Đề cương môn Nói Tiếng Anh 6 EN39.042 EHOU

SPEAKING 6
REVISION and PRACTICE
You are taking the final oral test for Speaking 6. You will totally have 7 minutes for the
test. You have NO time for preparation before speaking.
First, you will have ONE minute to introduce yourself using the following script
- Good morning/afternoon.

- My full name is … .

–I was born on… (the candidate’s date of birth) - My student ID is …. .
Now, let’s do the first part of the test.

Task 1: General Interview (2 minutes)
You are suggested to spend maximum 15 seconds for each question to talk about the
following topic. You are supposed to extend the answer with adequate information.
HOMETOWN
1. Do you live in a town or a city?
I live in Dalat city which is located on the Lang Biang Plateau in the southern parts
of the Central Highlands
2. Do many tourists visit your area?
Yes, they do. Because my hometown is a famous tourist city in southern Vietnam,
thus many tourists are interested in visiting here on every holiday occasion.
3. Do you think your home town/city will change much in the future?
Yes, of course. I think my hometown will change much in the future. The proof is
that my cities have changed a lot in many aspects in recent years such as
infrastructure, economy, living standards, etc. Besides the positive changes,
negative changes also come with it, polluted environment/inˈvīrənmənt/, for
example. However, I think changes are essential for development.


CHILDHOOD

1. What is your most vivid childhood memory?
When I was a child, my mother used to take me with her whenever she went out. So
even though I was only two and a half years old, I remembered the road pretty well.
Then on the first day of kindergarten, when not seeing a school security guard, I
went home by myself at lunch break. As a result, both my teacher and my family
had a panic shock.
2. Are you still in touch with your childhood friends?
Yes, sure. I am still in touch with some close friends who studied with me in
elementary/ eləˈment(ə)rē/ and high school.
3. What was your favourite toy when you were a child?
Dolls are my favorite toys when I was a child. I'd got about 10 dolls with different
hair colors. My friends extremely adore them.
CLOTHES
1. What kind of clothes do you wear to school?
When I was in school, I often wore/ wɔːr/a uniform that consists of a white shirt
with the school logo on the left sleeve and navy trousers. Besides, I was also
required to wear the white Ao Dai for important events or ceremonies. But I did not
like to wear Ao Dài because it was uncomfortable for daily use.
2. Do you prefer wearing formal or casual clothes? Why?
Casual and formal clothing are two of the most common dress rules, each with its
own distinct style. If the occasion has a formal ambiance, I will choose to dressed
formal clothes, and vice versa, I prefer to wear casual /ˈkæʒuəl/ clothes, like Tee
shirts, jeans, sneakers/ˈsniːkər/, etc. they make me feel much more comfortable and
relaxed.
3. Do you like to get clothes as a gift from your friends or family? Why/why not?
Yes, of course. I do like to get clothes as a gift from my friends or family.
Compared to giving flowers and cards, I feel clothes as gifts are more practical


TRANSPORT

1. How do you get to university?
I used to live near the university so I often rode a bike to school, it took just 5
minutes from my house.
2. Do you ever have any problem with your transport?
Yes, of course. Sometimes my bike has a flat tire, but for me, the bike's pretty light,
and it was easy to carry it go home
3. How could your journey be improved?
I've got a new bike and it comes with a wheel /wiːl/ pump. It is very convenient to
fix this problem.
FITNESS
1. Do you try to keep fit? How?
Yes, I do. Actually, I want to gain weight, I look quite thin compared to my height.
So, I have made a menu with 6 meals a day as well as exercising 3 days a week to
improve my health and weight.
2. Do you think it is important for young people to keep fit?
I think it’s important for young people to keep fit because many researchers indicate
that inactive children are likely to become inactive adults, which is a reason today’s
young people usually have problems with heart disease and cancer/ putting young
people at risk of developing life-threatening conditions such as heart disease and
cancer. This is why it's important to encourage exercise and keeping fit from a
young age.
3. Have you ever watched a sporting event live?
No, I haven’t. But I wish I could experience a sporting event/ əˈvent/ live in the
near future. I think it will be exciting.


FAMILY
1. What do you like doing most with your family?
I like to travel with family most. We usually travel at least once time a year in
summer or spring. This is a great time for us to share wonderful moments together.

2. Who are you close to in your family?
I think maybe my father. Because we have a lot of things in common, we can share
and talk about any topic or aspect of life.
3. In what way is your family important to you?
Family is a priceless/ ˈprīsləs/ gift, a circle of strength and love. When I struggle
with many difficulties and challenges, I usually share them with my family and they
will encourage me. No matter how far the distance keeps us away from the family,
at the end of the day we always look forward to uniting with our loved ones.
STUDYING
1. Why do you choose to study English?
Because English is a requirement subject at my school as I was young, then when I
grew up, I chose to study English because it’s a popular foreign language in
Vietnam as well as over the world to be able to study and develop a career and
explore the world.
2. What is the most difficult thing about your study?
I have difficulty in listening skills, this makes me confused leading to bad speaking
skills.
3. What course would you like to do in the future?
I think I will practice listening more by myself because if I want to get better I can
only practice hard and frequent.


MUSIC
1. What kind of music do you like?
I like Soft Rock Ballads - a niche genre of rock music that was mastered in the 80s,
some songs are still popular today like November Rain by Guns N’ Roses, I’ll Stand
By You by The Pretenders, or Wind of Change by Scorpions.
2. What do you like about it?
Because Soft Rock Ballads are a genre of rock music hidden intense emotions
through mellow music. It can alter my mood, emotions, and motivation. Listening to

music and experiencing emotions can help me release stress or depression.
3. Do you play or would you like to play a musical instrument?
Beside Rock Ballads, I also love traditional music, so I have been learning to play
Dan Tranh for 2 months.

Task 2: Individual long-run (2 minutes)
Use your two minutes to talk about what you are required to do. Pay attention to the
suggestions
1. FOOD
Describe a popular dish from your region that you enjoy making
(You should say: What this dish is/ Why you enjoy making it/ When you usually
make it/ Why it is popular in your region)
I think one of the popular dishes in my region as well as in Vietnam is rice noodle
soup, Pho. Pho is served in many restaurants in Vietnam, so much so that foreigners
think Vietnamese food is mainly pho. It is just the tip of the iceberg /ˈaɪsbɜːrɡ/ in
Vietnamese cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/ but it’s the most iconic /aɪˈkɑːnɪk/ of them all.
My family loves Pho bo (rice beef noodle soup) because of its delicious taste with
the stock made from the beef shank, neck, ox tail, etc. The meaty toppings include
thinly sliced eye-round beef steak, flank, brisket, beef balls, tendon, and tripe. It's
also spiced with aromatics /ˌærəˈmætɪk/ like cardamom /ˈkɑːrdəməm/, cinnamon,


star anise /ˈænɪs/, coriander /ˌkɔːriˈændər/, and cloves, I usually make it twice a
week.
2. LEISURE ACTIVITY
Describe a common leisure activity in Vietnam
(You should say: What activity is / What type of people do it / Where and when it is
possible to do it/ Why it is popular)
When it comes to a common leisure activity in Vietnam, no doubt we think about
jogging which can be done by everyone, including the elderly and youngsters. We

can find a large number of people walking alone or with their pets in many public
parks in the morning or evening. Jogging has become a popular activity such an
indispensable/ ˌindəˈspensəb(ə)l/ habit that many people defy/ dəˈfī/ the ban
/ben/ on leaving the house during the corona epidemic/ ˌepəˈdemik/ to go jogging.
3. EMAIL
Describe an important email you received
(You should say: Who the email was from/ What it was about/ Why it was
important/ How you felt about it)
After I obtained my first bachelor's /ˈbaCH(ə)lər/ degree in major management of
export and import, I applied to many companies. One month later, I received that I
was called to interview for the position of import and export document officer by
Transimex Corporation. This email brought me many special emotions, and I still
remember them very well, which are emotion, excitement, enthusiasm /inthu-si-azum/, and desire to express myself.
4. ADVERTISEMENT
Describe an advertisement you have seen or read that you like.
(You should say: What it is/ Where you first saw it/ Why you like it/ Whether
advertisement is necessary or not, why?)


I once watched a promotional video of a leading Thailand energy corporation. The
ad begins with a rich man who wants to buy a house in a prime /praɪm/ location.
This house is currently running a restaurant business. But after he stopped by and
had a meal, he discovered that this restaurant sells food at a very cheap price. In
addition, it also serves free snacks and drinks. Many people with different
situations, especially, people in the popular class – who have a low income- usually
come here to enjoy the meals. When watching until the end of the ad, their brand
appeared with the slogan "Long-term profit is sustainable /səˈstānəb(ə)l/ value".
The images/ˈɪmɪdʒig/ are integrated with a meaningful slogan which brings a
unique and humane message.
5. ENVIRONMENT

Describe a natural disaster you have experienced.
(You should say: What the disaster was/ When you experienced it/ What you did
How you felt about it)
Well, I would like to talk about the landslide due to heavy rain that happened in
Dalat in June 2022. At that time, Da Lat entered the rainy season with heavy and
continuous rainfall. Meanwhile, the urbanization process of the city has caused
natural flows to be filled, and the ground is weak due to being hydrated for a long
time, causing a high risk of landslides. I witnessed one of two particularly large
landslides with thousands of cubic meters of rock falling from the high mountains,
spilling onto the main road. It happened while I was on the Prenn pass to enter
Dalat city. Although there were no casualties/ˈkæʒuəlti/, the landslide caused traffic
on this road to be blocked in both directions. I got scared and stuck there for 12
hours.

Task 3: Topic Discussion (2 minutes)
1. FOOD
a. Do you think large fast-food companies should be allowed to target at children
in their advertising campaigns? Why?


I believe that large fast-food companies should be banned from targeting
children in their advertising campaigns.
First of all, it is not ethical/ ˈeTHək(ə)l/ to target children with advertisements,
as they are not yet able to distinguish advertising from actual programming in the
way adults can. This means that advertising aimed at children is misleading and
unfair.
Second, many children are easily manipulated to want things they see in
advertisements, which usually include attractive and interesting content, and this
may cause conflicts between parents and children if parents deny their children of
something they want.

Last but not least, advertising targeted at children can have negative effects /ɪ
ˈfekt/on their health, as many fast food and junk food companies these days direct

their marketing strategies towards children, making their products appear to be
healthy and appealing. Unfortunately, most children do not understand the concept
of advertising. They are easily persuaded/pərˈsweɪd/ to purchase/ˈpərCHəs/ these
unhealthy foods, and as a consequence/ ˈkänsikwəns/, they can be at risk of many
serious health issues, such as obesity and diabetes /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/.
To sum up, because of some negative effects mentioned above, advertising
campaigns of fast-food companies should not target at children.
b. How important is food as a representative of a country’s culture?
Clearly, food is a powerful connective tool in daily life, and it also plays an
important role in connecting people to their countries’ cultures or ethnic groups.
First of all, in religion/rɪˈlɪdʒən/, food is one of the most important parts of
religious /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/ ceremonies. The role of food in religious culture is an important
part of showing respect among their communities and many of these religions obey
/əˈbeɪ/ the religious commandments, hence food is prepared in different ways.
Second, food is not only seen as a means of survival, but also a
multidimensional /ˌmʌltidaɪˈmenʃənl/ thing that shapes /ʃeɪp/ people, their
identities, their cultures, and in the end, their society. In other words, each different
group of people in different areas has their own recipes or dishes that distinguish
them from others. For example, tomato, basil /ˈbeɪzl/, and mozzarella / ˌmätsə
ˈrelə/ cheese on a pizza signify /ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪ/ a taste /teɪst/ of Italy.


In addition, food and food-related etiquette /ˈetɪkət/ also show the effect of a
country’s culture on them. People in Western societies may refer to food-related
etiquette as table manners, a phrase that illustrates the cultural expectation of eating
food or meals at a table. Some people eat with forks and spoons; more people use
fingers or chopsticks.

In conclusion, food tells us something about a culture’s approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ to
life; therefore, it is an important and interesting entrance to understanding the
culture of a country or ethnic group.
c. Compare the importance of local and imported goods for the economy of a
country?
Exporting and importing play a significant role in the growth of national
economies and in expanding /ɪkˈspænd/ the global market.
In terms of importing, many countries purchase goods that are either not readily
available domestically /dəˈmestɪkli/ or are available cheaper overseas from a
foreign country to serve the local demand. Imports are important for businesses and
individual consumers /kənˈsuːmər/. Oftentimes, imported products provide a better
price or more choices to consumers, which help increase their living standards.
In terms of exporting, every country is endowed with certain advantages in
resources and skills. For example, some countries are rich in natural resources, they
will export fossil/ˈfäsəl/ fuels, minerals, timber, etc. to other countries that have
shortages of many of these resources. The more a country exports, the more
domestic economic activity is occurring. If a country is a net exporter, its gross
domestic product increases, which is the total value of the finished goods and
services it produces in a given period of time. More exports mean more production,
jobs, and revenue. In other words, net exports increase the wealth of a country.
In conclusion, countries want to be net exporters /ekˈspɔːrtər/ rather than net
importers. Importing is not necessarily /ˌnesəˈserəli/ a bad thing because it gives us
access to important resources and products not otherwise available or at a cheaper
cost. However, if importing more than exporting, more money is leaving the country
than is coming in through export sales.


2. FREE TIME ACTIVITY
a. Would you agree that it is important for older or retired people to keep
themselves busy? Can you suggest some suitable activities?

I personally agree that older or retired people should have some activities at a
certain level to stay physically /ˈfɪzɪkli/ and socially /ˈsəʊʃəli/ active.
The main reason is that this will help them avoid boredom and loneliness.
Elderly people have a large amount of free time, which was once used to develop
work, career, and family care. When they retire, this free time easily makes them
nostalgic/nəˈstaldʒɪk/ or sad/sæd/ because of many problems related to their age
and health; therefore they see themselves as a burden to their children and society.
The second reason is that attending activities will help them to reduce the risk of
developing several health problems. In other words, attending activities keeps them
moving their bodies, such as walking, jogging, warm-up exercises, sitting and
standing, gardening, and so on. These movements maintain muscle strength, and
blood flow and reduce risks of diseases. The activities also give them new hobbies
so that they won’t have time to think of the negative sides of being old and retired.
The third reason is that participating in charity activities will help them keep in
touch with people of the same age, contributing themselves to society as well as
regularly update social issues so as not to become obsolete /ˌɑːbsəˈliːt/.
In conclusion, some activities such as sports, exercise, gardening, or attending
charity clubs will be good options for the elderly to maintain their both physical and
mental health.
b. In your opinion, do young people have enough or too much leisure time?
Why/why not?
My view on the matter is that not all young people have a lot of leisure /ˈliːʒər/
time for some reason.
Firstly/ To begin with, in the modern days, young people have a much wider
range of choosing which activities to proceed /prəʊˈsiːd/ with during their free time
because of today´s provided technology. They can be easily lured /lʊr/ by attractive
/əˈtraktiv/ and interesting content on TV, games, or social sites; therefore, they

expand /ɪkˈspænd/ their leisure time longer than it’s supposed /səˈpəʊzd/ to.

However, in many cases, young people don’t have too much leisure /ˈliːʒər/
time to spend because they are living a sedentary lifestyle due to the school system
or standards of society. To illustrate, many Asian parents, who usually put high
expectations on their children to be a doctor or businessmen to be considered truly
successful, demand their children take much time to study to be good at every
subject at school. They think that their children should spend most of their time
doing homework or assignments, otherwise they’re being lazy.
In addition, university competition force students to study much harder since the
university just recruits /rɪˈkruːt/ or accepts students who have higher grades.
Consequently, young people try their best to gain the standard; they will try to do
something that enables them to gain their goals such as studying a lot instead of
spending free time relaxing.
In conclusion, there are a major number of young people that have too little
freetime due to study standard and parents’ expectation /ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/.
c. What new kinds of leisure activities would you like to see introduced in areas
which don’t currently exist? Why?
Leisure/ˈliːʒər/ activities are increasingly diversified /daɪˈvɜːrsɪfaɪ/ and
developed to serve the increasing demand as well as the continuous innovation
requirements from customers. Besides extroverted /ˈekstrəvɜːrtɪd/ leisure activities,
I think we should widely introduce to the community introverted /ˈɪntrəvɜːrtɪd/
leisure activities such as meditation /ˌmedɪˈteɪʃn/.
It can be said that meditation is a leisure activity for the soul. It benefits all
ages, including children aged from 8-9 and over. Meditation is not about forcing
ourselves to think or not think about something, but about relaxing, and clearing our
minds. It helps each person focus on themselves, relax physically and mentally to
live well and increase concentration as well to make more accurate and creative
decisions, especially, helping themselves balance, and enjoy themselves in life.
I think this activity can be encouraged at community houses, residential /ˌrezɪ
ˈdenʃl/ areas, or in cultural centers of wards or districts. Instructional /ɪnˈstrʌkʃənl/

courses for proper meditation can be offered free of charge or with a discounted


entry/ˈentri/ fee to encourage more participation, benefiting the community in those
areas.
3. TECHNOLOGY
a. Do you think technology has changed the way we communicate?
Nowadays, it’s difficult to imagine a world without technology. It has changed
the way we work, study, do business, enjoy, etc. especially, the way we
communicate.
Firstly, technology shortens the distance between us, businesses, or countries
because it can help us communicate and reach people within seconds. For example,
the way people connect from letter to telephone, and then is mobile phone. It has
become easy to connect with people immediately.
Secondly, technology has drastically /ˈdræstɪkli/ changed the way people
communicate with each other through the internet. We can talk face-to-face, and
make video calls by using social applications like messenger, Zalo, Viber, etc.
In conclusion, technology helps to improve communication, access to
information, and as well as improve work efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃnsi/ and productivity.
b. How do job opportunities differ for those who have computer skills from those
who do not
With the penetration /ˌpenəˈtreɪʃn/ of information technology into every walk
of life and business, computer skills have become an essential requirement for
workers.
To begin with, modern businesses rely heavily on computerized /kəm
ˈpjuːtəraɪz/ technology to efficiently complete vast amounts of tasks. Therefore,
companies need their employees to be able to operate computer programs efficiently
and quickly to complete tasks, as well as improve productivity and solve complex
problems.
As a result, people who have computer skills are in a higher position in the

labor market compared to those who do not have the skills.
First, the ability to use a variety of computer programs is an important skill to
put on a CV and in further career. It not only helps employees in applying for their
jobs but also increases their salary as/ because they can take on more responsibility.


Second, if they are unemployed, they can find new jobs related to their old
ones or their strengths more easily thank to the knowledge of how to access and use
the Internet opens up a variety of possibilities to communicate with both coworkers
and recruiters /rɪˈkruːtər/.
In conclusion, computer skills are essential and required by various
employers. Therefore, those who have the skills can apply for jobs, increase their
future salary as well as find themselves other potential opportunities more quickly
than those who do not.
c. Do you think the existence of computer in schools has improved the way
students learn?
Well, yes. Computers are beneficial in so many aspects of learning and teaching.
First of all, it helps students learn more and learn better. Having access to computers
in the classroom allows students to learn about the relevant course and research
materials quickly and efficiently with a simple click through the internet. For
example, students hundreds of years ago used to go to libraries, spending a great
amount of time to find a book they thought would have some references, they read it
and then spent the same time finding another when the last one did not meet their
requirement. Whereas, nowadays students can easily find various research materials
and other relative information on the Internet with a simple click.
Second, it can save money. Although devices such as Chromebooks, iPads, and
computers all cost quite a bit of money, in the long term, they offer so many tools
and applications to replace physical ones which can cost more than a device. For
instance, a price of an ebook file of a book is cheaper and more practical than a
physical one and they don’t need a big bookshelf to store. Besides, students can

carry as many “books” as they want in their backpacks without worrying about their
weight, book care, and so on.
Last but not least, computers in schools provide handy tools and opportunities for
teachers as well. Teachers enjoy technology because it offers plenty of tools, which
are mostly free, to enhance classroom learning, communication with parents, and
their own professional development.


In conclusion, the existence /ɪɡˈzɪstəns/ of computers in schools has efficiently
improved the way students learn.
4. ENVIRONMENT
a. How will climate change affect where people live in the next ten years?
Although climate change is a global issue, the effects of climate change are
not the same around the world. In general, I believe that there are several standing
out changes as follows.
The first issue is that local temperatures will change significantly and some
regions might warm more quickly than others. In recent years, the weather in big
cities around the world has been becoming hotter in summer and colder in winter.
Melting of sea ice will increase the level of seawater, which can cause lost land for
residence and agriculture.
Second, climate change has significant impacts on human health and food
production. For example, increased temperatures, drought /draʊt/ and water stress,
diseases, and weather extremes /ɪkˈstriːm/ create challenges for the farmers as well
as harm livestock /ˈlaɪvstɑːk/ and plants. Moreover, flooding /ˈflʌdɪŋ/ can lead to
disease spread, and dry conditions lead to more wildfires, which bring many health
risks.
Finally, as ocean temperatures rises, hurricanes /ˈhəriˌkān/ are getting
stronger and wetter, which can cause direct and indirect damage to infrastructure.
In conclusion, the impacts of climate change on different sectors of society
are interrelated. Most of them already exist /iɡˈzist/ and they will continuously

increase in the future.
b. Do you think governments will pay more attention to climate change in the
future?
Global climate change - one of the top concerns of the world today - has been
threatening society for a while now. We are seeing more and more dangerous
weather patterns emerging/əˈmərjiNG/, it's also accompanied by many negative
effects. So I think governments will have to pay more attention to this issue both
now and future.
Firstly, the role of governments is important in increasing people's
understanding and awareness of the threats to climate change. People in many


places in the world are not directly affected /əˈfektɪd/ by climate change. They
cannot directly see the effects of an issue and fail to recognize the imminent/
ˈimənənt/ threat. But the harsh reality /riˈæləti/ is that climate change has been
threatening society for a while now.
Secondly, each government has a responsibility to care for its people, and the
power to influence its country on environmental protection and climate change by
enacting /ɪˈnækting/ regulations and laws. For example, they should issue a ban on
single-use plastic bags, to make the dangers that single-use plastic bags pose to the
environment. Each person with a small action will contribute to slowing down
global warming rates and preserving the earth
In conclusion, climate change is an issue for everyone, in every country.
Therefore, the least we can do is support the good implementation /ˌɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃn/
of government policies on environmental protection and climate change reduction
/rɪˈdʌkʃn/.
c. What can we do to help reduce global warming?
I believe that global warming is a serious problem that can not be solved in a
short term; however, there are some ways people can do to make a difference.
First, people should power their homes with renewable energy. For example,

replace household utilities/ juːˈtɪləti/ with ones that use wind or solar energy. That
can not only help save electricity but also help people save a great amount of money
on their electric bills.
Second, reducing water waste is another good way to do this. Because it
takes a lot of energy to pump, heat, and treat water, saving water reduces carbon/
ˈkärbən/ pollution. To illustrate, people can take shorter showers and turn off the tap
while brushing their teeth or washing things.
Third, people should actually eat the food they buy, and if they can not, they
should compost it. Growing, processing, packing and shipping food takes a great
amount of energy, and the one used to burn wasted food in the landfill is even more
than that. Whereas, recycling food and other organic waste into compost provides a
range of environmental benefits, including improving soil health, reducing


greenhouse gas emissions, recycling nutrients, and mitigating the impact of
droughts.
In conclusion, some ways people can do to help slow down global warming
can be named as using renewable energy, reducing water and food waste.
5. SOCIAL ASPECTS
a. How important do you consider a good salary is for job satisfaction?
Well, although I personally believe that a good salary has a significant
contribution to job satisfaction, there are still many critical aspects to consider.
To begin with, it is true that money is almost everyone’s concern when they
apply for a job. Money is an important tool for people to deal with immediate /i
ˈmēdēət/ essential problems such as rent, moving costs, daily expenses, savings, and
so on.
However, if people don’t like what they do, it will be torture /ˈtɔːrtʃər/ for
them, and I don’t believe that they can be persistent and productive in such a
situation. People become excellent and improve themselves with their fondness for
their job, and clearly, no money can buy job achievements and enthusiasm.

In addition, the working environment contributes an important part to job
satisfaction. Even though workers are offered a good deal of salary, they still easily
quit/ kwit/ their jobs if they are not supported by their managers and peers or if there
is too much work needed to be done while their salary is limited.
In conclusion, apart from salary, there are still other factors that contribute to
job satisfaction, such as job enthusiasm, and working environment.
b. Do you think that in the future people will retire at an earlier or later than
they do now?
I personally believe that, in the future, people will retire earlier than they do
at the present.
To begin with, the issue of the “retirement age” becomes a bit irrelevant as
long as someone is enjoying their work or activities. If 25-year-old workers spend


their time wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ and efficiently, they could retire at 50 or younger to enjoy
their life before starting to consider themselves as “senior” citizen at an age of 60.
In addition, according to some recent surveys, a major of people of working
age choose to retire at an early age. Since they have good financial security, they
want to spend more time with families and enjoy things when they would still
remain healthy and active both mentally and physically.
Furthermore, many young people of Gen Z, who will surely be dominant in
the future, are on the road to saving for their early retirement based on the save-forretirement drumbeat recently. They want to gain different experiences before
shifting to something new instead of looking to move up the corporate ladder like
the previous generations.
To sum up, many signals are showing that people are planning to retire at
early age recently, and I believe that this trend will continue to grow in the future.
c.

How, do you think, our working hours will change in the future?
I believe that the number of working hours will probably be significantly

reduced.
To begin with, there is a common belief that the length of the working week
does not reflect the modern lifestyle; therefore the working week should be reduced
to give people more leisure time and time with their family. In other words, they
suggest it is necessary to go down work time to less than 40 hours per week because
the remaining time after eight working hours per day, six days a week is little and
this leads to a number of psychological as well as social problems.
In addition, governments will also increase the number of days off in a year.
Employees will be entitled to an increase in the number of public holidays, days off
on each occasion, and vacation days during the year while still receiving the full
salary.
Moreover, in the face of competitive pressure, enterprises will invest in
technology, equipment, and machinery as well as a training method to improve the
skills and techniques of employees; therefore, workers' work will be lighter and less
stressful.


To sum up, I personally believe the number of working hours in the future will
be significantly reduced to less than 40 hours per week as well as the number of
days off in a year will increase.