Chính sách dân số việt namtừ kế hoạch hóa gia đình đến dân số và phát triển

NHQNG VAN OE XA HOI

CHINH ,^ * ""M DAN SO VIET NAM

TU KE HOACH HOA GIA DEVH
DEN D A N S O V A P H A T TRIEN
•

HfiUYiN VAN TAN

Phd Tong cue trudng Phu trach Tong cue
Dan so'Ke hoach hoa gia dinh, Bd Y te

I

Oang va Nha nude ta sdm nhan thirc dupe

van, chira xac dinh diroc each iam phii hpp, thi^u mot

t i m quan trpng eiia viec giai quyet cac van

to chijc chuyen trach eham lo eho cdng tae nay cong

• de dan sd ddi vdi su nghiep phat frien kinh

vdl CO che quan !y kem hieu qua... nen liet qua dat

te-xa hpi va nSng cao chat lupng cupc sdng eua nhan

duoc edn han che. Lien tuc qua 3 l(y Dai hpi Cang

dan; ddng thdi xae dinh viec kiem soat quy md dan

toan qude ian thli iV (19761, lan thli V (1981] va iSn thl)

sd, giam tdc dp gia tang quy md dan sd la van de

Vi (1986), cong tac DS - KHHGD hjy da dat dupc mot

trpng tam. Quyet djnh sd 2 1 6 ^ P ngay 26-12-1961

sd i
cua Chinh phu vfi viee sinh de c6 hudng d i n , danh

hang nam xuong muc 1,7% deu Ithdng dat ducc.

dau su khdi d i u cho chuong trinh dan sd Viet Nam,

Theo l
hudng den muc tieu giam mirc sinh de de kiem soat

nam 1989, dan sd Viet Nam 6 thdi diem nay la 64,4

tdc dp tang dan sd 6 miln Bac.

trieu nguoi, tang gap 2,2 l^n so voi nam 1960. Ty

Sau khi dat nudc tiidng nhat, cdng tae Dan sd-

le phat trien dan so vSn eon cr miie 2,3%, so con

Ke hoaeh hda gia dinh (DSKHHGD) dupc frien khai

trung binh cua mdi cap vp chdng la gan 4 con, so

fren pham vl ea nudc. Tuy nhien, do frong bdi canh

dan tang len hang nam l(hpang 1,5 trieu ngudi,

kinh te - xa hdi het sue khd khan lai bi bao vay, cam

tuong duong dan sd ciia mpt tinh.

5 8 I TqpchiTUYtNGUtoso7-2016

f


Can c u vao sd lieu cua cudc Tong Oilu tra
nfiu tren va tdc dp dat ket qua trong g i n 30 nam
frien khai cong tae DS-KHHGO o Viet Nam ke ti> khi
bat dau vao nam 1 9 6 1 , Quy dan sd Lifin hpp qudc
da dy bao quy mo dan sd Viet Nam se dgt mue 128
frieu nguoi vao nam 2025 va 158 trieu ngudi trude
tiidi diem giua the ky XXI.
Trudc tinh hinh cdng tae DS-KHHGD cham
dat dupc ket qua, xae dmh "tdc dp gia tang dan sd
qua nhanh la mpt yeu td can frd su phat frien kinh
td-xa hpi, han chd nhung nd luc nang cao chat luong

cupc sdng nhan d§n. Neu tinh hinh fren v l n tiep tue
difin ra se dat nude ta trudc nhirng khd khan r l t
ldn...", Hpi nghj l l n thir t u Ban Chap hanh Trung
uong Oang khda VII da ban hanh Nghj quyet ve ehinh
sach DS^Vdi Nghj quyet nay, l l n d i u tifin Oang ta co
mdt van ban hoan chmh va khoa hpc v^ chinh sach
ddn sd. Nghj quyet xae djnh 5 quan diem, 3 giai
phap chu yeu de frien khai cd ket qua cong tac dan
sd. Trong do tap trung d i u tij- ngan sach nha nudc,
xay dung bp may chuyen frach va huy dpng sutham
gia cua toan xa hpi, khang djnh vai frd lanh dao cua
cac d p uy Oang frong vific lanh dao, chl dao cdng
tac ddn sd. Hudng den I h u c hien gia dinh it con, tao
dieu kien de co cupc sdng am no, hanh phiie", Nghj
quyet de ra muc tieu ey tiie dat mirc sinh thay the "binh quan toan xa hpi, mdi gia dinh (cap vo chdng
frong dp tudi sinh de) cd 2 con vao nam 2015, tien
den dn cfinh quy mo dan sd vao giua the ky XXI".
Trien khai thue hifin Nghj quyet Trung uong 4
khda VII cua Oang, Chinh phij da phe duyfit cae
Chien luac DS4Dan sd Viet Nam 2001-2010. O l ddn ddc, ehan
chinh nhiing sai sdt frong qua frinh thuc hifin, Oang
ta da ban hanh nhilu van ban quan frong nhu Chi
ttij 5 0 < ; T A W ngay 5-3-1995 eua Ban Bi ttiu Trung
uong, Nghi quyet 47-NQ/TW ngay 23-5-2005 ciJa
Bp Chinh trj va nhilu van ban khac.
Trien khai cac Nghj quyet, van ban chi dao
cua Trung uong Oang, cac Chien luge cua Chinh
phu, cdp uy Oang va ehinh quyfin cac cap da ban

hanh nhieu van ban lanh dao, chi dao eong tac
DS-KHHGO, tap trung vao cac glai phap dong bp,
nhu: td ehire bp may lam edng tac DS-KHHGO tir
Trung uong den c a sdf (thon, xdm, ban lang); d i u

tu kinh phi tir ngdn sach ket hpp vdi thuc hifin mdt
CO che quan ly hieu qua; trien khai manh me cdng
tdc truyen thdng, v | n dpng, dua edng tac truyen
thdng ket hop vdt eung d p cac phuong tien, djch vu
phil hpp den tdn ngudi dan...
Cd the ndi, vific ban hanh Nghj quyet Trung
uong 4 khda VII, cimg vdi su lanh dao, chi dao quydt
liet cua cae cap ijy Oang, ehinh quyln, vifie friln
khai ddng bp eac glai phdp voi su tham gia ti'ch cue
cua toan xa hdi, da danh dau va tao su chuyen bien
manh me trong nhdn thirc, td chirc thuc hien cong
tac DS-KHHGO a nudfc ta trong nhirng nam qua, dat
dupc nhihig ket qua het sue quan trpng.
Oe chinh sach ddn sd hep tiJC phdt huy hifiu
qua, phil hpp vdi difiu kien va tinh hinh men, ngay
4-1-2016, Ban Bi ttiu Trung uong da ban hanh Ket
luan sd 119-KL/TW "Ve viec tiep bic ddy manh thi/c
hien chinh sach DS-KHHGD", trong dd xac djnh rd
frong giai doan toi phai chuyen frpng tdm chinh sdch
ddn sd ti> ke KHHGO sang giai quyet toan difin cac
van de dan sd theo djnh hudng giai quyet tdt quan he
ddn sd va phat frien. Ket luan nay la su ehuyen huong
ed tinh budfc ngoat ve ^ n h hudng chinh sach ddn sd
eua Oang ta trong tinh hinh hifin nay.

2

Sd lieu ciJa eac cupc Tdng Oieu tra Dan so vd
• Nhd a va cdc ngudn sd lifiu thdng ke dan sd
trong thdi gian qua da khang djnh ti'nh hieu qua vd
thanh cdng trong viec thuc hifin ehinh saeh
DS-KHHGO cua nude ta thdi gian qua, dac biet ke h>
khi cd Nghj quyet Trung uong 4 khda VII.
Oifiu tra bifi'n ddng dan so hang nam cho
thay, chung ta da dat ducrc mirc sinh thay the (tdng
ty suat sinh - TFR = 2,1 con) vao nam 2006, sdm
hon 10 nam so vdi muc tifiu eg the duoe dfi ra frong
Nghj quyet Trung uong 4 khda VII. Tai tiidi diem Tong
Oifiu fra Dan sd vd Nhd cr ngdy 1-4-2009, dan sd Viet
Nam la 85,8 trieu ngudi, sd con frung binh cua mpt
cap vp chdng frong dp fridi sinh de (TFR = 2,09 con),
ty Ifi phat tnen dan sd 1,04%. Tir ket qua nay cho
thay, trong tdc dp tang quy md ddn sd frung binh
hdng nam cua giai doan 10 nam 1999-2009 la
1,2%, thap hon nhieu so vdi eac giai doan frudc dd
(1,7% eho giai doan 1989-1999 va 2 , 1 % cho giai
doan 1979-1989).
Thue hifin thdnh cong cdng tde DS-KHHGD,
trong hon 20 ndm qua, chung ta da giam nhanh

Tqpchi T U V C N G I A O S6 7-2016 I 5 9


muc sinh vd tdc dp gia tang quy md ddn sd, gop
phln to Idn vao nhung thanh tuu phat frien kinh texa hpi cua d l t nuoc, xda ddi giam nghfio, ndng eao

chat lucmg cupc sdng cua nhan dan. Vific giam
nhanh mire sinh de eung tdc dpng tich cue den vific
giam tu vong bd me, tir vong fre em, tao dilu kifin
nang cao sue khoe va tudi thp cua nhan dan...
Tuy nhifin, nhung ket qua dat dupc nfiu frfin
eung tao nen nhung chuyen ddi nhan khau hpc rat
ddng chil y, ddt ra cho chiing ta nhQng eo hpi va
thach l^uc. Oieu nay eho thay, bfin canh nhimg ket
qua quan trpng da dat dupe, thi dan xen vdi ea hpi
la nhtmg thach thirc dat ra cho chung ta frong thoi
gian tdi, ddi hoi sir chuyln ddi chinh sach tir tap
frung vao KHHGO sang giai quyet tdt mdi quan hfi
Ddn sd-Phat frien.
Nhimg thuan Ipi - eo hpi va khd khan - thdch
thire dd the hifin trfin nhimg khia eanh sau:
KHHGD va kidm soat quy mo dan sd
Cd 2 diem dang chii y trong chuong frinh
KHHGO va djnh hudng muc tieu kiem soat quy md
dan sd nudc ta frong thdi gian tdi: 1 / Chiing ta da
dat duoc mirc sinh thay the tii nam 2006 va frong
10 nam qua, lien tuc duy fri mirc sinh nay; 2 A r o n g
mat bang ehung, ca nudc dat mue sinh thay the,
nhung cd nhimg khu vuc (Odng Nam Bp, dpng bang
sdng Cuu Long) muc sinh da suy giam nhanh, dudi
muc sinh thay the. Trong khi dd, mpt sd khu vuc
khde (Tay Nguyen, Trung du vd mifin ntii phia B l c ,
Blc Trung Bp va duyfin hai mien Trung) mirc sinh
v l n cdn cap.
Kinh nghiem cua cae nudc phdt trien eho
tiiay, khi mirc sinh da xudng thap, do tac ddng cua

eac yeu td phat frien kinh td-xa hdi va dd thj hda sfi
keo mirc sinh ttep tuc suy giam. Mot khi mire sinh
da xudng thap thi mudn khdi phyc, dua muc sinh
tang len cdn khd khan hon. He qua la dan sd gid
tang len, suy giam luc lupng lao dpng, anh huong
den su phat trien kinh te-xa hdi.
Vi dy didn hinh la Han Qudc. Han Qudc dat
muc sinh thay the vao ndm 1982, nhung v l n day
manh chuang trinh KHHGO eho den nam 1996 khi
tdng ty suat sinh dd giam xudng cdn 1,5-1,6 con.
Do khdng kip thdi dilu ehinh chinh sdch va dudi tac
dpng ciia su phat friln kinh td-xd hpi, muc sinh cua
Han Qudc giam xudng muc 1,08 con vao ndm

6 0 I TapchiTUVENGIAO567-2016

2005. Oen liic ndy, Hdn Qudc moi phan img blng
vific thanh lap Hpi ddng cua Tong ttidng ung pho
vdi suy giam miic sinh va gia hoa ddn sd do Tdng
thdng dung d i u va tat ca cac bd frudng frong ndi
eac. Mae dii d i u tu hang chuc ^ do la mdi nam de
thuc hifin hang loat cac chinh sach khuyen sinh,
chdm sde ngudi eao tudi, nhung den nay cung chi
dua muc sinh Ifin mire 1,28 con (2013), thap xa
mirc sinh thay the.
Hifin tupng mire sinh tiiap dl doi vdi gid hda
dan sd, thieu lao dpng, tac dpng khong thudn den
phat trien kinh te - xa hpi duoc nhan t h l y a Nhat
Ban, Oai Loan, Trung Qudc, Singapore, Thai Lan va
nhilu nude da phat frien khac.

Nhirng bang chirng va kinh nghiem nfiufrenla
CO sd thuc tifin cho viee chuyln ddi ehinh saeh tir
thyc hien mue tieu giam sinh sang duy fri miic sinh
thay tiie (TFR=2-2,1 eon) nham giam tde dp gia hoa
dan sd va suy giam luc lugng lao dpng. Duy tii nuic
sinh tiiay the cung ddi hdi tiep ttjc ttiuc hifin cac
ehinh sach giam sinh d" khu vuc cd miic sinh cao,
ndng ddn mirc sinh o cac khu vuc ma muc sinh da
xudng thap vdi eac ehinh saeh khuyen sinh phti hpp.
Oe tiiuc hien myc tieu ndy, ddi hoi nhu elu diu tu,
dam bao dap img cdc nhu c l u v l eung d p phuong
tien, dich vu KHHGO cho nhdn dan, dac vifit la vj
ttianh nifin, ttianh nien va thuc hien cdc ehinh sach.
Gia hoa dan sd va cac giai phap thich iing
Thdnh edng nhanh chdng frong vific thuc hien
chucmg trinh KHHGO, giam nhanh muc sinh ciing
vdi nhihig thdnh tuu frong fTnh vuc cham sdc sue
khoe, nang cao tudi thp la nhimg yeu td chinh din
den qua frinh gia hda dan sd d nude ta.
Gia hda ddn sdtiTJOfchet phan dnh tiidnh tuu
v l phat frien kinh te - xa hpi, ndng eao chat luong
cupc sdng nhdn ddn ndi chung va eham soe sire
khoe nhan ddn ndi rifing. Nhung xet d khia canh
khac, mpt xa hpi ngay cdng ed nhifiu ngudi cao tiJOi
ca ve sd lupng tuyet ddi eung nhu ty le tuong ddi
frong xa hpi, se dat ra nhu c l u phai thieh ung ddi vdi
cdc d u true kinh te - xa hpi.
Theo quy udfc ve nhan khau hpe, ddn sd Viet
Nam da chinh thirc budc vdp qua frinh gia hda dan
sd vao nam 2011 vdi 7% ddn sd frong dd hjol tii 65

tra Ifin. Tuong ung, sd lupng tijyet ddi khoang 6,5
trifiu ngudi vao thoi diem hifin nay. Tdc dd gia hoa

if


cua ddn sd nudfC ta rat nhanh. Cdc nude da phat
tiien, khong cd chuong frinh KHHGO, phai trai qua
vai chyc nam, th^m chi hang fram nam d l di ti> gid
hda dan sd sang dan sd gid (14% dan sd ti> 65-H).
Ddn sd Vifit Nam chi c l n khoang 15-17 nam eho
qud trinh nay va do do, chung ta se dat ngudng ddn
sd gia vao truorc nam 2030. Liic do, nhom ddn sd
tCr tudi 6b+ khoang 15 frifiu ngudi va tiep tuc tang
len khoang 24-25 tiieu ngudi vao nam 2049 ( 2 1 %
cua 115-120 frifiu ddn).
Gia hoa dan sd tao ra c o hpi cho vific phat
huy kinh nghifim phong phii cua ngudi cao tudi,
ddng thdi cung dat ra ede thach thire trong viec xdy
dung mdt xa hpi phii hpp voi ngudi cao tudi ca v l
ea sd ha t i n g , san xuat hang hda, dieh vu, giao
thdng, y te, chinh sach lao dpng, vific Idm vd huu tri,
td chirc cac c o sa djch vy cham soc... va viec xay
dung cac chinh sach d l thuc hien nhi/ng npi dung
nay phai dupe chuan bj cang sdm cdng tdt, de cd
the tan dyng tdt n h l t cdc yeu td c a hpi va han che
ede tde dpng tieu cue cua hien tupng nay.
D{f lgi dan sd va glal doan "cua sd ca hoi"
tong ca cau dan sd
Mpt dae d i l m frong ca c l u dan sd Vi^t Nam

hifin nay la dang a frong giai doan "cua sd ca hpr ma
ngon ngir truyen tiidng ttiudng gpi la "co d u dan sd
vang". Dac trung cua hien tupng nay la frong ca d u
tudi cua ddn sd, sd ngudi frong dp tuoi lao dpng (1564 tudi) nhilu g i p ddi sd ngudi frong dp tudi phy
tfiupc (tdng cpng sd fre em ti> 14 tudi fra xudng va
ngudi cao fridi ti> 65 frof len). Oifiu do cung ddng nghTa
Id ty trpng vd sd lupng dan sd tiem nang tiiam gia lye
lupng lao dpng rat Idn. Ddn sd Viet Nam chinh thire
buoc vao giai doan cd eo cau "ddn sd vang" vao nam
2007, dat dinh diem ve ty frpng vao khoang 20172018, keo ddi khoang 35 nam va ehi xay ra mot lln
duy nhat frong Ijch sir chuyen ddi nhan khau hpe.

raStf'

B!l*?'

Hifin tijpng co d u "dan sd vang" dua den ca
hpi r l t Idn cho phat t r i l n kmh te - xa hdi, ddng thcri
cung dat ra nhiing thach thirc vfi nd luc tan dung
CO hpi nay. Cac nha kinh te hpc da tinh todn cho
thay cdc nudc va vimg Idnh thd df Odng A nhu Nhdt
Ban, Han Qudc, Odi Loan... da tan dyng tdt co hpi
do CO hpi "dan sd vang" mang lai, vdi tdng miic
dong gop 1/3 vao kdt qua tang tiwng kinh te cua
cac nuac, viing lanh thd ndy frong thdi gian ed co

li0 I Z

d u "ddn sd vang", dua hp tra thdnh cac cpn rdng
chdu A.

Nhimg giai phap chu yeu ma cac nuoc ndy da
thuc hien d l tan dyng thanh cong nhting eo hdi ma
eo cau "ddn sd vang" dua lai, dd la: thu hiit manh
d i u t u ca tir trong nudc va nuoc ngoai; thue hanh
ehinh sach tiet kiem; cd ehinh sach tao thudn loi cho
phdt triln eac doanh nghiep d l tao nhieu cdng an
viec Idm, thu hiit tdi da luc lugng lao dpng; tap frung
ndng cao c h i t lupng ngudn nhan luc friong qua viec
td chiic tdt cham soc siie khoe nhan dan; d i u tu mdf
rpng quy mo va nang cao chat luong gido dye - ddo
tao, dae bifit la giao due chuyen nghifip... Nhting kinh
nghiem vd bai hoc neu fren la r l t quy ddi vdi mpt
nuQic di sau nhu ehiing ta.
Mat cSn bang gioi tinh khi sinh
Mat cdn bdng gidi ti'nh khi sinh la hifin tugng
xay ra a mpt sd nude, tap frung o khu vuc Odng A,
Trung A va Nam A, frong do co nuac ta. Gidi ti'nh khi
sinh t u nhifin (dupc hieu la can bang) dupc quy udfc
d khoang 103-107 be frai sinh ra sdng so vdi 100
be gal sinh ra sdng. 0 nude ta, tinh trang mat can
bang gidi tinh khi sinh duoc ghi nhan tir nhirng nam
2005-2006 khi ma ty sd nay d miic 109/100 va
tang Ifin r l t nhanh, dat den mirc xap xi 113/100
vao nam 2015. Mat can bang gidi tt'nh khi sinh d i n
den tinh frang tJiiia nam thieu ntr d dd tudi frudng
ttianh, kfi't hdn. He qua eua tinh trang ndy Id pha vd
"thj trudng hon nhan" va ket cau gia dinh, gia tang
tinh trgng mua ban phu ntr va tre em gdi, tdc dpng
tieu cue den trdt tu an ninh... nhlt la a cae khu vuc
vimg sdu, vimg xa noi cd difiu kifin khd khdn, md

nam thanh nifin den tudi frudng thdnh khdng cd co
hpi tim dupe phy ntr de kfi't hdn.
Neu xu hudng ndy tiep ttJC diln ra tiii tiieo du
bao cua Quy ddn sd Lien hiep qudc, den giira the ky
nay, d nudc ta se du thira tii 2,3 den 4,3 trifiu nam
gidi frong dp tudi frudng thanh. Nguyen nhdn cua hien
tuong nay la sy hpp thanh cua 3 nhdm nguyen nhan
gdm: su ua thich phai ed eon frai de "ndi ddi tdng
dudng" trong van hda nho giao; sy lam dung nhirng
tien bd khoa hoe vd cdng nghfi giiip chin dodn sdm
gioi tinh tiiai nhi vd can tiiiep lya chpn gioi tinh thai nhi;
"quy ludt dimg" frong sinh de (mong mudn sinh it con
fra tiianh ehuan myc xa hpi phd bien) va he ttidng an
sinh xa hpi eho ngudi cao tudi thieu hodn chinh.

Tqpchi TUYENGI>to s6 7-2016 I 6 1


_
Thach thirc nay dat ra nhung yeu eau het sue
cap bach chp edng tae dan sd a nirdc ta, do la:
kiem soat giam thieu m^t can bang gidi tinh khi sinh,
nhanh chdng dua ty so nay tro lai miJc can bang tu
nhien bang eae bien phap tong hpp, dong bd va
manh me v^ truydn thong giao dye, thue hien binh
dang gidi; thanh tra, kiem tra va xu ly nghiem vi
pham phap luat va nghiem cam chin doan va can
thiep lua chpn gidi t'nh thai nhi va gioi tinh khi sinh;
cai thien he thcng an sinh xa hpi ehe ngudi eao tuoi,
nang cap vi the cija phu nu...

Dl cu va phin bo din cu hop ly
Dudi tae dpng cua su phat trien kmh te va dp
thi hpa, di cu d nude ta diln ra vdi cudng do Idn va
pham vi ngay cang rong, Ty suat di eu thuin trong
giai doan mudi nam qua o muc 4-5% hang nam. Noi
eae ludng di c u den la eac khu vuc do thi va eae
khu cdng nghiep, tap trung d khu vuc Bdng Nam Bo
va xung quanh Ha Ndi. Noi dan di la khu vuc ndng
thdn, tap trung d viing d6ng bang sdng Ciru long,
duyen hai mign Trung...
Di cu la hien hrpng tat yeu, diln ra theo quy
luat "hilt - day", khdng the can thiep cd hieu qua bang
cac bien phap hanh chinh. Di eu cd tac dpng tieh
cue dpi vdi su phat trien kinh te, nhat la d noi den,
tao thu nhap chp ngudi di cu va gia dinh hp. Nhung
mat khae, nhimg ngudi di cu thudng khd tiep can vdi
eac dich vu xa hci eo ban, dci song sinh boat khd
khan, gay ra nhu e l u dpt bien, d i n den qua tai ve
giap thdng frpng cac dip l l , Tet, viec cham sdc
ngudi cap tudi va fre em o npi di bj han chl...
Phat frien ddng d i u giira cac khu vuc, bean
ttiien ha tang giap ttidng va co sd ha t i n g ttiiet y l u ,
cd chinh sach uu tien thu hiit d i u h/ ddi vdi khu vi/c
kinh t l • xa hdi kem phat frien hpn... la nhimg ttiach
ttiirc c l n dupe xem xet, thuc hien de dilu chinh eac
ddng di eu, phan bp dan sp hop ly hon.

ehe: ty le dan sd bi khuyet tat, bap gpm ca sc ttiieu
nang ve fri hje, ban ehe v l ttie lire cen kha cap; ^ ie
tu vpng fre em va suy dinh dudng the thap cdi con

cac; tuci ttip khde manh binh quan thap; ty le lao ddng
dupc dap tap ve nghe nghiep ttiap...
Mdt k l hoach tong the, dong bp can ttiigp
nang cac c h i t lupng dan sd ea v l ttie chat, fri hia
va tinh tiiln can duoc xay dung va thue hien tiieo
nguyen ly vdng ddi. Nang cap chat lupng eham sec
sue khce chp nhan dan, d l y manh phpng frap ren
luy^n than tiie, hinh thanh ldi sdng lanh manh, Ipai
frir d i n cac hii tue, dam bap ve smh mdi trudng va
an tpan thuc p h l m , nang cap ehat lupng giap ducdao tao, xay dpng n l n van hda mdi tien tiln, dam da
ban sac dan tde... la nhimg ndi dung da dupc Dang
va Nha nudc ta quan tam ehi dao. V l n de dat ra la
c l n phai cd nhung giai phap t'ch cue dupc trien khai
ddng bd va hieu qua.
Tdm lai, de thue hien cc hieu qua si/ chuyen
hudng cd tinh budc ngpat frong dinh hudng ehinh
saeh dan sd cQa Dang ta frong bdi canh, dilu kiSn
va tinh hinh mdi, c l n phai thuc hien nhilu giai phap
ddng bd, lien quan den cac khia canh nhu: ehuyen
del chinh saeh dan sd tir viee dilu ehinh se lupng
dan sp sang chii frpng nSng cac chat lupng dan s l ;
tir viec tap frung chu yeu vap KHHGO hudng den
mgc tieu giam sinh sang giai quyet tpan dien cac
v l n de dan sp ca v l quy md, co eau, phSn bo va
nang cao c h i t lupng dan sd; tir each tiep can mdt
ehilu, giai quyet tinh trang gia tang quy md dan so
qua nhanh sang tiep can tong the va da chilu; dieu
chlnh eae yeu to dan sd va chinh saeh phat tiiln
frong mdi quan he chat che, tirong tac qua lai d l
phat huy tdt nhlt eac co hdi va Ipi tiie, ban che toi

da cac khia canh khdng thuan Ipi eiia cae yeu td
dan sd nay sinh trpng qua trinh chuyen ddi nhan

Chat luong din so va ning cao chat luong
din so

khiu hpc d nude ta.

Chat lupng dan sp ve ttie chat, fri tue va ttnh
ttiln la yeu tc c l n dupc quan tam hang diu. Vci nhilu
chinh sach va chuong frinh cu ttie dupc ttiuc hien, chat
lupng dan SP Viet Nam da duoc nang len dang ke nhu
^ suat chet me, chet fre em giam; hjdi ttip dupc nang
len; eh? s6 phat frien cen ngudi dupc cai ttiiSn... Tuy
nhien, chat lupng dan so nudc ta cung edn nhilu han

hien Ket luan sd 11 W < l / I W ngay 4-1-2016 eua Ban

6 2 I rapchiTUreNGUD.£ 7-2016

Cae d p ijy, chinh quyen c l n tich cue thuc
Bi thu Trung upng Dang v l viec tiep tyc thuc hien
Nghi quyet sc 47-N(yTW cua Bd Chinh fri khda IX
"Vi

tiip

tuc day manh thuc hien chinh

sich

DS-KHHGB"; xay dung chinh sach dan sd chp giai
dpan mdi dam bap tinh khpa hpc de ttiirc hien ttianh
edng cdng tac dan se frpng nhimg nam tdi.B

] NHlJ^