Báo cáo khoa học:Công tác nghiên cứu lý luận của Đảng trong thời kỷ đổi mới pptx

DANG LANH
DAO
CONG CUOC
D6I
MOI
CONG
TAG NGHIEN
CLFU
LY LUAN
•
CUA
DANG
TRONG
THai
KY
001
MOI
thanh taa
vo
kinh nghiem
GS,TS MACH QUANG
THANG*
L Mot so thanh
tun
co ban trong cong
tac ly luan
ciia
Dang
Khdng
dinh
sdc song

ciia
chu
nghia
Mdc -
Lenin.
Sir
nghidp ddi mdi dat nude didn ra
trong bdi canh rat dac bidt. Tat ca cac nudc
trong he thdng xa hdi
chii
nghTa, khdng trir
mdt nudc nao, Ur giiia nhimg nam 80
ciia
the
ky XX, bj lam vao khiing hoang. Cd nudc thi
khiing hoang toan didn ea chinh tri, kinh td, xa
hdi;
cd nudc thi bi khiing hoang kinh td-xa hdi
(nhu d Viet Nam). Trong tinh hinh dd,
chii
nghTa Mac - Lenin cang bi thir thach mdt each
gay gat. Thuc ra, khdng phai mai den
Iiic
nay,
chil nghTa Mac - Ldnin mdi bi cac thd
lire
thii
dich chi trich, ma ngay tir khi nd mdi ra ddi da
bi cac thd
lire

chdng cdng san Udn the gidi da
kich rdi. Cir qua mdi budc thir thach, chu
nghTa Mac - Lenin cang chimg td sire sdng
manh Hdt
ciia
minh. Lan nay, chu nghTa Mac
-
Ldnin bi da kich mdt each dir dan va cay
nghidt hon bdi chat "xuc tac" la
sir
khiing
hoang va sau dd la
sir
tan ra
ciia
Dang Cdng
san Lien Xd - mdt dang
eiia
V.I.Lenin, Dang
da lanh dao Cach mang xa hdi
chii
nghia
*
Hgc vien CT-HC quoc gia Hd Chi Minh
thang Mudi Nga vT dai thing lgi nam
1917,
thanh lap mdt nudc xa hdi
chii
nghTa diu tidn
trdn thd gidi; md ra thdi dai mdi trong Hch sir

tidn hoa
ciia
nhan
loai;
thdi dai qua do tir
chii
nghTa
tu ban
Idn
chii
nghTa
xa hdi tren pham vi
toan the gidi; mdt Dang da lanh dao cudc diu
Uanh chdng
chii
nghTa phat xit, cim loai ngudi
thoat khdi tham hoa diet vong, tao didu kidn cho
su ra ddi
ciia
he thdng xa hdi
chii
nghTa
thd
gidi;
mdt Dang lanh dao xay dung mdt dit nudc
Xdvidt, tru cdt
eiia
he thdng xa hdi
chii
nghTa,

ciia
ndn hoa binh thd gidi. Cimg vdi
sir
tan ra
eiia
Dang Cdng san Lidn Xd la
sir
tan ra
ciia
Lidn bang Cdng hoa xa hdi
chii
nghTa Xdvidt va
ciia
cac dang cdng san cam quydn va chd do xa
hdi chil nghia d
cac
nudc Ddng Au.
Trong tinh hinh ay,
chii
nghTa Mac - Ldnin
khdng nhiing bi eac the
luc
tu san da kich ma
nghidm Ugng hon la bi mdt sd phan tir vdn la
cdng
san,
phan bdi
chii
nghTa
cdng

san,
da kich.
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam da dimg vimg
tmdc
sir
bidn ddng chinh tri dir ddi dd, trudc
het bang each khang dinh, kien tri
chii
nghTa
Mac - Lenin, cho rang, su sup dd
ciia
he
thong xa hdi
chii
nghTa thd gidi khdng phai la
sir
sup dd
ciia
ly
luan Mac - Ldnin ma chi la
TAP CHi UCH SLf
DANG
- S6 1/2010
39
DANG LANH
DAO
CONG CUOC
061
MOI
sir

sup
dd
cua md hinh khdng
phii
hgp
vd
chii
nghia
xa
hdi,
la kdt qua
ciia
dudng
Idi cai td
sai lam.
la
sir
tac ddng
tir
sir
phan bdi
ciia
mdt
sd nhan
\-at
lanh
dao
Uong dang cdng
san va
nha nudc

d
nhung nudc
dd. Ly
luan
Mae -
Lenin mang ban chat khoa hgc
va
each mang,
Uang
bi cho eac td
chire cdng
san thd
gidi
quan. nhan sinh quan
va
phuong phap bien
chimg duy vat Uong hanh ddng.
Ly
luan
dd la
su
ket
tinh nhiong
gi la
tinh
tuy cua
thue tidn
each mang.
Va. dd la
hgc thuydt "md", nghTa

la
nd
ludn ludn duge
nap
them nang lugng
mdi
tir
cudc sdng.
nd
cang ngay cang phat
tridn, dugc bdi dap them sire sdng mdi.
Chinh
vi the.
Uong ltie khdng
it can bd.
dang vien
cd
nhiong bidu hidn hoang mang.
dao ddng. Dang da kip thdi khang dinh nhung
gia
tri bat
diet
cua
ehii
nghTa
Mac -
Lenin.
Hdi nghi
Ban
Chap hanh Trung uong Dang

lan thir 6 (Khoa VI) da ndu
Idn
nhung nguydn
tac cua ddi mdi. trong dd nhan manh
lai sir
ddi
mdi
ciia
Viet
Nam
la
vi mue
tidu
cua
chii
nghTa
xa hdi Udn co sd
chii
nghia
Mac -
Ldnin; Uude
hdt la ddi mdi
kinh
td va
timg
budc
kdt hgp ddi mdi
chinh
tri;
khdng chap

nhan
da
nguydn ehinh
tri va da
dang
ddi lap;
khang dinh
vai ud
lanh
dao cua
Dang Cdng
san Viet Nam.
\ \
Dang ehto
y la,
sir
khang
dinh
dd da Ud
thanh chien lugc
lau dai cua
Dang
ta,
khdng phai
la
bidn phap giai quydt
tinh hudng
mac
dii
luc dd dit

nudc thuc
sir
dang lam nguy. Khang dinh
\-d
mat kidn Ui
ly
luan chinh tri.
cd thd
ndi,
dd
la sir
sang sudt,
lam
cai gdc cho mgi
boat ddng khac
eiia
Dang,
la the
hidn
ban
ITnh
chinh
tri
eiia
mdt
Dang macxit
-
Idninit,
Dang do
Hd

Chi Minh
sang
lap,
lanh dao
va
ren luyen,
mdt
Dang da
kinh qua nhieu thir thach ngat ngheo
cua
cac
tinh thd, Uude
cac
khuc quanh
ciia
tmh
hinh
Uong nudc va thd gidi. Didu dae bidt
la
Dang
Cdng san Viet Nam chua bao gid phai Uai qua
tinh hudng
nhu
luc
dd;
tinh hudng phai nhin
lai CO
sd ly
luan each
mang

cua
minh:
chii
nghia Mac
-
Ldnin.
Ndi tdi ban chat khoa hgc va
each
mang
ciia
chil nghia Mac
-
Lenin cung hoe
la
ndi ddn
sir
van dung sang
tao va
phat tridn
chii
nghia
ay
Uong sudt ca thdi gian tdn tai
\-a
phat tridn
ciia
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam. Dang
ta
da kien tri
nhirng nguydn

ly
eo ban cua chit nghia Mac
-
Ldnia
\'an
dtong sang
tao va
phat tridn nhirng
nguydn
ly dd vao
didu kien
cu the
ciia
dit
nudc.
Sir
nghidp
ddi mdi
eiia
Viet Nam Uong
gan
25 nam qua
dudi
sir
lanh
dao
ciia
Dang
Cdng
san da

cdng hidn nhidu
van dd
ly
luan
khdng nhiing cd tac dung bao vd
sir
Uong sang
ciia
chil nghia
Mac -
Lenin
ma cdn bd
sung
\-ao
kho
tang
ly
luan
eua
chii
nghia
Mac -
Ldnin nhieu van
de.
Dd
la
nhirng van dd vd
chii
nghTa
xa

hdi
va
con dudng
di
Idn chii
nghia xa
hdi
cua
Viet
Nam
Uong didu kidn
mdt
nudc
ndng nghiep lac hau
lai
phai chiu hau qua nang
ne
eiia
cac cudc chidn Uanh.
Dd la
nhirng
\'an
dd
ve xay
dtong
ndn
kinh
te thi
tmdng dinh
hudng

xa hdi
ehii
nghia.
Dd la
nhiong
van de
xay dung
he
thdng chinh
tri
Uong thdi ky' qua
do
len
chil nghia
xa
hdi, Uong
dd
dang chu
y
nhat
la Ur ddi mdi, tu
chinh
ddn
Dang
cam
quydn Uong dieu kidn
xa
hdi
chi cd mdt
dang

duy nhat (Dang Cdng san Viet Nam) ma dang
dd ddng
vai
Ud
cam
quydn
lanh
dao
he
thdng
chinh tri
va
toan
xa
hdi, dang
dd vin
bao dam
40
TAP CHi UCH
SIJOANG
-
SO
1/2010
DANG LANH DAO CONG CUOC
DOl
m\
va phat huy dan ehu trong toan xa hdi; xay
dung Nha nude phap quydn xa hdi
chii
nghTa

ciia
dan, do dan, vi dan dudi
sir lanh
dao
ciia
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam. Dd
la
nhung vin dd
ddi ndi, ddi ngoai Uong didu kidn toan ciu hoa
va hgi nhap qudc td dang nhu nhimg ddng
xoay tac ddng den mgi qudc gia-dan tdc.
vin cdn mdt sd ngudi hidn nay
phii
nhan
vai trd
ciia chii
nghia Mac - Lenin, cho ring,
sir
stop dd
ciia
he thong xa hdi
chii
nghTa la
sir
sup dd ca ly luan Mac - Ldnin; ring, cai sai d
day khdng phai
la
chi sai vd md hinh ma sai
"ca
gdi"

ly
luan;
ring,
chii
nghia Mac da tdn tai
tram nam nay rdi. Uong khi dd cudc song bidn
ddi rat nhanh chdng, vi the
ly
luan Mac -
Lenin da bj lac hau rdi, v.v. Thuc te cho chung
ta thay rd rang, thang lgi
ciia sir
nghidp ddi mdi
ciia
Viet Nam la to
Idn
va cd y nghia Hch sir
Uong gan 25 nam vira qua bat ngudn Ur vide
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam da kidn tri
chii
nghia
Mac - Ldnin, van dung sang tao va phat tridn
chil nghia Mac - Ldnin Uong didu kidn mdi.
Neu cao tu
tucmg
Ho Chi
Minh.
Tu tudng
Hd Chi Minh la
sir

kdt tinh ly luan Mac -
Lenin, tinh hoa van boa
ciia
dan tdc va
ciia
nhan loai,
la
hgc thuydt vd giai phdng dan tde,
giai phdng xa hdi-giai cap, giai phdng con
ngudi. Ngay tir khi mdi ra
ddi.
Dang Cdng
san Viet Nam da dugc vii trang bang tu tudng
Hd Chi Minh vdi cac van kidn cd tinh chat
cuong ITnh chinh tri dau tidn
eiia
Dang dugc
thdng qua tai Hdi nghi thanh lap Dang dau
nam
1930.
Tu tudng Hd Chi Minh ed co sd tir
chil nghTa Mac - Ldnin, do dd nd mang ban
chat khoa hgc va each mang. Trai qua bao thir
thach, Uong dd ed mdt thdi gian nhiing quan
didm
ciia
Hd Chi Minh vd each mang Viet
Nam bi Qudc td Cdng san va mdt sd ddng chi
trong Trung uong Dang Cdng san Viet Nam
hidu lam, nhung thuc td da chimg minh ring,

Ur tudng Hd Chi Minh da trd thanh tai san
tinh than rat quy bau
ciia
Dang va dan tdc ta.
Tu Urdng Hd Chi Minh da soi dudng. chi ldi
cho Dang va dan tdc Viet Nam tien len gianh
tir thang Igi nay den thang lgi khac.
Trong tinh hinh
mdi.
Dang Cdng san Viet
Nam, bat dau Ur Dai hdi dai bieu toan qudc
lan thir VII (nam
1991),
da ndu cao tu Urdng
Hd Chi Minh, coi
Ur
Urdng Hd Chi Minh cimg
vdi chil nghTa Mac - Ldnm lam thanh nen
tang
Ur
tudng va kim chi nam cho hanh ddng
each mang. Dang Cdng san Viet Nam da thiy
rd tu Urdng Hd
Chi
Minh da chi ra cho each
mang Viet Nam nhiong van dd rat co ban;
- Con dudng giai phdng dan tdc theo
chii
nghTa Mac - Ldnm, theo con dudng
each

mang vd san.
- Xay dung mdt xa hdi mdi: xa hdi cdng
san, ma giai doan dau la xa hdi xa hdi
chii
nghTa, mdt xa hdi khdng cdn chd do ngudi bdc
lot ngudi, mgi ngudi ddu dugc am no. tu do,
hanh phiic, mdt xa hdi bao dam dan chu, phiic
lgi xa hdi, mdt xa hdi cd tinh doan kdt. hgp tac,
hino
nghi vdi eac dan tdc
Udn
the gidi
Udn
co sd
tdn
Ugng
cac quydn dan tdc
co
ban
eiia
nhau.
- Dd la tu tudng ddc lap dan tdc gan
lien
vdi chil nghTa xa hdi. Ddc lap dan tdc la didu
kidn tidn quydt di Idn
chii
nghTa xa hdi; xay
dung chil nghTa xa hdi
la
dieu kidn bao dam

sir
bdn
-vimg ciia
ddc lap dan tdc.
- Nhiing quan didm vd xay dung
lire
lugng
each mang, dd la dai doan kdt toan dan
tdc.
TAP
CHi
LICH
SU"
DANG - S6 1/2010
41
OANG LANH
DAO
CONG CUOC DOl
m\
kdt
hgp
sire manh
ciia
dan tdc vdi
sire manh
thdi dai.
- Tu tudng Hd Chi Minh chira dung nhirng
quan diem vd
chii
nghTa nhan van macxit, dau

tranh giai phdng con ngudi.
-
Hd Chi
Minh
la
hidn than
cua
nhirng
tu
tudng giai quydt nhimg van dd toan cau: nhimg
van
dd bao vd hoa
binh.
ve
sir
phat tridn
bdn
viing cua the gidi,
vd
giai phdng toan didn con
ngudi. uong
dd cd van dd
bao dam quydn
con
ngudi. vd bao ve mdi tmdng con ngudi sdng va
hoat ddng.
vd
tinh him ai toan thd
gidi,
v.v.

Chinh
vi ndu cao tu
tudng
Hd Chi
Minh
Uong nhiing nam ddi mdi. cho ndn dan tdc Viet
Nam khdng nhimg da dimg vting tmdc cac thir
thach ngat ngheo. ma con phat tridn nhanh Udn
con dudng di tdi muc tidu dan giau nudc manh.
xa
hdi
cdng
bang,
dan
chiu
van
minh. Ciing
chinh nhu
thd.
ur tuong Hd
Chi
Minh. cimg vdi
chil nghTa
Mac -
Lenin,
Ud
thanh nhan
td
ly
luan chinh tri co ban hudng din hanh ddng cho

toan
xa
hdi.
Tu
tudng
dd da
dugc kidm chimg
sudt ca qua trinh
ra
ddi. tdn tai va phat tridn
ciia
Dang Cdng
san
Viet Nam
80
nam
qua va
cdn
phat huy tac dung soi dudng. chi ldi cho dan tdc
phat tridn
Uong
thdi gian tdi.
Nhu
va>
Dang Cdng
san
Viet
Nam da
thanh cdng Uong vide
ndu eao tu

tudng
Hd
Chi Minh. bidt gan vdi ngudn
ly
luan
quy bau
dd hudng
cho dan tdc
phat tridn.
Cd thd ndi
rang,
vdi
vide ndu cao
tu
tudng Hd Chi Minh.
ca
xa
hdi Viet Nam.
dii
nhdm cdng ddng nao.
tir trong Dang, ngoai
Dang,
ngudi Vidt Nam
d
trong nudc hoac dang sinh sdng
d
nude ngoai,
da quy
Ui.
doan kdt dudi nggn cd dai nghia Hd

Chi Minh
vi muc
tidu chung.
Kdt qua
budc
diu
eiia
cudc
van
ddng "Hge
tap va
lam
theo
tim guong
dao
dtic
Hd Chi
Minh" hidn
nay
do Dang phat ddng da thd hidn rd didu dd.
Dang Cdng
san
Viet Nam ciing thay
rat rd
ring,
khdng
ndn va
khdng
the
tach bidt, cang

khdng dugc phep
ddi lap,
giiia
tu
tudng
Hd
Chi Minh vdi
chii
nghTa Mac
-
Ldnin. Mdt sd
ngudi
cd
quan didm khdng dung rang,
d
Viet
Nam,
ehi cin ndu
Ur tudng
Hd Chi
Minh
la
dil.
khdng
can neu
chii
nghTa
Mac -
Lenin.
Danh ring, Uong

Ur
Urdng Hd Chi Minh da cd
chu nghia Mac
-
Ldnin, hay ndi
each
khac,
tu
Urdng
Hd Chi
Minh
la sir
van
dung sang
tao
va phat tridn
chii
nghTa Mac
-
Lenin vao didu
kidn
eu the cua
Viet Nam; song
tu
tudng
Hd
Chi Minh khdng thd thay the
ehii
nghTa Mac
-

Ldnin
vi
chii
nghTa
Mac -
Ldnin
la mdt he
thdng
ly
luan bao quat hon. Neu
phii
nhan
chii
nghia Mac
-
Lenin thi eiing
Uic
la
phii
nhan ca
CO
sd ly
luan ciia
tu
tudng
Hd
Chi Minh. Mdt
td hgp dung dan, hoan chinh nhat cho
ly luan
each mang

ciia
Viet Nam
la
chii
nghTa Mac
-
Ldnin va tu tudng Hd Chi Minh.
Quan
tdm
din
td chuc vd xdy
dimg
dgi
ngii
cdn bg
ly
ludn.
Can
ndi
ngay rang, Uong sudt
80
nam qua
Dang Cdng
san
Viet
Nam cd
nhimg
nha
ly luan
xuat sac. Nhung

mdt
dieu
dang
ndi hon ca la
trong thdi
ky ddi
mdi.
Dang
ta
tiep hoc chit Ugng
td
chirc nghien
ciiu
ly
luan
chinh tri.
Tir
sau Dai
hdi dai
bidu toan
qudc Ian thti VIII. Tmng uong Dang
da
lap
ra
Hdi ddng
Ly
luan
Tmng uong
vdi
nhidm

\ai
nghien
cim
nhung
van dd
ly luan dk
Ur vin
cho Trung uong Uong
vide
hoach dinh dudng
ldi.
Ngoai
Hdi
ddng
Ly
luan Trung uong,
nhidu
CO
quan nghidn ctiu
ly
luan
ed
tix
tmdc,
42
TAP CHi
LICH
SLT
DANG •
S6

1/2010
DANG
LANH DAO CONG CUOC
D6I
m\
dac bidt la Hgc vidn Chinh tri - Hanh chinh
qudc gia Ho Chi Minh va Vidn Khoa hgc Xa
hdi Viet Nam, dugc kidn toan
lai
va diy manh
hon cdng tac nghien cim. Trong nhung nam
ddi mdi, thuc td bidn ddi mdt
each
mau
le;
do
dd cd ngudi cho ring, ly
luan ciia
chimg ta da
khdng theo kip, ly luan da bi lac hau. Nhan
dinh nay khdng sai. Trong tinh hinh trong
nudc va thd gidi bidn ddng nhanh chdng nhu
vay ma
ly
luan khdng bi
lae
hau so vdi thuc td
thi dd mdi
la
didu la. Nhan dinh

ly luan
lac
hau vdi cudc sdng thuc ra la da dugc Dang ta
thay rd ngay tir Dai hdi dai bidu toan qudc lan
thir V (nam 1981). Chinh thuc td la ngudn
sdng
ciia
ly luan;
ly luan la
nhirng van dd
duge due not tir
sir
van ddng
ciia
thuc tidn. Ly
luan soi dudng cho thuc tidn, thuc tidn kiem
nghidm cho nhimg van dd
ly luan
va tao chat
dd
due
nit
ly
luan. Dd la ca mdt qua trinh cd
quan he khang kbit nhan - qua.
Nhung kdt qua dd thay nhat trong nhung
nam ddi mdi trdn phuong didn nay la;
- Xac dinh va tridn khai hang loat cac
chuong trinh, du
an,

dd tai khoa hgc
ly
luan. Dd
la eae chuong trinh khoa hge cap nha nudc,
Uong dd dac bidt
la
Chuong trinh khoa hgc cap
nha nudc giai doan
1991
- 1995 "Nghidn cim
Hd Chi Minh", ma sd KX.02 (do Vidn Nghidn
cuu chil nghia Mac - Ldnin va
Ur
Urdng Hd Chi
Minh chil tri) va Chuong trinh nghidn cim
nhirng vin dd ly luan chinh tri giai doan 2006 -
2010,
ma sd
KX.04/06-10
(do Hdi ddng Ly luan
Trung uong
chii
tri).
Dd
la
Thdng bao Ket luan
sd
lOl-TBAFW
ngay 26-3-2003 cua Bd Chinh
tri Trung uong Dang Khda IX,

chii
tmong tidn
hanh tdng kdt mdt so van dd
ly
luan - thuc tien
qua 20 nam ddi mdi d nudc ta. Theo dd, Bd
Chinh tri ra Quyet dinh sd
72-QD/rW
ngay 28-
4-2003 thanh lap Ban Chi dao tdng kdt; Ban Bi
thu ra Chi thi sd 24-CT/TW ngay
12-5-2003
vd
van dd nay; Quydt dinh sd 02-BCDTK ngay 28-
5-2003
ciia
Ban Chi dao vd thanh
lap
Td Bidn
tap tdng kdt; Thdng bao
ciia
Bd Chinh tri, sd
189-TB/TW
ngay 10-8-2005 vd
vide
cdng bd
Bao cao tdng kdt 20 nam ddi mdi' va nhidu dd
tai cac cap khac nghidn cim nhiong van dd ly
luan chinh tri. Nhimg ket qua dd da ddng gdp
tich

cue
vao
vide
lam luan cir khoa hgc-thuc tidn
cho qua trinh hoach dinh dudng Idi
ciia
Dang,
chinh sach, phap luat
ciia
Nha nudc. Dac biet,
Uong thdi gian tidn tdi Dai hdi dai bidu toan
qudc lan thir XI
ciia
Dang (diu thang
1
-2011),
cdng tac nghidn cim ly luan da va dang dugc
trien khai va ddng gdp mdt loat van dd vd bd
sung, phat tridn Cuong
linh
xdy
dimg
ddt
nudc
trong thdi ky qud do lin chu nghia xd hdi
(Cuong ITnh
1991);
Chien lugc phat tridn kinh
td-xa hdi
2011

- 2020; nhirng van de phat tridn
dit nudc se dugc thd hidn Uong cac van kidn
ciia
Dai hdi XI.
- Nghidn cim, khao sat thuc td, tdng kdt
thuc tidn, not ra nhimg van de ly luan, giai dap
nhung van dd birc xuc
ciia
dat nudc dat ra. Cd
thd kd ra
la;
van de dang vidn lam kinh td tu
nhan; van dd kinh td thi tmdng dinh hudng xa
hdi chil nghTa; van dd sd hiru; van dd nha
nudc phap quydn xa hdi
chii
nghTa
ciia
dan. do
dan, vi dan dudi
sir
lanh dao
ciia
Dang; van dd
quan he ddi ngoai Uong didu kidn md cira,
toan ciu hoa va hdi nhap qudc td, v.v. Nhung
vin dd dd da duge due not qua nghidn cim,
khao sat thuc te, tdng kdt thuc tidn. Ndi mdt
TAP CHi UCH SLF
DANG

-
S(!)
1/2010
43
OANG
LANH DAO
CONG
cuOc D6I MOI
each khac, neu khdng cd su nghidn cim, khao
sat thuc td, tdng kdt thuc tien dd thi
klidng
thd
cd nhimg kdt luan mdi trong cac van kien
eiia
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam trong nhung nam
ddi mdi, vi nhimg van dd dd khd cd thd tim
thay Ur
sir
chi din cu thd Uong
chii
nghia Mac
- Lenin va tu tudng Hd Chi Minh.
- Ddi ngii can bd nghidn cim ly luan da
dugc Dang ta
chii
y xay dung dd trd thanh
mdt ddi ngii ngay cang dugc nang eao vd mat
tri thirc va tu duy sang tao, cd pham chat dao
dire tdt. Cdng tac dao tao, bdi dudng can bd
ly

luan chinh tri da dugc quan tam chu y hon.
Ddi sdng vat chat, tinh than, dieu kidn
lam
vide
ciia
ddi ngu nghidn cim
ly
luan,
dac bidt
la ddi ngii giang vidn eac mdn ly
luan
Mac -
Lenin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh trong ca nudc
da dugc Dang quan tam.
Trdn day la mdt sd thanh
tim
co ban
ciia
cdng tac nghidn cim ly luan
ciia
Dang trong
gan 25 nam dat nude tien hanh ddi mdi. Song,
ndi nhu vay khdng cd nghTa la birc tranh chi
toan mau hdng. Nhung ban chd cua cdng tac
dd van cdn khdng it. Van cdn nhieu van dd
ly
luan
ciia
each mang Viet Nam chua dugc lam
sang td, do dd chirc trach soi dudng

ciia ly
luan
dang cdn bj ban chd. Tinh hinh dd dat ra
cho Dang ta phai td chirc nghidn cim sau sac
hon chil nghTa Mac - Ldnin, tu tudng Hd Chi
Minh, cd nhu thd mdi thuc day nhanh hon, tdt
hon
sir
nghidp ddi mdi dat nudc vi muc tidu
cua chil nghTa xa hdi.
2.
Mot so kinh nghiem chii yeu
Tir nhiing kdt qua
ciia
gan 25 nam ddi mdi
Uong
ITnh
vuc nghidn cim ly
luan
cua Dang,
ed thd
riit
ra mdt sd kinh nghidm sau day;
Kien ti-l chu nghia Mdc -
Lenin,
tu tudng
Hd Chi Minh nhimg khdng gido diiu md cdn
vdn
dung sdng tgo vd phdt trien trong diiu
kien mdi

Kinh nghiem cho thay rang, can phdng va
chdng ca hai
sir lech
lac; ca giao dieu, ca xa
rdi nhimg nguydn ly co ban cua
chii
nghTa
Mac - Ldnin, tu Urdng Hd Chi Minh. Giao
didu la con dudng chdt Uong boat ddng
ciia
dang chinh tri. Dang Cdng san Viet Nam ciing
da tra gia cho mdt sd sai lam giao didu Uong
lich sir boat ddng
ciia
minh, rd nhat la trong
tidn hanh each mang mdng dat. Ban than
nhimg nha sang
lap chii
nghTa cdng san khoa
hgc - C.Mac, Ph. Angghen, V.I.Ldnin, va ca
Hd Chi Minh - ddu rat nhan manh den
vide
van dung sang tao nhung van dd
ly luan
vao
didu kien thue td timg
Iiic,
hong noi.
Sir
sup do

ciia
he thdng xa hdi
ehii
nghTa,
sir
tan ra
ciia
Dang Cdng san Lidn Xd va mdt sd dang cdng
san cam quydn trong nhirng nam cudi thd ky
XX cd nguydn nhan sau xa tir
sir
giao didu
ciia
cac dang dd. Thanh cdng
ciia
Dang Cdng
san Viet Nam trong nhung nam ddi mdi cd
nguyen nhan la khdng giao didu Uong
vide
van dung sang tao va phat tridn ehu nghTa
Mac - Ldnin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh. Nhung
trong van dung sang tao va phat tridn
chii
nghTa Mac - Ldnin, Ur Urdng Hd Chi Minh
nhu thd nao dd ma di den
phii
nhan nhung
nguyen ly co ban, nhung gia tri dung dan cua
ly
luan

va
Ur
Urdng dd thi ciing se dan den that
bai
ciia each
mang. Thue td qua trinh nghien
cim ly
luan ciia
Dang ta trong nhiing nam qua
cho thay rat rd van de nay. Chimg ta mudn cd
ca hai; ea khdng giao didu, ca sang tao va phat
44
TAP CHi UCH
SU'
DANG -
S6
1/2010
DANG
LANH DAO
CONG
cuoc
D6\
m\
tridn
ly luan
Mac - Ldnin, Ur Urdng Hd Chi
Minh. Chinh nhu thd mdi che dinh cai khd
khan cua ban than cdng tac ly
luan.
Con

dudng phia tmdc cua cdng tac nghidn cim
ly
luan
ciia
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam vin cdn
nhung khd khan dd ma Dang cin lanh dao
vugt qua.
Chu trgng dgc biet nghiin cdu, khdo sdt
thuc ti, tdng kit thuc tiin di
due riit
nhung
vdn
di ly ludn
Thuc td gan 25 nam qua da dat ra rit
nhieu van de can cd Idi giai dap tir Dang
Cdng san Viet Nam. Cung cd thd tim thiy Idi
giai dap trong kho tang ly
luan
Mac - Lenin.
Ur tudng Hd Chi Minh. Nhung, thuc ra
nhiing van dd
ly
luan trong kho tang dd
chii
ydu la nhiing van dd cd tinh chat phuong
phap luan. Chinh ban than cac vj sang
lap
chil nghTa cdng san khoa hgc ciing khdng it
lan dan
lai

hau thd rang,
chii
nghTa xa hdi
la
thuc td
ciia
hang tridu tridu ngudi khi hg bat
tay vao hanh ddng. Khdng cd mdt md hinh
dung san, khdng cd cdng thirc nao nhu mdt
chide diia than hd vung Idn la mgi
vide
se nhu
y mudn. Mgi vide, chi cd kdt hgp
ly
luan-
thuc tidn mdi giai quydt dugc van dd. Thuc
tidn
eiia
dat nudc Viet Nam va
ciia
the gidi
trong may chuc nam qua cd nhung bidn ddng
khd ludng; cd nhiing
sir
bidn ma khdng cd
mdt bd dc trac viet nao ed thd du kidn mdt
each
chinh xac dugc.
Kinh nghidm cho thay rang, nhung dgt
nghien

ciiu,
khao sat, tdng kdt thue tidn da
giup Dang ta giai quydt dugc nhidu van dd cd
tinh chit
ly
luan ve xay dung Dang cam
quydn trong didu kidn mdi dd giu vimg ban
chat
ciia
Dang, vira lam cho Dang thich hgp
vdi kinh td thi tmdng dinh hudng xa hdi
chii
nghTa,
phii
hgp vdi toan cau hoa, hdi nhap
qudc td; vd phat tridn ndn kinh te; vd giai
quydt mdi quan he giiia ddi mdi kinh td vdi
ddi mdi vd chinh tri; vd tang tmdng kinh td
gan
lien
vdi giai quydt tdt nhung van dd an
sinh xa hdi; vd phat tridn kinh td-xa hdi vdi
bao dam an
ninh-qude
phdng; va ndi chung la
vd phat trien ben viing; vd xac dinh phat tridn
kinh td la nhidm vu tmng tam, xay dung Dang
la nhidm
via
then chdt, v.v.

Thudng
la
Dang ta tim dugc dap sd cho
qua trinh phat tridn
ciia
dat nudc trong nhimg
nam ddi mdi vira qua tir tdng kdt thuc tidn, vi
su nghidp ddi mdi
eiia
nudc ta do Dang ta
khdi xudng va
lanh
dao chua cd tien Id trdn
thd gidi. Trung Qudc la mdt nudc
lang
gidng
cd nhidu didm, nhidu didu kidn gidng nudc ta,
song khdng phai
la
cd thd rap khudn tir kinh
nghidm
ciia
Tmng Qudc. Do vay, can chu
trgng tidp hoc nghien cim ly luan tir nghidn
cuu, khao sat thuc td, tdng kdt thuc tidn. Dd
la
mdt kinh nghidm quy qua gan 25 nam Dang
Cdng san Viet Nam lanh dao tien hanh cdng
cudc ddi mdi.
Chu

trgng
xdy dung
ddi ngii cdn
bd nghiin
cim ly
ludn
Sir
nghidn ciru gan vdi tu duy
ciia
bd dc
con ngudi. Con ngudi
la sir
tdng hoa
ciia
tat
ca yeu td dd thuc day su phat tridn
ciia tir
nhidn va xa hdi. Ly luan Mac - Lenin, tu
tudng Hd Chi Minh chinh
la
ly luan vd giai
phdng con ngudi khdi mgi
sir
ap chd
ciia
Ur
nhidn va ap birc
ciia
xa hdi, de giai phdng Ur
duy, dd con ngudi phat trien toan didn, con

TAP CHi LICH SIJ
DANG - S6
1/2010
45
DANG
LANH
DAO
CONG CUOC
OOl
MOI
ngudi
-voron
tdi cai tat yeu cua tu do.
Kinh
nghiem thuc
te cua gan 25 nam ddi mdi cho
chimg ta thay nhiing didm chu ydu sau day:
- Giai phdng
tu
tuong
cho
nhimg ngudi
lam cdng tac nghien curu
ly
luan.
Dd la tu do
tu tuong.
Cd tu do mdi cc
sang
tao. Lao

ddng khoa
hgc
ly
luan
la lao
ddng sang
tao.
Tu do
la
sir
nhan thirc
va
hanh ddng theo
cai
tat
yeu. Su tu do dd
gan/di lien
vdi
trach
nhidm cdng
dan. la
ldng
>-eu
nude,
y
thirc
xay dung.
Van dd tu do tu
tudng
van cdn

nhidu dieu
de ban.
Song,
tir
thuc
td
nhiing
nam
qua. neu
khdng
cd tu do tu
tudng
thi
chiing
ta
khdng thd dua
ra
nhirng
ket
luan
\d
ly luan chinh
trj ma
trudc
day
khdng
thd
chap nhan dugc. chang ban:
cho
phep dang

vien
lam
kinh
td tu
nhan; thuc
thi ndn
kinh
td
thi
trudng dinh hudng
xa hdi
chii
nghTa;
xay dung nha nudc phap quydn. \'.v.
Cd
giai
phdng
tu
tudng
cho
nhimg ngudi nghidn
cim
ly
luan
thi mdi
tang dugc chat lugng
phan bien
xa hdi.
didu
nay dac

bidt
quy
trong chd
do
mdt dang.
-
Huy
ddng sire manh tdng
hgp
ciia
dat
nudc.
phdi hgp cae nganh. eac cap
td
chirc
tdt
nghidn
cim.
khao
sat
thuc
td.
tdng
kdt
thuc
tien. Nhimg
van dd
thuc
td
thudng didn

ra d
cac
dia
phuong.
do
vay
vai trd
phdi
hgp cua
cac dia phuong
la rat
quan trgng.
Sir
phdi
hgp
nay
lam
sao
dd cd
mdt "hidn tmdng" thuc
ma
trdn
dd
sir
that phoi
bay ra
cho ngudi nghien
cim. tranh dugc
su che
giau.

bi
bidn dang,
nhieu thdng tin. Ngudi nghien cim can su
that,
ho dd mdi tidn hanh nghien cim cd ket qua tdt.
Cdng tac phdi hgp
td
chirc.
do
vay. phai dugc
coi trong dac bidt.
- Chil Ugng
tao mgi
didu kidn
vat
chat
va
tinh than thuan
lgi cho ddi
ngii
can bd
nghien
cim
lao
ddng sang
tao.
Chuydn thudng ngay
ciia
ngudi
can bd

nghidn cim khoa hgc
d
day,
ngoai
mdi
tmdng. ngoai
eo
chd.
cdn cd
"com
ao
gao
tien". Dimg
mac cam vdi
didu
nay.
Dang da cham lo. nhung can cham lo hon niia.
- Chil trgng kidn toan, sap xdp
td
chirc
cac
CO
quan nghidn
cim ly
luan.
dae
bidt
la Hdi
ddng
Ly

luan Tmng uong.
Hgc
vidn Chinh
trj-Hanh
chinh qudc
gia Hd
Chi
Minh, Vidn
Khoa hgc Xa hdi Viet Nam. Tmng uong phai
manh
dan "dat
hang"
eho cac td
chirc
nay,
hudng
cac td
chirc
nay
nghien
cim
nhting
van
dd
thidt thuc phuc
vu cho
sir
phat tridn
cua
dat

nudc.
cho
vide hoach dinh quan
didm. dudng
Idi
ciia
Dang,
chinh sach. phap
luat
cua Nha
nude. Trong
dd,
ehii
trgng
dac
bidt
den eae don vi
true tidp nghien
cim chu
nghTa
Mac -
Ldnin.
tu
tudng
Hd Chi
Minh,
td chirc
cac don
xi
nay

thanh cac
td
chirc cap
qudc
gia.
Dang Cdng
san
Viet
Nam da Uai qua
chang dudng
80 nam ma
tren
dd
Dang timg
bude tmdng thanh
vd mat ly
luan. Dang
da
diic riit
dugc
hj
di
san ly
luan Mac
-
Ldnin. ur
Urdng
Hd Chi
Minh
va tir

thuc
td.
nhiing tinh
tuy ket thanh
ly
luan.
Ly
luan
dd la ly
luan soi
dudng
cho
phat trien
cua
Viet
Nam
Udn con
dudng xa hdi
ehii
nghia.
I. Xin xem Dang Cong san Viet
Nam:
Bdo cdo
long ket mgt so vdn de ly ludn-thitc den qua 20 nam
doi mdi f
1986-2006).
CTQG.
H,
2005.
46

TAP CHi LICH
SLT
DANG
-
S6
1/2010