Cấu trúc đảo ngữ tự viết

Ôn Tập Tiếng Anh
Cấu Trúc Đảo Ngữ
1. Đảo ngữ thường gặp khi viết lại câu
a) SO-SUCH
Hình thức: *S+be/V+so+adj/adv+that+clause.
=So+adj/adv+be/do
*S+be+such+(a/an)+adj+N+that+clause.
=Such+a/an+adj+N+be+S+that+clause.
Ví dụ: *He worked so hard in the past that he is now weak.
=So hard did he work in the past that he is now weak/
*The question was so great that he had to think it over.
=Shuch great question was it that he had to think it over.
b) NEVER-AT NO TIME.
Hình thức: S+have/has+never+V_pp before/in one’s lìe/again…
=Never/ At no time+before/in one’s life/again+have/has+S+V_pp.
(Nếu trong câu có before/in one’s life/ thì ta đưa lên với never)
Ví dụ: She has neverr been so happy before.
=Never before has she been so happy.
c) HARDLY-NO SOONER
Hình thức:S+had+hardly+V_pp+…+when+clause
=Hardly+had+S+V_pp+…+when+clause (Vừa mới…thì đã)
=No sooner +had+S+V_pp+…than+clause.
Ví dụ: He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang
=Hardly had he left the office when the telephone rang
=No sooner had he left the office than…
d) ONLY WHEN-NOT UNTIL
Hình thức: *Only when+S+V/V_aux+S+V (chỉ khi làm gì)
*[Not until+N+V_aux+S+V (Mãi đến khi)
[Not until+Clause+V_aux+S+V (Cho đến khi)
Ví dụ:*I didn’t know she had been well-known untilmy friends told me.
=Only when my friends told me did I know she had been well-know.

*Man didn’t fly into space until the early 1960s
=Not until the early 1960s did man fly into space
*They couldn’t go on working until the rain stopped.
=Not until the rain stopped could they go on working.
e) NOT ONLY-BUT ALSO
Hình thức: Not only+V_aux+S+V_inf+…but+S+also+V…
Ví dụ: He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me.
=Not only did he spend all his money but he also borrowed from me.
f) IT WAS NOT UNTIL
Hình thức: S+didn’t+V_inf+…until…
=It was not until+mốc thời gian+that+S+V_ed (Mãi cho đến khi…thì)
=Not until+Mốc thời gian+did+S+Vinf.
Ví dụ: She didn’t become a teacher until 1990
= It was not until 1990 that she become a teacher.
= Not until 1990 did she become a teacher.
2. Bài Tập
He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me.
Not only_____________________________________
2. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.
No sooner ____________________________________
3. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
Hardly _____________________________________
4. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang.
Not until _____________________________________
5. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.
Only ________________________________________
6. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you.
Never _________________________________________
7 The facts were not all made public until later.
Only______________________________________

8. The response to our appeal was so great that we has to take on more staff.
Such__________________________________________
9. Harry broke his leg, and also injured his shoulder.
Not only ____________________________________
10. The snowfall was so heavy that all the trains had to be cancelled.
So ________________________________________
11. As soon as I got into the bath, someone knocked at the door.
No sooner _____________________________________
12. There was so much uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed.
Such_______________________________________
13. It’s not common for there to be so much rain in March.
Seldom______________________________________
14. You won’t allowed in until your identify has been checked.
Only_______________________________________∀
15. Just after the play started there was a power failure.
Hardly______________________________________
16. The way so much money has been spent to so little purpose must be a record.
Never before________________________________
Cấu Trúc Tương Đương
1. Cấu trúc của run out of.
Form: S+run out of+something
=S+don’t have anything
=S+be+empty
Example: We’ve run out of tea
=There tea is empty
=We don’t have any tea
2. Tường thuật với denied.
Form: It+be+certainly/surely+wasn’t+O+who+V+…
=S+denied+V_ing… (tường thuật lại ý phủ định)
Example: “It certainly wasn’t me who took your car!” said Bob

=Bob denied taking my car
3. Cấu trúc Sure= Must have
Form: S+ be sure +V_past+…
=S+must |have+V_pp
|not+V_pp
Example: I’m sure he was at home last night.
=He must have been at home last night.

4.Cấu trúc với posssible và Pershaps
Form: It is possoble that+ S+ V_past
=S+think+perhaps+S+V_past
=S+can/could/might/may+have+V_pp
Example: I think perhaps she was there last ngight.
=she can have been there last night
5. Because of…
Form: S1+V1+Because of/Owning to/Due to+V_ing/N
=S1+V1+because+as+since+S2+V2
Example: he wasn’t allowed to come in because he was late.
=Due to being late, he wasn’t allowed allowed to come in
6.Make
Form: *S+made+O+V_pp
=Force+O to V_inf
*S+be+adj
=S+make+O+adj
Example: *Why was she late?
=What makes she late?
*They make him wait for two hours
=He was made to wait for two hours.
7. It’s high time
Form: It’s high time+S+past subjunctive

=S+should/ had better/ ought to+V_inf
Example: You really should be able to dress yourself by now.
=It’s high time you dressed yourself by now.
8. Not only… But also
Form: S+V+both… and
=S+V+O/C+and+O/C
=S+V+and+S+V
=S+V+not only… but also.
Example: You are both funny and witty.
=You are not only funny and witty.
=You are funny and witty.
9. Causative form.
Form:
1. Causative active: S+get/ask/request/want+S.O do S.T
=S+have+S.O+to do Sth.
2. Causative passive: =S+have Sth+P.P
Example: Someone is going to repair my TV set tomorrow.
=I am going to have my Tv set repaired tomorrow.
10. USED TO.
Form:
a) S+don’t / doesn’t + V_inf +…… any more.
=S+used to+V_inf+…
=S+stop+V_ing+…
=S+NO LONGER+v+….
=S+V+….+any longer.
=S+give up+V_ing+……
b) Tobe used to:
S+be accustomed to+V_ing
=S+often+V
=S+be used to+V_ing

Example: They once started these machines by hand.
=They used to star these machines by hand.
*I often get up early
=I am used to getting earlyy.
*Working a large office is a new experience for me.
=I am not used to working a large office
Form: whose+N+be+N?
(cái… của ai)
=Who+ do/does+N+belong to?
( cái….thuộc của ai?)
Example: Whose cars are these?
= Who do these cars belong to?
12. Be necessary and have to
Form: *S+don’t need to+V….
=S+don’t have to.
=S+be+not necessary/poinless.
*There is no need to
=S+needn’t …….
Example: It isn’t necessary to shout
=You don’t need to shout.
13. Would rather+clause and id only
Form: *If only + |Past subjctive.
|Past perfect subjunctive.
*S+would rather+S+subjuntive.
Example: What a pity he didn’t spend more time revising
= It only he had spent more time revising.
Một số cấu trúc khác
1. S + be + adj + prep = S + V + adv
Eg: My students are very good at Mathematics.
-> My students study Mathematics well.

2. S + remember + to do Sth = S + don’t forget + to do Sth
-> I remember to have a Maths test tomorrow
I don't forget to have a Maths test tomorrow.
3. It + be + adj = What + a + adj + N!
-> It was an interesting film.
What an interesting film.
4. S + V + adv = How + adj + S + be
-> She washes clothes quickly
How quick she is to wash clothes.
5. S + be + ing-adj = S + be +ed-adj
6. S + V = S + be + ed-adj
7. S + V + Khoảng thời gian = It + take + (sb) + Khoảng thời gian + to + V
She have learned English for 5 years.
-> It take her 5 year to learn English.
8. S + be + too + adj + (for s.o) + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + can’t + V
-> The water is too hot for Peter to drink.
The water is so hot that Peter can't drink
9. S + V + too + adv + to + V = S + V + so + adv + that + S + can’t + V
10. S + be + so + adj + that + S + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V
11. S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V
12. S + V + so + adv + that + S + V = It + V + such + (a/an) + N(s) + that + S +V
-> He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything.
He does not speak soft
13. Because + clause = Because of + noun/gerund
Because she is absent her from school
-> Because of her absence from school
14. Although + clause = In spite of + Nound/gerund
15. Although + clause = Despite + Nound/gerund
16. S + V + N = S + be + adj
17. S + be + adj = S + V + O

18. S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving /N
19. S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N
-> Nana often cried when she meets with difficulties.
Nana is used to crying when she meets with difficulties
20. This is the first time + S + have + PII = S+be + not used to + Ving/N
-> This is the first time I have seen so many people crying at the end of the movie.
I was not used to seeing so many people crying at the end of the movie.
21. S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (lối cầu khẩn)
22. S + like sth/doing sth better than sth/doing sth = S + would rather + V + than + V
= S + prefer sth/doing sth to sth/doing sth
-> I prefer going shoping to playing volleyball.
I would rather go shoping than play volleyball.
23 S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V
24 It’s one’s duty to do sth = S + be + supposed to do sth
25. S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to do sth
26. Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh)= S + should (not) + be + PII
27. Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh)= S + should (not) + do sth
28. S + like sth = S + be + fond of + sth
-> I like do collecting stamps.
I'm fond of collecting stamps.
29. I + let + O + do sth = S + allow + S.O + to do Sth
-> My boss let him be on leave for wedding.
My boss allow him to be on leave for wedding.
30. S + once + past verb = S + would to + do sth.
31. S + present verb (negative) any more = S + would to + do sth.
32. S + V + because + S + V = S + V + to + infinitive
-> She studies hard because she wants to pass the final examination.
She studies hard to pass the final examination.
33. S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V = S + V + to + infinitive
34. To infinitive or gerund + be + adj = It + be + adj + to + V

35. S + V + and + S + V = S + V + both and
36. S + V + not only + but also = S + V + both and
37. S + V + both and = S + V + not only but also
-> He translated fast and correctly.
He translated not only fast but also correctly.
38. S1+simple present+and+S2+simple futher =If+S1 + simple present + S2 + simple
futher.
39. S1+didn’t + V1 + Because + S2 + didn’t + V2 = If Clause
40. Various facts given = Mệnh đề if thể hiện điều trái ngược thực tế.
41. S1 + V1 + if + S2 + V2(phủ định)= S1 + V1 + Unless + S2 + V2 (khẳng định)
42. S + V + O = S + be + noun + when + adj clause.
43. S + V + O = S + be + noun + where + adj clause.
44. S + V + O = S + be + noun + whom + adj clause.
45. S + V + O = S + be + noun + which + adj clause.
46.S + V + O = S + be + noun + that + adj clause.
47. S + V + if + S + V (phu dinh) = S + V + unless + S + V (khang dinh)
48. S + be + scared of sth = S + be + afraid of + sth
49. Let’s + V = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive
50. In my opinion = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive
(quan điểm của tôi)
51. S + advise = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive
52. Why don’t you do sth? = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive
53. S + get + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth
-> She gets him to spend more time with her.
She have him spend more time with her.
54. S + aks + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth
-> Police asked him to identify the other man in the next room.
Police have him identify the other man in the next room.
55. S + request + sb + to do sth= S + have + sb + do sth
-> The teacher request students to learn by heart this poem.

The teacher have students laern by heart this poem.
56. S + want + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth
-> I want her to lend me
I have her lend me.
57. S + V + no + N = S + be + N-less
-> She always speaks no care.
She is always careless about her words.
58. S + be + adj + that + S + V = S + be + adj + to + V
-> Study is necessary that you will get a good life in the future.
Study is necessary to get a good life in the future.
2. Bài tập
1. Your house is bigger than mine.
My house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. He did his homework , then he went to bed.
After . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Jane doesn’t speak English as well as Peter.
Peter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. DaLat is one of a famous landscapes in Vietnam.I spent my holiday there.
I spent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. The manager asked me to come to his office
The manager said. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. He asked me where he could find her in that town.
He said . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. She asked me not to be late.
She said to me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. The train couldn’t run because of the snow.
The snow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. Nam laughed a lot when I told him the joke.
The joke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. The police continued to watch the house.

The police carried. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11. Mr. John gave an interesting speech.
Mr. John spoke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12. The sight was right in front of him but he didn’t notice it.
Although . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13. The woman was terribly upset. Her dog was run over.
The woman whose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14. Let’s go abroard for our holiday this year.
Why. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15. I fall asleep as the film was so boring.
I fall asleep because of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16. My students are very good at Mathematic.
My students study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17. This is the most modern building in this area.
No building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18. I asked the students to complete these tasks yesterday.
I had these. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19. John drives more carefully than his brother.
John’s brother doesn’t. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
420 They were such difficult questions that we couldn’t answer them.
The questions were so. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21. Lan didn’t go to the school last Monday because she was sick.
Because of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22. Wy don’t you bring your brother to the party?
I suggest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .