Đôi nét về đời sống văn hóa của cư dân các khu nhà ở xã hội trên địa bàn hà nội

Doi net ve doi song van hoa cua cir dan
cac khu nha 6^ xa hoi tren dia ban Ha Noi
Hoang Vu Linh Chi<''
Nguyen Due Chien'"'
Nguyin Thi Xuan'""'
Tom tit: Dua tren kit qud khdo sdt tgi hai khu nhd dxd hdi (NOXH) Id DdngXd(huyen
Gia Lam) vd Linh Dam (quan Hoang Mai) tren dia bdn thanh phd Hd Ngi,^ bdi viit phan
tich nhiing bat cap trong viec sie dung khong gian cong cong, vexu the "ndng thon hda"
ddi song dd thi. vi tinh tuphdt trong sinh hogt vdn hoa cdng ddng vd vai trd cua cdc co
quan qudn ly.
Tix khoa: Ddi sdng van hda, Nha d xa bdi. Ha Ngi
Abstract: Based on research findings in the two social housing buildings in Dang Xa (Gia
Lam district) and Linh Dam (Hoang Mai district) in Hanoi, the article analyzes several
disadvantages in using public space, the tendency of "ruralization" in urban life, and
the spontaneous movement in cultural activities and roles of management agencies in the
communities.
Keywords: Cultural life, Social Housing Building, Hanoi
tugng xa hgi mdi" nen khdng it cac van de
1. Dat van de
Trong nhung nam gan day, d Thu dd Ha kinh tl - xa hgi dang dat ra d day ddi hdi phai
Ndi Cling nhu d mdt so dja phuong khac tren dugc tim hieu mgt each thau dao, nhat la ve
pham vi ca nude, sir hinh thanh va tdn tai ddi sing van hda cua nhiing cu dan sdng d
eiia cac khu NOXH dugc xem nhu la mdt nhung khu NOXH. Bai viet gdp phin lam
hien tugng xa hgi mdi. Co the noi, day la ro van de nay qua nghien ciiu thuc te cdng
mdt chii tmong, dong thdi ciing la mgt chinh dong cu dan d cac khu NOXH'.
sach Idn ciia Dang va Nha nude nham ho trg 2. Ngudn du lieu, dia ban va dac trimg
cac gia dinh cd thu nhap thap on dinh ddi nhan khau xa hgi cua cir dan tren dia ban
song, qua dd gdp phan vao viec phat tiien nghien ciin
xa hdi ben vitiig trong tien tiinh cong nghiep
Nghien ciiu lira chgn khu NOXH
hda, hien dai hda. Tuy nhien, do la "mdt hien thudc khu do thi Dang Xa^ va khu do thi

(•). {•") xhS., Vien Xa hdi hgc, Vien Han lam Khoa hpc
' Dugc quy dinh tai khoan 7, DiSu 3, Luat Nh^ d
xa hgi Viet Nam, Email: , nam 2014.
xuanhatay@gmail,com
^Khu NOXH Dang Xa nam canh qudc lo 5 tren dia
<••' PGS.TS., Vien Xa hoi hoe, Vien Han lam Khoa ban 3 xa Co Bi, Trau Quy, Phii Thi thuge huyen Gia
hgc xa hoi Viet Nam;
Lam, Ha Ngi, duge coi la khu NOXH "tien phong",
Email-
hinh thanh nam 2012.


Linh Dam' de khao sat nham tim hieu su
khac biet tiong ddi sdng van hda giiia khu
NOXH nam dtiongva ngoai thanh Ha Ngi.
Vdi dac thii cua cac hg gia dinh sdng trong
khu NOXH, nghien ciiu su dung phuong
phap dinh tinh, phdng van sau 30 tmdng
hgp chia deu cho ca hai khu dai dien eho
cac nhdm ddi tugng gdm 15 nam gidi va
15 nii gidi nham hudng den cd cai nhin da
chieu ve ddi sdng van hda cdng ddng ciia
cac nhdm cu dan noi day.
Cu dan song trong hai khu NOXH tai
dia ban khao sat chu yeu xuat than d ndng
thon, tir nhieu viing, mien, tinh/thanh den
Ha Ngi lap nghiep tiong khoang mdt hai
chuc nam trd lai day. Tudi ddi cua cac
chii hd dao dgng tiong khoang tir 25 den
45 tuoi. Ve nghe nghiep, hg lam viec tap

tmng d ba nhdm chinh, dd la: nhdm can
bg, cdng nhan, vien chiic nha nude; nhdm
lire lugng vii trang nhan dan; nhdm lam
viec d khu vuc tu nhan, Iao dgng tu do va
ngi tig. Thu nhap cila cu dan tiong tda nha
ciing tucmg ddi da dang. Theo Hoang Vii
Linh Chi (2018), tinh trung binh thu nhap
ciia hg gia dinh d day dao ddng d miic
tir 10 trieu den 30 tiieu/thang va quy md
tmng binh ciia hd gia dinh la 3,6 ngudi vdi
hai the he. Chii hd cd trinh do hgc van tir
dai hgc trd len tuong ddi cao. Cu dan d
day chil yeu dua tien quan he chiic nang
va nghe nghiep, it chiu rang huge bdi cac
quan he lang gieng, hg hang nhu d cac
lang xa truyen thdng. Cd nhien ben canh
su tucmg ddng thi dieu nay ciing dan den
su khac biet ve van hda giiia cac nhdm cu
dan, dong thdi tao ra nhiing mo hinh tieu
van hda rieng biet trong khu NOXH.

' Khu NOXH Linh Dam nSm d phia Tay Nam Linh
Dam thudc khu do thj Linh Dam, quan Hoang Mai,
Ha Noi, dugc hinh thdnh tir n5m 2014.

3. Ndi dung nghien cuu
3.1. Nhiing bat cap trong viec sic dung
khdng gian cdng cdng
Khdng gian cdng cdng la khdng gian
chung eua cdng ddng danh eho cac hoat

dgng chung ciia mgi ngudi dan tiong cong
ddng nhu hanh lang, san choi, dit tilng, cay
xanh d cac khu NOXH. Theo Pham Sy Diing
(2015), d Ha Ndi, cac khdng gian cdng cong
chi chilm 0,3% dien tich chung ciia thanh ph6
va it hon 1 mVngudi. Ddi vdi cac khu NOXH,
khong gian cong cdng cang eo hep hon bdi
quy dit danh cho phat triln NOXH chi chilm
20%tiongtdng quy dattiongmoi khu dd thi^
va vi tri cua nhihig khu nha nay ciing thudng
d nhung noi khdng thuantiengiao thong nhu
cac khu nha d thuong mai. Theo quy dinh tai
khoan 1, Dilu 7, Nghi djnh s6 100/2015/NDCP ngay 20/10/2015, dien tich can bd cua
NOXH dao dgng tir 25m^ din dudi 70m^ do
dd cac can bd trong khu NOXH thudng dugc
thiet ke vdi khdng gian ben tiong chat hep,
gidi ban ve dien tich sir dung. Do vay, ngudi
dan thudng sir dung khdng gian chung de giai
quylt nhiing nhu cau smh boat ciia gia dmh
khi cin thilt. Dieu nay ciing lam nay sinh
mau thuan giira mgt sd cu dan ve tinh trang
sii dung khdng gian chung.
Kit qua dilu tra tai hai dia ban cho
thiy, cu dan mac dinh cho rang, khdng gian
chung ben "dit quanh nha cd the sir dung
dugc" nhu tmyen thong sinh boat lang xa
ma hg da dugc xa hdi hda ''Mang qudn do
ra phai a ngoai hdnh lang, chd hdnh lang
ndy gdn nhd tdi thi minh cii nghT nhu cdi
bd rdo. bd dau dy. Nd Id hien mdi nhd nhd

tdi tdi diing, trudc cua canh nhd tdi la tdi

= Xem them: Khoan 2, Dieu 16, Luat Nha d nSm
2014; Khoan I, Dihu 5, Nghi dinh sd 100/2015/NDCP ngay 20/10/2015 do Chinh phii ban hanh ve phat
trien va quan ly nha d xa hgi.


42

Thdng Hn Khoa hoe xa hoi. so 12.2019

Ngoai van de su dung khong gian hanh
diing. chii sao tdi Igi khdng dugc dung,
khdng dugc phep sic dung" (Nu, giang vien lang, viec sii dung thang may khdng diing
dai hgc, 38 tudi, Linh Dam, phan anh lai muc dich (van chuyen gas,...) va sii dung
y kien cua cu dan) hay "Do dien tich sic bip gas, bip than td ong trong eae tda
dung nd be qud. Chd phai khdng cd nen NOXH ciing la v i n dl dang dugc quan tam,
ngudi ta phdi phai ra cdu thang bd, phoi ra day ciing la nguyen nhan dan den nhirng
hdnh lang. Dien tich nhd thi qud be, khdng va cham giiia cac cu dan chung cu. "Minh
dugc dua bat ky cdi gi ra ngodi hit. thi chd thdy anh chd binh gas din ddi vdo thang
ndo ngudi ta phoi dugc''' (Nii, vien chiic, mdy dua gas lin tdng 15. Minh khdng cho
35 tudi, Dang Xa). Theo Hoang Vu Linh VI chd bdng thang mdy qud bdng bom no
Chi (2018), cd den 67% ngudi sinh sdng chdm. Nhung chi chit binh gas kien quyet
tai khu NOXH cd nguon gdc cu tru ngoai nen minh cung ddnh chiu" (Nam, nhan vien
Ha Ngi vdi khoang 45,6% ngudi song d van phong, 39 tudi, Linh Dam).
Ha Ndi dudi 10 nam. Do vay, cu dan tai
Co thi thiy, cdng ddng cu dan sdng
dia ban khao sat vdn quen sdng tiong cac trong khu NOXH thudc nhieu thanh phan
lang xdm khep kin nen van hda ling xir cua
xa hdi khac nhau cimg vdi su khac biet ve

hg ciing theo nhiing tap tuc thdi quen nay
miic sdng, nghe nghiep, trinh do hgc van,
(Xem them: Pham Thanh Tiing, 2013). Tuy
van boa viing mien, Idi sdng nen de xay ra
nhien, van hda lang xa khdng phu hgp vdi
nhiing mau thuan, tham chi xung dot trong
ddi song do thi mdi.
sir dung khdng gian cdng cdng giira cac
Ve viec sir dung hanh lang chung, theo nhdm cu dan, nhat la giiia nhdm can bd
quy dinh cua khu NOXH, khdng gian chung cdng chiic, vien chite nha nude vdi nhdm
khong dugc sir dung cho muc dich rieng Iao dgng tu do. Dieu nay vo hinh ehung lam
ciia cac gia dinh'. Tuy nhien, do san choi giam sir gan ket giiia hg vdi nhau.
tai cac khu NOXH qua nhd, hon niia mgt
Nhirng mau thuan trong sinh boat va
phin khdng gian nay lai bi chiem dung de sir dung cac khdng gian cdng cdng the hien
lam quan ban hang, do dd hanh lang chung do chenh nhat dinh giiia loi sdng ndng thon
tid thanh san choi cua tie nhd. ''Khdnggian vdi van minh do thi. Vdi miic thu nhap thip,
hdnh lang ddng le nd phdi thodng dang ngudi dan phai tu dieu chinh dl cd thi sing
nhung day thi do todn nhimg nhd chdt choi dugc trong dieu kien hien tai, theo do, tai cac
lai CO con nhd. nin la di troi di xe lac. xe khu NOXH da dan hinh thanh mdt md hinh
dap, xe ndi nd bdy day ra ngodi hdnh lang, van hoa kha dac thii - md hinh dan xen giiia
nhdt Id budi chiiu di vi thi thdi roi khdng
16i sing nong tiion va Idi song dd thi. Md
cdn dudng di" (Nam, nhan vien van phong,
hinh ay bit dau ngay tir nhiing diia tie. "Tre
35 tuoi, Linh Dam). Dieu nay lam cho sir
con d day hdn nhien Idm. Chung nd choi d
yen tTnh cua cac hd gia dinh bi pha vd, tre
hdnh lang, md cu hi nhd minh md cua Id
Idn hon khd cd khong gian yen tinh de tap

chiing nd ua vdo. Nhiiu khi din dem chiing
tmng hgc bai.
nd khdng vi. ca md dudi thi khdng ddm vi
so chung nd Igi vi ndi vdi bd me. Nhiiu khi
cicphdi ndi kheo, Id thdi din gid an cam cdc
' Xem: Thong tu sd 02/2016/TT-BXD ngay
15/02/2016 cua Bg Xay dung ban hanh Quy ehe con ve an com di, roi mai lai choi tiip nhe"
(Nu, ban hang, 42 moi, Lmh Dam).
quan ly, su dung nha ehung eu.


43
Hon niia, dac diem cua khu NOXH
la cac can hg dugc thiet ke theo day, liln
nhau, cac cua chinh ra vao cua cac can hd
dii dien nhau, vi vay, nhiing thdi quen sinh
boat hang ngay cua cac gia dmh ciing cd sir
anh hudng nhat dinh den cac cu dan xung
quanh, nhu nau nudng, nghe nhac,... "Vi
thiet ke nhd nho qud. he thdng bdo chdy
Igi qud nhgy, cu khet mgt cdi Id nd keu dm
len, nd keu todn khu ludn. Sau day mdi phdt
Men la cdi nhd ndy hg hay ndu lam chdy
dd. hoge ho hay dung do nudng" (Nam,
ky su, 45 tudi, Linh Dam). Ben canh do,
do dien tich cac can bg nhd, khdng cd he
thong each am nen khi cd gia dinh md nhac
vdi am thanh Idn hay tu tap, hd bet,... cung
phien den nhung can hd ke ben. "Vi cdc
nhd thiet ki sdt nhau nen la hg qudt mang

con. lam cdi gi dm dm len la minh diu biet
cd. Tham chi ngdy chu nhdt thi hg bat nhac
dm Tiin trong khi nhiing bdn nhac do minh
Igi khdng thich nghe hogc hdm dd minh cd
nhu cdu lam viec chdng hgn (Nii, ban hang,
30 tudi, Linh Dam).
Nhu vay, cd the ndi ddi sdng van hda
cua cdng ddng cu dan tiong cac khu NOXH
tai Ha Ndi bien thdi dang gap khdng it
nhiing bat cap, nguyen nhan khong chi do
sy han hep ve cac ca sd vat chat, ma cdn la
sir va cham trong nhiing thdi quen va nep
song da dugc dinh hinh ttr tmdc cua cac
nhom xa hgi khac nhau dang ciing chung
song tiong mgt khu nha.
3.2. Xu thi "ndng thdn hda" ddi sdng
vdn hda dd thi
Khi dk cap din tinh hien dai va qua trinh
hien dai hoa, nha xa hgi hgc ngudi Diic la
Ferdinand Toennies (1855-1936) cho ring,
cac xa hgi se chuyen dan tir mdi quan he
cong ding gin bd ciia hg hang, hang xdm
sang mdi quan he theo chiic nang giiia nhung
ngudi khdng quen bilt cua ddi sdng dd thi

(Dan theo: Macionis, 1987: 747). Theo dd,
khi chuyen tir ndng thdn ra sinh sdng d do
thi, nhat la d nhiing khu dd thi mdi, tit ylu
ngudi ta se bi dd thi hda theo cac quan he
chiic nang giiia nhiing ngudi khdng quen

biet. Do dugc xay dung tich hgp trong khu
do thi Linh Dam va Dang Xa, nen cu dan
sdng trong khu NOXH cd the su dung chung
CO sd ha tang, trong dd cd khdng gian san
chai cua khu dd thi. Tai cac khu NOXH,
xuat hien hiSn tugng "nong thdn hda" ddi
sdng d dd thi. Mdt sd cu dan tan dung cac
khdng gian sinh boat chung de budn ban,
khien cho quanh canh khdng gian chung
trd nen khong dep mat. "Nhieu cu ddn sdng
trong khu do thi khdng cd cdng viec on dinh.
Ho mang dd d que lin bdn hogc la md mdt
qudn nude d dudi sdn lam cho khdng gian
chung nd cu nhech nhdc ra, khdng theo mdt
quy hoach ndo cd" (Nii, giang vien dai bgc,
38 tudi, Linh Dam).
Cac khdng gian ben ngoai khu NOXH
deu dugc tan dung cho nhieu muc dich khac
nhau cua ngudi dan. Ngay ca phan dudng
danh cho giao thong ciing bi chiem giii lam
noi luyen tap the thao bay kinh doanh budn
ban. "Sdn choi budi chiiu bien thdnh nai
budn bdn hdng. Ngudi thi bdn hoa qud.
ngudi thi bdn biin mien cii bdy ddy ra sdn
choi cho tre con. Cdc chdu chi chai dugc
mdt ti a bdi ddt trdng. Cin dua be mgt goc,
nhOng dica lan mgt gdc. Co md chiing nd
cung biit nhudng nhau, cu dua ndy vdo
chai thi dua kia thdi" (Nii, ban bao hiem,
29 tudi, Linh Dam).

Tuy nhien, nhin tir mgt gdc do khac,
chinh su gin giii, than thien giiia tie nhd
va ddi khi ciia ca ngudi Idn lai dong vai trd
hit siic quan trgng nhu sgi day vo hinh ket
ndi cac gia dinh qua lai vdi nhau. Khac vdi
cac khu chung cu thuong mai, mli quan he
hang xdm than tinh hay moi lien kit cdng


44
ddng da bi phai nhat, "den nha ai nha day
rang" (Dinh Diic Thien, 2018) thi trai lai
d khu NOXH dudng nhu khdng gian sinh
boat theo kieu eong ddng, cdng cam theo
kieu "tiong hg ngoai lang" lai dugc hdi
sinh d noi day. "Tre con nd cUng Id su gan
kit chung giiia cdc ho gia dlnh vl nd hon
nhien md. Cic hd ra nhd ndo md cica la tre
con nd lai di vdo. Nhu thi thi cdc me mdi
cd CO hoi sang nhd nhau, chic nhu nhd minh
con lan rdi thi thinh thodng mdi sang chdo
hdi ti thdi, cUng khdng thdn thiet nhu cdc
me cd con nhd dugc" (Nu, nhan vien van
phdng, 45 tudi, Linh Dam).
Nhiing khu NOXH thudng dugc quy
hoach d vimg ven dd, tren nen hay ngay
canh nhirng thdn lang, noi ma van hda ling
xur van theo each lang xa tmyen thdng.
Theo dd, nhung cu dan mdi den ciing mang
ca van hda lang xa ciia minh vao do, tham

chi cd nhiing hd con cd ca cha me d ciing
- nhirng ngudi cd nep sdng, each giao tiep
va kinh nghiem lien ket cong ddng rat linh
boat. "Cdc bd thi cic xudng dudi sdn chai
vdi nhau, xudng dd thi quen nhau nhanh
lam. Tudn ndy thdy lai bdo di chua d San
Tay. Cdc bd cd tudn d day ciing khdng
chdn" (Nii, ngi trg, 29 tudi. Dang Xa).
Thong qua viec sir dung khoang san
choi chung, ngudi cao tudi den tir cac viing
mien khac nhau ty lap nen mgt nhdm va
td chiic nhiing budi di choi, tham quan
da ngoai phii hgp vdi sd thich rieng. Cdn
nhom it tudi hon khong cd nhieu thdi gian
de tham gia cac boat ddng chung, khi cd
thdi gian ranh rdi, hg thudng nghi ngai tai
nha xem ti vi, nghe nhac, tio chuyen vdi
hang xdm hoac ni nhau ngdi d cac hang
quan xung quanh khu chung cu.
Nhu vay, ddi song van hda d cac khu
NOXH mang dam net ddi sdng cdng ddng
lang xa. Co nhien la tinh cdng ddng nay ciing

Thdng tin Khoa hoc xa h$i. sd 12.2019
can dugc each tan, ddi mdi nhieu hon niia de
phii hgp vdi Idi sdng hien dai. Vdi mgt dat
nude dang trong tien trinh cdng nghiep hda,
hien dai hda dat nude, sy dan cai giu^ cai cii
va cai mdi, giiia loi sdng ndng thdn va loi
song dd thi nhu hien nay la tit yeu.

3.3 Tinh tu phdt trong sinh hogt vdn
hda cdng ddng vd vai trd cua cdc co quan
qudn ly
Hau het cac khu do thi mdi khi quy
hoach va xay dyng deu chua chii tigng den
cong tac quan ly va cham lo ddi sdng van
hda cho cdng ddng dan cu. Nhu cau sinh
boat van hda cdng ddng cua cac cu dan khu
dd thi thudng xuyen bi tba ndi mang tinh
ty phat khdng theo chii tmong dinh hudng
(Le Thi Huong Hue, 2013). Khi tim hilu
sau hon ddi sdng van boa ciia cu dSn d
hai khu NOXH, cac boat ddng cdng ddng
chii yeu dugc hinh thanh mdt each ty phat.
Khu Linh Dam xay dyng sau khu Dang Xa,
hon niia sd can bg trong mdi tang it hon va
khdng gian hanh lang it va hep hem, vi vay
cae sinh hoat cdng ddng cua tang kha nhdn
nhip. "O tdng minh thi vui lam, sudt ngdy
an udng lien hoan tu tap. Nhieu khi minh di
Idm ve mudn khdng ndu dugc com cdn sang
hdng xdm xin an com nhd" (Nii, vien chiic,
42 tuoi, Linh Dam); "O tdng thi ngodi viec
Ban qudn tri tda nhd td chuc cdc budi nhu
1/6 hay trung thu cho cdc con thi a cdc tdng
cUng cd td chuc rieng" (Nir, nhan vien tu
van, 32 tudi, Linh Dam).
Cac boat dgng sinh boat cdng ddng tai
mli ting d khu Linh Dam kha phong phu
va da dang (nhu lien hoan ting, td chiic

cac ngay ll cho thieu nhi) tao su gin kit
giira cac cu dan sdng ciing mgt ting. Trong
khi dd, d khu Dang Xa lai khdng cd sy gin
ket chat che giua cac gia dinh. Viec sinh
boat edng ddng trong cimg mdt ting bi bd
ngo trong mgt thdi gian kha dai, sy gin kit


45
giCa cac hd gia dinh ciing tuong ddi Idng
leo, chi cd nhiing hd sdng canh nhau mdi
cd quan he xa giao chao hdi. "Hdng xdm
thi hdu nhu ai cung thdn thien, vd Igi minh
ciing khdng va chgm vdi ngudi ta nhieu.
Ngudi ta den chdo nhau hogc thinh thodng
Tet nhdt thi sang nhd nhau choi the thdi;
Khong phdi nd qud rgng md minh cung di
tie sdng din tdi. vi xong thi minh cung com
nude, con cdi khdng cd nhieu thdi gian de
digiao luu" (Nii, 32 tudi. Dang Xa).
Quan he giiia cae cu dan trong tang tai
khu Dang Xa khdng cd sy than thiet nhu
cac cu dan sdng tai khu Linh Dam. Nhin
chung giao tiep giiia cu dan cung mdt ting
d day chi dimg d miic chao hdi hoac sang
chuc tung nhau nhiing ngay le, tet. Ly do
chil yeu la do cu dan di lam xa, budi tdi cdn
lo cho gia dinh nen khdng cd thdi gian giao
Iiru vdi cac can hd cung tang. Hon niia,
mgt sd gia dinh khong tham gia sinh hoat

cong dong trong tang vi co su pba trgn giiia
ngudi mua nha va ngudi thue nha. "Luc
dau vi thi 36 hd nhung cd 35 hd a, 1 cho
thue, sau nua ndm thi 36 hg chi cdn 30 hd
6. ddn ddn la mdt niia a mdt niia cho thue.
Vi lam sao? Vl Id ddn chinh cu thi ngudi
ta vdn sinh hogt nhung ddn di thue ngudi
ta khdng sinh hogt. Sinh hogt thi ngudi ta
khdng dong gdp vl tdi chi a day it bira tdi
di" (Nu, giang vien dai hgc, 35 tudi, Dang
Xa). Trong khi nhung ngudi sd hiiu can hg
tai khu NOXH quan niem day la noi d dn
dinh, gan bd lau dai va sinh boat cdng ddng
la su gan ket eu dan cimg tang thi nhiing
ngudi thue nha lai cd cam giac cugc sdng
ciia hg tai cac can hd cho thue chi nhu la
mgt chon "di-ve" va hau nhu hg khdng
tham gia vao khdng gian sinh boat cdng
dong va ciing khdng cd y dinh sdng lau dai.
Co the ndi, mdt sd boat ddng, thdi quen
ciia cu dan d khu NOXH mac du chi mang

tinh ty phat eua chinh ngudi dan song ciing
can xem xet d chieu canh khac, do la vai tid
ciia td chiic, hay cu the hon la vai trd cua
td dan phd. Doi vdi khu NOXH Linh Dam,
cho den nay van chua cd td dan pho, trong
khi td dan phd d khu Dang Xa da hoat ddng
tir kha lau. Cae sinh boat van hda cdng
ddng tai khu Linh Dam do Ban quan tii toa

nha td chiic, chu yeu tap trung d cac boat
ddng nhu ngay Tit Thilu nhi, Tit Trung
thu, Ngay Qudc t l Phu nii,...; cdn nhiing
sinh boat cdng ddng khac nhu cac cau lac
bd bdng da, bdng ban van hinh thanh ty
phat do cac cu dan sdng trong tda nha khdi
xudng. Ban quan tri tda nha thudng uu tien
cho nhiing ngay le thudng nien trong nam
hem la quan tam den cac boat dgng mang
tinh giai tii ve mat tinh than hang ngay cua
ngudi dan. Ngugc lai d khu NOXH Dang
Xa, do CO td dan phd nen sinh hoat cong
dong d day dien ra kha sdi ndi, khong chi
ve mat hinh thiic ma cdn tid thanh hdi thi
giiia cac td dan phd. "Em thdy ben do tien
ich khd dn, sinh hogt cdng ddng thi khd
phong phu. Khi nhap td ddn phd vdo cdc
thdn thi ben ndy cdn hogt ddng mgnh han
cdc thdn. Ocdc thdn thi todn nhiing dng bd
gid cdn minh thi todn khu gia dlnh tre. Mgi
ngudi iing hd rdt Id nhiet tinh. Nhu hdm
vij-a rdi cd td chuc vdn nghi chdo mimg
10/10, huy ddng tic thanh nien, tre con, phu
nit mdt tiit muc cdn din 18-20 ngudi, song
chi 2 ngdy sau Id du qudn sd vd con dugc
gidi nhi co" (Nu, nhan vien van phdng, 42
tudi, Dang Xa).
Cac hoat dgng sinh hoat cdng dong d
khu NOXH Dang Xa deu do to dan phd
dimg len keu ggi va dugc ngudi dan hudng

ling kha nhiet tinh. Dieu dd khdng chi tao
sy gin kit giiia cac cu dan trong tda nha ma
cdn la su gan ket giita nhdm cu dan ciia tda
nha vdi nhdm cu dan ciia cac lang xa lan


46
can. Mat khac, do gan vdi nhung tda thuong
mai nen khu NOXH ciing dugc hudng tien
ich ve khdng gian the due the thao ciia cac
toa nay; khu do thi Dang Xa thanh lap ddi
bdng FC Dang Xa, trong do cu dan ciia khu
NOXH ciing cimg tham gia sinh boat chung.
"Khu nhd em thi bao hdm cd khu DgngXd.
FC Ddng Xd la ciia cd khu thi khu nhd em
cUng cd mdt vdi cdu thu tham gia. O dudi
tdng mdt cua cdc tda ben khu thuang mgi
thi cd nhiing tda cd cd bdn di ddnh bdng
bdn cho mgi ngudi thi due, the thao budi
chieu" (Nam, nhan vien van phdng, 35 tudi.
Dang Xa). Dieu nay cho thay, td dan phd
dong vai tio khdng the thieu, viec td chire
va quan ly cua td dan phd lam cho cac nhu
cau sinh hoat van hda cdng ddng ciia ngudi
dan cd the tid thanh mgt dgng lye trong viec
tang cudng doan ket ciia cu dan trong cimg
mdt tda nha, mdt khu dan cu.
4. Ket luan
Nhu vay cd the ndi, ciing gidng nhu
mgi dia ban sinh sdng khac, nhu cau ve van

hda, nhat la nhu cau ve sinh hoat van hda
cdng dong cua cu dan trong cac khu NOXH
la rat Idn. Dd khdng chi la dudng xa di lai,
chg, bai dd xe, san choi cho tre em, vudn
cay bdng mat cho cac cu gia nghi ngoi thu
gian, ma cdn ca nhiing khu dat trong, bai
tap hay nha thi dau cho thanh nien bay
nhiing ngudi thich ren luyen the due the
thao... Nhin chung, nhung khdng gian cdng
cdng nhu vay d cac khu NOXH tai Ha Ngi
hien nay con rat thieu vang.
Do thieu cac khdng gian cong cong nen
cugc sdng thudng nhat ciia cu dan trong cac
khu NOXH trd nen chat chdi va hire boi,
khdng it cac mau thuan va xung dot da xay
ra. Cugc sdng cang trd nen phien ha hon
khi hau het cac cu dan d day deu den tir cac
tinh khac, do do hg mang theo ca nhiing
thdi quen va tap quan sinh hoat, ngon tir.

Thdng Hn Khoa hoc xa hdi. sd 12.2019
giao tiep... d dia phuong vao khu chung cu.
Ndi each khac, dd la nhung bieu hien sinh
dgng cua xu the "ndng thdn hda do thi" ma
nhiing hg gia dinh d day deu phai cd gang
de sdng hda hgp trong dieu kien hien tai.
Tuy nhien, ben canh nhiing khd khan va
phiic tap dd, sy vui choi giiia tie con cimg
cac boat ddng the thao, yoga,... hay nhu cau
di chua ciing la sgi day ket ndi cac gia dinh,

nhiing ngudi cao tuoi, nhiing ngudi cd cimg
sd thich gan nhau hem. Neu nhu d khu Linh
Dam la sy lien ket d moi mdt tang chung cu,
thi d Dang Xa nhd cd td dan phd nen tinh
than doan ket dugc md rgng den cac lang
xa hay doan the khae. Dudng nhu tinh cong
ddng lang xa dang dugc phuc sinh tiong
nhiing dieu kien mdi. Day chinh la dieu ma
cac cap quan ly can quan tam hem trong tien
trinh xay dyng ddi sdng van hda d cac khu
dd thi nay hien nay Q
Tai lieu tham khao
1. Hoang Vii Linh Chi (2018), £)d«/i^/a
muc do hdi long cua cu ddn vi nhd d
xd hdi tgi Hd Ndi, Bao cao nghien cihi,
Vien Xa hdi hgc.
2. Pham Sy Diing (2015), "Khdng gian
cong cong, mdt khai niem can dugc
nhin nhan", Tgp chi Kiin true, sd 10.
3. Macionis John J. (1987), Xd hdi hoc,
Nxb. Thdng ke. Ha Ndi.
4. PhEim Thanh Tiing (2013), "Sdng theo
chieu thang diing", Tgp chi Kiin trite,
so I.
5. Dinh Diic Thien (2018), Qudn ly ddi
sdng vdn hda trong cdc khu dd thi mdi
d Hd Ngi, Luan an tiln sT Van hda hgc,
Vien Van boa Nghe thuat quoc gia
Viet Nam.
6. LeThiHuangHue(2013),"Quanlyddi

song van hoa cac khu do thi mdi d Ha
Ndi", Tgp chi Vdn hda Nghe thugt, sd 6.