Báo cáo "Hoạt động đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài (FDI) của Pháp tạiViệt Nam " doc

HOfIT
DONG
Onu TyTRlTC Tll'P NUOC NGOfll (FDI) CUfl PHfiP
TAI VIET NAM
Ths.
Vo Minh Hung
Dai hpc Ba Ria - Viing Tau
Quan he giira Viet Nam
va
Phap da cd
mdt be
day
lich sir kha
lau
ddi, trai qua nhieu
thang tram, de lai nhieu
dau an va ngay
nay,
quan he giira hai nude dang duge thuc hien
theo phuang cham khep lai
qua khii
de
hudng tdi tuong lai nhu
Chii
tich nudc Tran
Dire Luong da ndi: "Vugt qua moi thdng
trdm lich
sic,
trdi qua nhieng ky niem vui vd
budn,
quan he hai ddt nude, hai ddn tpc

chiing ta
Id
quan he cd truyen thdng lieh sie
hdng trdm ndm. Tdi mudn bdy td vdi Tdng
thdng vd nhdn ddn Phdp long mong mudn
ciia
nhdn ddn
Id
hay de ky niem budn ehi
Id
qud khie, cdn niem vui
Id ciia
ed qud khic,
hien tgi vd
ticang
lai. Chimg ta ciing ehung
mpt y kien, ciing hgp tde de xdy dieng mpt
mdi quan he hiru nghi vd hgp tdc
Idu
ddi vi
Igi
ich cita nhdn ddn hai nudc Viet Nam vd
Phdp"(l).
Nhd dd, mdi quan he hgp
tae
kinh te
giiia hai nudc khdng ngimg duge phat trien
va
nang cao
ea

ve quy md
\an
chat lugng,
dae biet trong
ITnh
vuc
dau
tu (FDI). Hien
nay, Phap
la
ddi
tae
sd mdt trong cac nudc
chau Au diu tu
vao
Viet Nam vdi tren 305
du
an
cd tdng sd vdn 2,94 ty USD, gdp phin
thiic diy tang trudng kinh te
eiia
Viet Nam
trong sudt thdi gian qua.
L TONG QUAN VE FDI CUA PHAP
TAI VIET NAM
Phai ndi rang, cac nha dau tu
ciia
Phap
cd mat tai Viet Nam
rat

sdm, ngay tir nhirng
nam dau tien khi Luat
Dau
tu nudc ngoai
ciia
Viet Nam dugc ban
hanh
(1987). Trong hai
nam (1988 - 1989), Phap da cd 12 du
an
diu
tu tai Viet Nam vdi sd vdn 65 trieu USD.
Den nam 1992, tdng sd vdn FDI
ciia
Phap tai
Viet Nam da tang 184 trieu USD vdi 28 du
an (xem Bdng 1).
Sir
gia tang dot bien dd
xuat phat tir
cae
cude hdi dam sau nhirng
chuyen tham lan nhau
ciia
lanh dao hai nudc,
dd
la:
chuyen tham Viet Nam
ciia
Bd trudng

Ngoai giao Phap R.Dumas (23 - 26/2/1990)
va
chuyen tham Phap
ciia
Bd trudng Ngoai
giao Nguyin Manh Cim
(5/1992).
Mat khac,
ciing thdi gian nay,
RFI ciia Phap ngay
2/7/1992 dua tin: "Viea qua Hpi ddng Gidi
chii
Phdp da md mpt phien hop tgi Paris ve
vdn de ddu tu tgi Viet Nam. Trong phien hop
ndy, dgi dien cita 25 gidi
ehii
Phdp da tdi du
de trinh bdy nhieng kinh nghiem cita ho qua
thdi gian ldm viee tgi Viet
Nam
Ong nhdn
mgnh rdng, trude vien cdnh lenh cdm van
ciia
Hoa Ky cd the dtegc bai bd trong nay
mai, muc tieu trude mdt cita cdc nhd ddu tu
Phdp la ldm sao tgo dtegc nhieng dieu kien
tdi thieu de mpt xi nghiep cd the hogt ddng
tgi Viet Nam" {2).
68 NGHIEN
CQU

CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW
N°02 (125).2011
Bang 1: So dy an va von dau tu cua Phap duoc
cSp
phep va dang hoat dong tai
Viet Nam (Dan vi USD)
Nam
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
T9/2010

Tdng
Sd du an dang ky
4
8
5
8
8
18
23
18
18
28
29
23
19
19
28
18
18
27
25
22
47
32
23
468
So du an dang boat ddng
1
4
1

4
4
7
9
10
7
15
13
11
9
10
14
13
12
19
19
22
47
32
22
305
Tong von dau tu
15.422.901
50.224.370
6.301.351
6.392.572
55.371.709
134.666.466
133.025.437
152.257.696

83.536.719
942.563.169
34.680.000
50.241.448
11.750.178
499.219.470
8.525.000
18.596.308
7.025.500
20.703.800
36.105.500
184.005.000
632.524.828
89.101.012
13.306.297
2.941.345.770
Ngudn: Cue Ddu
tie
nude ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu.
Nam
1993,
chuyen tham chinh thuc
ciia
Tdng thdng Phap Francois Mitterrand lai la
dip de cae ca quan, td chiic, doanh nghiep
cua Phap sang Viet Nam true tiep tim hieu
ca hdi dau tu, gap gd va dam phan vdi
cac
ddi tac. Nhd do ma nam
1993,

Phap da cd tdi
18 du an dau tu vao Viet Nam dugc
cap
phep,
trong dd cd 7 du
an
dang boat ddng
vdi tdng sd vdn
dau
tu la 134,7 trieu USD,
tang gip 9 lan so vdi 1988, gin 3 lin so vdi
1992 (xem Bdng 1). Budc sang nam 1996,
chi cd 7 du an dugc dua vao thuc hien vdi sd
vdn 83,5 trieu USD, giam 45% so vdi nam
1995.
Cd su giam
siit
dot ngpt
nay
la do nam
1996 Phap gap phai
sir
canh tranh
eiia eae
7C)tUit itdng itun
tu true
tie'fi nu'oe
ntpoui
69
nha

dau
tu ed tiem
lire
vl vdn va cdng nghe
khac nhu Nhat Ban,
Han
Quoc, Singapore
Nhu da biet, nam
1996,
nguon vdn
FDI ciia
Viet Nam tang dot ngpt len den 9,212 ty
USD,
dugc xem la dinh cao
ciia dau
tu nudc
ngoai vao Viet Nam tir trudc den thdi diem
do.
Chinh nliiing thay ddi dd da
tac
ddng
manh me va
day
Phap tir vi tri thir 3 nam
1993 xudng vi tri thir 9 nam 1996 trong tdng
sd hon 50 nudc va viing lanh thd dau tu
vao
VietNam
(3).
Budc

vao
nam 1997, trong khi hau het
cac nudc khac deu giam lupng FDI
vao
Viet
Nam thi sd du
an va
vdn FDI
ciia
Phap lai
tang manh. Nguyen nhan
chii
yeu la do nam
1997,
Tdng thdng Jacques Chirac sang tham
Viet Nam nhan Hdi nghi
cap
cao lan thir VII
Cdng ddng Phap ngii dien ra tai
Ha
Ndi, da
khien cho mdi quan he hgp
tac
Viet - Phap
duge nang len mdt
tam
eao mdi. Chi tinh
rieng trong nam 1997, Phap da
dau
tu

vao
Viet Nam 943 trieu USD vdi 28 du
an,
tang
gap 15 lan so vdi nam 1991,
gap 11
lan nam
1996,
ehilm 17,4% tdng vdn FDI vao Viet
Nam (xem Bdng 2), dua tdng sd vdn FDI
ciia
Phap d Viet Nam len
din
1,638 ty USD va
dimg vi tri
thii
6 trong sd cac nudc ed sd vdn
dau tu vao Viet Nam. Trong sudt 3 nam
1998,
1999, 2000, do anh hudng
eiia
khimg
hoang tai chinh - tiln te d
chau
A, cung nhu
do
nin
kinh tl Phap gap khd khan, vdn diu
tu
vao

Viet Nam
ngay
cang giam manh,
tuong irng vdi cac nam la 35 trieu USD, 50
trieu USD,
12
trieu USD.
Lan dau
tien ngudn
vdn diu tu
ciia
Phap thip hon nam
1988.
Nhin chung day la xu hudng chung
ciia
tat
ea
eae
nudc diu tu vao Viet Nam. Tdng ngudn
vdn FDI
ciia
Viet Nam giam manh, chi cdn
2,575 ty USD (nam 1999) va 2,839 ty USD
(nam 2000).
Nhung neu tinh tren dau du an, Phap
tiep tuc giii vi tri
la
ddi tac sd mdt trong sd
cae nudc chau Au
va

dung thir 6 trong tdng
sd 60 nudc
va
vimg lanh thd dau tu vao Viet
Nam vdi ban 100 du an dang boat ddng.
Tinh den nam 2000, Phap da cd 125 van
phdng dai dien (chiem 4,5% trong tdng sd
2.800
van
phdng nudc ngoai tai Viet Nam), 5
chi nhanh ngan hang, 5 van phdng luat su
va
kiem
toan
tai Viet Nam (4).
Ke tir nam 2004, vdn
dau
tu cua Phap
tiep tue giam manh chi cdn 7 trieu USD, chi
chiem 7% tdng vdn
dau
tu cua EU
vao
Viet
Nam, dirng vi tri 3 trong sd
cac
nudc EU dau
tu vao Viet Nam (xem Bdng 1). Klidng chi
rieng vdn dau tu
ciia

Phap
giam
manh
ma
dudng nhu
day la
tinh hinh chung
ciia
tat
ca
cac
nudc thanh vien EU. Cu the, nam 2000
vdn
dau
tu
ciia
Diic,
Ha
Lan, Anh tuong irng
theo thir tu
la
7,7 trieu USD,
618
trieu USD,
514,8
trieu USD thi
din
nam 2004 giam cdn
6 trieu USD, 48 trieu USD, 34,6 trieu USD.
Cd the de dang nhan thay, nguyen nhan

ciia
su giam sut vdn dau tu nude ngoai d Viet
Nam
eiia
Phap ndi rieng va cac nudc ndi
chung la do kinh te cac nudc trong nhirng
nam nay dang gap khd khan, that nghiep
ngay cang
tang, tang trudng GDP ludn d
muc dudi 2%, tham chi d mirc tham hut. Cu
the nam 2002, tang trudng GDP
ciia
Dire,
Phap,
Anh tirong ung (0%, 0,9%, 1,1%) va
nam 2003 tang trudng GDP
ciia Dire
(0,4%),
Phap (0%) (xem Bdng 2).
70
NGHIEN
CQU
CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°02
(125).2011
Bang 2: Toe do tang truo'ng kinh te cua cac nudc EU {Dan vi (%)
EU25
EU15
Dire
Tay Ban
Nha

Phap
Italy
Anh
Hungary
1995
_
2.3
1.3
2.7
1.5
2.1
2.7
3.1
1996
2.0
1.1
0.4
2.6
0.5
1.4
2.7
3.0
1997
1.9
2.2
1.3
3.4
2.0
1.4
2.6

2.9
1998
3.2
2.7
2.1
4.1
2.9
2.0
3.2
5.7
1999
2.5
2.7
1.7
4.0
2.8
1.3
2.5
5.4
2000
3.6
3.1
2.9
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.6
5.1
2001
1.2

1.5
0.8
2.2
1.3
1.3
1.7
2.4
2002
1.1
0.5
0.0
1.4
0.9
1.9
Ll
4.8
2003
0.6
0.5
-0.4
2.1
0.0
-0.6
1.7
2.3
2004
1.7
2.0
2.0
2.1

2.2
0.6
2.8
4.4
Ngudn: The European Union Worldtrade,
http://www,
euruion.ors/profde/EUUSStals.htm
Budc vao nam 2005,
dau
tu
eiia
Phap
bat dau tang trd lai vdi sd vdn 20 trieu USD.
Nam 2006 Phap ed den 25 du
an
dang ky
mdi,
tdng sd vdn dau tu
la
36 trieu USD,
chiem
13%
tdng vdn dau tu
ciia
EU
vao
Viet
Nam. Nhu vay, tinh den het nam 2006, Phap
da cd 346 du
an

dang ky va 178 du an dang
boat ddng vdi tdng vdn dau tu ban 2,2 ty
USD,
chiem khoang 4%o trong tdng vdn FDI
eua Viet Nam, dimg vi tri thir 8 trong sd
cac
nudc va vimg lanh thd
dau
tu vao Viet Nam
(xem Bdng 1).
Tinh hinh tuong ddi kha quan ddi vdi
dau tu
ciia
Phap
vao
Viet Nam, nam 2008, sd
vdn dau tu
ciia Phap
da tang len
din
632
trieu USD, gap 30
lan
so vdi nam 2005 va
gap
gan
4 lan so vdi nam 2007. Tinh den
cudi thang 9 nam 2010, sd vdn
dau
tu

ciia
Phap vao Viet Nam da dat gin 3 ty USD,
dung
thii
2 EU sau Ha Lan (5 ty USD)
va
thii
15 tren the gidi. Qua
day
cd the tin
dau
tu cua
Phap
se tiep tuc tang trong nhimg
nam
tdi.
II.
Sir
PHAN BO FDI CUA PHAP
TAI VIET NAM
1.
FDI cua Phap tai Viet Nam phan
theo hinh thirc
Tinh den cudi thang 9/2010, FDI
eiia
Phap d Viet Nam duge thuc hien
ehii
yeu
dudi hinh thiic hgp
tac

lien doanh, vdi 84 du
an va
tdng sd vdn la 1,086 trieu USD, chiim
37%
tdng vdn dau tu
ciia
Phap vao Viet Nam
(Bdng 3), trong do rat nhieu du
an
cd vdn
dau tu
Idn
nhu
cac
du
an:
Cdng ty lien doanh
khach san Cot cd
Thii
Ngu (76 trieu USD),
khach san Thdng nhit Metropole
Sofitel
(47,8 trieu USD), khach san Hilton d thanh
pho Hd Chi Minh (81 trieu USD) (4). Day la
hgp
tae
hai ben ciing gdp vdn theo mdt ty le
nhat dinh de thanh lap mdt xi nghiep mdi, cd
hdi ddng quan tri
va

ban giam dde dilu hanh
rieng. Cdng ty lien doanh dugc chia
Igi
nhuan
va
chia se
riii
ro theo von gdp. Thdng
qua hinh thiic
nay,
vdi tiem
lire
manh me vl
khoa hpc, kT thuat va cdng nghe, tai chinh
ciia cac
cdng ty Phap ket hgp vdi gia nhan
Wf)ut ittutg ituu tu tiue tieft itiitfe
ni/xmi.
71
edng re d Viet Nam nhim ha gia thanh
san
xuat
va
nang cao tinh canh tranh cua san
pham.
Hinh thirc ed nhieu du
an dau
tu dirng
thii
hai

ciia
Phap la hgp ddng hgp
tac
kinh
doanh. Hinh thirc nay chi thu hut 7 du
an,
nhung lai chiem den
21 %o
tdng sd vdn dau tu
cua Phap (xem Bdng
3,
Bieu do 1). Phia Phap
cd
cac
du
an
vdi sd vdn
dau
tu
Idn
nhu du
an
xay dung 540.000 dudng
day
dien thoai d
thanh phd Hd Chi Minh vdi sd vdn 467 trieu
USD
ma
Tdng cdng ty Bun ehinh Vien
thdng Viet Nam ky vdi France Telecom.

Day
la du
an dau
tu
Idn
nhat
ciia
Phap d Viet
Nam eho tdi thdi diem
nay
[49,
tr.49].
Hinh thiic
100%
vdn dau tu nudc ngoai
chiem 20% sd vdn
va
thudng dugc thuc hien
bdi
cae ngan
hang
ciia
Phap
dau
tu
vao
Viet
Nam nhu Banque Indosuez, Credit Lyormais,
Banque Nationale de Paris (BNP), Banque
Francaise du Conmerce Exterieur (BFCE)

nhiing du
an nay
thudng cd quy md nhd
(khoang 15 trieu USD/du an), nhung boat
ddng tuong ddi hieu
qua
d Viet Nam.
Ngoai
cac
hinh thirc
dau
tu
chii
yeu tren,
hien nay phia Phap cdn
dau
tu
vao
Viet Nam
dudi hinh thiic cdng ty cd phan vdi sd vdn
dang ky ban 15 trieu USD (xem Bdng 3).
Day la hinh thiic rat mdi ddi vdi FDI d Viet
Nam, theo quy dinh
ciia
Luat Dau tu, tir
ngay
22/5/2003,
cac
doanh nghiep
100%

vdn nudc
ngoai
va
doanh nghiep lien doanh cd the
ehuyen ddi thanh cdng ty ed phan vdi dieu
kien da gdp du vdn phap dinh theo
giay
phep
dau tu va da chinh thiic hoat ddng dugc 3
nam, nam cudi cimg phai ed lai va mdt sd
dieu
kien lien quan den cd ddng
ciia cac
cdng
ty
nay.
Phap chiem khoang 5% tdng sd vdn
dau
tu
ciia
Viet Nam theo hinh thiic edng ty
cd phan.
Bieu do L Dau tu ciia Phap vao Viet Nam theo cac hinh thuc
(Tie ngdy 01/01/1998 din ngdy 30/09/2010)
20%
21%-
37%
• 100%
vonnu'O'c
ngoai

H
Lien doanh
• Hap
d6ng hcyp
tac
kinh doanh
H
BOT
H
Cong
tyco
phan
Ngudn: Cue Ddu tu nudc ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu.
72
NGHIEN
COU
CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°02
(125).2011
Bdng 3: Dau tu cua Phap vac Viet Nam theo hinh thuc
(Tir
ngay 01/01/1988 din ngdy
30/9/2010)(Dan
vi: USD)
TT
1
2
-1
4
5
Hinh thiic dau tu

Lien doanh
Hgp ddng hgp tac kinh
doanh
100%
vdn nudc ngoai
Hgp ddng BOT. BT. BTO
Cdng ty cd phan
Tong cpng
Sd du-
an
84
7
205
1
8
305
Tdng vdn dau tu
(USD)
1.086,126.518
619,139,982
602,913.493
486.895.473
146.270.304
2,941,345,770
Von dieu le
(USD)
345.778,277
618,139.018
308.725.293
140.000.000

127.344.516
1,539,987,104
""
•••-
Ngudn: Cue Ddu
tie
nicdc ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu
2.
FDI eua Phap tai Viet Nam phan vao
san xuat
cdng nghiep. chiem
chii
yeu
theo nganh 181 du
an.
tdng so vdn dang ky
la
936 trieu
Trong sudt giai doan tir 1988
din
thang USD.
Cac
du
an nay
da thu hut mdt lupng
cudi thang
9/2010.
cac du an diu tu
ciia
Phap

Ion
lao ddng tai
cac
dia ban boat ddng doanh
vao Viet Nam chu
>iu
tap trung vao
ITnh \'ii'c
nghiep, tan dung dugc gia nhan cdng re va
cdng nghiep nhu cdng nghiep nang. cdng ngudn nguyen lieu ddi dao. gdp phan nang
nghiep nhe. xay
dung,
thuc pham vdi
181
du cao nang luc san xuat
eiia
nganh edng nghiep
an
cd tdng sd \dn dang ky len tdi 936 trieu Viet Nam. Di diu trong sd cac cdng ty
ciia
USD.
chiem ty trpng
Idn
nhit vl sd
dir
an
\a ph^p
(j^^
tu
vao

cdng nghiep la tap doan
vdn dau tu so
\d\
tdng sd du an va tdng sd
\'dn
dang ky tuang irng la 59%. 32%. Tiep
den la
ITnh \i,rc
dich
\u
vdi
102
du an. chiem
33%
sd du an
\'a
tdng sd vdn dang ky la 1.78
ty USD, chiem 60%
\e
vdn dau tu. Sd du an
dau tu
\ao
nganh ndng nghiep. lam nghiep it
hon. chi cd 22 du an vdi tdng sd
\'dn
thap
215
trieu USD. chiem 7% tdng sd
\dn
dang

ky. Thirc te dd chirng to
qu}-
md
\'dn
dau tu d
ITnh
vu'c
na\'
tuang ddi nhd (xem Bang 4).
Neu nhu dau
tir ciia
Dai Loan.
Singapore
\ao
Viet Nam chu
}eu
hudng
\ao
cac
ngaiili
dich
M,I.
khach san. nha hang
\a
du lich thi dau tu cua Phap tap trung
chii
}eu
Boas Bon vdi cac du an nhu edng ty TNHH
Mia dudng d Tay Ninh vdi vdn dau tu
113

trieu USD. du
an san
xuat
niia
dudng d Gia
Lai
\'di
vdn
dau
tu
la
25.6 trieu USD (4).
Cdng nghiep
xay
dirng
va
van tai
chi
cd
16
dir
an vdi tdng sd vdn dang ky chi 57 trieu
USD.
bang 9% so vdi cdng nghiep nang
{xem Bang 4).
Cac
du
an:
Xay dung he thdng
sieu thi Cora tai Ddng Nai vdi vdn

dau
tu la
54 trieu USD; Dai sieu thi An Lac tai Thanh
phd Hd Chi Minh
\6i \dn
dau tu 35 trieu
USD dugc cap phep nam 1997: Sieu thi
Thang Long tai Ha Ndi. cap phep nam
1999.
\dn
30 trieu USD (4).
TCeut Jt^ngiTdu
tu
trt/e tiefi ttude
ngxJui
73
Bdng 4: Dau tu ciia Phap vao Viet Nam theo nganh
(Tie ngdy:01/01/1988 din ngdy: 30/9/2010)
(Dan
vi: USD)
So
TT
I
II
III
Chuyen nganh
Cong nghiep
San xuat, phan phoi dien,
khi,
nudc

Cong nghiep
che
bien,
che tao
Hoat dong chuyen mon, KHCN
Xay dung
Van
tai kho bui
Nong-
lam
nghiep
Nong lam, thuy
san
Dich
vu -
Tong
ho'p
Thong
tin va buu
chinh vien
thong
Dich
vu
khac
Dv
luu
trii
va an
uong
Kinh doanh

bat
dong
san
Ban budn,
ban le
Tai chinh, ngan hang,
bao
hiem
Y
te va trg
giiip
xa hoi
Nghe thuat
va
giai
tri
Hanh chinh
va
dich
vu ho trg
Giao
due
va dao tao
Tong
so
So
dy
an
181
6

111
48
8
8
22
22
102
35
4
17
4
17
6
4
7
3
5
305
Tong von
dau tu-
936.325.769
505.336.874
355.638.866
17.876.370
12.621.028
44.852.631
215.170.744
215.170.744
1.789.849.257
677.384.425

524.390.000
175.366.386
142.841.300
111.010.542
93.768.726
33.815.000
25.052.448
5.250.000
970.430
2.941.345.770
Von
thu'c
hien
381,235,608
159.221.874
177.878.424
9.232.731
5.485.555
29.417.024
157.471.501
157.471.501
1.001.279.995
641.925.625
82.030.000
70.952.788
36.580.971
66.152.599
81.068.726
11.772.000
9.366.156

1.070.000
361.130
1.539.987.104
Ngudn:
Cite
Ddu tu nude ngodi - Bd Ke hogch vd Ddu tu
Bieu do 2. Dau tu cua Phap vao Viet Nam phan theo nganh
(Tie ngdy 01/01/1988 din ngdy 30/09/2010)
[D
Cong nghiep
•
Nong - Lam
nghsef
Ngudn: Cue Ddu
tie
nude ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu
tie.
74
NGHIEN CLfu CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW
N°02 (125).2011
Bdng 5: Dau tu
true
tiep cua Phap phan theo dia phucng
(Tie
ngay 01/01/1988 din ngdy 30/9/2010) (Dan vi: USD)
TT
1
2
4
5

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Dia phuong
Ba Ria-Viing
Tau

TP Ho Chi Minh
HaNoi
Quang
Nam
Ddng Nai
Tay
Ninh
Binh Duong
Hai Phdng
Long An
Binh Thuan
Bac Ninh
Hung Yen
Da Nang
Tra
Vinh
Gia Lai
Khaiili
Hda
Lam Ddng
An Giang
Ninh Thuan
can
Tha
Lao Cai
Hai Duang
Binh Dinh
Ben Tre
Yen Bai
Hda Binh

Phil Yen
Quang Ninh
Thira Thien-Hue
Ddng Thap
Phu Thp
Kien Giang
Tong cpng
Sd du-
an
8
110
71
8
19
2
24
J
5
7
5
2
1
6
5
1
1
4
2
2
1

1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
305
Tong vdn dau tu
(USD)
1.070.195.128
852.696.377
331.285.029
127.636.447
121.566.291
120.536.153
57.714.613
37.403.500
29.510.000
25.115.800
22.252.941
18.400.000
15.205.712
15.150.000
14.000.000
13.698.657
10.521.391
8.800.000
8.500.000

7.337.600
7.200.000
6.750.000
6.000.000
5.000.000
3.200.000
2.000.000
2.000.000
700.000
670.000
187.500
60.000
52.631
2.941.345.770
Vdn dilu le (USD)
271.416.229
766.370.780
132.180.327
49.727.433
48.394.122
112.829.680
32.153.611
15.188.500
13.110.000
8.224.800
10.202.941
12.500.000
15.205.712
1.030.000
7.000.000

9.222.550
3.903.058
2.800.000
6.000.000
5.437.600
4.987.630
2.150.000
2.000.000
5.000.000
20.000
625.000
1.000.000
350.000
657.000
187.500
60.000
52.631
1.539.987104
Ngudn:
Cue
Ddu tu nudc ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu
'3Ct)at ittmg^u tut,'tie tie'fL nude
ngtmi.
75
Linh
vuc dieh vu - tdng hgp thu hut 102
du an vdi tdng sd vdn diu tu 1,7 ty USD,
trong dd rieng thdng tin
va
buu chinh vien

thdng ed 35 du an vdi tdng sd vdn diu tu
dang ky 677 trieu USD (xem Bdng
4).
Day
la
ITnh
vuc
ma
qua do Viet Nam cd dieu kien
tiep thu khoa hpe edng nghe mdi, cd dugc
dpi ngii can bd dugc
dao
tao ve ky thuat,
nghiep vu quan ly qua do tao dieu kien thuan
loi cho nen kinh te qudc dan nhanh chdng
hdi nhap kinh te khu
virc
va the gidi. Ddng
thdi day ciing la
ITnh
vue Phap cd kha nang
thu hdi vdn nhanh
va
cd the manh vdi
cac
hang vien thdng hang dau the gidi nhu
France Telecom,
Actel
Phap hien gid cd
10 du

an
dau tu
vao ITnh
vuc khach san -
dich vu vdi tdng sd vdn dau tu la 139 trieu
USD,
sdm nhat phai ke den khach san
Metropole nam 1989, vdi vdn dau tu 47,8
trieu USD. Tiep den nam
1993,
Tdng cdng ty
Nha dat va
Xay
dung thuc hien du
an
xay
dung kinh doanh khach san Hilton - Opera
vdi vdn dau tu 64,3 trieu USD, du an khach
san Sofitel Da Lat
la
40 trieu USD (5).
Nhu vay, neu chi xem xet dan thuan ve
sd lieu thdng ke vdn
dau
tu
ciia
Phap d Viet
Nam vao cac nganh nhu tren cd the de dang
nhan thiy
sir phii

hgp tuang ddi
ciia
cae chi
sd nay vdi yeu cau ve ca cau mdt nen kinh te
hien dai,
phii
hpp vdi nhu ciu phat trien
ciia
Viet Nam trong cdng cude cdng nghiep boa,
hien dai hoa dat nudc.
3.
FDI cua Phap tai Viet Nam phan
theo dja phuo'ng
Cac du
an
dau tu
ciia
Phap cd mat d 25
tinh, thanh phd tren
toan
qudc. Mac
dii
ehinh
phii
Viet Nam khuyen khich nha dau tu nudc
ngoai dau tu vao nhirng dia ban hien cdn
nhieu khd khan ve kinh te - xa hdi, dac biet
la
mien
niii,

viing
sau,
vimg xa vdi cac chinh
sach mi
dai ve thue, tien luang nhung
hau
het
cac
du
an
dau tu
true
tiep nudc ngoai
vao
Viet Nam ndi ehung
va eiia
Phap ndi rieng
van
tap trung d mdt sd tinh, thanh phd
Idn
nhu: Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh,
Ha
Ndi, Ddng
Nai,
Tay Ninh,
Ba
Ria - Viing
Tau,
Binh
Duong. Day

la
cac dia phuang cd ca sd ha
tang tdt, cd nhieu khu
vire
cdng nghiep, khu
che xuat nen thu
hiit
dugc nhieu
dir
an nhat
vdi hon 250 du an, vdn dau tu 2,8 ty USD,
chiem 96% ve tdng sd vdn dau tu
ciia
Phap
vao
Viet Nam. Cu the,
Ba
Ria - Viing Tau
thu hilt chi 8 du
an
nhung vdn dau tu len tdi
1 ty USD, dimg dau ca nudc; Thanh phd Hd
Chi Minh thu hut
110
du
an,
vdi tdng sd vdn
dau tu
la
852 trieu USD dirng vi tri thir hai;

Ha
Ndi thu hilt
71
du
an,
vdn dau tu la 333
trieu USD; Binh Duang thu hut 24 du an vdi
tdng sd vdn 57 trieu USD; Ddng Nai thu hut
19 du an, vdi tdng sd vdn dau tu la 121 trieu
USD (xem Bdng 5). Cd the ndi, mirc dp
chenh lech giii'a cac vung ve thu hut FDI
ciia
Phap la tuang ddi va ddng thuan vdi muc dp
thuan
Igi ciia
yeu td kinh te - xa hdi va ca sd
ha tang
ciia
Viet Nam.
76
NGHIEN CGU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°02
(1251.2011
Bang 5: Dau tu
true
tiep cua Phap phan theo dia phucng
(Tie
ngay 01/01/1988 din ngdy 30/9/2010) (Dan vi: USD)
TT
1
2

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

Dia phuo'ng
Ba
Ria-Viing
Tau
TP Ho Chi Minh
HaNoi
Quang Nam
Ddng Nai
Tay
Ninh
Binh Duang
Hai Phdng
Long An
Binh Thuan
Bic Ninh
Hung Yen
Da Nang
Tra
Vinh
Gia Lai
Khanh Hda
Lam
Ddng
An Giang
Ninh Thuan
can
Tha
Lao
Cai
Hai Duang

Binh Dinh
Ben Tre
Yen Bai
Hda Binh
Phil Yen
Quang
Ninh
Thii'a Thien-Hue
Ddng Thap
Phil Thp
Kien Giang
Tong cpng
So dy
an
8
110
71
8
19
2
24
3
5
7
3
3
5
2
1
6

5
1
1
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
305
Tong von dau tu
(USD)
1.070.195.128
852.696.377
331.285.029
127.636.447
121.566.291
120.536.153
57.714.613
37.403.500
29.510.000
25.115.800
22.252.941

18.400.000
15.205.712
15.150.000
14.000.000
13.698.657
10.521.391
8.800.000
8.500.000
7.337.600
7.200.000
6.750.000
6.000.000
5.000.000
3.200.000
2.000.000
2.000.000
700.000
670.000
187.500
60.000
52.631
2.941.345.770
Von dieu le (USD)
271.416.229
766.370.780
132.180.327
49.727.433
48.394.122
112.829.680
32.153.611

15.188.500
13.110.000
8.224.800
10.202.941
12.500.000
15.205.712
1.030.000
7.000.000
9.222.550
3.903.058
2.800.000
6.000.000
5.437.600
4.987.630
2.150.000
2.000.000
5.000.000
20.000
625.000
1.000.000
350.000
657.000
187.500
60.000
52.631
1.539.987104
Nguon: Cue Ddu
tie
nuac ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu
'X>eut (tfutg

itdu
tuteue tie'fi nu(U
ngtuix
11
So vdi ngudn FDI cua EU
vao
Viet
Nam phan theo dia phuang tinh
din
cudi
nam 2005 thi cd mdt sd chenh lech nhung
khdng dang kl. Cu
thi,
Thanh phd Hd
Chi
Minh
van
la dia phuang thu
hiit
du
an
diu tu
Idn
nhit trong
ca
nudc, vdi
189
du an, ehilm
38%
va

tdng sd vdn diu tu la 2.079 trieu
USD,
chiim 30% tdng sd vdn diu tu. Dung
thii
hai
la Ha
Ndi vdi
107
du an, tdng vdn
diu tu
la
1.409 trieu USD; Ba Ria - Viing
Tau thu
hiit 10
du an, vdi sd vdn diu tu
la
997 trieu USD, ehilm 14% tdng sd vdn diu
tu cua EU vao Viet Nam. Nhu vay,
cac
dia
phuong nay
vin
ludn la
diim
hip dan thu
hiit
FDI
ciia
nude ngoai tai Viet Nam.
Din

nay,
nhd tan dung dugc uu
thi
sin cd tai dia
phuang, eiing vdi mdt sd uu dai
ma
nha
nudc Viet Nam danh cho,
cac
du
an
diu tu
cua Phap tai
cac
dia phuang
nay
dang thu
dugc nhirng
kit
qua kha quan.
Tdm lai, ciing nhu trao ddi
hang
hoa,
quan he diu tu Viet - Phap trong giai doan
1988-2010 da phat trien vdi tdc dp rit cao.
Ddng vdn dd vao
ngay cang
nhilu, di kem
vdi nd la ddng edng nghe hien dai trong
cac

ITnh
vuc cdng nghiep nang, buu ehinh - viln
thdng Cd dieu, cho den nay mdi quan he
nay mdi chi dien ra mdt chieu, chi cd vdn
eua Phap chay vao Viet Nam. Tuy nhien, xet
trong bdi
canh
phat trien kinh te hien nay
ciia
hai nudc, Phap
la
nudc cdng nghiep dung
thir tu tren the gidi, thir hai the gidi sau My
ve ndng nghiep va
la
mdt trong nhii'ng cudng
qudc
dau
tu ra ben ngoai
Idn
nhit chau Au,
khdng ngimg tim
kiim
thi trudng dl diu tu,
cdn Viet Nam dang cd ging
cai each
kinh tl
thu
hiit
ngay

cang
nhilu ban ddng vdn diu tu
va
edng nghe tir ben ngoai, trong do cd Phap.
Quan he
dau
tu Viet - Phap cung cd
sir
gap
gd nhau giira nhu ciu
va Igi
ich
ciia cae
ben.
Dd chinh
la
nen tang cho su phat triln nhanh
chdng cua mdi quan he
nay.
So vdi mdt so
nudc diing diu vl diu tu true tilp d Viet
Nam nhu
Han
Qudc, Dai Loan, Nhat
Ban,
Singapore, Hoa Ky, ty le vdn diu tu
eiia
Phap d Viet Nam dugc thuc hien kha cao.
Theo sd lieu
ciia

Cue Diu tu nudc ngoai, Bg
Ke hoaeh
va
Diu tu, tinh tdi
ngay
30/9/2010,
ty le vdn diu tu dang ky thuc hien so vdi
tdng vdn diu tu dang ky
ciia Han
Qudc, Dai
Loan, Nhat Ban, Singapore, Hoa Ky tuong
ung
la
37%, 40%, 27%
va
31%,
20%, trong
khi dd ty le vdn thuc hien cua Phap la 52%.
Vdi
kit
qua do, cd
thi
thiy diu tu tir Phap
vao
Viet Nam boat ddng kha hieu qua. Cung
gidng nhu
nliilu
nha diu tu khac d chau Au,
dau
tu

ciia
Phap dupe phan bd vao nhilu
nganh edng nghiep khae nhau, trong dd cd
sir
quan
tam
dac biet duge danh cho
cac
nganh
cdng nghiep nang,
xay
dung, nhim mue
dich khai thac tdt nhit nhiing tilm
lire
cua
Viet Nam. Phap
la
nudc diu tu kha nhilu
vao
nganh cdng nghiep nang (46 du an). Vi
78
NGHIEN
CQU
CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW
N°02 (125).2011
vay,
Phap
van ludn
la
nha dau tu

Idn
nhat d
Viet Nam trong
linh
vue
nay
ciing nhu
ngudn vdn FDI ndi chung trong td chirc EU.
Ddng vdn
dau
tu cua Phap
vao
Viet
Nam da
va
dang cd nhirng ddng gdp dang ke
ddi vdi su phat trien kinh te Viet Nam,
vao
nhirng thanh cdng trong cdng
cude
cdng
nghiep boa, hien dai
boa dat
nudc. Nhiing
ddng gdp do bd sung ngudn vdn, gdp sire
thue day kinh te Viet Nam tang trudng, giai
quyet cdng an viec
lam,
tang them ngudn thu
ehi ngan

sach,
chuyen giao cdng nghe, kinh
nghiem
quan
ly, thiic
day
xuat khau. Tuy
nhien, ben canh nhirng ket qua dat duge,
dau
tu cua
Phap vao
Viet Nam dang tdn tai nhieu
mat ban che:
Thie
nhdt, ddng vdn
dau
tu cua Phap
vao
Viet Nam phan bd khdng deu, tap trung
ehii
yeu d mdt sd tinh, thanh phd nhu: Thanh phd
Hd Chi Minh,
Ha
Ndi,
Ba
Ria - Viing Tau,
Ddng Nai,
Tay
Ninh.
Dang

tiec ban nira,
cac
nha
dau
tu nudc ngoai khac nhu EU, Han
Qudc,
Dai
Loan ciing trong tinh trang tuong
tu.
Thie hai, vdn
dau
tu
ciia
Phap vao Viet
Nam cdn d
miic
khiem tdn so vdi thuc
lire
kinh te
eiia
Phap
va
cdn xa mdi
dap
img
dugc su mong dgi
ciia
Viet Nam.
Dau
tu

eiia
Phap ed rat it du
an
trong
ITnh
vue edng
nghiep nang,
xay
dung
ma
Viet Nam ed nhu
cau Idn
va Phap cd rat nhieu the manh.
Thie ba,
dau
tu cua Phap
thudng
la cac
du
an
cd quy md nhd, sd du
an
nhieu nhung
vdn
dau
tu it, cu the: Nam 2002, cd den 28
du
an
nhung vdn dau tu chi cd 9 trieu USD;
Nam

2010
cd 22 nhung vdn
dau
tu ehi 13
trieu USD. Mat khac, ddng vdn
dau
tu
ciia
Phap
vao
Viet Nam khdng dn dinh, bien
ddng that thudng va khi vdn dau tu nudc
ngoai
vao
Viet Nam ed xu hudng giam thi
dau tu
ciia
Phap lai tang (xem Bieu do 3).
'3€>(yut itmtg itdu tu ti^e tieft nutlUi
ngemi.
79
Biiu dd 3: So sanh
v6n diu
tu cua Phap vdi tong von dau tu nudc ngoai vao Viet Nam
Dan vi: ty USD
^ ^ C#
O^'"
<#
0$^"^
C#

O^""
C#
<^
J'
C#
CS'^'^
CN^'"
cs^"^ cs^"^ cs^'" cs^""
c?^^
^0)
^O)
^q>
^O)
^q,
^ ^ ^ ^
^q,
^o,
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
-T6ng y5n d§u
tu
true
tiep nudc ngoai
\^o
Viet Nam —•—Vdn dau tu cua Phap vao Viet Nam
Nguon:
Dua tren sd lieu Bdng 1 vd sd lieu do Cue Ddu tu nudc ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu
tu
cung
cdp
Vdi nhirng thanh edng tren, cdng vdi su

ung hd nhiet tinh
ciia
hai chinh
phii,
bdi
eanh
khu vue, qudc te thuan
Igi va
su gap gd giiia
nhu cau
va Igi
ich trong mdi quan he song
phuong
nay
van cdn
hiiu
hieu, ed the khang
dinh rang quan he
dau
tu Viet - Phap se tiep
tuc dugc phat trien trong tuang lai.
(1991-2006), Luan van Thac sy, Trudng Dai
hpe
Da
Lat, tr. 87.
4.
Dinh Manh Tuin (2001), Cdc hogt
dpng tren linh vuc FDI vd ODA cita Phdp
tgi Viet Nam, Nghien
eiiu

Chau Au, sd 1,
tr. 42-48.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1.
Bao Nhan dan (2002), Chit tich nudc
Trdn Due Luang hpi dam vdi Tdng thdng
Jacques Chirac,
ngay
30/10,
tr.
4.
2.
Thdng tin xa Viet Nam (1992), Vdn
di vi ddu tu tgi Viet Nam, Tai lieu tham
khao dac biet,
ngay
8/7, tr. 2.
3.
Vd Minh Hung (2007), Quan hi kinh
ti Viet - Phdp trong bdi cdnh todn edu hod
5.
Hoang Xuan Hoa (2001), Dgc diem
quan he kinh te Viet Nam - EU vd nhieng ca
hpi phdt trien trong xu the todn cdu hod, tu
do hod thuang mgi, Nghien cim Chau Au, sd
48,
thang
6,
tr. 81-88.
6. The European Union Worldtrade,

http://'wwvy.euruion.org/profile/EUUSStats.h
tm
7.
Cue
Dau tu nudc ngoai
hoaeh va Dau tu.
Bd Ke