LUẬN VĂN VIỄN THÔNG XỬ LÝ TÍN HIỆU DSC ĐÀI THÔNG TIN DUYÊN HẢI HẢI PHÒNG

7UÌQJLKÆFKQJKLYL¸WQDP
.KRDL¸QL¸QWØWXELµQ

%PuQxLQW¬YLQWKuQJ







/XQYQWÊWQJKL¸S






7rQvWwL



;¬O³WQKLXGVFWURQJxyLWKuQJWLQ
GX\tQKzLKzLSKQJ











6LQKYLzQWK¼FKLQ1JX\Q7K£0DL+RD
/±Sw79w+
*9K}±QJGQ.V1JX\Q&{QJ&KLQ


0ÖFOÖF
3KQ,
.K|LTX|WFKXQJ
&
KonQJ
.K|LTX|WKWKQJ*0'66

,

/FKV¤KQKWKqQKYqSKtWWULQ 
,,

&~XWU¡FFD*0'66  
&KonQJ
.K|LTX|WYKWKQJ*0'66WURQJxyL
7KuQJWLQ'X\tQKzL+zL3KQJ77'++zL3KQJ
,.KtLTXtWFKXQJYpqL77'++rL3KQJ 
,,&tFWKLWE*0'66WURQJpqL77'++rL3KQJ 


7KLWE£'6&  


7KLWE£1%'3  



7KLWE£WK{QJWLQWKRL 



7KLWE£P\WKX06,

,,,

&tFORuLKQKWKmQJWLQFD*0'66WURQJpqL77'++rL3KQJ

3KQ,,
;¬O³WQKLX'6&WURQJxyL77'++zL3KQJ

&KonQJ
/³WKX\WY'6&
,*LLWKLXFKXQJY'6&  

,,&tFpzFWQKNªWKXWFD'6& 
,,,&~XWU¡FWUoQJWURQJpQKGuQJFXFJL'6& 
&KonQJ
;¬O³NKDLWK|FWQKLX'6&WURQJxyL77'+
+zL3KQJ
,
.KtLTXtWWKW¢FNKDLWKtFWKLWE'6& 
,,%rQJW{QVF~SF¦XNK|QF~SYqDQWRqQFD'6& 

,,,;¤O«NKDLWKtFWQKLX'6& 

&KonQJ
;¬O³N²WKXWWQKLX'6&WURQJxyL77'+
+zL3KQJ
,ioQJWQKLX'6&WURQJKWKQJ 

,,0sKRtWQKLX'6& 


3K}|QJSKSPÅKR'6& 
&|FKSKWKLQVDLO«L 
,,,

iLXFK*LrLpLXFKWQKLX'6& 
wLXFKW¢QKLX'6& 
*LL~LXFKW¢QKLX'6& 
,9

3KkQWFKFtFWKLWEpzFWUoQJY[¤O«WQKLX'6&WURQJK
WKQJWKLWEFDpqL77'++rL3KQJ  
7KLWE£~LXFK'6&GL0)+) 
7KLWE£JLL~LXFK'6&GL0)+) 

7KLWE£~LXFKJLL~LXFK'6&GL9+) 
3KQ,,,
.WOXQ




/đLP~X

1J\QD\QJQKJLDRWK{QJYQWLWUzQWKJLLQĐLFKXQJY9LW1DP
QĐLULzQJ~DQJWUzQ~SKWWULQPQK&QJYLVẳSKWWULQQ\WK\zXFXYYQ
~DQWRQVLQKPQJQJ}đL~LELQDQWRQFKRWXYKQJKRFQJ~}FTXDQ
WyPK|QwQyQJFDRYQ~DQWRQVLQKPQJFàQJQK}WLVQWUzQELQQJ\
QD\FFWXELQ~Y~DQJ~}FWUDQJEÊFFWKLWEÊWK{QJWLQKLQ~LSGãQJ
F{QJQJKWLzQWLQWKD\WKGQKWKơQJFàOFKX&àQJWá~ĐPKWKơQJWK{QJ
WLQFSFằXYDQWRQKQJKLWRQFX*0'66~UD~đLG}LVẳSKzGX\WFDWê
FKằFKQJKLWKJLL,02
wL 7K{QJ WLQ 'X\zQ KL +L3KÔQJ O PWPW [ÂFK TXDQ WUăQJ WURQJ K
WKơQJ~L7K{QJWLQ'X\zQKL9LW1DPYOPWWKQKYLzQFDKWKơQJWK{QJ
WLQ FSFằX Y DQ WRQ KQJ KLWRQ FX*0'66wL7K{QJ WLQ'X\zQKL +L
3KÔQJ+L3KÔQJ5D~LR~JĐSPWSKQUWOQWURQJYQ~ERYDQWRQVLQK
PQJFàQJQK}WLVQWUzQELQ~SằQJ~}F~\~FF\zXFXPWêFKằFKQJ
KLWKJLL,02~UD+L3KÔQJ5D~LRYLFFWUDQJWKLWEÊWK{QJWLQKLQ~L
F{QJQJKNWKXWWLzQWLQQKWQK}FFWKLWEÊWK{QJWLQYWLQKWKLWEÊJăLFKăQ
Vơ'6&1%'37HOH[YLSKPYLEDRSKWRQFXYWÂQKQxQJKRW~QJWUzQPăL
GLWQY{WX\Q
wKLXPWSKQQRYF{QJYLFP~L7K{QJWLQ'X\zQKL+L3KÔQJ
~PQKQFãWKOYLF[ạOFFWÂQKLXWU}FNKLSKW[XơQJWXFàQJQK}NKL
WKXWáWÂQKLXWáWXY~LHP~WKẳFKLQ~WL
9L'6&OWKLWEÊJăLFKăQVơ~ĐQJYDLWUÔTXDQWUăQJWURQJWK{QJWLQFS
FằXYDQWRQKQJKLWRQFX~}FVạGãQJ~SKW ER~QJ FSFằXWáWX
FàQJQK}SKW[FQKQ~LQFSFằXWáEđQJRLUDWKLWEÊQ\FÔQ~}FFWXY
EđGQJ~JăLYEWWD\OLzQOFWURQJWK{QJWLQWK{QJWK}đQJ
wWLJâPSKQFKÂQKVDX
-

3KQ,.KLTXWFKXQJ
-

3KQ,,;ạOWÂQKLX'6&WURQJ~L7K{QJWLQ'X\zQKL+L3KÔQJ
-

3KQ,,,.WOXQ
(P[LQFKyQWKQKFP|Q$QK1JX\Q&{QJ&KLQFFWK\F{WURQJNKRD
wLQ wLQ Wạ WX ELQ Y FF F{ FKả DQK FKÊ ~DQJ OP YLF WL ~L 7K{QJ WLQ
'X\zQKL+L3KÔQJ~FXQJFSWLOLXWQWQKK}QJGQYJLảS~HPWURQJ
TXWUQKWKẳFWSYKRQWKQK~WLWơWQJKLSQ\7X\QKLzQGRVẳKQFKY
VẳKLXELWYNLQWKằFWKẳFWQzQ~WLFDHPNK{QJWUQKNKƠLQKQJWKLXVĐW
(P[LQ~}FVẳFKERY~ĐQJJĐSNLQFDFFWK\YFFEQ
(P[LQFKyQWKQKFP|Q





QJq\WKtQJQjP

6LQKYLrQWKFKLQ


3KâQ,
.KLTXWFKXQJ
&KQJ
.KLTXWKáWKấQJ*0'66
,/FKVKQKWK~QKY~SKWWULQ
1xPWêFKằF+QJKLTXơFW,17(51$7,21$/0$5,7,0(

25*$1,=$7,21,02~WêFKằFKLQJKÊYYQ~WPNLPYFằXQQWUzQ
ELQKLQJKÊQ\~WK{QJTXDF{QJ}FYWPNLPYFằXQQWUzQELQ6$5
9LPãFWLzXOWKQKOSPWNKRFKWRQFXFKRF{QJWFWPNLPY
FằXQQWUzQELQKLQJKÊFàQJ~\zXFX,02SKWWULQPWKWKơQJFằXQQY
DQWRQKQJKLWRQFXYLQKQJTX\~ÊQKEWEXFYWK{QJWLQOLzQOF~JLảS
FKRF{QJWFWPNLPYFằXQQ~WKLXTXFDRQKW
wQQxPWKKWKơQJDQWRQYFằXQQKQJKLWRQFX~~}F
WK{QJTXDJăLWWO*0'66*/2%$/0$5,7,0(',675(66$1'6$)$7<
6<67(0~~}FFFQ}FWKQKYLzQ,02WK{QJTXDG}LGQJVạD~êLYEê
[XQJF{QJ}FDQWRQVLQKPQJWUzQELQ62/$6YR76ẳUD~đL*0'66O
PWQôOẳFOQODRFD,02WURQJYLFWKẳFKLQPãFWLzXKRQWKLQKWKơQJWK{QJ
WLQSKãFYãPãF~ÂFKDQWRQYFằXQQKQJKLWRQFXYLVẳằQJGãQJFF
F{QJQJKWK{QJWLQKLQ~LYF{QJQJKWK{QJWLQYWLQK
*0'66OKWKơQJWK{QJWLQPLSKãFYãFKRPãF~ÂFKDQWRQYFằXQQ
KQJ KL WRQ FX ~}F Wê FKằF KQJ KL TXơF W ,02 ~ [}QJ Y SKW WULQ
*0'66FQJYLVẳWKDPJLDFDFFTXơFJLDWKQKYLzQFÔQFĐVẳSKơLKSFD
QKLXWêFKằFTXơFWNKFQK}
-

/LzQPLQKYLQWK{QJTXơFW,78
-

7êFKằFWK{QJWLQYWLQKGL~QJ4XơFW,10$56$7
-

+WKơQJYWLQKKôWUWPNLPFằXQQ&263$66$56$7
-

7êFKằFNKÂW}QJWKJLL:02
wFWU}QJFDKWKơQJOPDQJWÂQKWRQFXYWÂQKWêKS

wF~LPFKÂQKFDWêFKằFQK}VDX
3KyQFKLDYQJWK{QJWLQWKHRFẳO\KRW~QJFDWXWá~Đ[F~ÊQKFF
ORLWKLWEÊV~}FOS~WWUzQWXFQJYLWQVơYSK}|QJWKằFWK{QJWLQWKÂFK
KS
.K{QJ Vạ GãQJ FF WQ Vơ FS FằX .+] EQJ 97w ER Y WQ Vơ
.+]EQJY{WX\Q~LQWKRL~ER~QJYJăLFSFằXPGQJNWKXW
JăLFKăQVơ'6& ',*,7$/6(/(&7,9(&$//,1*YLQKQJWQ VơWKÂFKKS
JLQKULzQJFKRER~QJYJăLFSFằX
1KQJWK{QJWLQFẳO\[DV~}F~PERWK{QJTXDWKLWEÊWK{QJWLQY
WLQKYFFWKLWEÊKRW~QJWUzQGLVĐQJQJQ+)
9LFWUẳFFDQKFSFằXYWKXQKQFFWK{QJERDQWRQKQJKL1:
YGẳERWKđLWLW:;EQJSK}|QJWKằFWẳ~QJ
6ạGãQJNWKXWJăLFKăQVơ'6&LQFKWUẳFWLSExQJKS1%'3YY{
WX\Q~LQWKRLWURQJWK{QJWLQOLzQOFEƠNK{QJGQJY{WX\Q~LQER0256(
7URQJ ~Đ '6& O PW SKQ F{QJ QJKTXDQ WUăQJ WURQJ KWKơQJ *0'66
WUzQFFGLVĐQJ0)+)Y9+)'6&7KLWEÊ'6&~}FVạGãQJ~SKWER
~QJFSFằXWáWXFàQJQK}SKWQKQ~LQFSFằXWáEđQJRLUDWKLWEÊQ\
FàQJFÔQ~}FFWXY EđGQJ~JăLYEWWD\OLzQ OFWURQJWK{QJWLQWK{QJ
WK}đQJ
7êFKằF,02~~}DUDFKằFQxQJWK{QJWLQFKÂQKFQ~}FWKẳFKLQEL
WWFFFWX6RQJVRQJYLYLFQ\O\zXFXYWUDQJWKLWEÊY{WX\Q
FQWKLW~WKẳFKLQFFFKằFQxQJ~ĐWURQJQKQJYQJELQPWX
~DQJKRW~QJ1ĐLFFKNKFEWNKRW~QJYQJELQQRPôLPW
WXSKL~}FWUDQJEÊWKLWEÊY{WX\QFĐNKQxQJWKẳFKLQFKằFQxQJ
WK{QJWLQ[X\zQVXơWFXFKQKWUQKFDPQK



FKơFQpQJvOw
-

3KWYWKXER~QJFSFằXWKHRFKLXWáWX~QEđ
3KWYWKXER~QJFSFằXWKHRFKLXWáEđ~QWX
3KWYWKXER~QJFSFằXWKHRFKLXWáWX~QWX
3KWYWKXFFWK{QJWLQSKơLKSWPNLPYFằXQQ
3KWYWKXFFWK{QJWLQKLQWU}đQJ
3KWYWKXFFWÂQKLX~ÊQKYÊ
3KWYWKXFFWK{QJWLQDQWRQKQJKL
3KWYWKXFFWK{QJWLQWK{QJWK}đQJ
7K{QJWLQEXâQJOL

,,&~XWUĂFFD*0'66
&XWUảFFD*0'66JâPFĐKWKơQJWK{QJWLQFKÂQKO
+WKơQJWK{QJWLQYWLQK
+WKơQJWK{QJWLQPW~W


+WKQJWKmQJWLQYWLQK
+WKơQJWK{QJWLQYWLQKOPW~FWU}QJTXDQWUăQJWURQJKWKơQJ*0'66
+WKơQJWK{QJWLQYWLQKWURQJKWKơQJ*0'66JâPFĐ
7K{QJWLQTXDKWKơQJYWLQK,10$56$7
7K{QJWLQTXDKWKơQJYWLQK&263$66$56$7
+WKơQJYWLQK,10$56$7YLFFYWLQK~ÊDWĂQKKRW~QJWUzQGL
WQ

*+]ExQJ/FXQJFSFKRFFWXFĐOS~WWUP~LWXYWLQK
SK}|QJWLQER~QJFằXQQYNKQxQJWK{QJWLQFKLXEQJFFSK}|QJWKằF
WKRLYSK}|QJWKằF7HOH[+WKơQJ6DIHW\1(7~}FVạGãQJQK}PWSK}|QJ
WLQFKÂQK~SKWWK{QJERFFWK{QJWLQDQWRQKQJKLFKRFFYQJNK{QJ
~}FSKVĐQJGÊFKYã1$97(;

+WKơQJ&263$66$56$7OPWKWKơQJYWLQKTX~RFẳFYLFF
(3,5%KRW~QJWUzQWQVơ0+]OPWWURQJQKQJSK}|QJWLQFKÂQK~ER
~QJ FằXQQFKRSKS[F ~ÊQKQKQGQJY YÊWUÂWX KRFQJ}đLEÊ QQWURQJ
*0'66
+WKQJWKmQJWLQPzWp~W
+WKơQJWK{QJWLQPW~WVạGãQJ'6&OF{QJQJKF|EQ~WK{QJWLQDQ
WRQYFằXQQ1KQJWK{QJWLQDQWRQYFằXQQWLSVDXFXFJăL'6&FĐWK
WKẳFKLQEQJSK}|QJWKằF1%'37HOH[WKRL
7URQJKWKơQJWK{QJWLQPW~WEDRJâPFFWKLWEÊFKÂQKVDX
D7KLWEJLFKQV'6&
&FWKLWEÊJăLFKăQVơ'6&OPWSKQF{QJQJKTXDQWUăQJFDKWKơQJ
*0'66WUzQFFGLVĐQJ+)0)Y9+)'6&&FWKLWEÊQ\~}FVạGãQJ~
SKWER~QJFSFằXWáWXFàQJQK}SKW[FQKQ~LQFSFằXWáEđ7KLWEÊ
Q\~}FFWXYEđGQJ~SKWFKX\QWLSFFEằF~LQER~QJFSFằXKRF
SKWFFFXFJăLNKQFSYDQWRQ1JRLUDFFWKLWEÊ'6&FàQJFÔQ~}FF
WXYEđGQJ~JăLYEWOLzQOFWURQJWK{QJWLQWK{QJWK}đQJ9LFWKạQJKLP
KWKơQJ'6&V~}FSKơLKSWLQKQKVXơWQKQJQxPWáELWê
FKằF&&,5WUzQWWFFFGLVĐQJ0)+)Y9+)WUzQ'6&
&FWKLWEÊ'6&FĐWKOFFWKLWEÊ~FOSKRF~}FNWKSYLFFWKLW
EÊWKRLWUzQFFExQJWQ0)+)Y9+)
7KWãFNKDLWKFFFWKLWEÊ'6&~~}FWKơQJQKWYTX\~ÊQKUƯWURQJ
FFNKX\QQJKÊFDWêFKằFOLzQPLQK9LQWK{QJTXơFW,787KQKSKQF|
EQFDPWEằF~LQ'6&EDRJâPQKQGQJFDWUPKRFQKĐPWUP~ÂFKWẳ
QKQGQJWUPSKWYQLGXQJEằF~LQEDRJâPQKQJWK{QJWLQQJQJăQF|
EQQKW~FKUDPãF~ÂFKFXFJăL
E7KLWEWKsQJWLQWKR{L
&F WKLW EÊ WK{QJ WLQWKRL WURQJ K WKơQJ *0'66 OP YLF WUzQ FFGL
VĐQJ0)+)Y9+)FFFK~-(+(FKRWQVơFSFằX.+]Y*(
&FWKLWEÊWK{QJWLQWKRLQ\FàQJ~}FGQJ~JăLFSFằXNKQFSYDQWRQ
YQĐOFFWKLWEÊWK{QJWLQFKÂQKSKãFYãFKRWK{QJWLQKLQWU}đQJJLDPWWX

EÊQQYLFF~|QYÊOPQKLPYãFằXQQ7UzQPôLGLWQOPYLFFDFFWKLW
EÊWK{QJWLQWKRL~XFĐÂWQKWPWWQVơFSFằXTXơFWGQKFKRFFWK{QJWLQ
FSFằXwâQJWKđLFFWKLWEÊQ\V~SằQJFFGÊFKYãWK{QJWLQF{QJFQJNKF
WURQJQJKLSYãWK{QJWLQO}X~QJKQJKL
c. Thiết bị NBDP:
&FWKLWEÊ1%'3WKLWEÊWUX\QFKWUẳFWLSExQJKSOPWESKQFX
WKQKWURQJKWKơQJ*0'66~KôWUWURQJWK{QJWLQFSFằXNKQFSYDQWRQ
QJRLUDFFWKLWEÊ1%'3QKP~SằQJFFGÊFKYãWK{QJWLQWUzQFFGLVĐQJ
97wPW~WWXYLEđYQJ}FOL
&FWKLWEÊ1%'3KRW~QJWUzQFFGLVĐQJ0)Y+)FFFK~$54
GQJ~WUDR~êLWK{QJWLQFĐWÂQKFKWWK{QJERWLQKLX~L7UzQPôLGLVĐQJ
97wKQJKL~X~}FWKLWNPWWQVơJLQKULzQJFKRFSFằXNKQFSYDQ
WRQEQJFFWKLWEÊ1%'3

&KQJ
.KLTXWYKáWKấQJ*0'66WURQJL
WKQJWLQGX\QKL+L3KQJWWGKKLSKQJ
,.KtLTXtWFKXQJYpqL77'++rL3KQJ+rL3KQJ5DGLR

+L3KÔQJ5DGLROPWwL7K{QJWLQ'X\zQKLWKXFFFwL7K{QJWLQ
'X\zQKL9LW1DPGR&{QJW\7K{QJWLQwLQWạ+QJKL9LW1DP9,6+,3(/
TXQOYNKDLWKF7áQxP+L3KÔQJ5DGLRQyQJFSWUWKQKwL7K{QJ
WLQ'X\zQKL4XơFWORL, GX\QKW NKXYẳFSKÂD %F 9LFF WUDQJWKLWEÊ
WK{QJWLQF{QJQJKNWKXWWLzQWLQQKW+L3KÔQJ5DGLROQ|LTXDQWUăQJY
~QJWLQF\FKRWWFFFWXKRW~QJWUzQELQWáFF~LWXYLQG}|QJFKR
~QFFWXFFFWXGXOÊFKYFFSK}|QJWLQWKXắNKF
&KằFQxQJFKÂQKFD+L3KÔQJ5DGLROFXQJFSFFGÊFKYãWK{QJWLQOLzQ
OFKQJKLJLDWXYLWXWXYLEđYEđYLWX+L3KÔQJ5DGLROPWWKQK
YLzQFDKWKơQJDQWRQYFằXQQKQJKLWRQFX*0'66
&QJYLKWKơQJDQWRQYFằXQQWRQFX*0'66FDWêFKằF,02

+L 3KÔQJ5DGLRWKẳF KLQYDL WUÔ TXDQWUăQJ OPFXQơL FKRWK{QJ WLQOLzQ OF
SKãFYãPãF~ÂFKDQWRQYFFKRW~QJWPNLPFằXQQ+L3KÔQJ5DGLRKRW
~QJWUzQFFGLWQVơ0)+)Y9+)YLFKWO}QJWK{QJWLQFDR~WLQF\
KRQKRFFGÊFKYãFĐKLXTXSKKSYLFFTX\~ÊQKTXơFWWURQJWK{QJWLQ
KQJKL
+L3KÔQJ5DGLR~}FQyQJFSWUWKQK~LORL,FXKQKJâPSKQ
7UXQJ WyP ~LX NKLQ
23&
~WWLVơ1JX\Q7K}QJ+LQFKằF
QxQJ.KDLWKFY~LXNKLQWRQEKRW~QJFDKWKơQJ
wLSKW
7;
~WWL[w{QJ+L$Q+L+L3KÔQJFKằFQxQJFD
~LSKWOSKW~LFFEằF~LQWKHRK}QJEđ

WX
wLWKX
5;
~WWLFy\Vơw}đQJ[+L7KQKWKÊ[wâ6|Q
+L3KÔQJFKằFQxQJFD~LWKXOWKXFFEằF~LQWKHRK}QJWX

Eđ
wK WKơQJKRW~QJ~WKLX TXQJ}đLWDFKROS~WPWWUPFKX\Q
WLSWUPOSWLQJW}WKQK~LwLSKWY~LWKX~}FQơLYLWUXQJWyP~LX
NKLQWK{QJTXDK WKơQJ~}đQJWUX\Q9,%$+WKơQJQ\KRW~QJ GLWQ
*+]WơF~O.ELWVGXQJO}QJONzQK
7UXQJWkPpLXNKLQ
7UXQJWyP~LXNKLQ77w.~ĐQJYDLWUÔTXDQWUăQJWURQJwL7K{QJWLQ
'X\zQKL+L3KÔQJQK}NKDLWKFWK{QJWLQ~LXNKLQYQKQKKRW
~QJKWKơQJF~LSKWOQ~LWKX77w.OPWPQJFFWKLWEÊ

WK{QJWLQOLzQOFY{WX\QKLQ~LwĐOFFP\WÂQK~}FWUDQJEÊFF
SKQPPFKX\zQGãQJ~}FQơLPQJYLQKDXFFWKLWEÊ~LXFKJLL
~LXFKFFWKLWEÊ~LXNKLQFKX\QPFK
77w.FĐWêQJOP\WÂQK~}FQơLPQJYLQKDXWK{QJTXDPQJ/$1
WUáP\WÂQKSKãFYãFKRYLFWUX\QGOLXNK{QJ~}FQơLPQJ7URQJ~ĐJâP
+DLP\WÂQK~ĐQJYDLWUÔP\FKWURQJKWKơQJPQJ0$67(5Y
6/$9(FKằFQxQJOJLPVWWRQEKRW~QJFDPQJ9FFP\WÂQKGQJ
FKRYLFNKDLWKFWK{QJWLQWKRLWK}|QJPLFFGL0)+)9+)&FP\WÂQK
SKãFYãPãF~ÂFKDQWRQYFằXQQKQJKLKRW~QJGL0)+)9+)YLFF
SK}|QJWKằFWK{QJWLQ'6&1%'3739P\WÂQKSKãFYãFKRYLFWUX\QGOLX
P\WÂQK~ĐQJYDLWUÔOWKLWEÊ~XFXơLFKRP\WKX1$97(;
0ôLP\WÂQKJQYLPWYÊWUÂNKDLWKFYLzQ7LYÊWUÂNKDLWKFYLzQQ\
P\WÂQK~}F NWQơLYLPWE +($'6(7 7(50,1$/ WK{QJTXD FêQJ&20
WKHR WLzX FKXQ56 +($'6(7 7(50,1$/ FÔQ FĐ PW JLDR ~LQWKHRWLzX
FKXQ56GQJ~NWQơL&RPPRQ%86PWFêQJYRUDFKRWÂQKLXPW
FêQJYR)2276:GQJ~WRUDWÂQKLX377PWFêQJYRUDFKR0,&YWDL
QJKH1JRLUDQĐFÔQPWFêQJGQJFKR~LQWÂQ
&FOQK~LXNKLQWáP\WÂQKWL+($'6(77(50,1$/V~}FUD
~}đQJGy\&RPPRQ%86WK{QJTXDJLDR~LQ56QKP~LXNKLQ
FFNKơLFKằFQxQJWURQJKWKơQJwơLYLSK}|QJWKằFWK{QJWLQ13'3
Y'6&FFEằF~LQWRUDP\WÂQKV~}FO\UDFêQJUDYUâL~}F
~}DWLNKơL[ạOWÂQKLX~ơLYLSK}|QJWKằFWK{QJWLQWKRLWÂQKLX0,&
~}F~}DYR+($'6(77(50,1$/WÂQKLXUDV~}F~}DWLNKơL
$8',20$75,;
.KL$8',20$75,;
&FWÂQKLXWáFFP\WÂQK~}F~}DWLNKơLQ\.KơLQ\OPQKLPYã
FKX\Q~êLWÂQKLXW}|QJWẳVDQJWÂQKLXVơQKđFF0RGXO3&0O&0+Y
&0+1JRLUDNKơL$8',20$75,;FÔQOPQKLPYãFKX\QPFKWK{QJ
TXDWêQJ~L14/~y\OWêQJ~LVơFKRSKSWKẳFKLQFKX\QPFKFKRWơL
~DONzQK

7ÂQKLXYRNKơL$8',20$75,;OWÂQKLXW}|QJWẳFFWÂQKLXQ\V
~}FVơKR~~}DYRWU}đQJFKX\QPFKFDWêQJ~LYWêQJ~LOWêQJ~LVơ
VDXNKL~LTXDWêQJ~LWÂQKLXOLG}FFKX\Q~êLWKQKWÂQKLXW}|QJWẳQKđFF
E&0+Y&0+WU}FNKL~LTXDNKƠLNKơL$8',20$75,;7á~y\
QXOWÂQKLXWKRLWK}|QJPLWKV~}F~}DWUẳFWLSVDQJNKơL02'(00$,1
)5$0(FÔQFFWÂQKLXNKFV~}F~}DVDQJNKơL*0'665$&.
.KL*0'665$&.
.KơLQ\OPQKLPYã[ạO~LXFKJLDRWLSWÂQKLXWK{QJTXDFF
0RGXOFKằFQxQJVDX
-

0RGXO'6&02'GQJ~~LXFKWÂQKLX'6&GL0)+)&FEằF~LQ
'6&G}LGQJP QKÊSKyQV~}F ~}DWL0RGXO Q\ ~~}F ~LXFKYL
VĐQJPDQJSKãO+]NLX~LXFKONKRGÊFKWQ)6.YLNKRQJGÊFK
WQO

+]WơF~~LXFKO%DXGV
-

0RGXO'6&'(0FĐFKằFQxQJJLL~LXFKWÂQKLX'6&7ÂQKLX'6&G}L
GQJWÂQKLXGÊFKWQWáP\WKX~}D~QV~}F0RGXOQ\JLL~LXFKWKQK
WÂQKLXQKÊSKyQUâLVDX~Đ~}DWLP\WÂQK
-

0RGXO9+)0RGHP~y\OPRGXOGQJ~~LXFKYJLL~LXFKWÂQKLX
'6&GL9+)1KLPYãYFKằFQxQJFDQĐJLơQJQK}0RGXO'6&'(0
Y'6&02'QĐFKNKFPWVơWKDPVơNWKXWQK}~GÊFKWQO+]
WQVơVĐQJPDQJSKã+]VGÊFKOzQ+]YGÊFK[XơQJ+]WơF
~~LXFKOEDXGV
-

0RGXO)602'(00RGHPQ\OPQKLPYã~LXFKYJLL~LXFKWÂQ
KLX ~LQ ER WUX\Q FK 1Đ FàQJ FĐ FF FK ~ OP YLF W}|QJ Wẳ YL FF
SK}|QJWKằFWK{QJWLQ
7URQJSK}|QJWKằFQ\WÂQKLX1%'3WÂQKLXGÊFKWQWKX~}FWáP\
WKXV~}FJLL~LXFKEL0RGXO)602'(0WKQKWÂQKLXGQJQKÊSKyQVDX
~Đ~}DWLP\WÂQK.KLSKWFFEằF~LQ1%'3G}LGQJPQKÊSKyQ~}F~}D
WLPRGXO)602'(0~LXFKWKQKWÂQKLXGÊFKWQ~~}D[XơQJP\SKW
-

0RGXO 7(/(3+21( ,) 7HOHSKRQH ,QWHUIDFH / PW 0RGXO [ạ O WÂQ KLX
WKRLFĐFKằFQxQJWULWWLQJâQTXD\VơWKXzEDRSKWKLQNKLFXFJăLFKP
GằW .KơL Q\ ~}F ~LX NKLQ EL K WKơQJ P\ WÂQK WK{QJ TXD &20021
%86
-

0RGXO5$',2,)5DGLR,QWHUIDFH0RGXOQ\FĐPWPFKWULWWLQJGLY
PWPFK92;9RLFHRI2SHUDWLRQ


0RGXOQ\FĐPWPFKWULWWLQJGLFĐFKằFQxQJORLEƠWLQJUÂXUÂW
FKRSKSWK{QJWLQOLzQOF~}FWKẳFKLQEQKWK}đQJ


0FK92;VWRUDWÂQKLX377NKLFĐWÂQKLXyPWQ~~}D[XơQJ
NÂFKKRWP\SKWWURQJPWFXFJăLWKRLJLDWKXzEDREđYWXNKLWKXz
EDREđQĐLFQSKLFĐPWPFKWRUDWÂQKLX377~~}D[XơQJP\SKW
92;VWKẳFKLQFKằFQxQJQ\
-

0RGXO%86,QWHUIDFH/PWNKơLPUQJ~}đQJGy\%XVYLFNWQơLFDQĐ
~F OS YL %XV &RPPRQ 1Đ FĐ WF GãQJOăFEƠ QKQJ OQK QKQJ WÂQ KLX
NK{QJ FQ WKLW WURQJ VXơW WKđL JLDQ WUDR ~êL ~ WUQK Vẳ WF QJKQ WUzQ %XV
&RPPRQ
-

0RGXO&38,QWHUIDFH/PWPRGXOOPQKLPYãJLDRWLSYLP\WÂQKQĐFĐ
FKằFQxQJFKX\Q~êLWÂQKLXFDP\WÂQKVDRFKRW}|QJWKÂFKYLWÂQKLXFD
FFNKơLFKằFQxQJ
iqLSKtWimQJ+rL$Q+rL+rL3KQJ
wLSKW~}FNWQơLYLWUXQJWyP~LXNKLQWK{QJTXDWK{QJWLQOLzQ~L
VạGãQJWKLWEÊ~}đQJWUX\Q9,%$WUzQGL*+]~y\EDRJâPWêQJ
FQJP\SKWWURQJ~Đ
P\SKW+).:-56$0~}FWKLWNKRW~QJGLWQ
0+]FKảQJ~}FNWQơLYLPWPDWUQFKX\QPFK$17(1~XUDFDFKX\Q
PFK$17(1JâPFĐ$17(1YPWWLJL
P\SKW.:-5&$0
P\SKW.:-5&$07WFP\SKWQ\KRW~QJGL
WQWá0+]~Q0+]FKảQJ~XFKXQJPDWUQFKX\QPFK$17(1JâP
FĐ$17(1YWLJL.:7L~L5;Y7;PôLP\SKW~XFĐPWE
0RGHPGQJ~NWQơLYLKWKơQJ~}đQJWUX\Q9,%$
wy\OQKQJP\SKW~|QELzQ+)66%VạGãQJFKRGÊFKYãWK{QJWLQO}X
~QJKQJKLKRFKQJNK{QJYLQKQJEWêQJKSWQVơQKQJP\SKWQ\
FĐWK ~LXFKQK~Q EW Nẵ WQ VơQRWURQJ GLWQ 0+= ~Q
0+]YLE}FQK\O+]&KảQJFĐWKKRW~QJ~}FFFFK~QK}&K
~WKRL~|QELzQFĐVĐQJPDQJWULWWLzXVĐQJPDQJVX\JLP~\~VĐQJPDQJ
QĐFàQJFĐWKKRW~QJWURQJFK~&:GQJ~SKW0256(~ơLYLFK~
NKRGÊFKWQP\SKWKRW~QJFK~~|QELzQWULWWLzXVĐQJPDQJ
0\ SKW JâP FĐ PW E NKXFK ~L F{QJ VXW WX\Q WÂQK PW PFK UD
$17(1PWEQJXâQFXQJFSYPWPFKWRWÂQKLXFDRWQ

iqLWKX&k\VioQJ[s+rL7KqQK+rL3KQJ
wLWKX~}F~WFQJYÊWUÂYLWUP/(6NWQơLYLWUXQJWyP~LXNKLQ
WK{QJTXDKWKơQJ9,%$GL*+]PWKWKơQJ9,%$WáP\WKX
~QWUPOS~WWKQK~LPWKWKơQJ9,%$WáWUPOS~QWUXQJWyP
~LXNKLQ
-

3KQP\WKXEDRJâP
QKĐPP\WKX0)+)ORL15'$WURQJ~Đ


1KĐPP\WKXWKằ~}FGQJFKR'6&


1KĐPP\WKXWKằGQJFKRWK{QJWLQWKRL1%'30256(
QKĐPP\WKXSKW9+)JâP


0\WKX~|QF{QJGQJFKRWUẳFFDQK'6&&+YFKRWUẳFFDQKWKRL
&+


0\WKXVRQJF{QJ&KGQJFKRWK{QJWLQWKRLWK{QJWLQWK{QJWK}đQJ
ioQJWUX\Q9,%$
wy\OFFKWKơQJ9,%$KRW~QJGLWQ*+]OFFKWKơQJNS
~LYKWKơQJOPYLFKWKơQJWUQJWKL6WDQGE\K}QJ~LYK}QJY
KRW~QJWQVơNKFQKDX7ơF~FDPWOXâQJO0ESVYLGXQJO}QJ
ONzQKWURQJ~Đ NzQKERKLXY NzQKWK{QJ WLQ&{QJVXW WLzXWKãO
:~ơLYLWUP~XFXơLY:~ơLYLWUPOS
,,

&tFWKLWE*0'66WuLpqL+rLSKQJ5DGLR


7KLWEJLFKQV'6&
wơLYLKWKơQJWK{QJWLQOLzQOFPW~WWKNWKXWJăLFKăQVơ~ĐQJYDL
WUÔFK\XWURQJWK{QJWLQFằXQQYDQWRQ

~L+L3KÔQJ5DGLRWKWKLWEÊ
'6&OPQKLPYãWKLWOSOLzQOFEDQ~XJLDFF~LWUPYLQKDX7LSWKHR
PWEằF~LQ'6&WK{QJWLQOLzQOFWUDR~êLJLD~LWKXY~LSKWV~}FWKLW
OS WKLW EÊ WUX\Q FK WUẳF WLS ExQJ KS KD\ WK{QJ WLQ WKRL TXD P\ 0) +)
9+);FQKQWÂQKLXFSFằXWáWXSKWFKX\QWLSFFEằF~LQFSFằXFàQJ
QK}SKW~LQKQJWK{QJWLQFSFằXYWK{QJWLQDQWRQKQJKL
7KLWEÊ'6&JâP
D

0z\0)+)'6&

7KLWEÊWK{QJWLQWUzQGLWQVơVĐQJWUXQJYVĐQJFDRWQ0)+)FĐJăL
FKăQVơ'6&~}FVạGãQJ FKRWK{QJWLQFSFằXNKQFSYWK{QJWLQ DQWRQ
KQJKLWK{QJWLQWK}|QJPL7KLWEÊQ\KRW~QJWUzQGLWQVơTX\~ÊQKFKR
WK{QJWLQGL~QJKQJKLWá.+]
ữ
.+]
E

0z\9+)'6&

7KLWEÊWK{QJWLQWKRL9+)JăLFKăQVơ'6&~}FVạGãQJFKRWK{QJWLQ

FSFằXNKQFSYDQWRQFàQJQK}FKRFFKRW~QJWK}|QJPLNKF7UzQ
NzQK 0+] ~}F Vạ GãQJ FKR JăL FKăQ Vơ FS FằX Y NzQK
0+]~}FGQJFKRWK{QJWLQFằXQQYDQWRQKQJKL
7KLWEWUX\QFKƠEjQJKS1%'3
1%'3OSK}|QJSKSFKX\QQKQJWK{QJWLQ~LQERWUzQPWNzQKY{
WX\QQR~Đ+WKơQJ1%'3VạGãQJSK}|QJSKSNKPVWYWXFKQK
VDLVơ~FELW~WÂQK~QQKK}QJFDQKLXORQKD\VẳJLPyPWUzQ
YÔQJJLPyPY{WX\Q7URQJ~L+L3KÔQJ5DGLR1%'3~}F[y\GẳQJ
QKPPãF~ÂFKWKD\WKFKR~LQER0256(GQJWU}F~y\
7KLWEÊ1%'3JâPP\0)+)1%'37KLWEÊQ\FĐWK{QJWLQWUX\Q
FK EQJ ExQJ KS 1%'3 ~}F Vạ GãQJ FKR WK{QJ WLQ OLzQ OF WK{QJ WK}đQJ Y
WK{QJWLQFằXQQDQWRQKQJKLJLDEđYLWX7KLWEÊQ\KRW~QJWUzQGL
WQVơTX\~ÊQKFKRWK{QJWLQGL~QJKQJKLWá.+]~Q.+]
7KLWEWKmQJWLQWKRuL

&F WKLW EÊ WK{QJ WLQ WKRL WKXF ~L +L 3KÔQJ 5DGLR ~}F Vạ GãQJ FKR
WK{QJWLQFSFằXNKQFSYDQWRQYQĐOFFWKLWEÊWK{QJWLQFKÂQKSKãFYã
FKRWK{QJWLQKLQWU}đQJJLDPWWXEÊQQYLFF~|QYÊOPQKLPYãFằXQQ
7KLWEÊWK{QJWLQWKRLEDRJâP
D

0z\0)+)

7KLWEÊWK{QJWLQWUzQGLWQ0)+)FĐWK{QJWLQWKRL~}FVạGãQJFKR
WK{QJWLQ FSFằX YNKQFSWK{QJ WLQDQ WRQKQJKLWK{QJWLQWK}|QJPL
7KLWEÊQ\KRW~QJWUzQGLWQVơTX\~ÊQKFKRWK{QJWLQGL~QJKQJKLWá
.+]~Q.+]
E0z\9+)

0t\WKX06,06,0DULWLPH6DIHW\,QIRUPDWLRQ

0\WKX06, ~}FVạGãQJ~WKXFF WK{QJWLQ DQWRQKQJ KLFKR FF
YQJNK{QJ~}FSKVĐQJELFFGÊFKYã1$97(;
0\WKX06,EDRJâP
D0z\WKX1$97(;TXFW

/ WKLW EÊ WUX\Q FK ExQJ KS OP YLF WUzQ WQ Vơ 1$97(; TXơF W
.+]FK~SKWO)(&~WUX\QQKQJWK{QJWLQDQWRQKQJKL06,EQJ
WLQJDQKYLSKPYLSKVĐQJFFKEđNKRQJKLO'ÊFKYãFD1$97(;
EDRJâPGẳERYNKÂW}QJYWKđLWLWFFORLWK{QJERKQJKLFFWK{QJWLQ
YNKQFSYDQWRQ
E0z\WKX(*&0z\WKXJLQKPWpQJFuQJ

wy\OP\WKXFKX\zQGãQJ~WKXFFWK{QJWLQDQWRQYFằXQQKQJ
KLWURQJKWKơQJ,QPDUVDW1Đ~}FWKLWN~~NKQxQJWẳ~QJWUẳFFDQKOLzQ
WãFWURQJPQJ6DIHW\1(7SKWWUzQKWKơQJYWLQK,QPDUVDW0\WKX(*&FĐ
WK~}FNÂFKKSWURQJKWKơQJ,QPDUVDW$%&KRF~}FWKLWN~FOSYL
DQWHQWKXULzQJQKƠJăQ0\WKX(*&OWKLWEÊEWEXFSKLWUDQJEÊFKRFF~L
WXNKLKRW~QJWLFFYQJQJRLYQJSKVĐQJ1$97(;

,,,&tFORuLKQKWKmQJWLQFD*0'66WURQJpqL+rLSKQJUDGLR
7K{QJWLQFSFằXKQJKLWUẳFFDQKWUzQFFWQVơYSK}|QJWKằF
WK{QJ WLQWKHR *0'66 ER ~P WK{QJWLQ NÊSWKđL ~ SKÔQJ WUQK Y JLP WKLX
QKQJWêQWKWJy\UDELFFVẳFơWURQJKQJKL~ơLYLFFSK}|QJWLQKRW~QJ
WUzQELQ
7K{QJWLQWPNLPFằXQQKQJKLOLzQTXDQ~QVLQKPQJQJ}đL~LELQ
SKWFKX\QWLSFSFằXWLFFWX~DQJKQKKLWURQJYQJFĐWXEÊQQY~Q
WUXQJWyPSKơLKSFSFằX5&&

3KW~LFFWK{QJERDQWRQKQJKLEDRJâPFFEQGẳERWKđLWLW
ELQWK{QJERNKÂW}QJFFWK{QJERKQJKLFĐOLzQTXDQ~QYQ~DQWRQ
KQJKL
7K{QJWLQFKGQ\W
7K{QJWLQSKãFYãF{QJWFWUãFYWFằXKYLFFSK}|QJWKằFWK{QJWLQ
WKRL~LQER7HOH[)D['DWD
7K{QJWLQSKãFYãNKDLWKFFQJ
7K{QJWLQSKãFYã~LXKQKNKDLWKFWXWKX\QFàQJQK}FFSK}|QJ
WKằFKRW~QJWUzQFFWX\Q~}đQJELQWURQJQ}FYFFWX\QKQJKLTXơFW
YLFFSK}|QJWKằFWKRL~LQER7HOH[)D['DWD
7K{QJ WLQ SKãF Yã QKX FX ULzQJ FD FF WKQK YLzQ OP YLF WUzQ FF
SK}|QJWLQKRW~QJWUzQELQQK}WKX\QYLzQWUzQWXQJ}đLOPYLFWUzQFF
JLQ NKRDQ ~Q ELQ YL FF SK}|QJ WKằF WK{QJ WLQ WKRL ~LQ ER ~LQ KRD
7HOH[)D['DWD
7K{QJWLQERFKÂ3UHVVY~LQWK}KQJKL6/7WK{QJTXDFFSK}|QJ
WKằFWKRL~LQER7HOH[)D['DWD
'ÊFKYãFKX\QFFEằF~LQEREQJ5DGLR7HOH[
'ÊFKYãFKX\QQKQTXD,10$56$7
'ÊFKYãJLL~SYNWKXWYFFQJKLSYãNKDLWKF
'ÊFKYãFXQJFSWLOLXNKDLWKFWUzQWX
wRWRYFSFKằQJFKFKRNKDLWKFYLzQ
+ôWUJLL~SVạDFKDWKLWEÊWK{QJWLQ~LQWạWLQKăF
3KQ,,
;ỉOòWQKLáX'6&WURQJLWKQJWLQ
'X\QKLKLSKQJ
&KQJ/òWKX\ãWY'6&



,*LLWKLXFKXQJY'6&

'6&'LJLWDO6HOHFWLYH&DOOLQJJăLFKăQVơOPWSKQF{QJQJKTXDQWUăQJ
FDKWKơQJ*0'66Y~}FVạGãQJ~SKWFFER~QJFSFằXWáWXFàQJ
QK}SKW[FQKQ~LQFSFằXWáEđ1Đ~}FFWXYEđGQJ~SKWFKX\Q
WLSER~QJFSFằXKRFSKWFFFXFJăLNKQFSYDQWRQ9LFWKạQJKLP
KWKơQJ'6&~~}FSKơLKSWLQKQKVXơWQKQJQxPlELWêFKằF
&&,5,QWHULP:RUNLQJ3DUW\EDRJâPFYLFWKạYL0)+)Y9+)'6&
'6&FĐED~FWU}QJF|EQ
'6&OPWSK}|QJWKằFNWQơLWK{QJWLQ&DOOLQJ
'6&FĐNKQxQJOẳDFKăQ~ÊDFK~LWKX6HOHFWLYH
'6&OPWF{QJQJKWK{QJWLQVơ'LJLWDO
&ãWK

'6&OPWSK}|QJWKằFNWQơLWK{QJWLQ
7URQJ WK{QJ WLQ Y{ WX\Q PôL FXF OLzQ OF WK}đQJ GLQ UD KDL JLDL ~RQ
7U}FKWOJLDL~RQJăLFDOOLQJ~NWQơLWK{QJWLQJLDFF~LWUzQPWNzQK
FKXQJYVDX~ĐPLOJLDL~RQOPYLFZRUNLQJWKẳFKLQFFQLGXQJWK{QJ
WLQ '6& O PW SK}|QJ WKằF PL ~ JăL Y Y WK QL GXQJ~LQ '6& FKằD FF
WK{QJWLQQJQJăQNzQKWK{QJWLQWLSWKHR~FWÂQKYFFWKDPVơF|EQFD
FXFJăL~FELWWURQJFFFXFER~QJFằXQQ~FWÂQKYFFWKDPVơF|
EQOYÊWUÂWURQJWKđLJLDQEÊQQWÂQKFKWWDLQQYSK}|QJWKằFWK{QJWLQWLS
WKHR
.zQKWUẳFFDQKFKR'6&GLWQ9+)FPãF~ÂFKDQWRQFằXQQYPãF
~ÂFKWK{QJWLQWK{QJWK}đQJ~}FTX\~ÊQKFKPWNzQK0+]wơL
YLFFJLLWQNKFQK}0+]PôLJLLWQFàQJTX\~ÊQKPW
WKDPVơWUẳFFDQK'6& FKXQJQKW FKRPãF ~ÂFKDQWRQFằXQQ&ÔQYL PãF
~ÂFKWK{QJWK}đQJFĐTX\~ÊQKPWVơWQVơWUẳFFDQK'6&TXơFWYTXơFJLD
'6&FĐWKOẳDFKăQ~LWKX
'6&FĐWKJăL 7LFFFWXDOOVWDWLRQ
7LPW~LFĐVơQKQGQJGX\QKW,QGLYLGXDO
7LPWQKĐP~L

7LFF~LWURQJYQJ~ÊDO~}FOẳDFKăQ
*HRJUDSKLFDUHD
'6&OPWF{QJQJKWK{QJWLQVơ
wF~LPFDWÂQKLXVơO
  %QWKyQWLQW»FOGQJV¬
wLXFKV¬
  wWLQF\WK{QJWLQFDRK|QW¢QKLXW}|QJW¼!F¼O\WK{QJ
WLQ[DK|QF¼O\WKRL

,,izFWQKNªWKXWFD'6&

7¢QKLX'6&OGQJW¢QKLX~©QJEV¹G·QJFFNÀW¼~}²FWªK²SPÅ
E¢WF§SKWKLQO«LELWHUURUGHWHFWLQJFRGH
0ÅELWF§SKWKLQO«LQK}VDX
 E¢W~XOFKX«LE¢WQK£SKyQPDQJQLGXQJWK{QJWLQ
 E¢WVDXOFFE¢WQK£SKyQYFFPÅSKWKLQO«LE¢W
NLPWUDO«L
⇒
V¬W¸PÅQKQ~}²FVO
 NÀW¼
7URQJV¬NÀW¼J©PNÀW¼V¬
÷
YNÀW¼
÷
J¨LO
FFNÀW¼G£FKY·ÀQJK¡DF´DFFNÀW¼G£FKY·SK·WKXFYRKDL\XW¬F|EQO
3K·WKXFYREQWKyQNÀW¼
3K·WKXFYRY£WU¢F´DFFNÀW¼WURQJPWFKXN½J¨L

³

QJKDWKsQJWLQWQKLX'6&
7URQJPWW¸PÅE¢WF´DW¢QKLX'6&WKEDRJ©PFFE¢W%Y<WURQJ
~§
-

&FE¢W%W}|QJ»QJY±LP»FORJLFij
-

&FE¢W<W}|QJ»QJY±LP»FORJLFij
7K{QJWLQF´DPWFXFJ¨LFK»DWURQJE¢WNWK²SWRWKQKPÅJ¬FE¢W
WK{QJWLQF´DPÅJ¬FQ\~}²FELXGLQEQJV\PEROW¸
÷
~}²FFKUD¯
EQJVDX

6\PERO
1R
(PLWWHGVLQJDODQG
%LWSRVLWLRQ
6\PERO
1R
(PLWWHGVLQJDODQG
%LWSRVWLRQ
   
 %%%%%%%<<<  <%%<<%%<%%
 <%%%%%%<<%  %<%<<%%<%%
 %<%%%%%%<<%  <<%<<%%%<<
 <<%%%%%<%<  %%<<<%%<%%
 %%<%%%%<<%  <%<<<%%%<<
 <%<%%%%<%<  %<<<<%%%<<

 %<<%%%%<%<  <<<<<%%%<%
 <<<%%%%<%%  %%%%%<%<<%
 %%%<%%%<<%  <%%%%<%<%<
 <%%<%%%<%<  %<%%%<%<%<
 %<%<%%%<%<  <<%%%<%<%%
 <<%<%%%<%%  %%<%%<%<%<
 %%<<%%%<%<  <%<%%<%<%%
 <%<<%%%<%%  %<<%%<%<%%
 %<<<%%%<%%  <<<%%<%%<<
 <<<<%%%%<<  %%%<%<%<%<
 %%%%<%%<<%  <%%<%<%<%%
 <%%%<%%<%<  %<%<%<%<%%
 %<%%<%%<%<  <<%<%<%%<<
 <<%%<%%<%%  %%<<%<%<%%
 %%<%<%%<%<  <%<<%<%%<<
 <%<%<%%<%<  %<<<%<%%<<
 %<<%<%%<%%  <<<<%<%%<%
 <<<%<%%%<<  %%%%<<%<%<
 %%%<<%%<%<  <%%%<<%<%%

 %<%%<<%<%%  <<%<%%<%<<
 <<%%<<%%<<  %%<<%%<<%%
 %%<%<<%<%%  <%<<%%<%<<
 <%<%<<%%<<  %<<<%%<%<<
 %<<%<<%%<<  <<<<%%<%<%
 <<<%<<%%<%  %%%%<%<<%<
 %%%<<<%<%%  <%%%<%<<%%
 <%%<<<%%<<  %<%%<%<<%%
 %<%<<<%%<<  <<%%<%<%<<
 <<%<<<%%<%  %%<%<%<<%%

 %%<<<<%%<<  <%<%<%<%<<
 <%<<<<%%<%  %<<%<%<%<<
 %<<<<<%%<%  <<<%<%<%<%
 <<<<<<%%%<  %%%<<%<<%%
 %%%%%%<<<%  <%%<<%<%<<
 <%%%%%<<%<  %<%<<%<%<<
 %<%%%%<<%<  <<%<<%<%<%
 <<%%%%<<%%  %%<<<%<%<<
 %%<%%%<<%<  <%<<<%<%<%
 %<<%%%<<%%  %<<<<%<%<%
 %<<%%%<<%%  <<<<<%<%%<
 <<<%%%<%<<  %%%%%<<<%<
 %%%<%%<<%  <%%%%<<<%%
 <%%<%%<<%%  %<%%%<<<%%
 %<%<%%<<%%  <<%%%<<%<<

 %%<%%<<<%%  <<%%<<<%<%
 <%<%%<<%<<  %%<%<<<%<%
 %<<%%<<%<<  <%<%<<<%<%
 <<<%%<<%<%  %<<%<<<%<%
 %%%<%<<<%%  <<<%<<<%%<
 <%%<%<<%<<  %%%<<<<%<<
 %<%<%<<%<<  <%%<<<<%<%
 <<%<%<<%<%  %<%<<<<%<%
 %%<<%<<%<<  <<%<<<<%%<
 <%<<%<<%<%  %%<<<<<%<%
 %<<<%<<%<%  <%<<<<<%%<
 <<<<%<<%%<  %<<<<<<%%<
 %%%%<<<<%%  <<<<<<<%%%
 <%%%<<<%<<  

 %<%%<<<%<<  
wWLQF\
WQKFKQJQKLX
wWxQJ~WLQF\F´DWK{QJWLQP«LNÀW¼~}²FSKWOQWKHRNLXWUL
WK®LJLDQ7LPHVSHDUGPRGH
/QSKW~X';3KWWU}±F
/QSKWVDX5;SKWOL
.KRQJFFKJLºDOQSKWFFKQKDXNKRQJWK®LJLDQEQJOQSKW
WK®LJLDQSKWNÀW¼






7K®LJLDQJLÅQFFKJLºDOQSKW';Y5;WURQJPWFXFJ¨L~}²FTX\
~£QK
PVWUzQNzQK0)Y+)
PVWUzQNzQK9+)WKRL
0ÅKR%LW%~}²FG³QJ~PÅKRFKRFFWQV¬FDRK|QF¤QELW<~}²FG³QJ
~PÅKRFKRFFWQV¬WKSK|QFKRFFWKQKSKQW}|QJ»QJF´DW¢QKLX
<zXFX9LFPÅKRP\SKWSKLFWQKFOLYLFSKWWUQKW¼J¨L

$ % &$ '%( &W

$ % & ' ( W

$%

,,,&~XWU¡FWUoQJWURQJpQKGuQJPWFXFJL'6&


-

&XWU¶FF´DPWFXFJ¨LWK{QJWK}®QJ

-

&XWU¶FPWFXFJ¨LFSF»X


'RWSDWWHUQ7QKLXPqRp{X
qW}RxLXNLQxQJEEWVÔPKvQPWF|FK
SKƯKƠSYyFKRSKSxyLWyXTXWWÔLPyQKQKQKQJ
WQV0)+)7QKLXNKÂLxXxwƠFxWWUwÔFWQKLX
xQJEFKXWUQKYyODFKQFKXL7QKLXxQJE
EW%<SK|WOXuQSKLtQYÔLNKRzQJWKĂLJLDQxQJE
EÂWWUzQWQVơ0)+)Y~}FGQJFKRYLFFSFằXFKX\QWLS
[FQKQFSFằXYFKRWWFFFFXFJăLWL~LWX
EÂW7UzQWQVơ0)+)GQJFKRWWFFFFXFJăL[FQKQ
WUá[FQKQYFKX\QWLS[FQKQFSFằXYFKRWWFFFFXFJăLWL
~LEđWUáFXFJăLFKX\QWLSFSFằX
7UzQWQVơ9+)FKRWWFFFFXFJăL
3KDVVLQJVHTXHQFH
&KXôLFKXQSKD wâQJEFKXWUQKKD\~âQJE
FXFJăL!
0ãF~ÂFKFDWÂQKLXQ\OSKW~LQKQJWK{QJWLQWLP\WKX~FKR
SKSP\WKX~ÊQKSKDEÂW~ảQJY[F~ÊQKUƯYÊWUÂFFNWẳWURQJFKXWUQK
JăLQKPWLQKQKWFKGÔQJWK{QJWLQ';5;
&KXôLFKXQWKđLJLDQEDRJâPQKQJNWẳWURQJYÊWUÂ5;';FãWK
7ÂQKLX~âQJEQ\EDRJâPWÂQKLX~âQJE';YWÂQKLX~âQJ

E';GX\QKWOV\PEROVơWURQJEQJP
7ÂQKLX~âQJEYÊWUÂ5;FKUƯ~LPEW~XFDWUQKWẳWK{QJWLQ
EDRJâPFFNWẳVơ
ữ
OLzQWLSWURQJEQJP

)RUPDWVSHFLILHU
wÊQKGQJFXFJăL
qs\OyNWFKUDxQKG}QJFXFJLFêWK
xwƠFSK|WOQWURQJFzOwƠW';Yy5;
%xQJ

Symbol
1R
wÊQKGQJ







*ăLFSFằX
*ăLWWFFFWX
&FFXFJăLFĐOẳDFKăQ
*ăLFF~L~|QO
&FWXWURQJFQJYQJ~ÊD
O
&FWXFĐFKXQJ~FWÂQK
'ÊFKYãWẳ~QJEQWẳ~QJ

<rXFXJLxLPả

0|\WKXJLzLPểFQSKzLOR}LENWQKQ
G}QJWQKLXE|RxQJFĐDFXFJLFSFđXYyJL
WWFzF|FWyX'RxxLYÔLF|FFXFJLWKuQJ
WKwĂQJNK|FWKFQSKzLFWKtPNWxDFKx
FKQJO}LWQKLXE|RxQJJLzYyFQFVEzRY
FKRNWxQKG}QJFXFJL
//7088
qDFK
qLYÔLWWFzF|FFXFJLFSFđXYyJLWWFz
F|FWyXWKNKuQJFQSK|WxDFKPyQKQJFXFJL
Qy\JơLKRyQWRyQWÔLWWFzF|FxyLEĂYyWyX
qJLWUFWLSFXFJLWÔLxyLWyXxvQOPW
xyLEĂKRFQKPxyLFFKXQJPWxFWQKxDFK
EDRJPQKQJNWxwƠFPểKR|WKHREzQJ,,
7KHRTX\xQKFĐDPWGFKYêGLxQJKyQJKzL
JPFKV
0,'0DULWLPHLGHQWLILFDWLRQGLJLWV
YyGLJLWQD


6KLXJLxyLWyXEWxXE~QJ0,'[[[[[[
0,'WKFFKWOyPểTXFJLDF|FVFQO}LOyV
KLXQKQG}QJFĐDxyL

6KLXJLQKPxyLWyXEWxXE~QJ0,'[[[[
[


6KLXJLQKPxyLEĂGX\tQKzL0,'[[[[
1KQJVQKQG}QJQy\EDRJPQKQJSKQxD
FKYyVQKQG}QJWyXFĐDWUQKWJLYyxwƠFSK|W
EÂLNWJPFKVWKSSKsQ
;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;



0,';
; ; ; ; ; ;


}


}


}


}


}

&&&&&

'RV¬GªQJFKFFKVFKRQtQSKzLJ|QV
FXLF¦QJ;
 
&XFJLWKHRY¦QJxDO³WK¯FKLQJLPW
QKPWyXWURQJPWY¦QJxDO³WKWR}xxDFKF§D
Y¦QJOQKxwDYyRYyxFUDWKHR/R/D
+QK*HRJUDSKLFFRRUGLQDWHV

∆λ
 1

$



9³QJ~£DOÀ~}²FFKUDVOPWKQKFKºQKWGR0HUFDWRU~UD

*§F~QKWULWy\EFF´DKQKFKºQKWO~LPWUDF»XFKRFF
Y³QJ

.ÀW¼~XWLzQFKFXQJSK}|QJY£NKXY¼F~}²F~W~LPWUDF»X
1(~}²FFKEQJ',*,7ij
1:~}²FFKEQJ',*,7ij
6(~}²FFKEQJ',*,7ij
∆
         









ϕ




E
D
E
:
ϕ λ ∆ϕ
∆λ
         
ϕ
λ ∆
ϕ
∆λ
         
E
ϕ
λ ∆ϕ
∆λ
         


6:~}FFKEQJ',*,7ij
.WẳFKUDOYĂ~/DFD~LPWUDFằXWKHRSKQFKãFYSKQ
~|QYÊFD~
&FNWẳFKFKLXFDRFDKQKFKQKWEFQDP

WKHRKQJ
FKãFYKQJ~|QYÊFD~
&FNWẳFKFKLXGLFDKQKFKQKW7y\~{QJ

WKHR
SKQFKãFYSKQ~|QYÊFD~
wLWKXSKLFSQKWYÊWUÂEQJWKLWEÊKRFEQJWD\QX~LWKXWKXF
YQJ~ÊDO~}FJăLWLQKQKWKX
wLWKXSKLFSQKWYÊWUÂEQJWKLWEÊKRFEQJWD\QX~LWKXNK{QJ
WKXFYQJ~ÊDO~}FJăLWKNK{QJWKX


&DWHUJRU\0ƯFoXWLlQFDFXFJL
%QJ

6\PERO1R 0ằF}XWLzQ







/LzQTXDQ~QDQWRQ
&SFằX

.KQFS
$QWRQ
&FORLNKF
7K}|QJPL
7K{QJWK}đQJ

0ằF}XWLzQFDFXFJăLFSFằX~}F~ÊQKGQJFXFJăLNK{QJFĐWK{QJ
WLQPằF}XWLzQWURQJWUQKWẳJăL
&FFXFJăLOLzQTXDQ~QDQWRQWK{QJWLQYPằF}XWLzQGQKULzQJ
&SFằX .KQFS KRF$QWRQ

&FFXFJăLNKFWK{QJWLQYPằF}XWLzQULzQJ
7XWK}|QJPLGÊFKYãFKROLzQOFEđWXFĐPằF}XWLzQFKUDWURQJ
1R0WYL~LEƠNK{QJVạGãQJPằF}XWLzQQ\
*ăLWK{QJWK}đQJ
6HOI,GHQWLILFDWLRQ
,'FKUDSKQWUzQ7ẳQKQGQJWẳ[}QJO006,
FD~LJăLVơ
0HVVDJH
1LGXQJ~LQJăLSKãWKXFORLFXFJăL
7URQJPôLFXFJăLFFEằF~LQEDRJâPWKQKSKQFDEằF~LQWKHR
WKằWẳOLWNzYWKđLJLDQ[XWKLQWURQJPôLEằF~LQ