Nhận diện các tổ chức phi lợi nhuận ở việt nam hiện nay

Nhan dien cac to chirc phi loi nhuan
6^ Viet Nam hien nay
Nguyen Thanh T h u y
Tom tat: Cdc to chiec phi lpi nhudn a Viet Nam ra dai tie nhUng ndm 1990 du&i nhieu tin
gpi nhu cdc quy, cdc hpi, cdc to chuc phi chinh phu (NGO), cde to chuc ddn su, v.v...,
hogt dpng mang tinh chdt phi lpi nhudn, sau ndy (tu ndm 2013) duoc gpi chinh thUc la
cdc to chiic phi lpi nhudn. Hien nay, cdc to chiec ndy dang thiiu mpt hdnh lang phdp ly
ho tra phil hpp, dieu ndy dnh huang triec tiip t&i qud trinh hogt dpng vd phdt triin cua
edc to chiie. Cdc to chuc phi lai nhudn & Viet Nam hien nay, ddc biet la ede to chiec phi
ehinh phu. hogt dpng khd da dgng, dem lgi nhieu Ion ich cho suphdt triin ddt nu&e, the
hi^n qua mpt so vai tro nhu: ho trpr tdi chinh, gidi quyet ede vdn de cpng dong, chia se
kinh nghiem vd thong tin.
Tir khoa: Tfl chde xa hpi, Tfl chde phi lpi nhudn, Tfl chiic phi chinh phii
Abstract: Non-profit organizations (NPOs) characterized by non-profit
activities
have emerged in Vietnam since the 1990s under a number of different names such as
funds, associations, non-governmental organizations, civil society organizations, etc.
They have officially been known as non-profit organizations since 2013. However,
there is a dearth of a legal framework for NPOs in Vietnam, which directly affect
their operations and development. These organizations, especially the group of nongovernmental ones, run a range of varied activities including financial support,
community issues solving, knowledge and information sharing which benefit the
national development
process.
Keywords: Social Organization, Nonprofit Organization, Non-governmental Organization

1. Md dau
Ndra trong he thdng cae td chuc xa hpi,
cdc to chuc phi lpi nhuan d Viet Nam hifln
nay ngay cdng md rpng vfl sfl lupng vd da
dang frong cdc hinh thiic hoat dpng. Cdc
to chuc nay dupe biet dfln vdi nhiflu hinh

thuc khac nhau (nhu cac quy, hfli, v.v...),
muc tieu chung la huomg tdi phdt trifln cpng
dflng, dac trung la hoat dpng mang tinh chdt
phi lpi nhudn. C> Viet Nara, tu nam 2013
cac tfl chue nay moi chinh thuc dupe gpi la
edc td chde phi lpi nhudn, mac du da ra doi
tu nhihig nam 1990.

(•' ThS., Vien Xa hfli hpc, Vi?n Han lam Khoa hgc xa
J"^ "^"B dpng CUa cac tfl chuc phi loi
hOiVi?t Nam; Email:
nhuan trong cac hoat dpng chuyfln biflt


Th6ny fill 1

dang gop phdn tao dyng syflndinh va phat
frifln ciia xd hpi. Tuy nhifln, vi the xa hpi
cua cac tfl chde nay chua dupe danh gia cao
ddn tdi sy dflng gflp dfli vdi cac chinh sdch
phat trifln va giam sat hoat dflng cua doanh
nghiflp va Nha nude chua tirong xung vdi
khd nang cua hp (Vu Duy Phu, 2008). Cdc
td chirc phi loi nhudn d Viet Nam hifln nay
ciing chua thyc sy dupe eong nhdn va ho
fro bdi mpt hdnh lang phap ly phii hpp,
diflu do tdc dpng va anh hudng khflng nhfl
tdi boat dflng cua cac tfl chuc nay, tu dd
dnh huflng mot each gidn tiflp tdi lpi ich

cpng dflng.
Trfln ca sd tflng quan tai lieu, bdi viflt
khdi quat vfl cac to chuc phi lpi nhudn d
Vipt Nam hipn nay trfln ba khia canh: i)
the chfl phap ly ho tip thanh lap cac td
ehiic phi loi nhudn; ii) quan niem vfl cac
tfl chiic phi lpi nhudn; vd iii) vai tio cua
cdc tfl chuc phi lpi nhuan frong phat trifln
ddt nude.
2. Co' so* phap ly ciia viec thanh lap cac to
chuc phi loi nhuan
Dfl cap tdi CO sd phap ly eiia viec thanh
lap cac to chiic phi lpi nhuan, tmdc het cdn
dfl cap dfln CO sd phap ly cua viec thanh lap
hfli d Viet Nam, bdi day co thfl coi la tifln de
quan trpng ddu tifln va ciing la co sd phdp
ly CO lifln quan tryc tiflp tdi cac to chuc phi
lpi nhuan d Viet Nam hien nay ttong bfli
cdnh ludt phap chua dua ra mpt hanh lang
phap ly phii hpp vdi dae tnmgriflngcua cac
to chuc nay.
Tai Nghi dinh sfl 88/2003/ND-CP
ngay 30/7/2003 ciia Chinh phu, nguyfln tdc
boat dpng cua cac hpi duoc quy dinh la: ty
nguyfln, tir quan, ty ttang ttai kinh phi va
chju frach nhiflm tmdc phap luat. Tai Nghi
dinh sfl 45/2010/ND-CP ngdy 21/4/2010

eiia Chinh phu, nguyfln tac nay (Diflu 3)
da dupe bo sung la "khong vi mue dich lpi

nhu|in", diflu dd dong nghTa voi quan diflm
va myc dich boat dOng mang tinh chdt "phi
lpi nhudn, lpi ich", huomg tdi phat trifln
cflng dflng, phat trifln xa hpi.
Nghi dinh so 30/2012/ND-CP ngay
12/4/2012 cua Chinh phii vfl tfl chuc, hoat
dflng ciia quy xa hpi, quy td thifln co thfl
coi la rapt van ban phdp ly gop phdn md
rpng nhom doi tupng cac hpi, td chiic hoat
dpng vi muc dich phi lpi nhuan. Mpt frong
nhung nguyfln tae ddu tien dupe dua ra la
thdnh lap va hogt dpng khong vi lai nhuan
(Diflu 4) vd cd tu each phap nhdn (tuong ty
nhu vdi quy dinh tai Nghi dinh sfl 45/2010/
ND-CP ngay 21/4/2010 cua Chinh phii).
Ciing theo cac Nghi dinh sfl 45/2010/NDCP ngay 21/4/2010, Nghi dinh sfl 30/2012/
ND-CP ngay 12/4/2012 ciia Chinh phu
hay Thflng hr sfl 11/2010/TT-BNV ngay
26/11/2010 va Thflng tii sfl 02/2013/TTBNV ngay 10/4/2013 ciia Bp Npi vu thi
nhung hpi, to chuc hoat dpng vdi muc dich
phi lpi nhudn nhung khong ed tu cdch phap
nhan khdng nam tiong quy dinh nay. 6 mpt
khia canh khdc, Nghi dinh sd 12/2012/NDCP ngdy 1/3/2012 cua Chinh phu vfl ddng
ky va qudn ly boat dpng cua cdc tfl chiic
phi lpi nhudn nude ngoai tai Viet Nam tiflp
tuc eho thay sy quan tdra tdi cac nhflm, cac
tfl chuc dupe thdnh lap vdi muc dich phi
lpi nhudn.
Dfln nam 2013, Nghi dinh sfl 116/2013/
ND-CP ngay 4/10/2013 cua Chinh phu

duoc ban hanh da khang dinh sy tfln tai
mpt each chinh thiic cua cac to chiic phi lpi
nhudn d Viet Nam. Theo do, tfl chue phi lpi
nhuan dupe thdnh lap dudi cdc hinh thdc
sau: NGO nude ngoai, quy xa hpi, quy tir


Rhan dien cac td churc phi lpi nhuan..
thien. Nghi dinh ndy da tao co sd phap ly
quan tipng giup hinh thanh vd thuc day sy
phat trifln mpt each chinh danh ciia cac td
chiic phi lpi nhudn tai Viflt Nam.
3. Quan niem ve to chirc phi Ipi nhuan
Theo nghifln ciiu ciia Brian Tomlison,
Canada AidWatch (2013), td chuc xa hpi
cfl thfl dupe dinh nghTa bao gdm todn bfl
nhiing tfl ehiic phi thuong mai va phi chinh
phu (loai tni nhung tfl chuc xdy dyng mfl
hinh theo hinh thuc huyflt thong). To chue
xa hpi bao gom nhiing tfl chiic dupe thanh
lap theo hinh thai cpng dong dan cu vd hpi
nhom ldng xa, hpi nong dan, cac tfl chuc
niflm tin - ton gido, lifln doan lao dpng, tfl
hpp tac, hpi nhom chuyfln mdn, hiep hpi
thuong mai, cac vifln nghifln ciiu dpc lap
hay cac co quan tmyfln thong phi lpi nhudn.
Vdi quan niflm ndy, tinh phi thuang mai,
phi lpi nhudn, khong nha nude va boat
dflng frong mpt khflng gian cdng cflng co
thfl coi la dac trung co ban ciia cac tfl chde

xa hpi. Diflu d6 dong nghia vdi quan diflm
cho rang tinh phi lpi nhudn cd the coi la
ddc trung quan frpng vd chu yflu ciia cac to
chiic xa hpi. Nhu vdy, to chiec phi lpi nhudn
CO the coi la mpt phdn hoae la chinh bdn
thdn cde to chiec xd hpi & mpt chimg muc
ndo do.
Luat Tu thifln nude Cong hoa nhan
dan Tmng Hoa nam 2016 cong nhan danh
nghTa hoat dpng vi lpi ich cflng cpng cho
hai nhom to chuc: To chiec xd hpi - phuc
loi vd To ehiic phi lai nhudn - phuc lai
(Diflu 10). Theo do, To chuc x a h p i - phiic
lpi bao gflm quy, tfl chuc tir thifln hoac tfl
chue cpng dong khac dupe thanh lap theo
phap ludt va boat dpng nham tang cuomg
phiic lpi cflng cpng. To chuc phi lpi nhudn
- phiic lpi la hinh thiic to chuc, vifln hoat

37
dpng trong linh vyc giao dye, nghifln ciiu
khoa hpc, sdc khoe cdng cong, thuflc chua
benh dupe thanh lap theo phap luat... ciing
boat dpng nhdm tang cuomg phuc lpi cflng
cpng. Theo quan niflra nay thi to chuc phi
loi nhudn Id cdc to chiec hogt dpng v&i
muc tiiu hu&ng t&i cpng dong, ddm bdo
vd tdng cu&ng phiic lai cong cpng cho mpi
nguai ddn.
Tmdc khi Nghi dinh sfl 116/2013/ND/

CP cua Chinh phii Viet Nam dupe ban
hanh, dua ttfln nhiflu quy dinh dieu chinh
viec thanh lap vd hoat dpng cua cac tfl chiic
CO myc dich phi lpi nhuan ciing nhu ban
chat cua cac tfl chuc xa hpi, ed thfl thdy cdc
loai hinh tfl chuc phi lpi nhudn bao gflm:
C a sd bdo ttp xa hpi (bao gom cac ca sd
do nha nude thanti lap va tu nhan); Quy xd
hpi va quy tu thifln; Hpi; Td chuc khoa hpc
va cflng nghe; NGO quflc tfl (Lin, 2012).
Doanh nghiflp xa hpi ciing co the eoi la
mpt hinh thiic cua to chuc phi lpi nhudn.
Theo do, hai yflu td quan trpng dfl nhin ra
sy khac biflt giiia doanh nghiflp xa hfli va
doanh nghiflp thuong mai la: i) Myc tiflu
hoat dflng chinh nhdm giai quyet vdn de xd
hpi, moi trudng, vi lpi ich cpng dong; ii)
Su dung it nhat 5 1 % tong lpi nhudn hang
ndm cua doanh nghiflp dfl tai ddu tu nham
thye hifln mue tiflu xa hpi, moi tmong nhu
da dang ky.
Nghifln ciiu cua Bui Quang Dung
(2012) chi ra rang, cac to chuc thuflc khu
vyc phi lpi nhudn se tao ra mpt thanh tfl xa
hfli riflng, khac han vdi nhiing thanh tfl theo
dufli myc tiflu quyfln lye nha nude hoac lpi
nhudn thi tmdng; thanh to phi lpi nhuan
nay dupe gpi la "xa hpi dan sy". Vdi quan
niflm nhu vdy, co vfl nhu cdc td chiec phi lpi
nhuan chinh Id nhiing thdnh to cdu tgo nen

Thdng tin Khoa hoc xa hpi. so 11.201S
cdi gpi Id xd hpi ddn su hay la khu vuc ddn
su a Viet Nam hiin nay.
Tir ndm 2013, vdi sy ra ddi cua Nghi
dinh sfl 116/2013/ND-CP cua Chinh phu,
tfl chde phi lpi nhuan dupe dinh nghTa
la phdp nhdn hogc to chirc cd hogt dpng
chinh Id huy dpng hoae phdn bd vdn eho
ede muc dich tie thien. tdn gido, vdn hda,
gido due, xa hoi hogc muc dich tuang tu,
khong vi muc dich lai nhudn, bao gom
NGO nu&c ngodi. quyxd hoi, quy tu thiin
thdnh lap vd hogt dpng theo phdp lugt
Viet Nam. Quan niflm nay da dua ra hinh
dung rapt each ehinh thuc dau tifln vfl he
thflng tfl chiic phi lpi nhudn d Viet Nam
hifln nay.
Tii edc quan niflm trfln, ehiing tfli cho
rang: to ehiic phi lai nhudn Id nhicng to
chiec. quy, hpi, ca s& bdo tra xd hpi, cdc
to chiic khoa hpc vd cdng nghe, NGO hay
cdc doanh nghiip xd hpi. Cdc to chiec ndy
ddng ky tu cdch phdp nhdn vd hogt dpng
v&i muc tieu vi xa hpi, khong bao hdm lpi
ich cd nhdn md hu&ng t&i lai ich tap thi,
lai ich xd hpi. ldy muc tiiu phdt trien xd
hpi, phdt triin cpng dong de dinh huong
cho hogt dpng cua minh.

4. Vai tro ciia cac to chirc phi lpi nhuan
trong h3 trgr phat trien d Viet Nam hien
nay: trudng hpp cac to chuc phi chinh phu
Hifln nay, cac tfl chuc phi lpi nhuan
dang ngay cang phat trifln vdi nhieu linh
vyc boat dpng: van dpng ung hp nhdn
quyfln va bao ve mfli tmcmg, hoat dpng
nham chdm diit bao lyc dfli vdi phy nu vd
trfl em, hfl trp ngucri ngheo, phdt trifln van
hfla, giao dye, cham soc siic khfle,.... Cac
NGO thuong dupe coi la cac tfl chue phi
lpi nhudn cam kflt eho su phat trien ehung
cua quflc gia, vdi tipng tdm cung cdp dich

vu va hoat dpng tinh nguyen (ADB, 2011).
6 day, chiing toi tap trung tim hiflu vfl rapt
frong sd cdc lo^i hinh to chiic phi lpi nhusin
- do la cde NGO.
CJ Viet Nam hipn nay ed 2 loai hinh
NGO gflm: NGO trong nu&e vd NGO qudc
ti hogt dpng tgi Viet Nam. Cac NGO ttong
nude t^p tnmg vao ITnh vyc phdt trifln
thuong CO try sd d cac do thi va thyc hifln
cac vai ttd khac nhau. Cae NGO quflc tfl
tai Viet Nam ddng vai frd ro hon vfl cung
cdp dich vu chuyfln nganh va ky thuat so
voi cdc nude khac, dieu nay ciing phan
anh sy ghi nhan vai frd bd sung cua cac tfl
chde nay bfln canh ehinh phu vd cdc to chiic
qudn ehiing (ADB, 2011).

Vai tro eua cdc NGO frong hd trp phat
trifln d Viet Nam hifln nay dupe thfl hien d
mpt sfl mat sau:
a) Vai tro trong ho tra tdi chinh
Hoat dpng ho tip tai chinh cua cac
NGO chu yflu dien ra thflng qua cac NGO
quflc tfl, bfln canh do la sy phfli hpp giua
cac NGO frong nude va cac NGO quflc tfl.
Sfl lupng cac N G O quflc tfl co quan
he vdi Viet Nam tang tu 500 td chiic (nam
2003) Ifln 990 tfl chde (nam 2013) vdi han
28.000 dy dn dupe trifln khai frfln tong gia
tri gidi ngdn dat gan 2,4 ty USD. Gia tri
vien trp cua cac N G O qudc tfl d Viet Nam
tang len tren 100 tripu USD giai doan tu
nam 2004 dfln thang 4/2017 vdi tflng kinh
phi hon 3 ty USD va khoang gin 30.000
du an. Trong tong so gan 1.000 NGO
qudc tfl (tinh dfln thang 4/2017) hoat dpng
d Viet Nara, co tdi 7 6 , 1 % giii vai tro hfl
trp tai chinh, han 58,2% co vai trd hfl
trp ky thuat va gdn 52,2 % giii vai tid hfl
trp phuang phap (Pham Thi Thanh Binh,
2018).


Shbn dign cac t6 chtjrc phi Ipi nhu^n...
Cd thfl thdy, ho tip tdi chinh la rapt
tiong cae kflnh hoat dpng chinh cua cdc
NGO quflc tfl d Viet Nam hifln nay. Tuy

vay, viec Viet Nam chinh thiic tid thdnh
mpt nude ed muc thu nhdp tmng binh ciing
se tac dpng dfln ngudn ngdn sdch cua eae
NGO, dac biflt la cac NGO quflc tfl. Sy thay
dfli nay cfl thfl ddn dfln sy nit lui cua mpt sd
nha tai fro chu frpng vao ddi ngheo (ADB,
2011). Diflu dd cung khien cac NGO quflc
tfl phai thay ddi each tiflp can cdc dong
vfln bang each thiflt lap cac quan he hop
tac song phuang vdi khu vyc tu nhdn dfl
frd thanh cdc doanh nghiflp xa hpi vdi vai
fro cung cap dich vu tu van. Hp co thfl tifln
hanh phdi hpp voi cac NGO trong nude
thyc hifln cdc dy an phat trifln cpng dflng.
b) Vai tro trong ho tro gidi quyet cdc
vdn de cpng dong
Cac N G O cho thdy hp dang tich eye
tham gia van dpng nhdra tao ra thay dfli
tich cyc trong xa hpi, bao vfl quyfln va
sdc khoe cho cflng dflng. Cd thfl kfl dfln
nhu: Hoat dpng van dpng ngudi ddn hpc
ehii Thai cua Tmng tdm vi sy phat tiifln
ben vung mien mii; Hoat dpng van dpng
ngimg sir dyng Amiang ciia Lifln rainh van

39
nam 2020'**; Bd ludt Dan sy nam 2015 da
cflng nhan quyfln chuyfln gidi. 6 rapt khia
canh khac, boat dpng ciia cac NGO con
gdp phan lam thay doi thai dp cua cpng

dflng, xa hpi theo hudng tich cyc hom
(CEPEW&ISEE,2015).
Cae NGO, dac biflt la cdc NGO quflc te
da thfl hifln vai tid cdu fro nhdn dao, cung
cdp tin dyng, hoac xay dyng ca sd ha tang
ndng thfln, v.v... (Pham Thi Thanh Binh,
2018). Cdc td chiic nay nhdn manh vao viec
huy dpng va tao siic manh cho ngudi ngheo
va nhiing ngudi bi thipt thdi bdo vp cae
quyfln cua minh, thye hifln chuang trinh
cho ngudi ngheo, dac biflt la dfli vdi phu nii
va frfl em (Aetionaid, 2015).
c) Vai tro trong chia si kinh nghiem,
thong tin
Ngudi ta con biflt dfln cac NGO thflng
qua cac vai frd nhu chia se thong tin, kinh
nghiflra, phuang phdp thyc hifln cung nhu
cdch thlic xay dyng cac chuang trinh,
chinh sdch, kifln tiuic ho trp ngudi ddn,
cflng dflng, v.v... Cd the kfl den nhu: To
chiic quflc tfl Oxfara dong gdp trye tiflp cho
viec xdy dyng Chuang trinh 135 eua Uy
ban Ddn t§c va chinh sach trp cap xa hpi
cua Bp Lao dpng, Thuang binh va Xa hpi;
Uy ban cdng tae vfl cac td chuc phi chinh

dpng chinh sdch ngimg sir dung Amiang;
Hoat dpng van dflng cho quyfln cua cpng
dflng ngudi dflng tinh, song tinh, chuyfln
gidi; v.v... O nhirng muc dp nhdt dinh,

cae cudc van dpng nay da tao ra nhiing
thay dfli vfl mat chinh sach. Cy thfl la: Bp
Giao due va Dao tao da cd Thflng tu sfl
46/2014/TT-BGDDT ngay 23/12/2014 vfl
vice "Ban hdnh chuong trinh tiflng Thai
cdp tiflu hpc"; Viet Nam da bo phiflu trdng
trong viec cam su dung amiang trang vao

*'' Nam 2007, Vi?t Nam bat dau tham gia Cong uoc
Rotterdam ve thu tuc thoa thuan thong b^o truoc
doi voi mgt so hoa chSt vi thuoc bao v? thyc vat
nguy hai trong thuong mai quoe te nhara bao v? siic
khoe con nguoi va moi trucmg. Cong uoc nay da
dua amiang n§u va xanh VEio Phu luc III - cac hoa
chat dgc hai, nhimg chua dua amiang tr5ng vao, do
CO 7/154 quoe gia chua dong thuSn (trong do c6 Vi?t
Nam). Tu nam 2013 den 2015, do co nhieu y ki6n
cua cac bg, nganh, cac to chiic chinh tri - xa hoi va
cac nha khoa hpc trong nuac, Chinh phii da dong y
de Viet Nam bo phieu tr5ng tai Hoi nghi Rotterdam
2015 (V. Han, 2017).


40

phu nude ngoai (PATH) tham gia vao viee
xdy dyng Ludt Phong, chflng HfV;... (Phara
Thi Thanh Binh, 2018); Trung tam Bdo tfln
sinh vdt bien va Phatfriflncpng dflng cung
cdp mpt sfl kifln thiie, ky nang lien quan

khdc cho cpng dflng nhu: ky nang nuoi
cay san hd, diflu fra ngufln loi thuy san,
ky ndng thu nhdp thflng tin (Nguyen Thu
Hue, 2008); v.v... Mot sfl kflt qua td hoat
dpng ho frp chia se kinh nghiflm, thflng tin
cua cae NGO cho thdy tinh hieu qud cua
cdc tfl chiie ttong hoat ddng nay la kha ro.
Tuy nhifln, do dae trung eua cdc to chde
nay Id khflng thfl co cac danh gia ban ddu
cung nhu han chfl ve khd nang sdu sat tryc
tiflp voi ngudi ddn (nhu cdc chuong trinh
myc tiflu quflc gia) nfln sy phdi hop giiia
cac NGO vdi cac ca quan, ban ngdnh tiong
viec xdy dyng cdc chuong trinh, chinh sdch
la hflt sdc phu hpp va dem lai hiflu qud cho
boat dpng. Viec cac co quan nha nude tan
dyng cac kinh nghiflm hay thflng tin ma cac
NGO CO dupe la hd ttp can thiflt va hiru ich
ttong quafrinhxdy dyng chinh sdch.
Ngoai ra, cac NGO quflc tfl dang efl
xu hudng tdng cuong van dpng va xdy
dyng cac tfl chuc dia phuong. Diflu dfl
ddng nghTa vdi viec cde tfl chuc ndy se
md rflng, tang cudng lifln kflt nhiflu ban
voi cdc NGO trong nude va khu vyc tu
nhdn. Khi dfl eae NGO va cac nhflm td
chuc khac se co nhiflu ea hpi tham gia cac
chuang trinh, dy an.
5. Ket luan

ThPng tin Khoa hpc xa hpi. sO 11.201S
due, gidm ngheo, mdi tmomg, giam sat vd
phdn bien xa hpi, v.v... Tuy nhien, viec cae
tfl chiic phi loi nhudn thiflu mpt hanh lang
phap ly phu hpp vdi minh thyc sy cd tdc
ddng toi sy hinh thanh va phat trifln ciia cac
tfl chiic nay. Chinh vi vgy md cho dfln nay,
mac dli khdi niflm vfl to chiic phi lpi nhudn
da ra ddi, nhung chua cd cac thiflt che di
kera voi cdc quy dinh vfl dac trung, each
thlic hoat dpng, v.v... cda cac tfl chue nay.
Quy rad va miie dp hoat dpng cua cac to
chuc van se bi anh hucmg khi raa yflu to
chinh danh cung voi cde quy dinh cy the
eua rapt loai hinh hoat dpng chua dupe
eong nhdn mpt each chinh thiic trong cae
van ban phdp quy. Bcfi vay, xay dyng mpt
hanh lang phap ly phu hpp cho cac tfl chde
nay hoat dpng va phat trifln Id viec cdn thiet
tiong thod gian toi.
Vi thfl cua cdc tfl chiic phi lpi nhudn chua
dupe danh gid phu hop voi sy ddng gop cua
cac cac td ehiic nay, dieu do dat ra vdn de
md rpng va nang cao vi thfl cua eae tfl chuc
phi lpi nhudn hifln nay. Thuc te cho thdy khd
nang thu hut nguoi ddn eua cac td chde phi
lpi nhuan ndi chung va cac NGO ndi riflng
chua thyc sy duoc nhu mong muon. Diflu
dd doi hoi cae to chiic phi lpi nhuan can ddu
tu va nang cao vi thfl, vai tio cua minh bang

viec: ndng cao chdt lupng boat dflng cac
chuang trinh/dy an, md r$ng so lupng tham
gia vao cac chucmg tiinh/dy an; tang cudng
lifln kflt giiia cac to chiictiongcdc hoat dpng
trifln khai; cfl chien lupc thu hut sy tham gia
cua ngudi dan vd cpng ddngfrongcdc hoat
dpng ciia tfl chuc, v.v...a

Sy ra ddi va phatfriflneiia cac tfl chiic
phi loi nhudn noi chung va cae NGO noi
riflng la rapt diflu edn thiflt nhdm ho fro
ngudi dan hudng tdi phat trifln cpng dflng. Tai lifu tham khao
Cac to ehiic nay cho thdy sy da dang frong 1. Aetionaid (2015), Nhdm phdt trien cpng
cac ITnh vyc hoat ddng ciia minh nhu giao
ddng hpc hoi tie qud khu. Ha Npi.


iUitn dien cac t^ chyc phi 10 nhuan..
2. ADB (2011), Bdo edo torn tat vi xd hpi
ddn su Vi^t Nam, Ha Npi.
3. Pham Thi Thanh Binh (2018), Vai trd
ciia edc NGO quoe te (INGOs) trong
phdt trien kinh te Viet Nam, http://dang
congsan.vn/xa-hoi/vai-tio-cua-to-ehucphi-chinh-phu-quoc-te-ingos-tiong-phat
-trien-kinh-te-viet-nam-470152.html
4. Brian Tomlinson & Canada AidWatch
(2013), Working with civil society on
foreign aid - Possibilities for South
South Cooperation?,
https://issuu.

eom/undp/docs/working_with_civil_
society_in_forei/2
5. CEPEW & ISEE (2015), Vgn dpng vd
chien lucre van dpng cua edc NGO Viet
Nam, />Library/49 5/van-dong-va-chi en-luocvan-dong-cua-cac-to-chuc-phi-chinhphu-viet-nam.pdf
6. Biii Quang Dung (2012), "Cac to chue
va lifln kflt xa hpi ty nguyfln d nong
thfln". Tap chi Nghiin cim Con ngu&i,
so 6 (63) 2012.
7. V Han (2017), Kien nghi ngung sudung
amiang trdng dpc hgi vdo ndm 2020,
/>-nghi-ngung-su-dung-amiang-trang
-doc-hai-vao-nam-2020-439264/

41
8. Nguyfln Thu Hup (2008), Vai tro cua cdc
NGO trong su nghiip phdt trien kinh
ti bien - bdi hpc tic MCD, http://www.
vusta.vn/vi/news/Trao-doi-Thao-luan/
Vai-tio-cua-cac-to-ehuc-phi-Chinh-phu
-trong-su-nghiep-phat-trien-kinh-tebien-bai-hoc-m-MCD-21539.httnl
9. Lin (2012), Bdn ghi nh&: Hogt dpng gdy
quy cda cdc to chirc phi lpi nhudn theo
ludt Met Nam, Center for Comraunity
Development, YKVN.
10. Vu Duy Phu (2008), Xa hpi ddn sic:
mpt so van de chpn lpc. Nxb. Tri thiic,
Ha Npi.
11. Vipn Hdn ldm Khoa hpc xa hfli Viet
Nam (2010), Cas& ly ludn vd thuc tiin

cda sir hinh thdnh vd phdt triin xd hpi
ddn Slf dinh huong xd hpi chu nghia &
Vi^t Nam trong giai dogn 2011-2020,
HaNoi.
12. Cac Nghi dinh cua Chinh phu: so
88/2003/ND-CP ngay 30/7/2003; sd
45/2010/ND-CP ngdy 21/4/2010; sfl
30/2012/ND-CP ngay 12/4/2012; so
12/2012/ND-CP ngay 1/3/2012; sd
116/2013/ND-CP ngay 4/10/2013. Cac
Thflng tu ciia Bp Nfli vu: so 11/2010/
TT-BNV ngay 26/11/2010; sfl 02/2013/
TT-BNV ngay 10/4/2013.