di sản bảo tồn lễ hội báo bản làng nộn khê

BO VAN
HOA ^
THONG
TIN
CHUONG
TRINM
BAO TON
Dl SAN VAN HOA
PHI
VAT THE
NAM 2004
BAO BAM LANG NON KHE
iurti.i
YizHMO'
liHH
NINH
BINH)
iOA
.
THONG
TIN NINH
BINH
Tkuc
hien
'
2004
BO
VAN
HOA
THONG
TIN

CHJONG
TRINH
BAG
TON
CAC
Dl
SAN VAN HOA
PHI
VAT THE
NAM 2004
******* HIL4
*******
7
7
Dl
SAN
BAO
TON
LE
HOI BAO
BAN LANG
NON KHE
•
•
(XA YEN
TLf-
HUYEN
YEN
MO
-

TINH
NINH BINH)
Ty
*k^.
<[U-
^
^
X
L^.
2-
D:
Y^
X
X
z
y-
\
\
1^'
r<^
jo^
1
^
SCi VAN HOA THONG TIN NINH BINH
Thuc hien-
2004
CHI DAO
THl/C
HIEN
Bui Xudn Cu:

Giam doc Sa Van hoa Thong tin Ninh
Binh
NHtJNG
NGl/C)I THUC
HIEN
-Nguyen
Dice
Long
Pho Giam doc So Van hoa Thong tin Ninh Binh
-Nguyen Quang Hdi
-Nguyen Trong
Vinh
NHQNG
NGUOI CUNG CAP TU LIEU:
l-6ng
Biii
Xuan Nhat
- 62
tuoi, ngirdi lang
NOn KhS
2-Ong Pham Ngoc
Cirong
- 65
tuoi, ngudi lang
Non Khe
3-Ong
Biii
Huy Tap - 63
tuoi, ngudi lang
Non Khe

NGUOI CHAP BUT KHAO TA:
Nguyen Quang
Hai - Sd Van hoa
Thong
tin
Ninh Binh
Ninh Binh, thdng
7
ndm 2004
CO QUAN QUAN LY
DU
AN
Vien Van hoa Thong tin
(Bo Vdn hod Thong tin)
CO QUAN THUC HIEN
So Van hoa Thong tin Ninh Binh
>«
— ^
Tren dia ban tinh Ninh
Binh
noi rieng va a hau het cac
viing
mien
trong ca
nirdc
ta co rat nhieu li hoi truyen thong ma cho den nay (nam
2004) viec thdng ke day
dii
va phan loai cac
1§

hoi truyen thong a cac dia
phuong dudng nhu
vSn
con dang tiep
tiic
vdi thdi gian, ddi hoi nhieu nd
lire
va cong phu.
Mdi
\h
hoi truyen thdng chinh la mot
sii
hoi
tii
cac sinh hoat van hoa
cong dong: Van hoa tam linh, van hoa nghe thuat dan gian - truyen thdng
va hien dai, la noi, la dip the hien nhihig di san - gia tri van hoa vat the va
van hoa phi vat the. Ben canh
nhixng
net chung -
dae
trung ciia
Id
hdi truyen
thdng tren dia ban
thi
cd
nhiing
ll hdi truyen thdng the hien
sac

thai rieng,
doc dao
vl
ndi dung ll thiic va hdi thiic so vdi cac
11
hoi truyin thdng khac.
Ll hdi Bao ban lang Ndn Khe (xa Yen
Til
- huyen Yen Md - linh
Ninh Binh) la mot trong cac ll hdi lang ndi tieng tren dia ban trong va ngoai
pham vi tinh nha - vl ca quy md, diln trinh va mot sd ll thirc
tir
lau da trd
thanh net
dae
trung, ddc dao va
dae
sac.
Vl y nghia ciia ten goi "Bao ban" cd the hieu nhu sau:
"Bao"
nghia la "bao dap", "bao cdng".
"Ban" nghia la "gdc" (que huong ban quan).
"Bao ban" nghia la bao dap cdng
diic
ciia tien nhan, dng cha, nhirng
ngudi cd cdng lao khai
kh^n
dat dai, lap dung xdm lang.
Nghi ll dae sac ciia Ll hdi Bao ban lang Ndn Khe cung chinh la su
the hien dao ly "Ud'ng nudc nhd ngudn" cua van hoa Vict Nam, va da, dang

va se trai qua bao cac the he, ddng ho trong mdi mdt cdng ddng lang xa am
^m,
bin
chat, gdp phan tao lap, duy
tri
ban sac van hoa ciia cdng dong cac
dan tdc Viet Nam.
UE
'KOI
mo (B^THLjmq
^63^X0-
Nhu vay, Ll hdi Bao ban lang Ndn Khe (bao gom cac dang thuc bao
tdn: van tu, hinh anh
tinh,
hinh anh ddng ) la mdt du an thudc
"Qiuong
trinh bao tdn, phat huy cac gia tri van hoa phi vat the nam 2004" do Bd Van
hoa Thdng tin chi dao thuc thi. Du an nay do Sd Van hoa Thdng tin Ninh
Binh thuc hien, vdi su hudng dan
true
tiep ciia Vien Van hoa Thdng tin
thudc Bd Van hoa Thdng tin.
Sd Van hoa Thdng tin Ninh
Binh
- Co quan thuc hien du an tran trong
gidi thieu, bao cao ket qua du an nay.
Ninh Binh, ngdy 30 thdng 6 ndm 2004
Chu nhiem
ehuong
trinh

GIAM DOC
S6
VAN HOA THONG TIN NINH BINH
Biii
Xudn
Cic.
OE
KOI
(B/O
(BAO^Lji^q
m^TK^KE
PHAN
THir
NHAT
LANG NON KHE VA
LI
HOI BAO BAN TRUYEN THONG
• •
I- MAY NET CO BAN VE LANG
NON
KHE.
Lang Ndn Khe thudc xa Yen
Tijr,
huyen Yen Md tinh Ninh
Binh.
Ndn
Khe
each
tinh ly - thi xa Ninh
Binh

khoang 25 km ve phia tay nam,
each
huyen ly Yen Md (thi tran Ngd) 5km vl hudng ddng nam, theo dudng 59B.
Phia bac giap vdi xa Yen Phong, phia nam giap vdi sdng But (phan
tiS'p
ndi vdi sdng Vac), phia tay tiep giap vdi sdng Trinh, phia ddng giap vai
lang Quang
Tijr
ciing xa.
Lang phan bd thanh 4 xdm la: xdm
Chiia,
xdm
Thugng,
xdm Trung
va xdm Cau, vdi tong sd tren 400 hd gia dinh. Qua thdng ke, ca lang cd tdi
26 ddng ho da trai qua hon 20 the
h6,
trong dd ddng ngudi hon la tam ddng
ho (dugc dan lang menh danh "chinh thdng"): ho Bui, Dinh, Pham, Cao,
Mai, Le, Tran, Nguyin. Ho Biii d day dugc menh danh la ho "chiem xa",
"ho gdc" (khai hoang lap ap dau tien, sdm hon so vdi cac cu dan thudc cac
ho khac trong lang).
Vl
t^n
goi Ndn Khe, cac cu gia ngudi lang giai thich nhu sau:
"Ndn" (cdn goi la Nudn) cd nghia la "non tre"
"Khe"
nghia la "sudi"
Ndn khe cd nghia la: "Ddng sudi mdi khai nguon".
Sd

dl
cd ten lang Ndn Khe vi: vao thdi hau Le (Khoang nhirng nam
1470 - 1479 mot sd ngudi dan tir viing Luc Ndn Nam Chau (nay thudc
huyen Binh Luc, tinh Ha Nam) di cu den vung dat cdn hoang so nay de khai
kh^n
dat dai, sinh co lap nghiep.
Theo
toe
pha ho Bui Ndn Khe, nam 1470 cu Bui Cdng Man (dugc dan
lang tdn vinh la "Cu Bui chiem xa")
tijr
Nam Luc Non den noi day khai
OE
KOI
mo (BATHLATHq
3<6^%^
hoang lap
a'p.
Ve phia tay khu ap mdi lap cd mdt con sudi nho rat dep,
ngudn nudc mat lanh. Cu Bui Cdng Man ciing cac cu la thuy td cua cac
ddng hg d day ben lay
chQ
"Ndn" la chii cudi cua ten que
cQ
ghep lai vdi
chii "Khe", dat ten la Ndn Khe vdi y nghia, tam nguyen la lang que mdi cd
ddng sudi mdi dugc khai ngudn, xanh tuoi, trong mat. Cu lam sd
ta'u
trinh
iSn

vua (nien hieu Hdng
Diic)
va dugc nha vua ra sac chi cdng nhan ten
lang Ngn Khe. Cu lai diing ra phan chia
diu
rugng dat da dugc khai
khdn
cho dan lang.
Mudn den lang Ndn Khe cd the di bang hai tuyen dudng, dudng bd va
dudng thuy nhu sau:
- Dudng
bg:
Tir thi xa Ninh Binh theo Qudc
Id lA
(tuyen Ninh Binh-
Thanh Hoa 9 km den nga ba Binh Son, re trai theo dudng 5B 10 km, den
chg Ldng (Yen Phong), di tiep khoang 2 km la den noi.
- Dudng thuy:
Tit
ben Non Nudc (thi xa Ninh Binh) di thuyen theo
ddng sdng Van 6 km den nga ba sdng Cau Yen, re trai vao sdng Vac, di 15
km den ben dd
Diic
Hau (xa Khanh Hdng), re trai vao sdng cau But khoang
3 km, re phai vao sdng Trinh di khoang 500 m la den Ndn Khe.
Tii thud lang Ndn Khe mdi dugc khai lap, vao thdi Le So, vua Le
Thanh Tdng cho dap con de ngan nudc man vung bai bdi ven bien de md
rgng dat dai canh tac, rugng dat noi day trd nen mau md, tien lgi san xuat
va xdm lang qua mdi nam mdt trd nen tru
phii.

Trai qua cac thdi ky lich sir cho den nay, lang Ndn Khe ndi tieng khap
gan xa ve
sir
doan ket cdng ddng lang xa, su tuong than tuong ai trong lam
an sinh sdng, sinh hoat thudng ngay va ndi tieng vl nhiing thuan phong my
tuc the
hi6n
rd nhat trong sinh hoat van hoa dan gian, ll hdi truyin thdng.
Qua hai cugc khang chien chdng thuc dan Phap va de qudc My, rat
ddng dao nhiing ngudi dan lang Ndn Khe (gdm 4 xdm da neu tren) da hang
hai len dudng chien dau va phuc vu chien dau bao ve td qudc, que huong.
L<E
KOI mo
(BymcMfq
wdw^c^
Trong sd dd cd tdi 95 ngudi da anh diing hy sinh, trd thanh nhiing anh
hiing, liet sy; mdt sd la thuong binh.
Dan lang Ndn Khe tir xa xua den ngay nay ndi tieng vl hieu
hge,
xua
kia lang cd nhilu ngudi dd dat cao. Hien nay cd hang chuc tien sy va thae
sy, hang tram cii nhan, can bd da hoac dang cdng tac d nhieu nganh trong
ca nudc, thg ky thuat cd tay
nghi
cao la ngudi lang Ndn Khe. Hang nam,
vao dip let Nguyen dan dae biet la vao dip Ll hdi Bao ban, ddng dao
nhung
gia dinh, ca nhan la ngudi lang Ndn Khe dang cdng tac va lam an sinh sdng
0 nhilu tinh, thanh phd trong nudc va nudc ngoai hau het van giir le xua,
chu tat trd ve de ciing nhau du

11
bao dap td tien d tai ngdi dinh lang lich
sir.
Ndn Khe la mdt trong sd khdng nhilu lang que trong ca nudc hien
van
bao tdn va phat huy dugc hau nhu toan bd cac di san van hoa truyin
thdng kha phong
phii,
da dang, dae sac bao gdm ca van hoa vat the va phi
vat the.
- Cac di san van hoa vat
the
tieu bieu:
* Dinh ldng Non Khe toa lac tai xdm Trung (mdt xdm d dia ban
trung tam
ciia
lang). Ngdi dinh nay cd quy md kha
Idn,
dugc xay dung tii
thdi Hau Le (theo truyin thuyet dan gian ma cac cu cao ludi ngudi lang kl
lai).
Dinh lang thd 3 danh nhan lich sii ndi
tiliig,
thanh hoang lang (hg Bui),
26 cu td cac ddng hg trong lang, 95 liet sy la ngudi Ndn Khe. (Khao la d
muc 02,
phSn thii
nhat).
*
Chua Nghiem Khdnh

Tit
loa lac tai xdm Chiia
Ihugc
lang Ndn
Khe.
Ngdi chiia nay dugc tao dung each ngay nay khoang hon ba tram nam,
va dugc tu
sira,
tdn tao nhilu lan qua cac thdi ky, giai doan lich
sir.
Qua lan
lu sira va xay dung mdi gan day nhat - tii trudc nam 2000 den nay -
\(iy
cdng
siic,
tiln cua ciia nhan dan dia phuong ddng gdp, chua Nghiem Khanh
Tu nay that
bl
the, khang
Irang
va tdn nghiem, do nha su La Nggc Ve (huy
la La Thi Sdi), nay la su cu, 85 ludi (da tiing tu hanh khi mdi 5 tudi)
Iru
tri.
LJKQI mo (BMfEjhfq mO^TQUE
Trong khudn vien chiia Nghiem Khanh Tu (ve
phia
ben phai ngdi
chiia, theo hudng di vao chua cd mdt ngdi
phii,

thd
Lilu
Hanh Cdng Chiia
dugc coi la mdt trong "Tii' bat tir" d Viet Nam.
* Nhd thd to ho
Biii:
C)
xdm Trung, dugc coi la nha thd thanh hoang
lang. Noi day thd cu Bui Cdng MSn la ngudi cd cdng khai dan lap ap noi
day ma dan dia phuong menh danh la "Cu Bui chiem xa". Ngdi nha thd nay
gdm 3 gian, tudng xay mai ngdi, cdng, tudng bao khudn vien tua nhu cac
ngdi nha d trong cac lang Viet Bac Bd phd bien, than thudc.
* Nhd truyen thdng Non Khe (cdn ggi la Nha van hoa lang): toa lac
tren dia ban xdm Trung, gan dinh lang. Noi day diln ra cac cugc hdi hgp
cua can bd va nhan dan lang Ndn Khe, cac hgi nghi. Nha truyin thdng lang
Ndn Khe
hi6n
nay tuy chua thuc su dugc kien cd hoa (cdn
Igp
ngdi tay)
song day la mdt cdng trinh thiet che van hoa lang thd hien dai cdn dang la
kha hiem tren dia ban toan tinh. Ngdi nha truyin thdng 5 gian rdng rai,
thoang dang nay dugc xay dung tren mdt gd dat ndi, toa lac
giu^a
mdt hd
nudc rdng, vudng
viic,
xung quanh cd tudng xay bao bgc. De ra vao nha
truyin thdng nay (tii mdt con dudng da dugc rai nhua chac chan vao den
nha truyin thdng) mgi ngudi di bd qua mdt cay cau xi mang dang cong

cong, xinh xan, soi bdng xudng hd nudc lung linh, lam tang them net
hiiu
tinh.
*
Cho
Non Khe (Nudn Khe): la mdt "chg que" ndi tieng cua ca mot
viing, da ndi tieng tii xua. Khu chg la mot khoang binh dia rdng, gan kl vdi
dinh lang va nha truyin thdng Ngn Khe (cung thudc xdm Trung). Trudc
kia, chg Ndn Khe ndi tieng vdi nhirng mat hang thu cdng nhu: ndn la, hang
may mac va
nhutig
mdn qua que dae sac dugc che bien kheo leo, linh te lii
cac ngudn luong thuc va thuc
phdm.
Hien nay chg Ndn Khe (hgp hang
ngay)
vSn
nhdn nhip ddng vui, quy tu ngudi mua, ngudi ban den lir khap
cac viing trong va ngoai huyen Yen Md, tinh Ninh Binh
*
Cde
mon
dm
thuc d Non Khe: mdi viing que tren dia ban ca nudc
thudng cd nhiing mdn dae san dia phuong vdi nhirng huong vi ddc dao do
L4K6I
mo
(BA^N'Ljhrq
mj^T<:H^
dieu kien vl

khi
hau va thd nhudng ma cd dugc. Song d lang Ndn Khe thi
CO
kha nhilu nhirng mdn
im
thuc dugc che bien tir ngudn luong thuc, thuc
phdm
kha phd bien, rdng rai ma mang gia tri
dae
sac khd quen ddi vdi ddng
dao du khach gan xa. C6 the ke den cac mdn an dae sac nhu: Gid triing (gid
lam bang thit
Ign
nac xay ket hgp vdi tning ga luge); mdn cudn tdm; mdn
nem ran; mdn luon om
cii
chudi; mdn banh liing (gan gidng banh trdi d
nhilu noi, song rat
dae
sac va ddc dao); mdn xdi gae; mdn mgc ran va kha
nhilu mdn an khac niia. Su
dae
sac
ciia
cac mdn an ke tren la do
sir
ket linh
nhiing tai nghe che bien
ciia
nhilu the he dan lang Ndn Khe ma cd. Bi quyet

CO
ban d day la: viec chgn
lira
luong thuc, thuc
ph^m
gia vi mdt
each
thiic
nghiem ngat, ky
eang
va "quy trinh" che bien dugc thuc hien nghiem
liic
theo diing vdi truyin thdng
ciia
ban dia lau dai. Cd mdt bi quyet quan trgng
niia
de che bien
n^n
cac mdn an
dae
sac d Ndn Khe xua nay la: cac ngudn
nguyen lieu hay thue
phdm
chinh eua mdi mdn phai chinh la ndng san
ciia
dan lang Ndn Khe - cac cu dan
ciia
chinh viing dat "Sudi ngudn tuoi tre"
nay
- Cac di san van hoa phi vat the tieu bieu:

Ndn Khe la mot lang que hien
van
bao tdn dugc nhiing san
phdm
van
hoa phi vat the viia da dang, dae sac, ddc dao, viia kha phd bien d khap dia
ban Bac Bd va ndi chung, phd bien khap trong nudc. Dd la:
+ Nhiing hinh
thitc
diin xudng nghe thuat ddn gian: dugc sang lao,
bd sung qua nhilu nam thang, thdi ky lich sir, cdng vdi
sir
tiep thu kha tu
nhien cd chgn lgc mdt sd tinh hoa qua
nhQ-ng
ndi dung ngdn
nghi
tir cac dia
phuong khac. (Te ll, rude xach, te
nu"
quan, le nam quan, choi cd ngudi,
id
tdm diem, binh tho, da hgi truyin thdng ).
+
Nhiing
phong tuc tap qudn: Da trd thanh thuan phong my luc,
nhiing
le lang (den nay
van
dang la quy udc vl nep sdng, ldi sdng cua loan

the cu dan
ciia
lang) nhu: md
tiee yS'n
lao; ddng gdp tiln
ciia,
cdng
sure
dc
din
on dap nghia ddi vdi cac gia dinh, nhan than cac anh hung, liet sy; gdp
quy cdng
diic
the hien tam long vang de xay dung, tu bd nhiing thiet che
7
LJKdi
mo
(BA^Ljmq
WWTC^
van hoa; ehuong trinh muc lieu khuyen hge, khuyen tai; nhiing lieu
chua'n
va
sir
khuyen khich vl cdng, dung, ngdn, hanh cua ngudi phu nu lai nang,
su hieu hge, can
mSn
va thanh dat
ciia
cac trai lang (xua) va the he
Ire,

khdng phan biet nam nii (nay); su hoa thuan, gan ket vuon len trong cugc
sdng cua mdi gia dinh, ddng hg
+ Pham hanh vd nghe thuat che bien mon dn cua dan lang,
dae
biet
la phu
nii
ngudi lang Ndn Khe: dugc hau
h^'t
dan lang Ndn Khe quan tam.
Day la mdt "tieu
chu^n
truyin thdng" ma cac bac bd lao d Ndn Khe ke
rang: da cd tir rat lau ddi de lam nen nhiing mdn an ndi tieng va trd thanh
mdt nilm tu hao
ciia
dan lang Ndn Khe.
- Non Khe - Lang Van hoa tieu bieu.
Theo
nhung
lieu
chu^n
quy udc vl lang van hoa cua Bd Van hoa
Thdng tin hien hanh thi Ndn Khe da, dang
xiing
dang la mdt Lang Van hoa
lieu bieu
trfin
pham vi trong va ngoai tinh.
+ Ve tieu chuan

thit
nhdt: Cd ddi sdng kinh te dn dinh va tirng budc
phat trien: kinh te cac hg gia dinh d ca 4 xdm thudc lang Ndn Khe dae biet
la tii khi tien hanh cugc ddi mdi vdi chinh saeh cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai
hoa ndng
nghi6p
ndng thdn da khdng ngiing dugc dn dinh va nang cao - so
vdi thdi gian trudc kia va so vdi khdng
it
cac dia ban ndng thdn (ddng bang)
tren dia ban Bac Bd. (Qua bao cao thanh tich phat trien kinh
i€
ndng nghiep
- ndng thdn Ndn Khe nam 1993 -
dae
biet la vl cac thiet che: dien, dudng,
trudng, tram tren dia ban khu vuc).
+ Ve tieu chuan
thOthai:
Cd ddi sdng van hoa lanh manh, phong
phii.
(Noi dung ndy dd
ducfc
khao td
a
phdn tren).
+ Ve tieu chuan thd ba: Cd canh quan mdi trudng saeh dep: Hau het
cac gia dinh thudc lang Ndn Khe
diu
eu ngu tren mot khoang dia cu kha

vudng van. Hien cdn cd khoang 1/5 sd hd gia dinh cd ao nudc trong pham
vi thd cu. Hau het cac hd gia dinh cd vudn trdng rau va
cay
an qua. Qua sd
lieu thdng ke so bd, cd khoang 1/3 sd hd gia dinh ngoai vudn cay rau qua
aJKoi
mo
^A^Ejmq
WO^'TCT^
thi da va dang cd trdng cay canh cac loai,
chii
yeu la de trang diem cho cho
khudn vien gia dinh. Trong pham vi cac di tich, cac tu diem sinh hoat cdng
ddng lang, cac thiet che van hoa lang (dinh lang, chiia, nha truyin thdng) da
khdng ngirng dugc kien thiet, tu bd, bay
tri
thoang dang, xanh mat, khang
trang, tdn nghiem, saeh dep.
Tir xa xua kia true chinh dudng lang chu yeu d xdm Trung, giua lang
da dugc via gach. Sd
dl
cd dugc nhung quang dudng saeh se, chac chan nay
la do mdt tuc le cua lang quy udc: trudc kia phai ddng gdp mot sd gach
(loai gach that) de xay lat dudng lang.
Nhiing
quang dudng lang dugc
via
gach hien
van
chac chan, du rdng va la hien than cua

nhubng
lam ldng va y
thiic
ciia
nhilu gia dinh, ddng hg trong ca lang ma khach thap phuong nay
van
phai nggi khen. Hau het loan bd he thdng dudng giao thdng lien thdn,
lien xdm d Ngn Khe den nay da dugc rai nhua hoac rai be tdng.
+ Ve tieu chuan thd tu: Chap hanh nghiem chinh cac chu truong,
chinh saeh, phap luat
ciia
Dang va Nha nudc: Vdi truyin thdng van hoa lau
ddi,
truyin thdng yeu nudc, yeu que huong cua ngudi Ndn Khe cung vdi
sir
lanh dao ciia Dang bd,
sir
quan ly, hudng dan cua chinh quyen, doan the dia
phuong, cho den nay cac chu truong chinh saeh cua Dang, Nha nudc
diu
duge nhan dan nghiem chinh chap hanh va thuc hien kha tdt tren co sd tu
giac,
tu nguyen. Nhiing te nan xa hdi (nhu: trdm cap, buon ban va sir dung
ma luy, gay rdi trat tu tri an ) hau nhu dugc ngan ngira tdt trong loan dia
ban cac thdn xdm.
Ndn Khe trd thanh mdt trong hai lang dat danh hieu Lang Van hoa
cap tinh dau lien - tir nam 1994 cua tinh Ninh Binh (ciing vdi lang Phuc Lgc
thudc xa Ninh Phong, huyen Hoa Lu). Cung vao nam 1994, Lang Van hoa
Ndn Khe da vinh du ddn nhan Bang khen cua Bg Van hoa Thdng lin vl
thanh tich cua mdt lang van hoa lieu bieu, dien hinh trong ca nudc. Vl phia

ddng cua lang Ndn Khe la lang Quang Tir - ciing la mdt lang que ndi lieng -
Lang van hoa Quang Tir. Ndn Khe va Quang Tir cd ranh gidi la mdt con
dudng nhua thoang mat, yen vui.
OE
KOI mo
(BjmLjmq
wp^Tc^
Trong nhiing nam qua, Lang Van hoa Ndn Khe da trd thanh mdt dia
chi,
CO
sd cho cac can bd, nhan dan d nhilu dia phuong trong va ngoai tinh
den tham quan, trao ddi va giao luu vdi nhilu ndi dung trong cac
linh
vuc
lich sir, van hoa, kinh te xa hdi
10
UE
KOI
mo (BJlTKLMTq
m^KTCKE
n-
DINH LANG
NON
KHE.
A-
V!
TRI, QUY MO, HIEN VAT (NOI
DIEN
RA
LI

HOI BAO BAN
LANG NON KHE).
Dinh lang Ngn Khe loa lac d vi tri trung tam lang Ngn Khe (thudc
xdm Trung, xa Yen Tir, huyen Yen Md), tren mdt khu dat bang phang cd
dien lich tren hai nghin met vudng.
Dinh dugc bat dau xay tir thdi Hau
Le
(udc doan qua truyin thuyet
dan gian dia phuong la tir khoang cudi the ky
XVII).
Theo cac cu cao tudi
ngudi lang truyin ke thi thiia mdi dugc lap dung, dan lang cdn thua thdt, ddi
sdng cdn khd khan nen dinh Ndn Khe cd quy md nhd, gian luge
Nam Minh Menh thii: mudi
bdy
(1836),
ngdi dinh dugc trung lu tai
thugng luong.
Toa tiln dudng cd ghi ndi dung (bang
chii"
Han): "Hoang trilu Minh
Menh van nien nhat thap nhat lue tai Binh Than manh thu
cde
nhat dao".
Duong thdi, toa tiln dudng nay gdm 5 gian, 2
dl;
toa chinh cung 3 gian, 2
dl.
Phia nam ngdi dinh la khu van chi,
phSn Idn

dugc tao dung bang da
xanh, dugc cham trd cdng phu, linh xao, nhu: ldng banh kien, huong an
Trong thdi ky
chie'n
tranh chdng thuc dan Phap, toa chinh cung va khu van
chi da bi tan pha. Hien nay, dinh Ndn Khe chi cdn lai toa tiln dudng xua,
cd kinh, nhung cd quy md vao loai kha to
Idn
trong vung, kien triic theo
kieu chii "nhat" (hang ngay), gdm 5 gian 2
dl,
dai 20 met, rdng ldi 8 met,
mai
Igp
ngdi nam, dinh hudng tay.
Khudn vien trudc san dinh la vudn cay va ao ca, xanh mat quanh nam.
Mai dao ngdi dinh la hinh lugng cac dau rdng, chac va khoe.
Thim
hien ngdi dinh dugc tao ghep bdi cac phien da xanh vudng
viic,
dai 1,5 m,
rdng 0,5 m, day 0,25 m. Cac cdt, keo, xa, dugc cham trd kha cdng phu. (3
gian giu'a dinh cd
biic
dai tu bang chii Han, phien am la: "Thanh Cung Van
Tue"",
nghia la: Cung kinh
diic
thanh van nam. Phia ben dudi la long cung
11

UE
KOI mo
^ymLJTHq
m^TKM'
cd thd 3 chu vi la: Ddng Hai Dai Vuong Nguyin Phiic, Long Hoa Thuy
Que,
Thuy Tl Long Vuong.
Gian
ben
trai, phia tren cde
biic
dai tu bang
chu'
Han: Phiic Lgc Du
Ddng, nghia la "Phiic Lgc cung hgi tu lai". Phia dudi
biic
dai lu la long
cung thdi "Cu chiem xa Biii Cdng Man" va 26 cu thuy td cua 26 ddng hg
trong lang Ndn Khe.
Gian ben phai,
phia
tren cd
biic
dai tu bang chii Han: Than Dan DI
Hoa, nghia la: Than va dan lay
sir
hoa hgp lam trgng. Phia dudi la long cung
thd 95 anh hung liet
si
la ngudi lang Ndn Khe trong hai cugc khang chien

chdng Phap va chdng My.
Cac bac cao nien ngudi Ndn Khe da vinh bai tho ca trong dinh lang
Ndn Khe, ndi dung nhu sau:
Mot tod long long
di'oig
Men ngang
NgU gifta
bong hoa dimg giiia ldng
Kieu mdu hoa vdn tdi kien triic
Hinh dung thanh
tliodt
hudng phong quang
Trdm ndm gin
giii
nen vdn vdt
Mudn
tlma
cdn nguyen net chii vdng
Vinh
cicu tic
ddy
liuang
khoi ngdt
Lull truyen
ketltecdnh
khang trang.
Cac hien vat chinh trong dinh lang hien cd:
- Long cung (02)
- Kieu song hanh (04)
- Ngai thd

- Cac bu:c cau ddi, dai tu.
- Cac sac phong (28)
12
LE
KOI
mo CBJATHLJTHq
WOWTC^
28 sac phong cu the la:
+ 05 dao sac thdi Hau Le, trong dd gdm: 03 dao sac ddi vua Le Canh
Hung
(1740-1786);
02 dao sde ddi vua Le Chieu Thdng
(1787-1788).
-I-
06 dao sac thdi Tay Son, gdm: 03 dao sac ddi vua Quang Trung
(1788-1792); 03 dao sde ddi vua Canh Thinh (1793-1802).
+ 17 dao sac thdi Nguyin, trong dd bao gdm: 01 dao sac ddi vua Gia
Long
(1802-1819);
02 dao
sk
ddi vua Minh Menh
(1820-1840);
04 dao sac
ddi vua Thieu Tri (1841-1847); 03 dao sde ddi vua Tu Du:c (1848-1883); 01
dao
sde
ddi vua Ddng Khanh (1886-1888); 01 dao sde ddi vua Thanh Thai
(1889-1907); 01 dao sde ddi vua Duy Tan (1907-1916); 03 dao
sde

ddi vua
Khai
Dinh (1916-1925)
(Hien d Ndn Khe edn luu giir nguyen ven cac hien vat tren, kem ban
thdng ke chi tiet).
Nam 2004, Uy ban Nhan dan tinh Ninh Binh - vdi
sir
thdng nhat, hiep
y cua Bd Van hoa Thdng tin - da cap bang edng nhan: Di
lich
lich sir - kien
triic nghe thuat Dinh lang Ndn Khe la Di tich nghe thuat cap tinh.
B- CAC DANH NHAN DUOC THO:
I-
Dong Hdi Dai Vuong - Nguyin Phuc.
Ddng Hai Dai Vuong hg Nguyin, huy Phuc, ngudi xa Doan Tiing,
huyen Gia Lgc,
xii
Hai Duong, limg thi dd Hoang Giap Khoa Quy Dau
(1453) nien hieu Thai Hoa, ddi vua Le Nhan Tdng. Nguyin Phuc lam quan
trong Vien Han lam, giam thi khoa thi nam Quy
Miii
(1463), nam Quang
Thuan thii: tam (1467) bd nham
chiire
Thira Tuyen Tham Nghi xu: Thanh
Hoa.
Sde
du rdng:
" Nam trudc sai ngudi di

sii
phuong Bdc, dugc manh khoe ma vl,
nam nay cho ggi lai dang ldi dang khen, nay sai giam thua Nguyin Ldi
mang bac thudng cho de
neu
long trung het tinh vi ta
nen
nhan lay".
13
UE
KOI mo
(Bj^Ljmq
jA/pw/c^
Bay gid vua nudc Xiem la Tra Toan cay minh hiing manh thudng dem
quan xam pham, quay nhilu bien gidi, lai cau nha Minh vien trg dl danh
chiem nudc ta. Nam 1470, vua Le Thanh Tdng dich than dem quan di binh
Chiem, phong Thira Tuyen Tham Nghi Nguyin Phuc lanh chiic Ddc Luong
dd ehi huy. Doan
thuyin
luong bi sdng nudc to can trd, sai lo ky hen, tudng
chi huy phai chiu quan
Hhap
ldi chet. Nang hau My Da dem linh ciiu dng vl
an tang tai khu lang Cd Da, huyen Yen Md, gan noi dng ddng
Ihuyin
luong
dgi ngay vugt cira be Than
Phii,
rdi d lai dd trdng nom phan md.
Ciing cd truyin thuyet d dia phuong cho rdng: Trong lan vua Le giao

phd trgng trach chi huy doan
Ihuyin
chd quan luong tiep te cho nghia quan
danh giac Chiem Thanh, doan Ihuyin di den cira be Than Phu khdng may
gap con gidng td, sdng to gid ca, dng da ciing cac tudng sy ra
siic
chdng dd
song
van
bi ddm mat nira doan thuyin. La ngudi ehi huy cao nhat, dng lo se
bi trilu dinh xir tram
nen
da tu xir minh bdng
each
nhay xudng bien lu vdn.
Sau khi danh thdng quan Chiem Thanh, tren dudng trd vl, doan
Ihuyin cua nha vua lai gap sdng to bao
Idn nen
khdng the nao di dugc. Dem
de'n, nha vua nghe tieng gid bao thet gao, sdng day thi trdn
trge
khdng sao
ngu dugc, sue
nghi
rdng: trudc day cung do gap bao td ma doan thuyin
luong da
Id
hen, thi trong ldng hdi han xdt thuong quan Ddc Luong bi
thae
oan. Trong con mo, nha vua thay Ddc Luong diing trudc giudng tau rdng:

"Ke ha than cam on tri ngd cua be ha
nen
ddu thae, linh hdn vdn theo
ra chien
Iran.
Nay nhd hdng phiic qudc gia, be ha dep xong Chiem Thanh,
ha thdn xin lai theo hd gia khai hoan". Nha vua ehgt linh, trdng ra thay
vung ddng
hinig
sang, bien lang sdng yen. Dai quan vugt bien trd ve kinh
dd
yen
dn.
Vua Le Thanh Tdng truy phong quan Ddc Luong Nguyin Phuc lam
Dai Vuong Bien Ddng Hai, phiic than va ra chieu chi cho nhan dan quanh
viing dugc lap
din
mieu thd tudng Nguyin Phuc.
14
LE
KOI
mo (BJl3TLjmq
WOWTQ^
Ngoai dinh lang Ndn Khe thd ludng Nguyin Phuc, thi tren dia ban
tinh Ninh Binh cdn cd nhilu noi thd tu dng nhu: dinh Triing Thugng, dinh
Triing Ha (xa Gia Tan, huyen Gia Viln), lang Cd Da (xa Yen Phii, huyen
Yen Md) va mdt sd dia danh gan viing cira bien Than Phu xua (thudc huyen
YenMd)
2-
Long Hoa Thuy Que.

Truyin thuyet dan gian dia phuong ke rdng: Long Hoa Thuy
Que
la
mdt cdng chiia nha Le, vg Nguyin Phuc. Ba la ngudi tai sde, biet nhilu
nghi
va da tiing day nhan dan trdng cay hoa mau, dan lat cac van dung
bang may, tre.
Khi tudng Nguyin Phuc nhan lenh chi huy doan thuyen quan luong
ciia
nghia quan nha Le di danh giac Chiem, ba da xin nha vua cho di theo
chdng de dam trach cdng viec.
Doan thuyin bi ddm nhilu do bao td. Tudng Nguyin Phuc gieo minh
xudng biln tu vdn. Ba dung ra xin duge dua thi hai chdng minh vl noi mai
lang (nhu da ghi d tren). Sau ba dugc nha vua phong lam phiic than. Than
bai cua ba dugc thd ben canh than bai
eiia
phu quan Ddng Hai Dai Vuong
Nguyin Phuc.
Trong viing dat huyen Yen Md cdn
c6
lang Cd Da (xa Yen
Phii)
ciing
cd
din
Cdi Ddi ben bd sdng Trinh cung thd vg chdng Long Hoa Thuy
Que
-
tudng Nguyin Phuc. Dan gian dia phuong edn luu truyin cau ca dao cd ndi
dung ndi vl vdi cdng

diic
cua Long Hoa Thuy Que ddi vdi dan trong viing:
Non Khe rau diep, hdnh hoa
Co Dd dan lat nong, nia, gidn, sdng
3-
Thuy
TeLong
Vuang.
Truyin thuyet dan gian dia phuong kl: Vao thdi nha Le nam ay, mot
lao ndng sdm ra di tham thira rugng nha minh ben canh gd dat. (Gd dat nay
15
LJKoi
mo
(BA^LA^q
mo^TQi^
nay vdn vdn cdn, rdng hon mdt mdu, d ben bd sdng Trinh,
phia
ddng nam
lang Ndn Khe).
Khi trdi ndng to, cu gia len gd dat cd nhilu cay cdi de nghi cho mat.
Chgi
tren gd dat hoang vdng thay cd mdt bat huong, huong thdp mdi tan.
Thay su la, cu liln vl bao lai de cu tien ehi ciing cac vi chiic sde trong lang
hay tin. Cac cu doan rdng chdc cd mdt vi than nao dd hien linh noi day ma
thir ldng dan. Cac cu den tan noi dl dd xet su tinh. Cu tien chi dai dien ca
doan thdp huong khan vai than hoang
ling
nghiem, xin cho dan dugc lap
mieu thd.
Qua nhien den dem sau, trong

gia'c
mdng la, cu tien chi thay mdt vi
than hien len ndi: ta la Thuy Tl Long Vuong, nhan lue du nhan vdn eudi
sdng di du ngoan khdp bd bien Ddng. Den gan bd bien lang cac nguoi noi
day, thay canh dep
nen
ta dimg lai hien linh, thdy dan lang that long tdn
kinh,
mudn lap
din
mieu thd. Ta se linh ling phii trg. The' rdi dan lang Ndn
Khe da quyen gdp tiln cua va cdng
siic
dung
nen
mieu thd Thuy Tl Long
Vuong tren gd dat nay.
Ke tii khi ay trd di, nay ddng rugng Ndn Khe vdn trudc kia bi han
han, dan lang te' ll cdu dao thi bdng dung trdi dd mua to, rugng ddng nhilu
nudc.
Ilia
mau tdt tuoi. Thuy Tl Long Vuong cdn phu trg dan lang lam
nghi
chai ludi danh bdt duge nhilu ldm ca, thuy san.
Thuy Tl Long Vuong da dugc cac trilu dai Hau Le, Tay Son va trilu
Nguyin phong 9 dao sde, hien vdn cdn bao luu.
4- Cu chiem
xq Biii
Cong Mdn vd
cde

cu thuy to ldng Non Khe.
Cu
Biii
Cdng Mdn (theo tdc pha hg Biii Ndn Khe) que d Nam Luc
Ndn, Binh Luc, tinh Ha Nam. Vao nam Hdng
Diic thii
nhat (1470) cu den
viing dat Ndn Khe ngay nay khai khdn dat dai, lap ap nen dugc menh danh
la "Cu Bui chiem xa". Cu dugc dan lang Ndn Khe ddi sau suy ton la
"Chiem xa Chu Huong Tien Sinh". Tai lieu cdn luu giu tai nha thd hg Bui d
Ndn Khe ghi: "Le Hdng
Diic
nguyen nien, thuy thap bdc true Cdi Khe md
16
LE KOI
mo ^JTHLATHq
mjTlQi^
dan lap ap, tang ky cuu dp chi danh". Thdn bai hg Biii ghi: "Thuy td Biii
Cdng Mdn tu do sinh ky tien nam chau, Luc Ndn nhan". Cu Bui Cdng Mdn
mat ngay mdng 4 thang 4. Tii xua tdi nay
cii
den ngay gid cu td hg
Biii
thi
con chau ea hg d khdp noi trd vl, tl tuu noi nha thd hg de ciing bao yet.
Cu Dinh Cdng Hat cung que vdi cu Bui Cdng Mdn. Vao thdi gian
trudc dd nua, cu Dinh Cdng Hat da den xii: Hoang Kim (phia bdc lang Ndn
Khe ngay nay) lap ap, dat ten la Cdi Khe. Song do noi nay dat dai chat hep,
khd md mang lang ap, nen eu Dinh Cdng Hat da chuyen xudng phia nam
(tdi viing dat Ndn Khe ngay nay) ciing eu chiem xa Biii Cdng Mdn va dan

lang lam an sinh sdng. Cac eu hgp y dat ten lang la Ndn Khe. Van bia mieu
lang Le trong viing ghi: "Dinh cd Hoang Kim, hau tich vi Ndn". Tam dich:
Hg Dinh xua d
xii
Hoang Kim, sau nhap vao lang Ndn.
Tir bay gid trd di, lang Ndn Khe dugc tao lap bdi 4 giap, nay la 4
xdm: xdm Chiia, xdm Trung, xdm Cdu, xdm Thugng. Lang dugc cac cu xua
quy hoach theo kieu chu' "Thap". Dinh lang toa lac noi trung tam, 4 giap
(xdm) d vl 4
phia:
phia bdc dinh lang xdm Chiia, phia nam la xdm Cau,
phia
ddng la xdm Thugng,
:pfem
tay la xdm Trung. Nay dan lang Ndn Khe
vdn truyin rdng: Day la tham y cua cac cu thuy td, thanh hoang lang mudn
tao dung lang Ndn Khe vudng vii'c nhu tam banh chung vdi y nghia cua su
bin
lau, hgp
siic,
thuan le dat trdi.
p»—
-— ^
cau
ddi d dinh lang ghi:
Bdch nien vdn vdt thanh danh dia
Tic
gidp y quan le nhac dinh
Tam dich: Vung
ddt

trdm ndm noi tieng truyen thdng vdn vdt
Bdn xom do qudn
tuam
tdt moi khi hgi ldng.
Rieng hg Biii d Ndn Khe hien cd 4 ddng hg, trai 21 ddi vdi khoang 60
hd; hg Dinh cd 8 ddng hg, trai 20 ddi vdi chiing 40 hg gia dinh.
17
LE
KOI
mo ^ATHLM(q
m'KlQi^
Xua kia, ngudi lang Ndn Khe vdn hieu hge, dd dat nhilu va ndi lieng
vl ldng yeu nudc va cdt each sy phu. Dien hinh nhu: Cu Cir nhan Pham
Cdng Hoan (ddi
thii
ba) da cao quan, vl que day hge; mdt sd cu tirng tham
gia phong trao Cdn Vuong chdng thuc dan Phap; cu Ba Thae theo nghia
quan Hoang Hoa Tham khdi nghia d Yen The; cu Pham Nggc Du la dang
vien Cdng san dau tien trong lang (ket nap Dang thang 6 nam 1930).
5-
Cde
liet sy ngudi ldng Ngn Khe (gom 95 liet sy).
Trong hai cugc khang chien chdng thuc dan Phap va de qudc My,
lang Ndn Khe cd tdi 95 ngudi eon da anh dung hy sinh trong chien dau de
bao ve dat nude, que huong. Cac anh hung liet sy da va dang cung dugc dan
lang phdi thd tai dinh Ndn Khe. Cugc rude bia ghi ten cac anh hung liet sy
ngudi lang Ndn Khe trong mdi dip ll hdi Bao ban la mdt trong nhiing nghi
ll quy md va dae sde net dep truyin thdng cua dao ly "ud'ng nudc nhd
ngudn".
C-

DINH
LANG NON KHE - Dl TICH UCH
sCf
NOI TIENG.
Tii trudc each mang thang Tam nam 1945- ngay Chu lich Hd Chi
Minh phat dgng Tuan ll vang, dinh Ndn Khe trd thanh mdt dia diem
ciia
huyen Yen Md la tru sd de thu nap tiln, vang do nhan dan cac dia phuong
dem den ung hd Viet Minh.
Thang 7 nam 1947, tai dinh lang, theo su dilu ddng, phan cdng
ciia
Ban chap hanh
Tinh
ddi, lang da cir mdt trung ddi dan quan tu ve len dudng
di lam nhiem vu chien dau xudng trdn
giii
viing dat thudc dia phan Kim
Son, Phiic Nhac. Trung ddi dan quan da phdi hgp vdi bd ddi chu luc lieu
diet bgn edn dd gay bao
loaiahdng
lat dd chinh quyln each mang dia
phuong.
Cung trong thdi gian nay, tai dinh Ndn Khe da phat ddng quyen gdp
tiln, luong thuc, thuc phdm
iing
hd cac thuong binh tii Nam Dinh vl day
dilu tri.
18
LE
KOI

mo (BJVN'Ljhrq !N'6^KKE
Thang
9 nam 1950, khi
quan
la md
chien dich Tran Hung
Dao,
duge
lenh
cua Ban chi huy
chien dich,
cac
trung
ddi dan
quan
tu ve, bd ddi dia
phuong
tap
trung
tai
dinh
de
xuat phat
lam
nhiem
vu bdt tl
trii gian.
Hoa binh
lap lai,
dinh

Ndn Khe la
trung
tam van hoa,
chinh
tri cua
lang. Nhilu
sir
kien lich
sir: Hdi
nghi chinh
In,
td
chiic
ddn cac
doan
dai
bieu
cua
trung uong
va cac dia
phuong
da
diln
ra d day.
Ngay
25
thang 1
nam
2002, dinh lang
Ndn Khe la noi ddn

doan cdng
tac
cua
Chinh
phii
do Phd Thu
ludng Pham
Gia
Khiem
ddn ddu. Phd Thu
tudng Pham
Gia
Khiem
da ghi but
tich
vao sd luu
niem
cua
lang
Ndn Khe.
D-
QUA TRINH BAO
VE,
TON TAO DINH LANG NON KHE:
Tir nhilu
nam qua, do dao ly
"Ud'ng nudc
nhd
ngudn", chinh quyln
va nhan

dan xa Yen Tir,
huyen
Yen Md ndi
chung
va dan
lang
Ndn Khe ndi
rieng
da ed
nhilu
cd
gdng trong viec
bao ve, gin
giii dinh
Ndn Khe de khu
di
tich
lich
sir nay
khdng ngimg duge phat
huy gia tri sir
dung trong
eae
giai
doan lich
sir.
Nhiing
nam gdn day,
nhan
dan dia

phuong
da
thudng xuyen hang
nam
ddng
gdp
tiln ciia, cdng
siic
de tdn lao
nhung hang
muc
ciia
di
tich
da bi hu
hdng nhu:
Dao lai mai
ngdi, thay
the cac
biic
xa gd- ddn lay, lat lai
nIn,
xay
sira cdng dinh,
cai lao va
cham
sde
vudn
cay,
sinh

vat
canh,
ao ca
Hien
nay (nam
2004), Trudng thdn (lang)
la dng Bui Huy Tap.
Trudng thdn phdi
ket hgp vdi ea ban
giiip viec
do
lang
cir ra de huy
ddng
xay
dung huong
udc va
luyen truyin, phat ddng ngudi
dan, mgi gia
dinh
thuc hien
tdt
huong
udc cua
lang.
Trudng thdn
va
id
can bd co sd da cir ra
ngudi chuyen trdng

coi di
tich dinh lang, trdng
va
cham
sde
nhilu
cay an qua,
trdng
cay hoa mau, tha
ca trong khudn vien, ddng thdi
lam dai
dien
dan
lang
de
tiep nhan nhirng
ddng
gdp
ciia
ba con xa gdn de ed
ngudn kinh
phi
tu bd di
lich
dinh lang.
19
LJKdi
mo
(BjbTLjhrq
m^'KM-

Dinh lang Ndn Khe la noi diln ra cac ll hdi, sinh hoat van hoa dan
gian truyin thdng dae sde hang nam nhu:
- Ngay mdng bay thang Gieng (am lich) hdi thi banh day.
- Ngay 13, 14 thang Gieng (am lich) ll hdi Bao ban.
- Ngay 20 thang 8 (am lich) ll ky ba vi than hoang lang.
Dae biet, ll hdi Bao ban la ll hdi lieu bieu, cd quy md
Idn,
ndi tieng
khdp noi trong va ngoai dia phuong.
20
LtKOI mo (BATN'Ljhfq
mj<%^
PHAN THir HAI
DIIN
TRINH
LI
HOI
(Khdo td li hgi Bdo bdn ldng Ngn Khe ndm Gidp Thdn- 2004)
Theo cac eu gia ngudi lang Ndn Khe ke lai, thi xua kia ll hdi Bao ban
Ndn Khe diln ra trong ngay 14 thang Gieng
am
lich. Vai nam trd lai day, vi
mdt sd ly do, dilu kien, vdi su nha't tri cao cua loan the cac vi chiic sde va
dan lang
nen
ll hdi dugc td chu:e, diln ra trong 2 ngay: 13 va 14 thang
Gieng am lich. (Ngay 12 thang Gieng hdm trudc la ngay chudn bi cho ll
khai hdi).
Cdng viec chudn bi, khanh tiet ll hdi Bao ban lang Ndn Khe khdng
qua cdu ky nhung that su chu tat, nao

niic,
vui ve va trang nghiem.
I- NHUTNG
L§
THLfC,
HOI
THLfC
PHO BIEN:
(Theo trinh tu thdi gian)
1-
Ngay 12 thang Gieng:
- Budi sdng: Tien hanh cac cdng viec chudn bi.
-I-
Hgp ban Ban Td chiic ll hdi, thdng nhat ehuong trinh ll hdi.
+ Lien he vdi cac hdi ddng huong, ba con than tdc d cac tinh, thanh.
-I-
Lau rira long dinh, kieu rude, ban thd, bai vi, quel dgn khudn vien.
-I-
Sdm sira ll vat (hoa qua, huong, nen, cac dd te ll), sdm dude lira.
-I-
Dung lan d san dinh.
-f-
Thanh lap eae ddi te' nam quan, nu quan, hdi td tdm diem, hdi ed
ngudi, bau ehii te.
+ Sdm siia trang phuc, ll phuc
te'
ll.
21