xây dựng hệ thống haccp cho sản phẩm bánh bon vanilla công ty bánh kẹo phạm nguyên

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ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP
XÂY DỰNG HỆ THỐNG HACCP CHO SẢN
PHẨM BÁNH BON VANILLA TẠI CÔNG TY
BÁNH KẸO PHẠM NGUYÊN

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Sinh viên thực hiện
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TÓM TẮT ĐỒ ÁN
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3 Chương 4: Xây dựng HACCP cho sản phẩm bánh Bon Vanilla
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u Chương 5: Kết luận và kiến nghị
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3
DANH SÁCH CÁC TỪ VIẾT TẮT
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CHƯƠNG I: TỔNG QUAN VỀ CÔNG TY VÀ HACCP
1.1. Tổng quan về công ty cổ phần bánh kẹo Phạm Nguyên
1.1.1. Giới thiệu sơ lược về công ty
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1.1.2. Lịch sử hình thành và phát triển
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1.1.3. Cơ cấu tổ chức, chức năng của các thành viên
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1.1.4. Các dòng sản phẩm của công ty
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1.2. Tổng quan về hệ thống HACCP
1.2.1. Giới thiệu về HACCP.
1.2.1.1. HACCP là gì
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1.2.1.2. Lịch sử của HACCP
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1.2.1.3. Tại sao phải áp dụng HACCP
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1.2.1.4. Lợi ích khi áp dụng HACCP
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1.2.1.5. HACCP có thể áp dụng ở đâu
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1.2.2. Nhận diện mối nguy
1.2.2.1. Định nghĩa mối nguy an toàn thực phẩm
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1.2.2.2. Mối nguy sinh học (B)
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1.2.2.3. Mối nguy hóa học
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.$Z'$,-#
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1.2.2.4. Mối nguy hóa học
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;:;<
1.2.2.5. Mối nguy vật lý
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1.2.3. Chương trình tiên quyết GMP & SSOP
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1.2.3.1. Chương trình tiên quyết GMP
a. Nhà xưởng

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4$k8

 zS4Jn..$,M.;% zS4Jn.aL$V#*'6'$.$E'$$P4^:'$X—Q-^,#$Q/.$:.6'^V#iAt.
.$AB#FP,6'X"A8q;C,.!)#4$V,^”Xf#*J(P''$#*/#$.$Z'4$k8Œ.h.#$t.F/X"A
.$Z'4$k8•#MAL$C#*.$<'"#'O^Z4$HXA_ 
 bV.!<Q/$,-A'$Ak# zB4X:#$8f'.$,M.;%zH#LM$>'$;V.!<Q/$,-A'$Ak#$,M.
FB4$(T#*Xo#;V.!<Q/$,-A'$Ak#,N8.!:i6'#$B#z(A$D^)
c. Nhà cung ứng đảm bảo chất lượng
 zB4.,HA'$Ak#J6#$*,6#$/'A#*I#*
 $Z'$,-#J6#$*,6#$/'A#*I#*
 zB4X:#$^6'$#$/'A#*I#*J(P''$t4.$AB#
 $Z'$,-#L,N8.!:#*A_H#QB.F,-AL$,#$B#Q/
 z(A$D^)J6#$*,6#$/'A#*I#*Q/$D^)L,N8.!:#*A_H#QB.F,-A
d. Vệ sinh
 zB4LM$>'$Q-^,#$
 zB4UA_.!<#$Q/.,HA'$Ak#Q-^,#$
 O:'$t.Q-^,#$.k_!”:J(P'4$HXA_ 
 6'#$\#Q,H#J(P'$At#FA_-#
 ,N8.!:$,-AUAVQ,-'Q-^,#$;w#*4$()#*4$64L,N8.!:Q,^,#$;`8n..,M4i&'.$Z'
4$k8
 ,68^6.Q/F(A$D^)Q-^,#$
e. Kiểm soát côn trùng/ động vật
 $,M.FB4UA_.!<#$L,N8^6.'C#.!„#*
 zB4^)JDQ%.!EX, Je#*QB.*\_$>,
 6'$O:'$t.J(P'4$v4^”Xf#*
 6'4$()#*4$64J(P'^”Xf#*
 $\#Q,H#J(P'$At#FA_-#
 ,68^6.'6'#$/.$"A4$fŒ#MA'O•
 z(A$D^)L,N8^6.'C#.!„#*
f. Nhân sự
 ,N8^6.Q-^,#$'6#$\#
 ,N8^6.^I'L$jG'e#*JD#*

 $Z'$,-#$At#FA_-#J/.>
 z(A$D^)
g. Xếp dỡ, lưu kho, bao gói và phân phối
 }M4Xq !6#$$($j#*Q/#$,—8'$v
0|
 z(AL$ 6'#*A_H#QB.F,-AJ"AQ/ F(AL$.!6#$^”Xf#*#$"85.!6#$#$,—8'$v
*A_H#QB.F,-A5$O:'$t.Q/;:;<4$V,J(P'F(AL$!,H#*;, ,N8^6.#$, Je
.$E'$$P4.!#*UA6.!<#$F(AL$
 O#**O, b:;<.$E'$$P45#$B#X,-#^V#4$k85X6##$d#
 $\#4$h, L,N8^6.Q,-'4$\#4$h,ŒQ-^,#$iG5#$, Je‰•,N8^6.#$/.$tA4$f
Œ#MA'O•
h. Nhận diện, truy vết và thu hồi sản phẩm
 t.'V'6'^V#4$k84$V,J(P'#$B#X,-#Q/.!A_QM.UA:'6''C#*J>#.†L$\A#$B4
#*A_H#F,-A'$JM#4$\#4$h,UA:$D^)'$M;,M#5'6'.$˜#$B#X,-#58d^h^V#4$k8Q/
;:;<
 $,M.FB4UA_.!<#$.$A$D,^V#4$k8L$,'O^Z'hiV_!:V#$$(a#*JM#^I'L$jG'[:
#*(=,.,HAX„#*
1.2.3.2. Chương trình tiên quyết SSOP
++Œ+:#,.:.,#+.:#X:!X4G!:.,#*!'GXA!G^• *$•:F/UA_4$>8Q-^,#$
$n'UA_.!<#$F/8Q-^,#$Q/.$[.f'L,N8^6.Q-^,#$
++'„#*QT,F/#$R#*'$()#*.!<#$.,H#UA_M.;S.;Ae'4$V,64Xf#*
++'„#*QT,L,N8^6.'6'J,N8L,N8^6.5*,&4.7#*$,-AUAV'[:LM
$>'$
a. An toàn nguồn nước
 zB4^)JD$-.$h#*'A#*'t4#(T'
 ,N8^6.$>.Je#*$-.$h#*i”Fm#(T' bVQ-#*AD##(T'L$C#*;%#$,—8;k#
ŒL,N8.!:J(=#*h#*5$,-#.(P#*'$V_#*(P'5Q-^,#$;N'$I:#(T'•,N8.!:X(F(P#*
'$F!,#G$/#*#*/_b)8'$F!,#GJ%#$F(P#*Q/$-.$h#*L,N8^6..ZJe#*
 ,N8.!:'$t.F(P#*#(T' zB4LM$>'$Q/Ft_8oA4$\#.E'$}”FmLM.UAV4$\#.E'$
b. Các bề mặt tiếp xúc với sản phẩm

 f'JE'$ JV8;VQ-^,#$'6';`8n..,M4i&'QT,.$Z'4$k8
 z/8^>'$Q/L$”.!„#* O:'$t.Q/#D#*Je^”Xf#*$()#*4$64Q-^,#$"#^At.
.$E'$$P4,68^6.Q/F(A$D^)Q-^,#$
c. Ngăn ngừa sự nhiễm chéo
 f'JE'$ #*7##*†:^Z#$,—8'$v.†'6'QB..$N$n'.†;`8n..,M4i&'L$C#*^>'$
Q/^V#4$k8
 ,N8^6.^ZF(A.$C#*'[:#*A_H#F,-A5;:;<5^V#4$k85X,'$A_N#'[:'C#*#$\#54$M
F,-A
 *7#'6'$$>.Je#*^V#iAt.'$'6'^V#4$k8'OJe![,!':54$\#;, '6'Xf#*'fa
.†#*L$AQZ''OJe^>'$L$6'#$:A
01
 ,N8^6.$>.Je#*Q/^ZX,'$A_N#'[:'C#*#$\#a'6'L$AQZ''OJe^>'$L$6'#$:A
 ,N8^6.'$,`A.$C#**,OQ/$-.$h#*^”Fm'$t..$V,
d. Vệ sinh cá nhân
 f'JE'$ C#*#$\#4$V,JV8;V_HA'"AQ-^,#$L$,^V#iAt.
 lA_J%#$Q`;V$eF:Je#*Q/Q-^,#$'6#$\#
 lA_J%#$Q,-'.$Z'$,-#!”:Q/L$”.!„#*.:_
 ,68^6.Q,-'.$Z'$,-#Q-^,#$Q/F(A$D^)
 ,N8.!:i6'#$B#$,-AUAVQ,-'!”:.:_Q/Q-^,#$
e. Bảo vệ sản phẩm không bị nhiễm bẩn
 f'JE'$ $C#*JN.$Z'4$k85;:;<5;`8n..,M4i&'QT,.$Z'4$k8;%#$,—8;k#;a,
'6'.6'#$\#*\_#$,—8
 lA_J%#$L,N8^6.Q-^,#$;`8n..,M4i&'QT,.$Z'4$k8
 lA_J%#$$>.Je#*;V.!<Q/*,68^6.'6'X"A;C,.!)#
 ,N8^6.^Z#*(#*.f$),#(T'
f. Sử dụng và bảo quản hóa chất
 f'JE'$ JV8;VQ,-'^”Xf#*Q/;VUAV#$O:'$t.L$C#**\_$>,'$^V#4$k8
 zB4X:#$8f''6'$O:'$t.J(P'4$v4^”Xf#*
 ,`AL,-#;VUAV#Q/^”Xf#*$O:'$t.
 lA_J%#$^”Xf#*Q/*$,#$d#'6'F>,$O:'$t.ŒJn';, 4$V,#$B#X>#*4$V,#$B#X,-#

!•'6'$O:'$t.Je'$>,•
 (T#*Xo#Q/J/.>'6'$^”Xf#*
 ,68^6.Q,-'iAt.#$B4Q/^”Xf#*$O:'$t.$/#*#*/_
g. Sức khỏe công nhân
 f'JE'$ V8;V'C#*#$\#Q/L$6'$JM#.$:8UA:#L$C#*F/#*AD#F\_#$,—8Q/
^V#4$k8
 ,N8.!:^I'L$jGJ%#$L•
 ,68^6..<#$.!>#*^I'L$jG'C#*#$\#$/#*#*/_
 $C#*;6Q/L,N8.!:^I'L$jGL$6'$.$:8UA:#
 z(A^K.$GX•,^I'L$jG'C#*#$\#Q/$D^)i”Fm
h. Kiểm soát động vật gây hại
 f'JE'$ ,HAX, Q/4$]#*'$h#*^Zi\8#$B4'[:Je#*QB.*\_$>,
 zB4UA_.!<#$L,N8^6.Je#*QB.*\_$>,
 zB4^)JD5LM$>'$Jn.;o_Q/4$A#i%.
 $Z'$,-#Q/*,68^6..$GLM$>'$
 z(A$D^)
i. Kiểm soát chất thải
 f'JE'$ >.Je#*'[:$-.$h#*.$A*8Q/i”Fm'$t..$V,L$C#**\_#$,—8'$^V#
4$k8
 $t..$V,!S# L,N8^6.Q,-'.$A*85QB#'$A_N#5'$I:JZ#*5."#^At.Q/.!6'$#$,-8
#*(=,.$Z'$,-#
2
 $t..$V,Fj#* L,N8^6.$>.Je#*'[:$-.$h#*.$6.#(T'5Q-^,#$Q/;V.!<5L,N8^6.
^Z'$V_#*(P'
1.2.4. 7 nguyên tắc của HACCP
 *A_H#.S'0 $\#.E'$8h,#*A_
 *A_H#.S'2 }6'J%#$'6'J,N8L,N8^6..T,$>#
 *A_H#.S'9 $,M.FB4'6'*,T,$>#.T,$>#
 *A_H#.S'3 $,M.FB4'6'.$[.f'*,68^6.
 *A_H#.S'u `!:'6'$/#$Je#*^”:'$R:

 *A_H#.S'y $,M.FB4'6'.$[.f'.$k8.!:
 *A_H#.S'{ $,M.FB4'6'.$[.f'F(A$D^)
1.2.5. 12 bước thực hiện
 b(T'0 $/#$FB4Je,
 b(T'2 C.V^V#4$k8
 b(T'9 }6'J%#$8f'JE'$^”Xf#*
 b(T'3 $,M.FB4^)JD.,M#.!<#$^V#iAt.
 b(T'u ,N8.!:.!H#.$Z'J%:^)JD.,M#.!<#$^V#iAt.
 b(T'y $\#.E'$8h,#*A_
 b(T'{ }6'J%#$'6'J,N8L,N8^6..T,$>#
 b(T'| FB4'6'*,T,$>#.T,$>#'$'6'
 b(T'1 $,M.FB4$-.$h#**,68^6.'$.†#*
 b(T'0 $,M.FB4'6'$/#$Je#*L$S'4$f'
 b(T'00 $,M.FB4'6'.$[.f'L,N8.!:i6'#$B#
 b(T'02 $,M.FB4./,F,-AQ/F(A*,R$D^)
1.2.5.1. Bước 1: Thành lập đội HACCP
 }6'J%#$4$>8Q,64Xf#*'[:LM$>'$
 :8LM.'[:;:#Fd#$J> V8;VQt#J`./,'$E#$JNLM$>'$.!,N#L$:,.$/#$'C#*
:8LM.'A#*'t4#*AD#FZ'JN.!,N#L$:,.$/#$'C#*$WJ%#$#*(=,4$f.!6'$
 ,`AL,-#Jh,QT,.$/#$Q,H#Je,
 +hF(P#*.$/#$Q,H#Je,
 !6'$#$,-8'[:Je,
1.2.5.2. Bước 2: Mô tả sản phẩm
(T#*Xo#'[:XGi 8C.V^V#4$k8;:*D8'6'.$C#*.,#Q`:#./#.$Z'
4$k8#$(
 H#^V#4$k8
 $/#$4$"#'tA.>
 6'.$Ae'.E#$'[:^V#4$k8
 6'$^”Xf#*Q/Jh,.(P#*^”Xf#*
 b:*O,

 $=,*,:#;VUAV#
 $()#*4$644$\#4$h,Œ#),.,HA.$f•
 (T#*Xo#*$,.!H##$d#
20
 ,`AL,-#QB#'$A_N#5;VUAV#54$\#4$h,
1.2.5.3. Bước 3: Nhận diện mục đích sử dụng ( Nguyên tắc 1)
(T#*Xo#'[:XGi
 Z:.!H#'6'$^”Xf#*.$C#*.$(=#*'[:#*(=,.,HAX„#*
 $S8JM#Jh,.(P#*.$E'$$P4Œ#$O8#*(=,#$>_'V8;:*D8#*(=,*,/5.!˜#$j5#*(=,
;-#$54$f#R8:#*.$:,5#*(=,;%^A_*,V8$-8,—##$,—8‰•
1.2.5.4. Bước 4: Xây dựng lưu trình sản xuất ( Nguyên tắc 1)
 f'JE'$ $AB#.,-#'$Q,-'.$tA$,NA$-.$h#*^V#iAt.NL$a,J"A'$Q,-'4$\#
.E'$8h,#*A_
 $>8Q, t.'V'6'#*A_H#F,-AJ"AQ/t.'V'6';(T''[:UA6.!<#$'$M;,M#$\A
4$\#4$h,
 e,XA#* !<#$.Z'6'UA6.!<#$'$M;,M#6'J,`AL,-#.!#*'$M;,M#6'J,`AL,-#
F(A.!RQ/4$\#4$h,
 6'$.!<#$;/_ O.$N^”Xf#*'6'^)JDJ)#*,V#$:_'6';,NA.(P#*JN.$N$,-#F(A
.!<#$^V#iAt..†J"AQ/.T,J"A!:
1.2.5.5. Bước 5: Kiểm tra xác nhận lưu trình sản xuất (Nguyên tắc 1)
 f'JE'$ !6#$F(A.!<#$^V#iAt..$,MAXo#JM#4$\#.E'$8h,#*A_.$,MA
 !(a#*#$O8^rLmQ/*$,#*/_L,N8.!:i6'#$B#FH#F(A.!<#$^V#iAt.
 $()#*4$64 }Ah#*^V#iAt..$Z'.M.E.#$t.$:,F"#L$,i(a#*^V#iAt.
1.2.5.6. Bước 6: Phân tích mối nguy (Nguyên tắc 1)
a. Lập danh sách mối nguy
 *A_H#QB.F,-AJ"AQ/
 6'_MA.h;H#.!#*^V#4$k8
 ,`AL,-#F(A.!RQ/4$\#4$h,
 $,M.LM#$/i(a#*Q/.$,M.;%
 ##*(=,

b. Đánh giá mối nguy
 }6'J%#$L$V#7#*iV_!:8h,#*A_
 }6'J%#$Je#*$,H8.!?#*'[:8h,#*A_
 E#$UA:#.!?#*':
c. Xác định biện pháp kiểm soát
 6';,-#4$64L,N8^6.8h,#*A_^,#$$?'
 6';,-#4$64L,N8^6.8h,#*A_$O:$?'
 6';,-#4$64L,N8^6.8h,#*A_QB.Fm
1.2.5.7. Xác định điểm kiểm soát tới hạn ( Nguyên tắc 2)
  F/J,N88/.>,JOQ,-'L,N8^6.F/'"#.$,M.JN#*7#'$n#$n'F>,;j8h,#*A_
$,N8:#./#.$Z'4$k8$n'*,V88h,#*A_#/_iAh#*JM#8I''O.$N'$t4#$B#
22
C1 >,'C#*J>##/_'O;,-#4$644$]#*#*†:Jh,QT,'6'8h,#*A_Jdi6'J%#$L$C#*›
C2 >,'C#*J>##/_'OJ(P'.$,M.LM'f.$NJNF>,;j$n'*,V88h,#*A_JM#8I'Je'O.$N'$t4#$B#L$C#*›
,`A'$W#$.$,M.;%5UA6.!<#$'$M;,M#’^V#4$k8
b,-#4$64L,N8^6.'O'"#.$,M.JV8;VL$C#*
C3 z,-A8h,#*A_JdJ(P'i6'J%#$'OL$V#7#*Q(P.UA68I''$t4#$B#5.,M#.T,8I'JeL$C#*'$t4#$B#$:_L$C#*›
C4 C#*J>#.,M4.$G'OF>,;j5*,V8.$,NA8h,#*A_.T,8I''O.$N'$t4#$B#J(P'L$C#*›Không phải là 1 CCP
O
CCP
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$C#**
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;,M#.>,JOQ,-'L,N8^6.'O.$N8t.J,8/L$C#*Xo#JM##*A_$,N8J6#*LN'$:#
./#.$Z'4$k8
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J%#$JNi6'J%#$
 b,NAJD'\_UA_M.J%#$
1.2.5.8. Bước 8: Thiết lập giới hạn tới hạn (Nguyên tắc 3)
 ,T,$>#.T,$># F/8e.*,6.!%$n'8e.'6,#*(q#*i6'J%#$8/8Y,;,-#4$644$]#*
#*†:.>,JO4$V,.$j:8d#
 (T#*Xo#XGi 6'*,T,$>#.T,$>#64Xf#*'$.t.'V,T,$>#.T,$>#F/!:#$
*,T,'[:Q,-''$t4#$B#'$t.F(P#*^V#4$k8Q/:#./#.$Z'4$k8$V,JF(=#*J(P'
$V,i6'J%#$*,6.!%^”Xf#*
 6'#*AD#.<8$,NAQ`*,T,$>#.T,$># 6'.,HA'$Ak#J(P'^”Xf#*;:*D8'6';,-#
4$64JF(=#*#$, Je5.$=,*,:#5L,N8^6.Jek8‰6'#*AD#.$C#*.,#JN.$,M.FB4
*,T,$>#.T,$>#
 }6'J%#$*,6.!%^”Xf#*'6'*,T,$>#.T,$># ,-'i6'J%#$'6'*,6.!%^”Xf#*'6'*,T,
$>#.T,$>#'$I#*.j!w#**,T,$>#.T,$>#^r.$Z'^ZL,N8^6.8h,#*A_}6'J%#$*,6
.!%^”Xf#*;:*D8i6'J%#$'6'.,HA'$Ak#Q/./,F,-A.$:8L$V$,-#$/#$'$'6'*,T,
$>#.T,$>#Jd.$,M.FB4Q/Ft_8oA4$\#.E'$JNi6'J%#$Q`:#./#.$Z'4$k8
 6'L,NA*,T,$>#.T,$># ,T,$>#QB.Fm5*,T,$>#$O:$?'5*,T,$>#^,#$$?'
29
 ,T,$>#$>.Je#* F/'6'.,HA'$Ak##*$,H8#*n.$)#'6'*,T,$>#.T,$>#JNJV8;V
^V#iAt..$Z'4$k8:#./#
1.2.5.9. Bước 9: Thiết lập hệ thống giám sát (Nguyên tắc 4)
 $,M.FB4UA_.!<#$*,68^6.'$8Y,
 ,68^6.F/'6'$>.Je#*UA:#^6.$n'JF(=#*'6'*,T,$>#.T,$>#JNL,N8^6.'6'

 b,M.J(P'L$,#/'6'Q(P.L$j,."8L,N8^6.
 $B#;,M.J(P'#$R#*Qt#J`.!(T'L$,'$&#*iV_!:
 lA_.!<#$*,68^6.;:*D8 ,68^6.'/,*<›,68^6.aJ\A›$,#/'"#*,68^6.›,
.$Z'$,-#Q,-'*,68^6.›,68^6.;w#*'6'$#/›

1.2.5.10. Bước 10: Thiết lập hành động khắc phục (Nguyên tắc 5)
 $,M.FB4$/#$Je#*L$S'4$f'L$,Q,-'*,68^6.'$W!•8e.J,N8L,N8^6..T,$>#Œ•
L$C#*#w8X(T,^ZL,N8^6.
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#*(=,'O.$k8UA_`#z(A$D^)
1.2.5.11. Bước 11: Thiết lập thủ tục kiểm tra xác nhận (Nguyên tắc 6)
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Je#*8e.'6'$$,-AUAV
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z/8.7#*#$B#.$I'Q/$,NA;,M.Q`$-.$h#*'[:#$\#Q,H#
1.2.5.12. Bước 12: Thiết lập tài liệu và lưu giữ hồ sơ (Nguyên tắc 7)
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23
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1.2.5.13. Thực hiện triển khai hệ thống HACCP
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 $/#$FB4Je,#*g
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 p4Xf#*$-.$h#*./,F,-A.!#*.$Z'.M
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 6#$*,6'$I#*#$B#
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CHƯƠNG II: ĐÁNH GIÁ CÁC ĐIỀU KIỆN TIÊN QUYẾT
CỦA CÔNG TY
2.1. Đánh giá điều kiện tiên quyết GMP
2.1.1. Nhà xưởng
2.1.1.1. Nhà xưởng và các khu vực xung quanh
 !f^a'$E#$'[:'C#*.AJ(P'Jn..>,y09!"#>,*$•:5$(=#*\#>5lAB#
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2
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2
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Q`*,:.$C#*
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.h.
2.1.1.2. Thiết kế và xây dựng

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#$B4Q/#$/i(a#*
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 `#i(a#*J(P'^)#;w#*^)#G4i_L$C#*.$t8#(T''OJeXh'JNX—.$Z'$,-#Q,-'Q-
^,#$
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