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GIẢI CHI TIẾT CÁC BÀI TOÁN TRONG ĐỀ THI ĐẠI HỌC KHỐI A - NĂM 2010-MÃ ĐỀ : 596
Câu 1
−
!"
#
$
− −
%
&'()
$
−
#
−
!*+," /01!12
3456(7-898:
;
<!0 =! $!0 !0#
>8?8@
−
OH
n
@#3;%@3;
*+,"
+ −
+ →H OH H O
@A
+
H
n
d
@ #@0@AB
C@
0
0 0
0
= => =pH
Câu 2 $0D#E/24,&1$&F9&.G0
HI
3
;
#
!J8K2??%+&& /J8L8!>8K&+:
<!M =!0MN# $!0 !0O
>8?8
MN M 0D# 0
+ = =
=>
= =
a b a
b a b
#
+
=
Fe
n
1
#
+
Fe
→
+ +
+Fe Zn
$
#
+
Fe
→
+ +
+Fe Zn
00
P&
+Q@
$
@3 0;M@M3;
Câu 3 E/2JRS
&FJ)8(T8I4U0O!V,&&W88&+4XJR
34,&HIY&K;& /E/2JR"&FJ)8(T8I4U!89(P&:2?&'/2
#
<!NZ =!#MZ $!Z !NZ
>8?8[
@
O +
+
a b
a b
@@A4@[
"
@O
#
→
#
4
"
@4
@4
#
*
O
N
N Z 0 NZ
+ −
= => =
+
=> = => = =
X Y
Y X
M n a b x
M n a b
a
x a H
a
Câu 7:$R&$
#
S-,\& /R&!]P%0R&
&K^T8=$
3.;& /00OJ_&&:![`&JK0R&
$$
3.;+S8-(J8J_&&YK2?& /J_&&:!>8K&+:
&.G
<!O =!# $!OO !0
>8?8
@
m
#
=
NaHCO
n a
# #
# #
# #
# #
# #
3 ;
3 ;
− − −
+ −
+ −
+ −
+ → +
+ → ↓
+ → ↓
+ →
→ ↓ + +
OH HCO CO H O
Ba CO BaCO
Ca CO CaCO
Ca HCO Ca HCO
Ca HCO CaCO CO H O
3&+R&;
@
O
m
O
m
@
00O
0D
@A@O3;
*+0R&
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#
M
O
NaHCO
m
n a a= − = −
d
#
M # O
CaCO
a
m a= + − = => =
Câu 9: 8K_&E/28-G&-I8&ab-:O$!$&4,
./-I8&&+c&K^T8./.<
#
&+
#
& /#M<!8
<!$
N
$
N
$
=!$
N
$
#
$
$!$
#
$
N
$
!$
#
$
N
>8?8
$
@
O
M3 ;
O
= mol
@
ancol
n
@A
#MM
M
= =
ancol
M
@A,&$
#
VK2K<=4L8
J8-
M N
0
x y x
x y y
+ = =
=>
+ = =
@A
@#!N3d#0;!0@@Ad@D
8$
#
$
N
$
Câu 10:E/2[S-G8&4%8-G"-eLfg()
%c&h$&'():8P&N3():"TG():;!_-)&K%&
[&X& /##MR&JR$
3-J&;N
![`&JK_-[T8
-`-i&789
2?I(&IK389(P&OZ;&X()I(&I& /
<!# =!#M $!O !0O
>8?8$
→
$
30;
$
→
$
\
%@N%@0N30;
m
y
@0%A@AjN
@#
O N
N
O
−
< = <
−
m
x
m
@A#jjNM@A@`N
kl%$
#
O
"$
#
@AI(&I$
#
$$
#
@
!O!00
0O
0
=
N
0 #
+ = =
=>
+ = =
x y x
x y y
Câu 11:$S
#$
M$
M
#
$
−
0
#
−
!ViL845_&$
&+a,&./b-:$3;
>R&+:
<! =!0 $! !0O
>8?8
# #
OH HCO CO H O
− − −
+ → +
MMM
# #
Ca CO CaCO
+ −
+ →
MM
Ca
n
+
@#
a
@M@A@#!@
Câu 13: VE/2JRS$
#
&+,&4XJR3Y&K8;& /
E/2JR"!$",8&b&b4X.T4+3.;(J8J_&&YK2?J)8./4X&m
OE/2JR13-J&;&K&+!*FJ)8:1(T8
0O!>8K&+:
<!#O =!N $!NON !M
>8?8Vl&4?&J)8./
@
"
1
"
@-,&mJ)8./4X
@A-,&mJ)8./4X@@
1
@M!!#
O
!!0O@#O
Câu 18: &&1
.T /!_00n[
&X& /#J_&&:![`&JK_0n[&X& /
J_&&:!>8K&+:
<!# =!0N $!00 !0M0
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>8?8G-S 1
o#13;
p
1
O
o13;
p
o()
&8q&13;
pOr@M
13;
p
o13;
3&;
#M3;
o13;
p&.G GT8#!
V.48&KeL
1
O
o13;
p3M;13;
3&;
s=?&
o()
4-a@()
&+13;
p()
&+13;
3&;
O@M()13;
o()13;
@
s=?&1
o()1
4-a@()1
&+13;
p()1
&+13;
3&;
)1
@)13;
p()13;
@M@0
o@00M0@0M0o$t-K2K!
Câu 22: E/2JRS-8I&%888-+4-S-u8c&8_2!V)&K%&0
E/24U,&./8b-:& /NNE/2"SJRG8.T!_"-86
8&(v+8-`3.;&XqL8NJR3K&i&RJRG8-fg-8eJ89;!$w&
2x&h:88-+4
<!$
M
$
#
O
=!$
#
M
$
O
$!$
$
M
!$
$
#
M
>8?83$
#
;
→
$
0
3;
0
x y
C H
→
x
$
y
43;
x
4
y
4
*
0
N
N
#
a b
a xb
y
a b
+ =
+ =
+ =
0
N N
M
a b
a xb
a yb
+ =
+ =
+ =
kl%$w&2x&h:88-+4$
$
#
M
Câu 24: V)&K%&E/2#-G&,gy%-S-u& /#OOR&
JR$
3-J&;N
!>8K&+:
<! =!N $! !N
N4
xb
@@A
Nx =
4
yb
@0@Aj4@
0
y−
j0@A
y
jM
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>8?8
#OO N
0 #
0O
CO H O
n n= = = =
@A#-G
J8-
@# 0@0#3;
t8w&:#
n n
C H O
+
&X@3
0n
0O;!0#@30
0
0#
0O;!0#@3;
Câu 26:$HI&&&+%
3&F9%@N;& /,&(?
2zJh%P&F)8(v&!)II&+./HI&+c.WJ84&
<!# =!% $! !%
>8?8)
@%o()
@%()
@%
(2.F)8(v&c
_&!
&8&L
&L)8!
Io
%\{%(%+()
&L)8@%r%\@%\
$&i(2??)8HI
HI
3
;
#
c&g(G-S
HI IoHI
HI #Io0\HI
3
;
#
4#44\
()
&L)8@#4\@%\
)II&+./HI&+c.WJ84@3#4\;@s%\@%
$t-K2K=
Câu 27: <I& /-8e_4UK8KIW8(-&|2x&+
y!Vi& /0NI&&X./Iag38?(h89(P&6K&+X-8e_-L&NZ;
<!# =!N $! !M
>8?8*(G-S3$
#
;
$$
M
N
→
OXI
&8i
2x&+8
→
SOH
$
#
$$
#
$
M
N
$I
@
0N!0
!0
NO!N
@3;
Câu 29: *|2x&,&I(&I}agb-:0Z& /
,&#ME/2)8:88&4%8-G!88&-
<!$$
#
$ =!$
#
$$
N
$
$!$
N
$$
#
$ !$$
N
$
>8?8
I(&I
M
#
n
= =
@AI(&I#
*I-ew&:I(&I#d$ d
3d
0
$;
#
→
d$d
0
$#
3dM;3d
0
M;@#M@Add
0
@0td
0
@0@Ad@0N
88&-$$
#
$
Câu 31:$0N38&&8;0N$[& /!$.
!J8K2??%+&()-y2?
<!N! =!MN! $!! !NN!
>8?8
$
#
N
3$;
$
→
#
$$
#
N
3$;
0N0N0N
$
→
$
#N 0N@
#
#
$$
#
N
3$;
→
$
#
N
3$;
$
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N0N
()-y2?N@MN
Câu 32:$0E/2S,&J8L8J8e,&J8L8J8e&'"&K^_&T8./.
$y& /NMR&JR3-J&;!n8L8"
<!&+88I! =!8&84I+8! $!J88! !J84+8!
Giải:
0
N
xX yY
x
y
+ =
+ =
=>
0
N
xX yY
x y
+ =
+ =
=> 2xX -xY = 14,2 -0,5Y => 0 < x =
0 N
Y
X Y
−
−
< 0,5
0 N
N
0 N
Y
X Y
Y
−
< −
− >
=>
0
O
X
Y
>
<
=> n8L8"&+88I
Câu 33:q&&ODE/2Sn=.T& /MOOR&
JR
3-J&;!"S$
&F9&.G0!*+q4f8
"&'J)8./K)8 /&L+
<!0#! =!0OM! $!0O! !0M!
>8?8V`&
HCl H SO
n x n y
@A@%
*
MOO
H
OH
n n
−
= = =
H
n x y
+
= +
)8
@
n
Cl
m
−
SO
m
−
@OD#NN!0MDM!@0OM!
Câu 40:V)&K%&,&I(&I-GLf32x&h()8cJ_&π5G#;& /&i
&RJR$
4UM\&i&RJR
-y2?3K&i&RJR-fg-8eJ89;!$&K^
&T8n[& /"!$wL"& /0OOP&+Q
J!>8K&+:
<!! =!MMM! $!OOO! !0NM!
>8?8I(&I-GLf32x&h()8cJ_&π5G#;$
3
≤
j;
$
3
#
n a− −
;
→
$
3 ;
M
#
CO
O
n
n
n n a
= =
− −
@A0@0O 0 M@A0@ Mt@@#
I(&I$
#
M
d$d
0
n
→
d$nd
0
3;
&XP&+Qd$n
n.0
Câu 42:E/2S088&Lf08Lf!J?m2?
&)8-T8$`!V)&K%&& /M$
%
!
$K8K&+%&.G
<!O0! =!O0N! $!0! !0N!
&K^_&T8$&58088&~0!
&K^_&T8&588&8$
kl%w&:8$
%
88&$
0
3$;
V)&K%&L+0
@AL8=
*I8?8&8_&&@M@A@
@A%@
@A@0M
%@
@A
+Q
@3dO#;NM30 ;@0OO
d@N
d@0@A@0O&X
I(&I
@0O!@0##
3Jw-K2K;
d@0N@A@0&X
I(&I
@0!@OOO
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@0&X@#@&X@@#&X@0
•&&+.W/28$
#
88&$
#
N
3$;
$
#
→
$
N
N
00NN
$
#
N
3$;
→
N$
N
N
0NNN
$t$
Câu 43:*b0O€G4U2.G2K2cI+./& /I&%8389(P&OZ;!
80I&%84U2.G2K2cI8P& /E/2!Vi&+qE/2
a[!89(P&6K&+XcI8P
<!OZ! =!0Z! $!DZ! !Z!
>8?8
€G
@03;@A
N
!O
0M3 ;
0
C H OH
n mol= =
N #
3
0M3 ;
C H OH CH COOH
n mol n= =
lªnmengiÊm)
#
32Y;
! 0
CH C N aOH
n n= = =
Câu 46: 5&b&b&b8t&-__&#$0[0
$
#
[
$
#
[(2?& /()$
<!#! =!0! $!! !0N!
*
# #
#
H CO HCO
n n n
+ − −
= = =
# #
H CO HCO
+ − −
+ →
#
H HCO CO H O
+ −
+ → +
00
Câu 47:$E/2I&2+22?&T8./.<
#
&+
#
& /#J_&&:0N)88:88&•G!>8K&+:
<!0D! =!0#! $!0! !DN!
>8?8d$<
#
#
#
→
d$
#
<
#
0O
=
0N
ON ON M NN
RCOONH
M R= = => = − =
@A
3NN D;! 0D
RCHO
m = + =
Câu 48:E/2S0,&8&4%8-G0)8:8&-T8J8L8Je
&'J)8./0NO!*c:8&&+c
<!8&2+28! =!8&I&8! $!8&I&8! !8&4&8!
>8?8>t8d$
d$[
Câu 49:V)&K%&,&./8-+4!P2&^&4,(?2zK%=3;
3.;&L+DNNJ_&&:(2?J)8./8?0D#N(T8=3;
4-a!$w&2x&h:
<!$
#
! =!$
M
! $!$
#
M
! !$
#
O
!
>8?8
8?
@
#
3 ;
CaCO CO H O
m m m− +
@A
3 ; DNN 0D#N 0
CO H O
m m+ = − =
#
DNN
0N
0D
CO BaCO
n n= = =
@A
0 !0N #M
H O
m = − =
@A
#M
!
0O
H H O
n n= = =
J8-
0N #
O
C
H
n
n
= =
!$w&2x&h:$
#
O
!
Z@
0
!0 DZ
0M
=
3dN;!03d[;!0@0NO@Ad[@0NO OD@MD
d@0N&X[@#D
J8-8&$
#
$8&I&8!
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