Mô hình FTTH trên nền công nghệ GPON

HC VI 
C S T H 
KHOA VI
_____________


 
TT NGHII HC

N T - VI
H 
-2012



 :













   12407160163

c hin: 
MSSV: 407160163
Lp: 
ng dn: Th.







01/2012

TP.HCM  2012


HC VI 
C S T H 
KHOA VI
_____________

 
TT NGHII HC

N T - VI

H 
-2012


 :








 




   12407160163




-  TNG QUAN M

.
-   PON.
-  T K FTTH D GPON.
-  
















c hin: 
MSSV: 407160163
Lp: 
ng dn: Th.







01/2012

TP.HCM  2012




 

LI M U 1
NG QUAN V MNG TRUY NHP FTTH 4
1.1. FTTH, AON, PON 4
1.1.1  AON 4
1.2. gi 9
 PON 11
2.1. BPON chun ITU-G.983 11
2.1.1. Kip 11
2.1.2. nh dng khung truyn dn 13
2.1.2.1. Khung ATM 14
2.1.2.2. Khung ng xung 15
2.1.2.3.  16
2.1.3. Bo mt trong BPON 17
2.1.4. Chuyn mch bo v trong BPON 18
2.2. EPON chun IEEE-802.3ah 19
2.2.1. Kip trong EPON 19
2.2.1.1. Lp v 20
2.2.1.2. Giao dic lp 22
2.2.1.3. Lt d liu 22
2.2.2. Cn dn ca EPON 23
2.2.3. Giao thu khim (MPMC) trong EPON 24
2.3. GPON chun ITU-G.984 26
2.3.1. Kip trong GPON 26
2.3.1.1. GPON Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) Layer 28
2.3.1.2. GPON Transmission Convergence (GTC) Layer 29
2.3.2. nh dng khung truyn dn trong GPON 30

2.3.2.1. Cng xung 30
2.3.2.2. C 32
2.3.2.3. u ca GEM 34
2.3.3.  ng (DBA) trong GPON 35
T K FTTH D GPON 36
3.1.  c v ca mt OLT 36
3.2.  n ngh vi b khui 39
: 













45
4.1. 
















 45
4.2. 















 50
4.2.1 

1:  51
4.2.2 


2:  54
4.2.3 

3: 













 55
4.2.4 

4: 







 56





 58
T VIT TT





 C 5
 5
ng FTTH d PON 6
 8
u kia PON 8
1.6N 9
2.1 Kip trong BPON 12
2.2: 

 14
2.3: 





 15
2.4: 






 17
2.5: 









 19
2.6: 





 20
2.7: 





 23

2.8:  25
2.9:  26
2.10: 





 27
2.11 : 



 29
2.12: 



 30
2.13: 



 33
2.14: Cu ca khung GEM 34
3.1: 

 38
3.2: 




2  40
3.3: 





 41
3.4:  42
3.5: 



11b 44
4.1: P-OLT 7432 46
4.2: 

2 52
4.3: 



 53
4.4: 

3 55



B 34
3.1:  37
3.2: 



 41
3.3: 

-T G.652 

 42
3.4:  43
3.5:  44
4.1:  50
4.2: 





 51




SVTH: HU L Trang 1
LI M U

Ti Vit Nam, nhu cu s dng dch v Vic sng
ng thu gii ch
dch v ph
 ly s u v 
 t t Nam
 l ng Internet nhanh nht trong khu vm trong s 
qu l ng cao nh gii. T  i s
d l s dng Internet ca Vit
Nam nu h
ng nhu cu v ch
t ra cho Vi truyn dn.
i m xut hin t c  Vit
al Subscriber Line   bi
xi tr m nhn trong t truyn dn ti Vit Nam. Tuy
n nay vi s
Ti Vi     t Nam sm tr  c mnh v  
a Th  ti Quynh s -TTg
 ng, t ng ti
Vinng
 c, kt nn tt c ng hc, t l  dng Internet

u ti vi th
 khin cho ADSL phi
i nhi th s ng trc tip t
n ci l truyn dn
n). Tt Nam,
 giu h  dng FTTH, con s 
u h  kin s t gn 90 triu h 
dD  nh doanh c

p dch v Internet.[8]
c trin
khai ti Vit Nam vnh.
t trong nh c mng truy
nhp s dng truyn b 
ng: FTTN (Fiber To The Node); FTTC (Fiber To
The Curb); FTTB (Fiber Tc hiu ln

SVTH: HU L Trang 2
i t thit b
quang ti t ng truyn dn quang th ng  PON (Passive
t c n quang ch ng (active) gia t
i s dng s n tt
b quang th   ng d
ng cg quang hc tu cung truyn.
M ng truyn dn quang ch ng AON (Active Optical
Network).
Trong 4 dnh nht v n quc
t        g. Trong FTTH g    
n t truyn
d 1Gbps cho c c
 155,    52 hoc 622,08Mbps ch ng xung (ITU-T
 cao nhi 2,488 Gbps cho c ng (ITU-T G.984).


SVTH: HU L Trang 3
y em ch  t nghi











 nh 


























 , 





 , 
















 -

.























, 







.

Vi d 
 mc c th 
 TNG QUAN MNG 

FTTH
  PON
    T K FTTH D   
GPON
 
















NG QUAN V MNG TRUY NHP FTTH
SVTH: HU L Trang 4
NG QUAN V MNG TRUY NHP FTTH

1.1. FTTH, AON, PON

       ng truy nh      hai
m
m rt ln ca m thit b chuyn
mch. V   hin ti, thit b chuyn mch bt buc phi chuy  u
 i tip tc chuyc l truyn
 m t truyn dn t trong h thng FTTH. N
v  bng thit b i th t b ch ng trong
Ac thay bt b th ng.
ng th
cn b lo mt cao (do vic can thi
ng truyn g), d n, d
nh l c
vt b ng truyu cn ngun cung cp, mt
sn nhi
Trong     ng truy     thit b   
(Optical Line Termination) qua mt thit b  thit b 
mn nhi chia t 32  n
ngun cung c th t bt k u trin khai cho nhi
gi so vn ngu tht kim

nhiu khuy u (do ki
n nhim s n nhng h
hnh lt si quang chung cho nhi
o mng AON  b  liu).

1.1.1 AON
m - t ni gi
t b u cut kt ni trc tit si quang.
Nh  u kt ni t       nh tuyn ca c 
switch, multiplexer ti CO s ng dch v  d

 truyng xung (t 
truy  n CO). Mt c
gic th hin trong 1.1.


NG QUAN V MNG TRUY NHP FTTH
SVTH: HU L Trang 5

 C
M  m rt ln ca mng quang ch     thit b chuyn
mch. V   hin ti, thit b chuyn mch bt buc phi chuy  u
 i tip tc chuyc l truyn
 m t truyn dn t trong h th
ng chuyn m t b n,
p vi vic trin khai ng truy cp.
Vi u truy nhng dch
v  chuyn lung d liu t ch v i
 i trong x t ti OLT ca  t
u   p tn phi s dng mt thit b
 t loi m
bi
cho s  n ca chun 802.3ah nm trong h thng chu  c g 
Ethernet in First Mile (EFM). M      dng chuyn mch
 i s dng. Nh  cung cp
t king chuyn mch Ethernet.
 t do x u tn cp
ngu hong. Vic chuyn mch t p 3 ca c
khung Ethernet. M  trong 1.2.



Switch quang
Central Office
OLT
ONT
ONT
ONT
OLT
Central office
ONT
ONT
ONT
1550 nm
1310 nm


NG QUAN V MNG TRUY NHP FTTH
SVTH: HU L Trang 6
1.1.2 PON
PON  c gng quang th ng, mt
trong nh c s d trong PON tt c
n quang ch ng (active) gia ti s
dng s n tt b quang th 
ng dng c
quang hc tu cung truy truy nh
chia theo thu truy nhp ct
bi gian. Ct mng truy nhp FTTH d PON
 1.3.

ng FTTH d PON

IP Transport Network
ATM network
PSTN/ TDM network
Video/ audionetwork
SBC management systems
VGW EMS
FTTH
EMS
VGW
OLT system
V-OLT
Video coupler
SFU ONT
SFU ONT
SBU ONT
MTU
ONT
MDU
ONT
Splitter 1:N
PON


NG QUAN V MNG TRUY NHP FTTH
SVTH: HU L Trang 7
n trong m PON g
OLT (Optical Line Termination)
 t  n mch (CO  m v giao tip vi
ng dch v t nu truy nhp cng


 n d liu t mng dch v i cho user.
ng thi s  lic khi gng dch v.
  phc v c d ng xung ca
mi ONT. Nu m l 
  kt ni gi
S N
: P-OLT 7432 cng xung, m
port, t l   phc v n:
14 x 4 x 64=3584 ONT
ONT (Optical Network Termination)
 t cuc thit b 
dch liu truy nhp t 
chuy
 Gi:
- t b t   
nh    n tho  p
10/100 bT Ethernet.
- MDU ONT: phc v i nhi
cu v dch v cung cp nhiu giao ti tr
giao tip dch v nhi
- B-c cung cp hoc
mt cp loi nh.  p dch v triple
 play (voice, data, video).
 Nn vm v chuyi quang-
hiu t p dch v xuc lc
ng xuu ch c truy


 si quang duy nhi ONT, xen gin

s  th 
 c din gii trong 1.4.


NG QUAN V MNG TRUY NHP FTTH
SVTH: HU L Trang 8


VGW (Voice Gateway): giao tip gia PON ti mng PSTN/TDM.
V-ONT (the Voice ONT): nh       u video t mng
Video/Audio.
EMS (The Element Management Systems): giao tip t n m
SBC.
ODN (Optical Distribution Network): m     p hp nhiu
 c sp xp theo kiu    c v c 
cung cp dch v. (1.5)
Kic s dng hi
1.6.
1.5 u kia PON
(a) Ki dng b 1:N)
(c) Ki dng b 
(b) Ki dng b 
(d) Kii mt trung k tha (s dng b chia 2:N)
B 

Diplexer
Optical block

B nhn

1310 nm
1490 nm


NG QUAN V MNG TRUY NHP FTTH
SVTH: HU L Trang 9

1.6N
V  i 70 Km. Tuy
i FTTH d  tr t
Km.
 n kt ni quan trng nh
Spliter.
 hin quan trng trong mng quang th 
gim thiu s ng si quang s dng trong truyn dn. Mt si quang t CO s ni
tu ra cung cp cho nhiu kt nu t l 
ng PON hai t l c s d


1.2. a AON PON
Trong ph nhm ging
 h tr t n dn, v gia s ng si
quang s dng vi s  vng, v bo mt, v
cung c  t t lun c la chn trin khai
mnh m 
  khon d h tr t
V kho:  h tr chi tr t
20 km t n ONT. m vi phc v cho mt 
mt , 


 p dch v  chn la
p v PON. Mp dch v ng
trin khai nhiu CO nhm ph rng mt c v m m 
vi kho tr  trin khai tc t.
OLT
Splitter 1:4
Splitter 1:16
Splitter 1:16
Splitter 1:16
Splitter 1:16
ONT
n 16 ONT
t
1310 nm
1490 nm


NG QUAN V MNG TRUY NHP FTTH
SVTH: HU L Trang 10
V t h tr t: hin nay AON h tr t 100 Mbps-1 Gbps cho mi
 ng xung, trong khi PON vi chuh h tr n 2,488
Gbps cho c ng xung (n
.
  s ng si quang s dng vi s c v
V s ng si quang s dng,  thy mt ng s si quang
c s dng trong AON nhi si quang s dng trong PON n chiu
 v  bao.
 V bng
thit b n cp ngu ng si quang
nhi     an ch  n n  n khai.    i

PON, mt si quang t CO s c chia s vt thit b th ng
n cp ngu
 V 
i vi AON vimt n
t nhiu. Bi AON, via mt nh
i PON, n
ca mt  t
gim xung.



 PON
SVTH: HU L Trang 11
 PON

N c truy chai lo
ci gian (TDM/TDMA-
(WDM/WDMA-PON).   Tt nghi truy cp
     /TDMA PON v    APON/BPON (ATM
PON/Broadband 

2.1. BPON chun ITU-G.983
 c g.
 BPON s d
 dng cell ATM trong truyn dn.
 Khon dn t  10  20 km.
 BPON s d            ng
xung video  ng xung.
 Theo khuyn ngh nh t download cho BPON 
5

t 1244,ng th dng hai
si quang cho mt kt n dng  ng xu
c t  t si quang.
 i thit k cho ODN (mi quang) gi
ph thua ODN.
- Loi A: 5  20 dB
- Loi B: 10  25 dB
- Loi C: 15  30 dB

2.1.1. Kip
BPON ghai lp vp hi t
truyn dn (Transmission Convergence Layer). Trong lp hi t truyn d
hai lp con: l      p con truyn dn PON (PON
Transmission).



 PON
SVTH: HU L Trang 12

2.1 Kip trong BPON
 Lp v
 t ni vm v chuyi
quang - u ch, giu ch 
 truyng v
 ng b gia truyn chu ng b gi

 nh cho lp v
- Kho
-    -       -    ng

xung.
- T bit: 155,52 hoc 622,ng xu52 Mb/s cho

- Du s  duy nhng xung
n video.
- T l splitter: h tr n 1:32, gii hn bi suy hao ca ODN.
 Lp hi t truyn dn (Transmission Convergence Layer - TC):
bn chnh t o chu kii
 t ng cho khung truyn dn. TC gp
con:
 L(Adaptation) p ph thung truyn d
a lp v chun b mt
 truyng b tng
payload. Ti    ng SN (Sequ   
(Sequence Number Protection) nhu thu bi
th t   48
 
Path layer
Transmission
convergence
layer
Adaptation
PON
transmission
Physical medium layer
Physical
Data Link
Network
Transport
Session

Presentation
Application
OSI
BPON


 PON
SVTH: HU L Trang 13
 Lp con truyn dn PON (PON Transmission) chng b bit,
ng b i vng truyn, thc hin
khung truyn dn xung lp vi vng nhn, thc hi
 x 
 Lp tuyn (Path layer)
BPON dt kt nng ph
n d liu. Lp tuyn s 
trong m          ual Curcuit
 c chuyn mch d 

2.1.2. nh dng khung truyn dn
 truyn d
i vi t 155,52 Mb/s s 
trong mt khung (g- Physical Layer Operation,
i vi t 622,08 Mb/s (gp 4 l cell
trong mt khung s l PLOAM).
Vi khuyn ngh n ngh t t truyn dn 
ng xu1244,16 Mb/s (8 x 155,52  ng cell s 

     t sc quan trng trong ho ng truyn dn ca
BPON.      ng hp vi    ng (DBA)
c thit li mt hay nhiu

cell k ti 
ONT g    tr   i, h tr     
ng.
  t ging xu
i vng xun ba t (155,52;622,08;1244,16 Mb/s)
  mt khung th
 i vn  t
mt ng xung.



 PON
SVTH: HU L Trang 14
2.1.2.1. Khung ATM
D lic truyn d cn
hi       n khung truyn dn trong
BPON.

2.2: 




n Payload cha d liu
 chuyn m
UNI (cell do thit b u cui gn ma hai
node chuyn mng GFC. Trong Header c
nhn sau:
 GFC (Generic Flow Control):Cung cp cht ni b khi
 u thit b   t b u cui) chia s chung mt giao din

c thit l m

 Virtual Path Identifier (VPI):v chnh
 tic chuyn qua m  chuyn mch ATM

 Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI):v ch
 tic chuyn qua m chuyn mch

 Payload Type (PT):  ch nh cell cha d liu
u khin (nu cell cha d li
   1 nu cell chu khin). Bit th hai
cho bit trc ngh c nghng 1 nu
c nghn). Bit th a chui
 a khung).
VPI
I

VPI
Payload
(48 bytes)

Header
(5 bytes)
Payload
(48 bytes)

Payload
(48 bytes)

53

by
tes
8 bits
GFC
PT
CLP
HEC
HEC
PT
CLP
ATM cell
ATM UNI cell
ATM NNI cell
VPI
VPI
I

VPI
VCI
I

VPI
VCI
I

VPI


 PON
SVTH: HU L Trang 15

 Cell Loss Priority (CLP):Trong ruyng s ng
tc nghn xy ra, CLP cho bit li c b  tip tc
c chuyc ngh
 phi b ng h
 Header Error Control (HEC):   ca checksum c    
 sc mt li trong 5 byte c 
gi i b i.

2.1.2.2. ng xung
2.3: 

  BPON

H
E
C
M
ES
SA
G
E_
ID
20-26
4-10
12-18
nh dng khung truyn ng xung t 155,52 Mb/s
53 bytes
i cell
PLOAM 1
PLOAM 2

Cell
ATM 1
Cell
ATM 27
Cell
ATM 28
Cell
ATM 54


1 khe thi gian
nh dng ng xung
0000
S th t ca byte trong khung
1
2-3
11
19
28-33
27
34
35
36
47
48
header
7 grants
7 grants
7 grants
6 grants

10 message field
MS
G_
PO
N_
ID
C
R
C
C
R
C
C
R
C
C
R
C
ID
E
N
T
SY
NC
BI
P
C
R
C

 PON
SVTH: HU L Trang 16
Cell PLOAM (Physical Layer Operation, Administration and Maintenance): Qun
ng lp vt 
  c 
correction) ti sa li (na header nh
a khung PLOAM.
 ng IDENT cho bit li    
lung xu
 ng b c s d mt u
tham chi
 Mng cng 27 grant, mt b 6 hoc bo
v bng chui CRC (cyclic redundancy check). Mt grant s cho ONT bit khi
c gi mt chui cell ATM d liu ho u ONT chy
li ti
 MSG_PON_ID s t Node bi
y   ra lo     p 10
byte (10 message field) theo sau.
 10 message field: OLT s t thi
ho 
 BIP (Bit-I l bit li b
m tra bit chn l.

2.1.2.3. Khung 
           
o mt khong thi gian bo v nhm
ng h sai l ng thi 3 byte
o mt khong thi gian cn thi  cu,
cung cp mt khong thng b 

 PON
SVTH: HU L Trang 17
4 fixed
bytes
10 message bytes
17 laser control field (LCF)
bytes
16 receiver control field
(RCF) bytes
53 bytes
header
header
header
1
2
3
4 - 13
15 - 31
14
32 - 47
48
H
E
C
M
ES
SA

G
E_
ID
MS
G_
PO
N_
ID
ID
E
N
T
C
R
C
BI
P
S th t ca byte trong khung
nh dng 
2.4.

2.4: 






  
ca khung.

             
ng xu u khic cha

            
Administration and a ONT g
c kii dp theo.
  u khin laser): 17 byte c
nhim v cung c mt las l suy hao, vic
u chm b
su
  u khing
 c mt mng hnhu ch
c hai mu.
 BIP (bit-    m v  ng BIP trong cell
PLOAM  ng xu l l

2.1.3. Bo mt trong BPON
 bo mt,  m chc chn
rng lung d ling xuc nhn bc ch nh ch i bt

 Churning liu xu
n trt t   c ch nh bip xp li
bng mi do OLT cu t OLT,
4 fixed
bytes
10 message bytes
17 laser control field (LCF)
bytes
16 receiver control field
(RCF) bytes

53 bytes
header
header
header
1
2
3
4 - 13
15 - 31
14
32 - 47
48
H
E
C
M
ES
SA
G
E_
ID
MS
G_
PO
N_
ID
ID
E
N
T

C
R
C
BI
P
S th t ca byte trong khung
nh dng 


 PON
SVTH: HU L Trang 18
ONT s gi m 
m
 : lung d liu s n nhn.

t v c  mi ln mt ONT gi d li
s   u phn x quay tr l  t bn sao c   (phn x t 
splitter, m  x 
 lit qui chun c th cho v  c
khuyn ngh rng trong v thit kn suy hao do phn x t 
i nh 

2.1.4. Chuyn mch bo v trong BPON
Lung d liu truyt mng cy ra nu tuyn
truyn dn v i quang b t?
u y kh nh s cn thit cho v  chuyn mch bo v. Trong
khuyn ngh n mch bo v trong PON.
 : Splitter i 1:N, ch i
quang t OLT kt ni phi
i. Khi mt trong hai si b t, OLT s u khi 

ng chuyn qua si.
 : Ti  c trang b hai b u, mt b
hot b d i quang t hai b t nn splitter
loi 2:N. Khi sng b t, OLT s u khi b d
     ng s c chuyn qua kt ni gia b  
splitter.
 : C c trang b hai b u, mt b
hot b d  c lt
hai b. Khi mt trong hai si quang gic gi
ONT b  u khin cho b  ng
ng thi s  c lng h
Trong c ba u xy ra mt trong ba ng hp OLT, ONT ho
splitter b hng s b mng thi, trong c 
khi si quang b c chn rng s t phng s b mt. Vic
ng b th  n mch nhanh
hay chm.


 PON
SVTH: HU L Trang 19

2.5: 










trong PON

2.2. EPON chun IEEE-802.3ah
EPON  Ethernet passive optical network   hi lic
n Ethernet.   
n IEEE-802.3ah vp trong
 nh dng khung truyn dn, giao th u khi  m   
RANGING.

2.2.1. Kip trong EPON
c ghai ng vi hai l
Lp vPhysical layer) Lt d liu (Data
Link layer).
Optical
OLT
ONT
ONT
Electrical
Electrical
Electrical
1:N splitter


OLT
ONT
ONT
Electrical
Electrical
1:N splitter

1:N splitter
Electrical
E/O
E/O
O/E
O/E
O/E
O/E
Optical
OLT
ONT
ONT
Electrical
Electrical
Electrical
2:N splitter
E/O
E/O
2
Optical