 2007.

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