tiểu luận các nguyên tắc sáng tạo khoa học và ứng dụng trong ngôn ngữ lập trình java






CH
C
U
KHOA HC TRONG TIN HC


Đề tài

CÁC NGUYÊN TẮC SÁNG TẠO KHOA HỌC VÀ ỨNG
DỤNG TRONG NGÔN NGỮ LẬP TRÌNH JAVA



Giảng viên hướng dẫn:m
Học viên thực hiện:Nguy
Khóa:K22
MSHV:1211023


TP.HCM,12/2012
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 2

Mc lc

LU 4
PHN 1:GII THIU TC O TRONG
KHOA HC:
1.  5
2. i 5
3. c phm cht cc b 5
4. c phi xng 5
5. c kt hp 5
6. Nguc v 5
7.  6
8. c phn trng 6
9. ng su 6
10. c thc hi 6
11. 





 6
12. 





6
13. 






 7
14. 



()  7
15. 



 7
16. 









 7
17. 








 7
18. 











 8
19. 







8
20. 












 8
21. t nhan 8
22. c bin hi 9
23. c quan h phn hi 9
24. c s dng trung gian 9
25. c t phc v 9
26.  9
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 3

27.  10
28. Thay th  c 10
29. S dt cng 10
30. S dng v dng 10
31. S dt liu nhiu l 10
32. c 10
33. ng nht 11
34. y hon 11
35.  ng 11
36. S dng chuyn pha 11

37. S dng s n nhit 11
38. S dnh 12
39.   12
40. S dt liu h 12
PHN 2:NG DTC O KHOA HC
 L
I. LCH S N JAVA 12
II.  TR TRONG JAVA 13
1. Chui(String),StringBu th 13
2. Kiu d lic(Math) Lp bao kiu
ng(Array). 14
3. Kiu mng(Collection). 15
4. IO & Exception 17
5. Lng OOP(object-oriented programming) 19
III. KT LUN 21









  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 4

LU
  lc s dng rt
r gic tc bi
ch  lt platform  m
 n  c vi lc
s hu mn l vi m dng
khng l t bng Java 
ng tho mt, kh 
nhiu h 


u lun: ng dng kin thc  tc u
khoa h gii thi  Java



u t kin
thu khoa hc.

C
N
C
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 5

PHN 1:GII THIU TC O TRONG
KHOA HC:
1. :
c lp.
ng tr c.
  ng.
2. :
n phn phc l
phn duy nhn thin thing.
3. :
a) Chuyu
ng nhng nht.
ng ph
c) Mi phn cng phi  trong nhnu kip nhi
vc.

4. :
Chuyi xi x
gim bi xng).
5. :
a) Kt hng nht hot
ng k cn.
b) Kt hp v mt thng nht hoc k cn.
6. :
ng thc hin mt s chn s tham
gia c
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 6

7. :
a) Mi cha
ng th ba
b) Mng chuy
8. :
 trng cng bng

 trng cng b
dc thng
9. :
ng su c v chng li ng su 
ho        c (ho  ng sut
 c s ng suc li ).
10. :
a) Thc hic s i cc tng phi vi

ng.
b) Cn sp x hong t v 
thun li nht thi gian dch chuyn.
11. 





:







, , 

.
12. 





:











 








.
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 7

13. 





:
a) 










 ,  ( ,












)
b)  (hay m



 ) 









, 







.
14. 



() :
a) 












 , 








, 





.
b) 





, , .
c) 



ng quay, 




.
15. 



:
a) 

























.
b) 





, .
16. 









:






 100% 




 , 










. 



















.
17. 







:
a) 







 ( ) 




(

)  





 ( ). 

, 










 ( ) 
().
b) 












.
c) .
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 8

d) 













.
e) 

































.
18. 








:
a)  . 





 , 

 (
).
b) 







.
c) 










, .
d) 













.
19. 







:
a) 
















 (xung).
b) 









, .
c) 














.
20. 











:
a) 












 (




















).
b) 










 gian.
c) 















 .
21. :
i hoc nguy him vi vn tc ln.
 c hiu ng cn thit.

22. :
a. S dng nh i c
c hiu i.
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 9

b. Khc ph   i b  t h      i

n mi na.
23. i:
a. Thit lp quan h phn hi
b. N phn h
24. :
S dng trung gian, chuyn tip.
25. :
ng phi t phc v bc hi tr, sa
cha.
b. S dng ph li
26. :
 dng nhc tt ti
tin li hoc d v, s dng bn sao.
b. Thay th ng hoc h ng bng bn sao quang hc (nh,
) v l cn thit.
c. N s dng bn sao quang hc  u ki
c bng mng), chuyn sang s d n
sao hng ngoi hoc t ngoi.
27. :
Thay th ng t tin bng b ng r 

  tui th).
28. :
a. Thay th  c bn, quang, nhi.
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 10

b. S dng, t n t i
ng
c. Chuyng c nh sang
i theo thng nhnh
.
d. S dng kt hp vt st t.
29. :
n cng  th rn, s dng:
np cht ly phn lc.
30. :
a. S d dt cu khi.
ng vv d
mng.
31. :
u l hoc s dng chi tiu l
(mim, tm ph
b. Nu l tng ch
32. :
 sc c
 trong sut ca c
  c nhng hoc nh dng
t ph 

d. Nt ph c s d u.
e. S dp.
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 11

33. :
Nhc, ph 
mt vt liu (hoc t vt liu gn v t) vi vt liu ch to
i c.
34. :
a. Phm v hoc tr n thit phi
t c phi bin dng.
n mng phc phc hi trc tip tro
c.
35. :
i trng.
i n  c.
 do
i nhi, th 
36. :
S dng nchuyi
th  hay hp thu nhing
37. :
a. S dng s n (hay co) nhit ct liu.
b. N n nhit, s dng vi vt li s n nhi
nhau.
38. :
a. Thang b


c x c oxy.
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 12

c oxy b 
39. :
ng b
t , ph 
c. Thc hi
40. :
Chuyn t t ling nht sang s dng nhng vt liu h
 dt liu mi.
PHN 2:NG DTC O KHOA HC
 L.
I. LCH S N JAVA
 J lu
thp k 1990. c khu bng nghi
i Sun
 c g
sa ng nhiu lo
ng thi gian t n bn
t nhi
ki 
gi bn quy
 Khi thc hin mt d u cn rng
  kh  ng nhu cu ca
m ni bt c Java so v  "Write

Once,Run AnyWhere" . Mt b l
s 
 Nhng chi tit v c gi bi Cng
Java (do Oracle qu 
ni ti ti hi tht
Navigator ca h s h tr Java. V c h tr u h
refox(Mozilla),

  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 13

 c s dng ch yng mng, internet. Sau khi Oracle mua
l- h 
i qu Java vi cam k bng mt
cch.
II.  TR TRONG JAVA
1. Chuu th)
  t gia d
 c s dng nhiu nht trong l
   trong x i
 To chui
  t c bit
 c x i
 Chuyn kiu
 ng dtc u khoa hc trong x i:
 tng:
o m tra chui.
o  i con,ni chui,ct chui.

o u th kim tra,so khp chui trong vic
kim tra vic nhp email,s n thoia ch trang web
:
 Dng thn:
String regex = \\w+@\\w+\\.\\;
 S CMND
String regex = \\;
 S n thong:
String regex = \\;
 S 
Str5\\d-[A-Z]\\d-\\ ;
 a ch trang web:
String regex = \\.(\\w+\\.)\\.+\\ ;
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 14

 c v ng thc hin mt s ch
n s tham gia c
o Trong vic kim tra biu th(Regular Expression)
n phi vi kim tra chui nhp.


 i. i t 1 chui.
:y ra 1
chui t chui hi

2. Kiu d ling(Array).
 Date l 

i gi
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 15

 c cp bi lp Math. Tt c c ca Math
static.Hc x 

 Array ng tnh. Vic truy xun t ca mng d s
mng
 ng dtc u khoa hc trong x Date,Math,Array
 Nng: 





, 
thc hin trong nhing h
:


int year = d.getYear() + 1900; // l
int day = d.getDay(); // ly th
long time = d.getTime(); // ly thi gian t 1/1/1970
if(d.after(d2)){

}
 c cha trong:Lp Math ch double sqrt(double d) 

c 2 ca d.
 c hChuyn t ct ling nht sang s dng
nhng vt liu h
:Mng cha 10 phn t kiu integer hh mng  
 phn t  s phn t.

3. Kiu mng(Collection)
 Tp h lic s d nm gi n
t xem Collection t mng.
  p nhn tp hp, giao,
trc h tr.
 Tp h
Set(HashSet,Tre
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 16


 ng dtc u khoa hc trong x tp hp(Collection).
 tc cha trong: Mng
i chng th ba.
:Trong Collection gm 2 lo
 Trong a 
 
 tc ng nht: Nhng cho
c, ph t vt liu (hoc t vt liu gn v 
t) vi vt liu ch ti c.
:p hp
  ng

ca Vector :List a = new Vector().
hp l u List.
  ng
ca Vector : List a = new HashSet();.
hp l u List thuc Set.
 c chuyn sang chi 








() 



(

) 











(). 

,










() 
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 17














(ba
)
:p hp phn t(mi phn t ch xut
hin duy nht mt ln).Do vy mun s dng tp hn t
xut hin nhiu ln ta s dng List.

4. IO & Exception.
 IOi nhiu m
 c/ghi file nh 
 c/ghi mng nh 
 ng.
 Qu thc.
 IO ng ra(output)
 p lu :



 p lu :
  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 18



 ng dtc u khoa hc trong x IO.
 a trong: M
i chng th ba.

:DataOutputStream k tha t FilterOutputStream
FilterOutputStream lc k tha t OutputStream
 ng: 
















.
:
 Khi cnh kiu,s dng:DataInputStream
(InputStream) DataOutputStream(OutputStream).
 Khi cng,s dng:ObjectInputStream
.
 Khi cm,s dng:BufferedInputStream

 c t phc v: ng phi t phc v bc hin
 ph tr, sa cha.S dng ph ling


  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 19

:
nhin vic gi nha
Java s thc hin vi ng. C sau mt khong thi
gian nhnh, Garbage Collector s   
 gi
5. Lng OOP(object-oriented programming).
 Trong nh  s
p c lng. Sc mnh ca
ng th hin  ch kh 
h thng dng thc t, kh o v 
d liu, kh  dng l tit kic
bi  n trong cng l
nghip. Nhm ma hn s n mng
li np ln mm vi cn
n.
  liu b i t  li
ng. Nu mun truy nh liu ph
ng.
 i c liu ca mi
n c ci mt s n
cng b n ch s ng xu ca vic thay
i d li
  s dng ln, tit kic k tha cho
p k tha s dc k tha t l

nhc cn thit phi.
 p v n mm ln, phc tp.
 n lng.
 Lp(Class): c s d  c th.
 ng(Object): t s th hin ca thc th.D new kt
hp vc khi d tng.
:NhanVien nv=
 S d  truy xut(private,public,protected) .
 S d tha,ving,giao tip th
t overriding,abstract class,interface.
   
 )

  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 20

 ng dtc u khoa hc trong OOP.
 c ng: 




















:  liu b i t 
  i vi
th  tha hay s dng bi

 
o s dng nhc tc
tin li hoc d v,s dng bn sao
o Thay th ng hoc h ng bng bn sao quang
hc () v l cn thit.
o N s dng bn sao quang hc  u kin
(c bng mng), chuyn sang s
dn sao hng ngoi hoc t ngoi.
:Trong ln tht
m vi
Overriding  thut lt trong
l i ni dung x p vi thc ti
c


 ng nht: Nhng cho
c, ph t vt liu (hoc t vt liu gn v 

t) vi vt liu ch tc
: a lc b a lp cha)
ph phu tr v>.
 c thc hi:

  trong
Java

Nguy-1211023 Page 21

o Thc hic s i cc tng phn,
i vng.
o Cn sp x hong t
v n li nht thi gian dch chuyn.
:
 u thit k 
ph.
 
- Thit k ch 
ngu 
-  i l 
III. KT LUN.
   chuy chng
 o trung gian.
 Hin tn m
 tr cho vic s d
  tr i lm thi
 vit code nhi
  vi -
Control-View) s dng struts 2x framwork .

 nh ch ng vng vng so vi 1 s  lp
ng ch tr  tng(th la chn <s:if>, th
lp <s:iterate>,th )c ci lm thit.
 n ti c 