TIỂU LUẬN NGÔN NGỮ XÃ HỘI HỌC

SOCIOKINGUISTIC PROJECTS
Student Name: Nguyễn Thảo Linh
Student code: 7052900475
Class: Nghe An 6
TOPIC 3. Examine the differences between the Vietnamese spoken in
Hanoi and its neigboring areas and the Vietnamese spoken in the Mekong
delta. Why do you think there are such dialectal evidence?
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ABSTRACT:
Currently, the impact of the process of industrialization and
modernization has make people and society change a lot. Especially when the
situation This has a strong impact on people and society in the central areas
political, economic, cultural, urban areas. Industrialized and urban society
urbanization leads to high and rapid population concentration in urban areas.
The degree of population concentration is often proportional to the size and role
of cities for the development of the whole country. All major cities in Vietnam
are in that situation. It's the same in Hanoi, but as the capital, Hanoi's ability to
attract population is stronger than other cities, along with Mekong Delta,
becoming the top two cities in Vietnam with attractive strongest population.
I. INTRODUCTION
Up to now, the concept of Hanoi language has only been presented in the
figure below Knowledge are opinions, arguments, more or less general, not
clear, many points are not really satisfactory. However, Hanoians and Hanoians
are two concepts that always exist side by side, shape each other, are
inseparable. In daily life, when communicating, we can easily recognize it by
my native sense who is the speaker with a Hanoi accent, who is the speaker?
Saigon accent, who speaks Nghe accent…. Author Hoang Van Hanh has write
“referring to “Hanoi accent”, “Hue accent”, “Saigon accent”, “King voice”
North" and also "Son Tay voice", "Co Nhue voice" ... we are only talking about
the beauty phonetic attitude specific to each dialect region of Vietnamese".
Similarly, the concept of Hanoi language and Hanoi accent is different

especially because when it comes to Hanoi language, it is all about phonetics,
vocabulary and grammar French, but when it comes to the Hanoi accent, the
emphasis is only on the sound side – phonetic only.


According to Trinh Cam Lan, currently, there are actually three trends
differences in the concept of the Hanoi language, and accordingly the concept of
people Hanoi.
The Mekong Delta (Mekong Delta) is a land in the Southwest region Set.
This is a fertile land in terms of soil, with many favorable conditions for
economic development but at the same time is a land with many different
characteristics language - culture compared to other regions. People living in
this land are mostly Vietnamese farmers industrious, industrious. From
personalities that come from ancient roots, lived on a In a new land, the people
here promote the good character of farmers Vietnamese people, while creating
for themselves some new personalities suitable to their own conditions nature
and society. Those are the cultural features of a river and garden area. When
studying the people of the Mekong Delta, many researchers have Review:
People in the Mekong Delta have unique cultural features of the spirit of
meaning chivalrous, generous, loving people without thinking more damage.
Language is one of the factors that create the cultural value of a community
copper. A researcher has affirmed: "Culture is the thread connecting people with
people, it performs the function of communication and has the effect of linking
them together. If language is a form of communication, then culture is its
content”. Studying language to find out cultural values through identifiers and
expressions of a local is quite interesting and worthy of attention
II. STRUCTURE OF VIETNAMESE SYLLABLES
1. Overall structure
A syllable is the smallest naturally pronounced syllable. Vietnamese
syllables consists of 3 independent parts including tone, first tone and rest. Set

The third part has the main timbre of the syllable. It is the only part of the
calculation Combined with tone to create a rhyme, it is temporarily called the
rhyme part. Although However, the rhyme part is divided into 3 elements:
accompaniment, main sound and final sound. Tone has the function of
distinguishing one syllable from another in terms of vocal range. The first
syllable has the function of opening a syllable. This syllable is distinct from the
syllable with different openings. There is a way to start with a silence pharynx,
has a way of opening with air rubbing...
The accompaniment has the function of changing the timbre of the
syllable after the beginning. The timbre of the syllable after the opening is
reduced or neutralized due to the accompaniment. The main sound has the
function of determining the main timbre of the syllable, which is the particle
multiplication of syllables. The last syllable has the function of ending syllables,


with different endings or without occlusion changes the timbre of the syllable,
has the effect of distinguishing syllables this with another syllable.
2. Vietnamese syllable components
Tone is a meta-segmental phoneme. It is expressed in full sound syllable,
or rather, the entire vocal part of the syllable including the initial,
accompaniment, main and final tones. Vietnamese has six tones, except for
unsigned ones and five other bars, each bearing the name of that register. The
existence of six tones will be verified taking into account the phonological
oppositions that have been identified established in Vietnamese, that is,
considering the distinctive features of tone
Is the variation of the fundamental frequency during the pronunciation of
a syllable. This variation is called the tone contour. Based on tonal lines
Vietnamese tones can be divided into two groups: equals and trigrams. Group
Equal bars include unsigned bars (bar 1) and hypotenuse (bar 2). Special The
common characteristic of this group is that they have a flat or slightly muted

tone down. The inspection group includes fall bars (bar 3), question bars (bar 4),
sharp bar (bar 5) and heavy bar (bar 6). General characteristics of this group that
they have complex tonal contours, wide range of variation.
The pitch is the average pitch of the tone during pronunciation details.
Vietnamese tonality belongs to two vocal regions: the high range consists of
bars 1, 3, 5; low vocals include bars 2, 4, and 6.
III. PHONETIC STUDY
1. About tone:
The tonal system in the original Hanoi language is complete. Those six
bars are horizontal bar, hypotenuse bar, fall bar, question bar, tone bar and
heavy sound as in the Vietnamese tonal system of the whole people. These bars
distinguished from each other according to two basic criteria: contours and
pitches. Bar system 93. The tone is described both on auditory perception and
through real analysis results. Experiments have shown that this is the tone
system that most fully expresses the characteristics distinction of Vietnamese
tones. It is one of the basic building blocks so the gentle resonance for the voice
of Hanoi people.
2. About the first sound:
The topic has conducted to describe the first consonant system in Ha Noi.
Intrinsic both in terms of auditory perception and acoustical characteristics on
the analysis results experimental accumulation. This is a system with only 19
phonemes, losing the first consonant sequence crooked tongue. Because in the
first consonant system, the tongue sound /ʈ/ is used by the Hanoi ans the
pronunciation root inched deeper, almost a lingual sound before /c/. What about


the tongue-twisting consonants /ş/ and curving/or tongue-twisting /ʐ/ are played
by the original Hanoians sounds into a sound with the same pronunciation
position as /s/ and /z/ but the consonant stroke is twisted/vibrating. The tongue is
also completely gone. Differences in phonetic qualities in some. This consonant

leads to a difference in the number of consonants in the system. Therefore, the
first consonant system in the original Hanoi language has only 19 consonants.
3. About accompaniment:
In the thesis, we accept the view of accompaniment is an independent
component, is one of the 5 components that make up a syllable. Is the sound has
the function of modifying the timbre of the syllable, denoted by /-w-/. Results
for see that the accompaniment /-w-/ original Hanoian fully shows the phonetic
features of Vietnamese accompaniment.
4. About the main sound:
The main sound system in the original Hanoi language includes 16
phoneme in which there are 13 single vowels and 3 diphthongs. Variables
changes in some other dialects such as the phenomenon of pronunciation of
vowels color change; the phenomenon that the main sound [ɯ] in the rhyme
pattern [ɯj] changes into double vowel [ɯɤ] with rhyme pattern [ɯɤj] in
combinations such as swearing - cursing, (frame) weaving – (frame) riding…
very popular in the old Ha Tay areas such as Son Tay, Thach That, Ba Vi ... also
don't appear in Ha language at all Original interior. In general, the main sound
system in the original Hanoi language also shows full phonetic features of the
Vietnamese main sound system for the entire population. Generation This
system has many differences from itself in other dialect regions.
5. About the last sound:
The last consonant system in the original Hanoi language includes 8
phonemes (not counting zeros), opposing each other on modal criteria sound
structure and position. In the original Hanoi, the last sounds /-n,-t/ can be appear
clearly, but there is no phenomenon of turning into /-ŋ, -k/ as in South Central
and Central Region. Another point to pay attention to is the process surprise has
completely occurred in rhymes [i ɲ, e ɲ, ε ɲ, i c, e c, ε c]. In the Mekong Delta,
this amazing process has not happened yet but those rhymes still use the ending
syllables [n, t]. In general, the final sound system in Hanoi in particular and
Northern dialects in general are qualitatively different from this very system in

the Mekong Delta dialect.
Particularly in the Southern region, the history of this land has formed a
land of the Kinh, Khmer, Hoa, Cham, etc. The long-term coexistence between
these ethnic groups has led to an inevitable consequence of the contact between
languages, including the contact between Vietnamese and Khmer. The contact
between two languages manifests in all aspects of the language such as


phonetics. vocabulary, grammar, pragmatics... And this process has led to its
consequences, including the phenomenon of borrowing. In fact, a series of
Vietnamese words have entered the lexicon of the Khmer language, and the
Vietnamese lexicon in the Mekong Delta also contains a class of words derived
from the Khmer language.
IV. CONCLUSION
Regarding the concept of original Hanoian and original Hanoian, need
must be determined on both diachronic and synchronous aspects for relative
positioning. The residence space of the original Hanoians, the owner of the
original Hanoi language. Administrative boundaries of Hanoi through historical
periods: administrative areas Hanoi has undergone many changes associated
with the ups and downs of history but the central area still retains internal
stability, that is the area located between three rivers (Red River, Kim Nguu
River and To Lich River) whose nucleus we are used to calling 36 streets of
Hanoi. This is the settlement of the descendants of the indigenous people and
also the immigrants inhabited many generations ago to become the owner of
Hanoi” and is a Hanoian. The original owner speaks the original Hanoi
language.
The Mekong Delta, also known as the Southwest region, is an area
consisting of 12 provinces and one city with an area of nearly 40,000 square
kilometers (11% of the country's area). The development history is marked by
the inhabitants of Dong Nai culture (2500 to 4000 years ago), through the

kingdom of Funan, the kingdom was divided into Luc Chan Lap and Thuy Chan
Lap. From the 8th to 13th centuries, Thuy Chan Lap was an unspoiled area, and
then sporadically welcomed Khmer and Vietnamese populations. From the 17th
century, Chinese and Vietnamese residents settled massively and by the 18th
century, together with Nguyen Huu Canh, the Nguyen Dynasty controlled the
entire Mekong Delta region today. Therefore, the Vietnamese language in the
Mekong Delta is mixed with the Khmer language, thus forming its own identity.
In the Vietnamese people, the interference is mainly modal and metalinguistic, used locally and personally, the influence is mainly on the phonetic
level. In the Khmer, the study of phonetics, especially the study of the first
consonant, documents the appearance of some interference changes in the
consonant combination /tr/ or the formation of a low pitch in some syllables. At
the intersection between Khmer and Vietnam