Đánh giá hiện trạng thiết bị công nghệ các ngành công nghiệp chủ yếu Tỉnh Cần Thơ

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HAN NHAN DAN
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sri KHOA I
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COM;
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CAC
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CONC^
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CAN

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cm)
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Sd KII.CN&Ml
CO
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PHOI
nav
:
sd
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cue TIlONd Kfi
CAN
TIKI
f'AN
rif<5,
1997
IJY
BAN NHAN DAN

tinh CSn
Thd
sd KHOA
HQC,
c6Na NOH$ &
M6I
TRUONG
BAO
CAO
KHOA
HQC
DANH
GIA
HI(;N
TRANG
THIET BJ CONG
NGHJI
CAC NGANH
CONG
NGHIEP
CHU
Yfe'u
TINH
CAN
THd
cut NHlfeM : Ks
BUI
MINH
TAO
CC) QUAN

CHO
TRi
: s6 KH,CN&MT
Cd QUAN
Plldl
HdP
: sd
CONG
NGinfeP
CAN
THd
eye
THO'NG
Kfi
CAN
THd
CAN
THd, 1997
MVC
LVC
LdlNblDXu „ „
1
PHAN
I.
KHAI
QUAT
liNH HlNH KINH
Tft'
- xA H(>I
TINH

CXN
THd
A
TRINH
DO
C6NG
NGH$
II.lMvcTifto:
3
II.2NOiDUNO'nn/cHi0N:
3
II.3Pin>dNaniAp-n^HANH:
3
I
I.C6NGNC»fl$PQU6cDOANH
4
A
ViThmtiMiWI^SfCdNONGHt
4
1.
E»|ic
diim
chuog vi thKft bicda
rft
ci
cic
DN:
4
2.DdlvdlcictlilAli{nglnhcdklif!
6

3.
D|c
di^m c6ag
ngh^
cda cic DN
ch^
bi^n Itfcteg
th^c.
thijrc phim :
6
-E)^vdlcilcthWrtb|ch«'bl^nldag»o:
7
- Cic
tiii^t b}
ch^
bi^a thiiTc
pkint,
ran qui dAng
l^nh:
7
TWA bich<fbi^tthft
diin:
8
-
EMd vdi cic thiA bf
sin
xuSt ntfdc nd^Dg :
8
4.
E)^c di^m cdj^g

ngh^
cda
cic
DN sin
xuit
V^t
ll^u xky dijfng :
9
5.
E)|c di^m
cdng
ngh^
cda cic DN
b^a
ch^t -
nhi^a:
10
6.
D^cdi^mcdngngh^cdaDNch^bi^ngd:
11
7.
D^c
dil^m
c6ng
ngh^
cda cic DN sin xult thn^c
cic
ngliih khdc :
12
R

BSCBtiMvis^PHXM:
12
1.
E>^c di^m cda
qui
trinh
sin
xuCt lin
phlm
:
12
a.
Nhffng
d|c
di^m
tic
d6ng
t*
phia
miy
m<Sc thlA
bi:
l2
'
b.
Tir
phii
nguyfinU^u :
14
2.

M^t
s66^c 6lim cda
cic sin phlm
hl$n
nay:
14
C.viLAOD0NGVAni$VQUAsANXUATKINHIX)ANH:
IS
l.Viiaod$ng:
15
a.
B^i
vdi
cin
b$
nhin
vi6n
quin
1^
v4 lao d$ng c6 trinh
d^
dfi
hpc
: 13
b.
Deli vdi cdng nhin
b^c
cao:
16
2.

V£ hi$u
qui cda sin xuit
kinh doanh :
17
L<^i nhu|n cda
cic
DN:
18
II.
c6Na NGHIEP NGOAlQU6c DOANH
19
ABANHGJACHUNO
,.
i9
l.Viquymd:
19
a.
Vdn:
19
b.
Lao
ddng:
r 19
c. Sin xuit
kinh
doanh:
19
2.
Trang
b}

miy
mdc thi^ft
bj:
20
3.Cicchlridnv#mdItrtfdng:
20
4.
Kdt
qui
\i tff
dinh gii
tinh hinh
sin
xuit:
20
B.sdlJ$UCt/Tfi£cOATljtNahfGANH:
, 21
1
l.Mginhcdkhl:
'. 21
2.Ngijilixayxit:
2l
3.
Nginh
sin
xuJft ntfdc udng
giii
khit:
.'.
22

4.
Nginh sin xuit
dtfdng :
23
S.Ngitthsinxuitvitii^uxiyaijrng:
24
d.i^giiliiinxuitnirdcdicay
'.
23
I.KfTLUJM"!!
\ i 26
d.C6ngnjllki$p4iUfc
doanh:
26
b.BSlivdieihgnghi^Hgoiiqu^ciloiinh:
3f
2.
Kl^NOtQ i t)
nD^vtHe^Hgnghi^qu^cdoanh:
2f
b.
DA vdi o6Hg nghiep HgoAiqit^c
doanh:
'.
2A
1.
PHl/dNQ
IPHAP
TfNH
TOAN

K^T
QUA
itS Bl^U DI^U TRA THl^T
B|
C6N0 NOHf D<5l Vdll cAC cd
sdQUdc DOANH
29
2.PHI^UDl]fetJTRACACCdSdNGOAlQUdcDOANH
34
S.HadNGDANGHIBI^UDlfeUTRANGOAK^dcDOANH
40
4.
PHI^U DIEU TRA CACCdSd.QUdc DOANH
48
3.HadNODANaHlBI^UDI^UTRACAcDdNV|QU(5cDOANH
53
6.i4pTS6Bl6uD6MINHHpA
61
7.
SO L1$U TttdNG
K£
COA
CAC
DON
Vf QUdc DOANH TtfNG
IV^
vt
MAY
MOC.
SAN

PHXM.
Ll/C
La(?N0 LAO
D0NO.HI$UQUASAN
XUAT
69
8.
S6 LI$U THONG
K£
COA
CAC
DON
V|
NGOAI
QU6C
DOANH 75
LtSi
N6I
DAU
D^
phuc vu cho
qu^
trinh
s^p
x€p
lai cAc cd sd cdng
nghiep
theo quan
di^m
mdi,

gidp
c^c
cd sd
qud^c
doanh
xiEic
dinh lai cdng
ngh#
d^
dthig vfihig
trong cd
ch^thi
tru'dng.
Nam
1991 Sd
KHCN«feMT \k
Sd Cdng
nghiep phd'i
hdp dilu tra
c4c thi^t
bi
cd sd
qudic
doanh trong
tfnh.
Qua
qua
trinh hoat
d^ng
vtfdn l€n

trong cd
ch^"
thi tru'dng,
nhilu
xf
nghiep
qudc doanh
d9
d^u
tu"
ddi mdi
thi€t
bi cdng
ngh^,
cdc
cd sd
ngoM qud^c
doanh phdt
tri^n
manh, song hlu
h€t
c6n mang tfnh
lu*
phat,
chtfa
theo
dring
hu'dng phat triln cd
k€'hoach.
Theo tinh

thin
Nghi
Quy^t
VII
cUa
Trung Udng
v^
NQ6 cda
TJnh
Uy phat
triln cdng
nghiep
tlieo hu'dng cdng
nghiep
hda
hi^n
dai hda.
Vi^c
dilu tra danh gia
lai
hi^n
trang
thi^t
hi cdng
ngh|
ciia tJnh la
r^t
cln
tliict,
vfra

phuc vu cdng
tac ISnh
dao
chl
dao cda Tfnh dy
va
UBND
Tinh d6ng
thdi
lam
cd sd cho
vi^c ddi
mdi cdng
ngh^
va
dlu
tu*
cdng
ngh^
mdi
thitc
dly nganh
cidng hghifp
phat triln theo
phu'dng
hu'dng
va
muc
ti^u k€'hoach
chuyin ddi cd cfiu kinh

t^cda
tinh.
Tuy vdy,
dSy
cdng
la
mpt
vlfn
dl
tU'dng ddi
mdi,
cac tlhh
trong
vtlng
hlu
nhtf
chU'a thuCc
hi#n,
thdng tm cung
cdTp tir cac
ngudn cdn han
chS*,
vi^c
chl dao
hUdng
din
cda
h#
thdng doc chU'a cu
thi va cac phuTdng phlp titih toan

cdn nhilu vln dl thu'c
t^'
khdng dap
dmg
dufdc.
Qua
tinh hinh thtrc
tl"
dd Ban chd
nhifm 6i
iki c6
glhg khic
phuc
nhCrag
khd khan dl
U^n
hanh
triln khai dl tai trdn dia
ban
tihh.
PHIN
I.
KHAI
QUAT
llNtt
rtNH KINH
T€
- XA
HOI
liNIt

CIN
THd
& TRiNH DO
C6NG
NGttj:
C6A
MOT
S6
liNH
Giai
do^n
1986-1996,
thdi
k^
ddi mdi
va phlt triln
quan
tix;>ng
cda
nvtdc
ta
lldl
chung
va
cda Cln thd bdi ridng. Cd nhilu
cMnh slch
ddi mdi
du'<;^c th^Tc hi^ti kin dja
ban
tinh.

VI
thi,
nIn
kinh tl' cda tfnh d8 dat
dvttfc
tthllu thanh
tijru qUan
tirpng,
Un
xult ndng
nghiep
di
vao
thi 6n dinh cd nang
sttl't
va chi'i
liTc^ng
cao,
dip ihig
cho
tidu dilng va
xulft
khin.
Do
66,
tir ddi hdi cda
ngiitth
ndng
nghiep va Mp
tfmg nhu

ciu ngtfdi din nh|p dO tXng trurdng
nganh cdng
nghiep va xly dijmg
tang theo blnh
quIn
giai doan 1986-1996 la
l0,45%.
Tir nhang nam
1992 sin xul't
cdng
nghiep dfl bit
dlu dn d|nh cd chilu hu'dng
phat
tridn
thoat khdi ach
tit
trong
sin
xul't kinh doanh cda giai doan
86-91.
Chl
ridng
giai
dofn
1991-1995,
nh|p dd
tang trurdng blnh
quIn
nganh cdng
nghiep

xly
dufng la
17,96%/nam.
Nhk
chung, gia
tij
tang thdm cda khu
vuTc
cdng
nglii^p
cd tang theo hang
nam,
nam
sau cao hdn ndm
tnTdc,
nhutag
dat tha'p so
kd'
hoach do cd nhilu
va'n 6i
khd khan cln thao gd.
So vdi bao
cao
danh
gia
trinh dp cdng
ngh^
cda tp Hd
chl
Minh

(1994)
h^
thdng thid't b| clc
ngdnh
cda sd Cdng
nghiep
da
sd
cd
k^'
( cd thid't b|
Idn
hdn
100
tudi, d
xl nghiep may
cdng,ci^).
Mdt sd'ndi
cd
nh|p
thid't b| mdi
sin
xul't
tir
nhCTng
nam
1990 nhnng
vln
theo
cac

cdng
ngh^
cCl,
chi cd thay ddi d
mdt vai
b^
ph|n
dilu
khidn.
Tiiy
theo tihig nganh
h$ sdddi
mdi thid't b|
tiT
0
din
67%, ddi mdi nhilu nha't
la
trong nganh may mdc (67%)
Ridng
ddi
vdi Sdng Bd chl
tid'n
hanh danh gia trinh
dO
cdng nghd cda nganh
thitc an gia sdc, do dd
chufa
ndu
diTdc

trinh
dd
cdng
ngh^
cda
cac
nhanh trong
tihh.
Da s6 clc
tinh khIc
cdn
g$p
nhilu khd
kh&n
trong
vi^c thiTc hl^n dinh gii
cdng
ngh^,
nhir Vinh
Long, Vdng
Tau va vln
dang tid'p tuc,
cac
tinh
khIc d
DBSCL
chl mdi
bit
dlu
chu^n

b| bidu mlu thdng tin dl tidn hanh
vide
dilu tra thu
th|p
sd
li^u.
Nhin
chung
cac phUdng phip dinh
gia
chiTa
ddng nha't thid'u clc chuydn gia,
dpi ngd
can bd
am
hiiu
vl cdng
tac nay va
dac bidt
la
thid'u
hin
cd sd
dCf
lidu dd so
sinh.
PHAN
H.
NOI
DUNG VA

PHI/ONG
PHAP
nf
N HANH.
H.l
Myc
tidu :
Danh
gia liidn
trang cdng nghd clc nganh cdng nghidp chd ydu cda
tinh
:
chd^
bid'n mia
diTdng,
xay xat, cd khf,
sin
xul't v$t
Hdu
xly
diTng.
Nlm
sdltfdng,
chi'i
lu'gng
thid't
bj may
mdc cdng
nghd
dl phat huy sd

dijng
sd
hidn cd
lam
cd sd dl cho hu'dng dlu
tiT
ddi mdi cdng nghd,
nhip
cdng nghd
tndi
phd
hdp vdi
tinh hinh
thu'c
td*
cda
tinh.
n.2
NOI
dung
ihifc hi^n :
1.
L|p
thuydlt
minh dl tai dilu
U-a
mdt sd nganh
cdng nghidp chd yd'u cda
tinh
nhtf:

chd bidn
du'dng,
xay xat, cd khf,
sin xul't vat
hd"
^tly
dutig.
2.
Lap bilu dilu tra, thdng qua Ban chd nhidm, in a'n,
tap
hulh.
3.
Dilu tra thu'c
tdcac
doanh nghidp
nha
ntfdc do Sd Cdng Nghidp tieln hanh;
cac
xl nghidp ngoai qudc doanh do
Cue
Thdng Kd thu'c hidn.
4.
Xly dtfng phln mlm xd
1^
may
tfnh, phln tich tdng hdp.
5. Trao ddi hoc
tap
rdt kinh nghidm
cac ^

kidn cda
cac
chuydn gia,
cac
ddn vi
ngoai
tinh.
6. Phdc tra, tdng hdp vidt
bao
cao.
7
Ddng gdp
sCfa
ddi
va hoan
chinh.
n.3
Phiff^g phdp tilTn
hknh:
Tiin hanh dilu tra trdn
cac
doanh nghidp qudc doanh
va cac
ddn v|
sin
xul't
ngoai qudc doanh
t|p
trung trong
cac

nganh: xay xat, cd khf,
v|t
hdn xdy
dtfng.
Sd
hdu
thu thap dtfdc
xd'
1^
tdng hdp trdn
may
vi tfnh
bSng
phln mlm Excel
vdi phidu dilu tra qudc doanh
va
Fox vdi phidu dilu
tra
ngoai qudc doanh.
PHAN
m.
K£T
QUA -
THAO
LUAN:
I.
C6NG
NGHIEP QU6C DOANa
Dl danh
gia

trinh
dd
cdhg nghd cda
cac
doanh nghidp
sin
xul't cdng nghidp
qudc doanh, hdn doanh, cdng
tic
nghidn cdu thu
th^p sdhdu
da
dtf(>c
tidn
hanh d 22
doanh nghidp (DN) trong dd :
-Sanxua'tCdkhf.'2DN.
-
Chd bidn Itfdng
tiiyc,
th^Tc
phlm
:
9 DN.
-
Sin
xul't
v|t
lidu
xay

dtfng
:
4 DN.
- Hoa
chit:
4 DN.
-Chdbidng6:2DN.
- Nganh khac
:
1 DN.
Ndi
dung danh gia
dtf<;<c Uitfc liidn
theo htfdng
din
cda
Bd
KH,CN&MT.
Kdt
qui
thu thlp sd'hdu, tfnh
tban va
phln tich
dinh
gia nhtf
sau
:
A.
v£ TlNH
HlNH

THl^T
Bl CdNG
NGHJ::
I.
E>Qc
diim chung vi
thi^t bi
cda tdi cd cdc
DN:
Hd thdng thidt b| hidn nay cda
cac
DN
sin
xul't cdng nghidp trdn da
sdcdn
lac
hau,
va
do
ntulu
ntfdc
chd
tao
nhtf:
Vidt nam, Ddc,
Nhfit,
My,
Anh, Uc, Dan mach,
Phap,
Trung

qu^c,
Dai loan, Lidn xd
va cac
ntfdc XHCN, Ddng
au
cd,
cac
ntfdc
Ddng nam A Ty trong thidt
bj
do Vidt nam
chd tao la Idn
nha't, chidm 55,07%,
khdi
Tay
Au 5,24%, Trang qudc
2,21%,
Nhat 1,28%,
My
1,42%, Lidn xd vl
cac
ntfdc
XHCN khac
0,329^,
cac
ntfdc Ddng nam
a
1,27%,
cac
ntfdc khac 33,19%.

cac
thidt bi
dtfi^c
san xul't
tiT
nhdng nam
1950 trd lai dly, tudi tmng blnh
la
4,22 nam. Tdng gia
trj thid't
h\
ban dlu cda
cac
DN
la
747.528 tridu ddng. Gia
tri
c6n
lai
la
56,46%. Trong dd gia trj tiiidt b\ ddng
Itfc
chidm 1,52%, gia
trf may
mdc
v|n
chuydn
\k
0,29%.
Doanh nghidp cd gia

tr|
tiiidt
bi ban dlu
Idn nhUt la
:
311.524 hidu
ddng.
Doanh nghidp cd gia trj
tiiidt
bi ban dlu nhd
nha't la
: 160 tridu ddng.
Trang blnh tdng
gii tq
tiiidt
bj
cac
DN
la :
33.978,5 tridu ddng.
Dilu
nay
cho tha'y qui md cda DN cdn nhd bd.
Ddi
vdi
vide
sd' dung thidt bi,
cac
DN da huy dpng tiiidt bj
vao sin

xul't dat
98,09%
gii
trj tiiidt hi.
Day la
kdt
qui
cda
vide
td
chtfc sip
xdp lai
day
chuyin
sin
xul't
trong qua trinh chuydn ddi cd
chdtir
t|p
trung quan hdu bao
cip
sang cd chd tiij
trtfdng.
cac
thidt
b\
khdng cd nhu
ciu
sd dung hoac sd dung khdng hidu
qui

dtfdc
cac
DN thanh
ly
loai bd.
Nhdtig
thid't bj,
day
chuyin cln dlu ttf
hoan
thidn
hoac ddi
mdi dd nlng cao ndng
sul't chl't
Itfdng ha
gii
thanh
sin
phlm
da
dtfdc quan
tim
dlu
ttf
cii
tao, nlng
ca'p.
Hd
sdddi
mdi dat dtfdc

47,10%.
Vide
khai thac huy dpng cdng sul't
miy
mdc thu'c
tdmdi
dat 86,79%. Nguydn
nhan
la
do thi trtfdng tidu thu khdng dn djnh, cd
Idc phii
tang gid tang ca
sin
xul't,
cd
Idc
khdng cd vide
lam.
Mdt sdDN sin xul't
cdn phu thudc nhilu
vao
thdi
vi^.
vl dac dilm cdng nghd.
Hidn
nay
cac
DN dang
sin
xul't dtfdi

cac
trinh
6^
cdng nghd
^Ic
nhau
nhtf:
- Thd cdng
ban
cd khi
(XN
chd bidn
h?t dilu)
- Cd khf hoa timg khau,
timng
cdng doan ( XN xi mdng )
-
Sin
xua't theo
day
chuyin cd khf hoa lidn
|ioan
(
Day
chuyin
sin
xua't ntfdc
ngpt cd cdng ty
rtf<;^u
bia ntfdc

giii
khat
H^u
giang)
- Ttf ddng
va
ban ttf ddng (
Day
chuyin
sin
xul't bao bl PP )
»
Trong
tirng xf
ngtiidp
cdng dan xen
cac may
mdc vdi trinh
dd
cdng nghd
khac
nhau. Chlng
h^n
Cdng ty Cd khf didn
may
Cln thd,
cac
tiiidt b| clt tdn vln ddng
thidt bi thd cdng
ban

cd khf,
cac may
cdng cu d
d^ng
cd khf hoa. Ddy chuyin
sin
xul't bao bl
cac
tdng tiiudc dang cd khf
hoa tdtig
khiu.
Day
chuyin
sin
xul't dxy
sin
xult d dang cd khf
hoa
hdn
hoan,
cd
khiu
da dtfdc ttf dpng hoa.
Hlu hdt clc tiudt bi,
may
mdc hidn tai dlu tiiudc tiid hd 2,
nghift la
ddng
Itfc
kdo

la cac
ddng cd didn hay xang dlu, tiiidt bi dilu khiln
la
tiiidt bj didn tir.
Da
cd 1
sdmay va
dly chuyin
sin xul^t
ttf ddng
va ban
ttf ddng, thidt hi dilu khiln
la
didn hi'
ban
din.
Cac may va day
chuyin
nay
ttfdng ddi hidn dai, song cdn chidm ty
Id
tiiljp,
mdi dat 6,75% ty hong tiiidt bj.
Qua thdng kd phan tich, tinh
toan
phln loai
thi:
- Thidt bj
tdt: 8,72%
- Thidt

b|
kha: 83,92%
- Thidt b| hung blnh
:
7,36%
( Thidt bi tdt, kha, hung blnh dtfdc danh gia tiieo
cac
tiidng
sd:
hinh dd
tftidt
bi,
trinh
dd mat
hang da
sin
xul't, chl't Itfdng dat dtfdc,
hd sdkhl
dung cda tiiidt
bi)
Nhin
chung thidt b\ cda
cac
DN
d^i
da sd do Vidt nam
sin
xua't, cd ca'u
t^o
va

nguydn
1^
lam vide
theo
cac
thd hd
may
cd ndn dd tudi hung blnh cda clc thidt hi
khdng cao,
nhtfng
vl mat cdng nghd till da qua lac
h|u.
Sd
thidt bl nh|p ngoai
bin
canh
nhfifng
thidt bi kha hidn dai, cdn cd nhilu tiiidt
bi da lac
h|u
tidu hao nang Itfdng
Idn,
khdng
dap dug
ydu
ciu
chl't
Itfdng sin
phlm.
Mpt sd DN do dlu

hr
khdng cd tiiidt kd cdng nghd
hoan
chinh tir dlu ndn khdng
ddng
bd
vl cdng nghd, cdng nhtf nang sul't
may giCta cac
khau,
cac
cdng doan
gay
lang
phi
(nhtf Cdng ty Bia ntfdc
giii
khat
Cin
tiid).
2.
Mi
vdi cdc
thiit bi ngdnh
cakhi:
May
mdc thidt
bj
cda cdc DN
sin xul't
cd khf ( chd ydy

la miy
cdng cu )
dtf<;lc
sin xul't
tir
nhilu ntfdc khac nhau
nhtf:
Lidn xd cd, Vidt nam, Tidp
khlc,
My,
Nh|t,
Dai
loan Song
sdddng
dtfdc
chdt^o
tai Lidn xd vl Vidt nam
: TJ
trpng
titidt
b| do
Lidn xd cd chidm 30,49%
va
do
Vidt
nam chidm
11,26%.
Da
sdcac
tiiidt b\ dtfdc

sin
xul't ttf
nhttng
nam 1960, 1970. Tudi hung blnh
la 18,9
nam. Tdng gfa
hj
titidt
bj ban
dlu cda cdc tiiidt bj cd
klti
la 2.092 hidu ddng, gia
hj
titidt bj cdn
i^i
la
743 tridu
ddng bllng
35,51%.
Vide
huy ddng
may
mdc titidt bj cd khf
vao sin
xul't mdi
d?t dtf<?c
95,66%.
Day la ty id tha'p nha't
so vdi
cac

nganh cdng nghidp
Ichlc.
Hidn nay
cac
ddn vj
sin
xul't cd khf mdi td
chtfc sin
xul't
mdt
ca. Cdng
vide
chd ydu vin la
sCfa chda
clc
miy
mdc,
hole chd
too
mdt sdphu
tdng phuc vu
sCTa
chfifa,
ndn mdy thtfdng khdng hoat ddng hdn
hjc,
cdng sul't huy ddng
thyTc tdmdi
dat
89,39%
(d

nhffng
nam
1989-1990 cdng sul't sd dung
may chl
dat
50%
)
Vl
hinh
dd cdng nghd cda cdc
titidt
bi
sin
xul't cd khf, dlu
tiiudc
tiid'hd
tiid
2.
Thidt bj dilu khiln
la
titidt bj
didn
tiT.
Ddc didm boat dpng
11 sin
xul't ddn
chide,
cdng doan
tich
rdi, d dang thd cdng

ban
cd khf hoac cd
Idti
hoa. Chtfa cd ddy chuyin
hdn
hoan'ti^
ddng hoac
ban
ttf ddng. So vdi trinh
dd
cdng nghd trang blnh cda thd
gidi hidn nay, nganh cd klti cdn
qua
lac
h|u.
Dd
chinh
xac
gia cdng cda
cac may
cdng cu mdi dat
ca'p
2. Nhung hlu hdt
cac
may
da xudng ca'p, do
qui hinh
sd dung khdng dtfdc
sffa chffa
( tilu tu, trang tu,

d^i
tu ) theo djnh
ley,
ndn dd chfnh
xac
gia edng
chd
tao khdng
d^t
dtfdc ca'p
clifnh xac
ban dlu. Qua danh gia phan
lo^i
kdt
qui
nhtf
sau:
-
tiiidt
bi
tdt 16,15%
-
titidt
bj khi
0%
titid't
bj
hung blnh 83,85%
Hd
sdddi

mdi
titidt
bj va
titidt
bj
hidn dai 0,00%
(khdng
cd )
Tdm lai titidt bj nganh cd khi cda tinh ta hidn tai lac
h|u
vl mat cdng nghd,
kdm vl mat chl't Itfdng, ndn ngdnh cd khf khdng till phat triln vdi
tinh
hang titidt bj
nhtf
hdn.
3,
E)dc
diim cdng
ngh$
cda cdc DN
chi
biin
luamg
th^c,
thifc
phdm :
Hidn nay,
cac
DN

chd bidn
dang
sin
xul't
cac
mat hang chfnh
la
:
- Chd
bidn
itfdng
tiitfc
(chd
ydu
la
xay
xat gao)
- Thtfc phlm ddng lanh
(tiijt,
cl, tdm xul't
khiu
)
Chd bidn
rau
qui
xul't
khiu
Sin
xul't ntfdc udng ( bia, ntfdc ngpt, rtfdu nhe cd ga )
- Thidt bj ddng trong chd bidn cdng do nhilu ntfdc khac nhau chd

tf
o nhtf :
Vidt nam,
Nh|t,
Dai
loan.
Thai lan, Trung qudc, Dan mach,
Han
qudc, Dd'c, Anh,
My Trong
66
ty
hong hang thidt bj do Vidt nam chd tao
Idn
nha't chidm 87,63% ,
khdi Tay
Au chidm 3,15%
Thdi gian
sin
xua't
tir
1959
ddn nay,
hidi
hung blnh
la
2,73 nam. Gia
tq
titidt
bj

cdn lai
\k
262.335
hidu
ddng
bftng
66,94% gfa hj ban dlu. Gil hj
tiiid't
bj tiiam gia
sin xul't
d^t
97,51%.
Cdng
sul't
huy ddng
tiitfe
tdia
84,17%. Ydu td
Inh
htfdng
chhih
ddn cdng
suiit
huy ddng thtfc td
la
tiij htfdng tidu thu khdng dn dinh
va sin
xul't cd
tfnh thdi
viji.

Hidn nay
cac sin
phlm chd
bidn
ndng
sin
thtfc phim
gin hin
vdi xul't
khiu,
ndn ydu
ciu
chl't itfdng
sin
phlm cao.
Cac sin
phlm
phi^c
vu
ndi
dja cdng cd
sif
canh tranh gay
git
vl
chl't
ltf<fng,
hinh
dang, miu md, bao bl,
VI v|y,

cdng vdi xu
htfdng
nhip
ngoai
titidt
bj
hidn
d^i
ddng bd,
cac
DN da chd
f
nhilu ddn ddi mdi titidt
bj.
Tuy nhidn, do khd khan vl vdn dlu
hT,
ndn dd hd
sd"
ddi mdi
tiiid't
bj dat 75,73%
nhung
ty
hong
titid't
bj
hidn dai
chl
dat 7,38%.
Qua phln loai danh

gia
thi:
- Thidt
bj
tdt 6,30%
- Thidt bj
kha 84,28%
- Thidt b| trang blnh 9,42%
Vd
d4c
dilm cdng
nghd
'
- Bdi vdi cdc titidt bi
chd"
bid^n Ida
gao :
cac
thidt bj
nay
dai da sd do Vidt nam chd
tao.
Ridng
hd
tiidng sa'y hat cda
nha mdy
sa'y
hat
va mdt sdmly
xay

xlt,
dinh
bdng,
tich man
cda nha mdy Con
rdng
la
titidt bj
nhip
ngoai.
Cac
titidt bj dtfdc chd tao chd ydu
vao
cudi nhffng nam
1980
ddn 1995. Ddc didm vl cdng nghd
1^
sin
xua't tiieo dly chuyin cd khi hdn hoan, d
mdt sd^khlu
cdn tiid cdng. Nha
may
Con rdng tiiudc Cty Itfdng tiitfc
Cin
thddlu hr
miy
tdch
man
cda
Nh|t la

titidt
bj hTdng
ddi hidn dai.
cac
titidt bj xay xat do Vidt nam chd tao vl
d$c
tinh ky tiiu|t cdng
hTdng
dtfdng vdi thid't bj nh|p, vl
dd bin
cd kdm hdn; nhung
gia may chl khoing
2/3
miy
cdng
lo^i
ngoai
nh|p.
Chl't
itfdng gao xay xlt
dim bio
tidu
chhln
gao xult
Ichlu.
Mat ydu cda tiiidt bj
chd bidn lud
gao
la buj va
tidng dn

Idn.
Nhidt
dd
vl mdi
htfdng
lam vide
cda cdng nhdn vin chtfa
bio dim
theo quy djnh.
Nhin
chung thidt bj chd bidn Itfdng thtfc phd hdp vdi
hinh
dd cln bd, cdng
nhin
cdng nhtf dilu kidn khd khan vl vdn hidn nay,
va
dap dug dtfdc ydu
ciu
vl chd
bidn gao xul't
khiu.
- Cdc titidt bl chd bidn tiitfc phlm. rau qud ddng lanh ;
Hidn nay
tliih
ta cd ba DN
chd bidn
thtfc phlm ddng lanh
la
:
- XN rau

qnl
ddng
l^nh
Cin
tiid.
- XN
chd
bidn tiidy sdc
«ln
xult
khiu
Cln tiid CAFATEX
- XN
chd
bidn tiidy sdc
isin
xult
khiu
CATACO
LtfU trinh
sin
xult gdm
cac
khdu :
-
Lam
sach,
xd'
ly
phan

loai thtfc phlm.
r
Ddng
l^nh
- Ddng gdi dtfa
vao ktio bio
qudn.
Thidt bi ddng lanh
ci\a cac
XN chd ydu do Nhlt,
Dtfc,
Oc
sin
xult
vao
nhffng
nam 1977-1978 ;
1986-19R7 va
1990-1991.
Day la cac
titidt bj ddng khdi, tiidi gian
ddng kdo
dai,
ndn tidu
tdtii
nang Itfdng didn cao, tang hao
hi^t sin
phlm,
chit
Itfdng

sin
phlm gidm Inh htfdng ddn
vide
tidu thu
sin
phlm.
Do qua
hinh
chd bidn chd ydu
la
thd cdng, ndn sd' dung nhilu lao ddng.
M^t
bkng sin
xult cda cdc xf nghidp cdn
chip
va, didu kidn
vd
sinh thtfc phlm cdn nitilu
han chd. Vl mat mdi
tra'dng cac
DN chtfa cd hd tiidng sd
ly
ntfdc tiili, ndn
gay
d
nhidm cho mdi trtfdng chung quanh.
Nam
1996,
XN chd bidn tiidy sdc
sin

xult
khiu
Cln tiid da dlu hT hd tiidng
thidt hi ddng
l^nh
rdi, adn
khIc
phuc dtfdc
mdt
sd nhtfdc dilm cda cdc thidt bi hdn.
- Thidt bi chd bidn hat didu :
XN
chd
bidn hat dilu dang
sin xultd
dang thd cdng
ban
cd khf.
Qui hinh sin
xult tir khdu
xd"
ly,
phdn loai hat, tdch vd, sly, phdn loai
sin
phlm, ddng bao dlu
tiitfc hidn thd cdng
•"'ac
kdt hdp vdi cdng cu
Id
thidt bj cd khf.

cac may mc
hidt
bf
cda xf nghidp dlu do Vidt nam
sin
xult
nam
1993.
Vl
kdt
ciu ttf(tog
ddi dull
giln,
ddng
Itfc
kdo
la cac ddng
cd didn, cd thidt hi cdn ddng
srfc
ngtfdi dilu khiln nhtf tiiidt bj tach vd.
Sin
phlm
cdaxf
nghidp
Id
nhdn dilu sly, ydu
ciu chit
Itfdng khdng phdc tap,
ndn dilu kidn
sin xilt

nhtf hdn vin
dip
dug dtfdc.
VI
vly,
v^dc
duy
hi sin
xult nhtf
hidn nay cda XN chd bidn hat dilu cd
y
nghia
Idn
vl mat
giii
quydt cdng
an vide
lam
cda ngtfdi lao dpng.
(XN
hidn nay cd hdn 500 lao ddng ). Tuy nhidn, do sd' dung
vd hat dilu
Idm
nguydn hdu sly
gay
d nhidm mdi trtfdng.
- Bdi vdi cdc thidt bl sdn xult ntfdc udng :
Clc
DN qttjc
doanh

sin
xult ntfdc udng cd 2 ddn vi
Id
cdng ty Rtfdu bia ntfdc
giii
khdt
H|u
pm^
vh
cdng ty Bia ntfdc
giii khIt Cin
tiid
Cdng
fv Rtfdu
bia ntfdc
giii khlt
H|u
giang
sin
phlm
chfaih Id
ntfdc ngpt vd
rtfdu
nh^
cd
^lu
T^idt
bi do
Phlp
chd tao

tff nam
1959,
dac dilm cdng nghd
Id sin
xult theo
dli vhuyin
cd khf
hoa
hdn hodn, ttf
khiu
sdc rda chai ddn ddng ndt.
Vide
pha
chd'ddn jjiian
yin thtfc hidn thd cdng. Ddc dilm cda thidt bi
Id dS
qud cd, khdng
ed phu
tij
ng
tHay
tiid, ndn hay htf hdng ty
Id
chai vd
Idn.
8
Thidt bj cda cdng ty Bia ntfdc
giii
khat Cln tiid do nhilu ntfdc chd tao nhtf :
Vidt

nam.
My, Phap, Bungari,
Nh^t,
Trang qudc, Dd'c. Thidt bj cd nhlt chd tao tir
ndm 1966, cdc tiiidt bi chfnh do
Nh|t,
Dd'c, Trang qudc chd tao vdo cdc
nam 1991
-
1995.
Dac
thih
cdng nghd
Id sin
xult tiieo ddy chuyin cd khf hdn hodn, hong dd cd
cac
tiiidt bj hidn dai da dtfdc ttf dpng hda
nhtf:
may dan nhSn
vd bjt dlu chai cda
dSy
chuyin
sih
xult bia. Cdng ty
Id
DN tiitfc hidn ddi mdi tiiidt hi
Idn
nhlt trong tiidi gian
qua, hd
sdfddi

mdi dat 87,59%, cao nhlt so vdi Clc DN hong
tinh.
Ty tn?ng
titidt bj
hidn dai
Id
2,08%. Nhtfdc dilm cda ddy chuyin
la nang suit cac
tiiidt bj hong
day
chuyin Ididng ddng bd, cd
may 1dm vi|c
khdng hdt cdng
suit
din ddn
lang
phf vdn
dlu ttf. Thidt bi do nhilu ntfdc chd tao ndn sd phd'c tap hong cdng
tic
sffa chffa vd
phu tiing thay tiid, ehi phf sffa chffa sd tdng.
Vl mat vd smh thtfc phlm, mdi trtfdng
lam vide
cda cdng nhan d 2 DN ndy
hTdng ddi tdt. Ridng cdng ty Bia ntfdc
giii
khlt Cln tiid da xly dtfng hodn
chlhh
hd
tiidng

xffiy
ntfdc
thii.
4.
Ddc
diim
cSn^
ngh$
cda cdc DN sdn xudt
Vdt
li$u xdy dung :
Qua
khio
sdt 4 ddn vj
sin
xult vdt
hdu xay
dtfng :
- Trang tdm
sin
xult tdn ma mdu
- Xf nghidp
i^hai
tiidc
dd
cat
- Cdng ty
sin
xult
kmh

doanh
v|t
hdu
sd 2
,
- Nha
may
xi mang Cln thd
Titidt bi
may
mdc cda
cac
DN trdn do nhilu ntfdc
sin
xult nhtf Vidt nam, Lidn
xd,
My, Nh|t, E)d'c, Trung qudc,
Dai
loan. Thidt bi cd nhlt dtfdc chd tao tir nam
1965,
hidi
teung blnh cda titidt bj Id 7,08 ndm.
Ty
hong tiiidt bj do Ddi loan chd
t^o
dattdi
97,01%
Id Idn
nhlt.
Tdng

gia hj titidt bj ban dlu cda
cae
DN
sin
xult
V^t
hdu
xdy dtfng
la
318.168 hidu ddng, Gia
hi
tiiid't
bj
cdn lai
Id
133.151 tridu ddng blng 41,85%. Gid hj
titidt bj tiiam gia
sin
xult dat 99,08%. Dac dilm
sin
xult cda cdc DN
sin
xult
V|t
hdu xdy
dijmg Id
phi^
thudc vdo thdi tidt. Nhjp dd
sin
xult thtfdng

ting
vdo mda khd,
gilm
vdo mda mtfa. Bdn canh dd
stf
canh hanh trdn thj tnrdng edng
khi
gay
git,
ndn
cdng
suit
mdy huy ddng hdn thtfc td vin cdn thlp mdi dat 87,82%.
Vl hinh dd
cdng
nghd, hlu hdt
cac may
nghiin, sdc,
sang giu
dlu tiiudc tiidhd tiiff 2. Mdt sd
miy
thudc thd'hd
thff
3
Id miy can
tdn sdng cda Trang tdm chd bidn tdn ma mdu vd cda
Cdng ty
sin
xult vd kinh doanh
V|t

hdu
xly dtfng sd
2.
VI v|y,
bdn canh clc
ho^t
dpng cd gidi cda mdy mdc thidt
b|
Id
cdc thao tdc thd cdng cda ngtfdi lao ddng.
Vide dlu
hr
ddi mdi cda clc DN hdn cdn
qui
han chd,
hd
sd ddi mdi
titidt
bj
mdi dat 0,03%. Qua ddnh gid phln loai till:
- Thid't bj
tdt
"
0.58%
- Thid't bj khi
98,03%
9
- Thidt
bj
hung blnh 1,39%

vl dilu
Iddn
vd mdi htfdng
Idm
vide cda cdng nhdn
(ngoai
hir cdng nhdn
can
sdng) hidn cdn
hfdng
ddi
n$ng
nhpc. Dly chuyin
sin
xult xi mang nhilu
bul
vd
tidng dn nhung chtfa cd hd thdng
xff ly
mdi trtfdng
5.
Ddc
diim
cSrtg ngh(
cdd cdc
DNhda
chdt -
nhi/d:
Clc
hd

tiidng
mdy hda nhtfa
6v((^
khdo sdt
gdm:
- Ddy chuyin sdn xult
xd
bdng,
sin xUlt
phln bdn
hoi chit
vd
dit
ddn cda Xl
nghidp
phln
bdn hda
chit Cin
thd.
-
Hd
thdng mdy
sin
xult dxy vd Aeetylen cda Cty Cd khf didn mdy Cln thd.
- Dly chuyin
sin
xult bao bl
PP
cda Nhd mdy bao bl PP.
- Cdc mdy cda Cty

Nhi^a
Cln tiid.
- Thidt
bj
mdy mdc cda Xi nghidp Lidn hidp
Dtf<;fc
H|u
giang
Cdc
titidt
bj
chfnh trong
sin
xult hda nhtfa do Vidt Nam, Lidn xd cd, Dd'c, Ddi
loan,
Hdng Kdng
chd tao
tir
ndm 1984 hd lai ddy. Tudi trung blnh cda cdc
titidt
bj Id
4,06 ndm. Gid trj thidt bj cda cdc ntfdc
Tly
Au chd tao
Id Idn
nhlt chidm 29,9%.
Trung qudc chidm 25,73%. Cdc ntfdc Ddng nam A chidm
25,07%.Thidt
bj do Vidt
nam

clidtao Id
10,54% cdn lai
Id
cdc ntfdc khdc. Gid tri ban dlu cda clc titidt bj
hoi
chit,
nhtfa
Id
24.932 hidu ddng, gid hi cdn lai
Id 15.687
tridu ddng bdng 62,92%. Gid
hi
titidt
bi huy ddng
tiiam
gia
sin
xult dat 98,06%.
Trinh
dd
cdng nghd cda ngdnh hod nhtfa edn khdc bidt nhau :
- Da
«d
titidt
bj d tiid hd 2 nhtf titidt bj cda Nhd mdy phdn bdn hod
chit
Cln
Thd,
titid't
bj smh khf Aeetylen,

mdt sd
titidt
bi cda Cty Nhtfa do Vidt nam
sin
xult
Dac didm cda nhdm thidt bj ndy
Id
cd thidt bj
sin
xult theo
day
chuyin cd khf hda
hdn hodn, hodc cd khf hod
tffng
khdu, timg
may
tdch rdi; xen
kd Id
cdc thao tdc thd
cdng cda ngtfdi lao ddng. Dilu kidn mdi trtfdng
1dm
vide cda cdng nhdn
gin
vdi thidt
bi hdn cdn ndng bui, dpc hai.
- Mdt
sdmay
tiiudc tiidhd
3
nhtf

hd
tiidng
titidt
bj
sin
xult 6 xy, mdt sd may
cda Cty
Nhi^a Cin
Thd do Hdng kdng, Ddi loan
sin
xult. Cd
ciu
dilu khidn cda cdc
thidt b| hdn
Id
titidt bj bdn din.
Mdt
sd khdu hong hoat ddng cda
titid't
bj dd
dtfqlc
didu
khidn hr
ddng.
- Mdy tiiudc tiidhd tiiff 4 cd
(hd
tiidhg tao
8<^i,
titidt
bj ddt, hdng mdng

Uing )
ddy chuyin sdn xult bao bl PP.
d
cdc mdy hdn dd
dvt^c
hr ddng hda vd dilu
khldn
bdng Vi
xd*
ly.
Hoat ddng cda mdy
dtf^c
kidm
sodt,
vd sd cd tdc ddng dimg
khi
cd
hue
h$c,
ho$c
cdc thdng
sd*
khdng
chdvtf<;ft qud'quy
djnh, cdng vdi tdc ddng ddng,
hd
thdng
iddm
sodt cdng xdc djnh htf
hdng

vd htfdng
xd*
ly.
tfu
dilm cda
titidt
b j Id
:
-
Ki't ciu
cd khi
ddn
giln dilu khidn timg bd
ph|n
tdch rdi.
10
- Sai
sdcho
phdp d clc hd thdng rlt nhd, vf du : nhidt
dd
d
hd
tiidng tao
sdi sai
sdchi Id O.l^C.
Trong khi dd d mdy Ddi loan
chd
tao tdi
10°C.
- Hd tiidng dilu khiln tdc ddng chfnh xdc.

Thid't bj mdy mdc cda XNLH Dtfdc dtfdc dlu ttf chd yd'u vdo nhffng ndm
1990-
1995.
Mdt
s^ft
dlu ttf trong nhffng
nam
1980 vd vdo ndm 1976. Da
sd
titidt bj d tiid
hd 2 vdi dac didm
Id
ed khf hda hodc chuydn mdn hda dl dap
Htng
theo ydu
ciu
cda
ngdnh
sin
xult dtfdc. Mdt sd thidt bj d tiid
hd
3 da dtfdc ttf ddng hoa hodc
ban
ttf
ddng
(nhtf cac may
ddng nang, ddng gdi cda
Y va
Dai loan
chd

tao ) Bdn canh dd
vin cdn 1
sdft
titidt bj d
danfe
tiid cdng ban cd khf. Cdng tac
vd
sinh tiitfc phlm,
vd
smh mdi trtfdng cdng nhtf dilu kidn mdi trtfdng 1dm
vide
cda cdng nhdn da
dtf<;*c
xf
nghidp quan tdm tiitfc hidn kha tdt.
Nhin
chung, tiiidt bj
may
mdc cda xf nghidp da
dip dug
dtfdc ydu
elu
tdn tai
va
phat hiln cda xf nghidp hong thdi gian qua. Song do
ydu elu ddi hdi cao cda ngdnh dtfdc vl
chit
Itfdng
vd
shih,

ndn cln sdm tiiay tiid clc
titidt bj
may
cdn d dang tiid cdng bdn cd khf. Tdng ctfdng cdng nghd ttf ddng.
Vl edng
tac
ddi mdi titidt bj cda cdc DN hda - nhtfa
nhin
chung cdn han chd,
hd
sd
ddi mdi tiiidt bj mdi dat 2,02%.
Qua danh gia phdn loai titidt bj till:
- Thidt bjh5t
64.73%
- Thidt bj
kha 15,08%
Thid't bj trang blnh 20,19%
Nhin
chung vl dilu kidn, mdi trtfdng
lam vide
cda cdng nhan da sd cdn chtfa
dim bio
theo quy djnh
(vl
nhidt dd, bui,
Idti ddc
).
Mdt
sdhd thdng

may
cdn
gdy
d
nhidm ndng nhung chtfa cd bidn phlp xd
ly.
6.
E>dc
diem cdng
ngh^
cda DN che bien gd :
(XN
tiid cdng
my
nghd Mdko, Cty
Idm sin
Cln
thd)
Thidt bj
chd
bidn gd cda cdc DN hdn do nhilu ntfdc
sin
xult hong dd thidt bj
do Vidt nam
chd
tao chidm
ty
hong
Idn
nhlt

Id 37,51 %,
Cdc ntfdc Ddng nam
a
chidm
35,94%,
Nhltia
22,19%. Cdn lai
la cac
ntfdc Hungari,
Balan,
My, Phap.
Thidt bj cda XN Thd cdng
my
nghd Mdko dtfdc
chd
tao chd ydu tir
nam 1990
hd lai day, sdft thidt bi
chd
tao htfdc
nam
1975, dtfdc tdn hang phuc hdi dl
sff
dung.
Thidt
b4
cda Cty
Wm sin Cin
Thd
chd

tao tir nhffng
nam
1934 ddn
1954.
Tudi hung blnh titid't bi
la
9,74
nam.
Gil hj titidt bj ban dlu
Id
904
hiiu
ddng,
gid hj cdn lai
Id
544
hidu
ddng bdng 60,04%. Gil hj titidt bj huy ddng tiiam gia
sin
xult
dat 100%.
Thidt bj cda 2 xf nghidp dlu tiiudc tiidhd tiirf 2, dac dilm qua hinh
sin
xult
Id
vffa
kd't hdp giffa
miy
mdc thidt bj vd lao ddng thd cdng. Gd thdng qua mdy mdc
tiiidt bj dtfdc chd bidn ddn mdt

mrfc dd
nhlt dinh
hiy
tiieo dac dilm cda tffng loai
sin
11
phlm, sau 66 nhd tdc ddng lao ddng ky
thu|t
cda cdng nhdn,
sin
phlm
dtf^c
hoan
ehlhh.
Qua danh gia phan loai tiiidt bj till, thidt bj hidn dai khdng cd:
-
Thidt
bj
tdt 20.28%
-
Thidt
bj
kha 2,67%
- Thidt bj hung blnh 77,05%
D$c
dilm cda cdc
thfdt
bj hdn : kdt
ciu
ddn giln, gfa rd, phd

h^p
vdi dilu
kidn
ttidn
nay cda Vidt nam. Khuydt didm chfnh cda mdy
Id
tidng dn
Idn,
dd
chfnh
xdc vd an todn khdng cao.
7.
Ddc
diim cdng
ngh^
cda cdc DN sdn xudt
thu^c
cdc ngdnh khdc :
t
DN dtfdc
khIo
sdt
Id
Xf nghidp
m
Cln Thd
Thidt bi cda Xf nghidp in tdng hdp Cln Thd do nhilu ntfdc chd tao
nhtf:
Vidt
nam.

My, Ddi loan,
Nh|t,
Trang qudc, Dtfc, Lidn xd, Tidp. Thdi gian chd tao ttf
nhffng ndm
1960,1970
vd 1980.Tudi
himg
blnh cda cdc titidt bj
Id
4,19
nam.
Gia trj tiiidt bj ban dlu
la
10.385 tridu ddng, gid tri cdn lai
la
10.089 tridu ddng
bdng
97,J
5%.
Gia tri tiiidt bj huy ddng tiiam gia
sin
xult dat
100%.
Vl dac dilm cdng nghd :
Da
sd
tiiidt bi cda DN dlu d tiid he 2, do dd da lac
hlu. Cdng
tac
ddi mdi thidt hi do khd khan vl vdn ndn khdng thtfc hidn, ridng

nam
1994
xf nghidp cd dlu ttf mdy in Offset Keideiberg do Dd'c
did
tao ndm 1994, mdy
ttfdng ddi hidn dai. Ndu tinh tiieo gid hi, mdy chidm tdi
90,71%
tdng gia hi titidt bj
cda ddn vj.
Qua phdn tich, ddnh gia tiiidt bi
thi:
- Thid't bi hidn dai
(tinh
tiieo gfa
trj) Id
90,71%
-
Thidt
bi
tdt
90.71%
- Thidt bi
klid
dat 6,08%
-
Thidt
bj hung
btoh
3,21%
Tdm lai, tiiidt bi cda Xi nghidp in

Cin
Thd da sd
da
lac
h|u.
Dilu kidn
lam
vide
cda cdng nhdn cdn nhilu mat chtfa dat ydu
ciu.
VI
vdy, ndn cd kd hoach dd
sdm dlu ttf ddi mdi.
B.
DACDIJMV&SANPHAM:
1.
E>dc
diim cda qud trinh sdn xudt sdn phdm :
a.
Nhifag
ddc didm tdc ddng
tdf
phia mdy mdc thidt
bi:
Nhffng ydu td Inh htfdng ddn
sin
phlm tiT phfa mdy mdc thidt b|, trtfdc hdt
Id
trinh dp cdng nghd.
6

22 DN hdn ty trpng tiiidt hi hidn dai chidm 6,75%. Cdc thidt bi
cdn lai da
.sddS
lac hau, vdi dac tinh cdng nghd
1^
sin
xult d dang thd cdng
bin
cd
12
khf
ho^c
cd khf hda tdch rdi giffa cdc nguydn cdng. Clc
sin
phlm
sin
xult hdn ddy
chuydn cd khi
hdn
hoan
chl
cd 12
sin
phlm
va
nhdm
sin
phlm
Cac sin
phlm

sin
xult hdn titidt bj chuydn mdn hda cd 14
sin
phlm. Dilu ndy
chdUg
td da sd
sin
phlm cda clc DN cdn
sin
xult ddn chide rdi rac, tinh ddng nhlt cda
sin
phlm vl
kich thtfdc
chit
Itfdng khdng cao, ndng
suit
tiilp.
Thid't bj cda
cae
DN cd khf
la
vf du. Do hinh
dd
cdng nghd lac
h|u,
titidt bj
khdng ddng bd ndn khdng
chd
tao dtfdc
cac

tiiidt bj
may
mdc cd dp chfnh
xlc
cao,
sdn phlm ddn
Id,
nang
suit chit Itfdng va
tinh ddng nhlt cda
sin
phlm tiilp.
Tronil
dilu kidn titidt bj nhtf hdn, cdng tdc ddi mdi tiiidt bj chtfa
6xi<)c
quan
tdm dlu
hr ddng
mtTc,
hd sdddi mdi
hiy
dat
47,10%
nhung
chl Id
gid trj cda
mdt
sdft
mdy. vd
chl

cd 4
sin
phlm vd nhdm
sin
phlm dtfdc
sin
xult theo cdng nghd
mdi,
chit
Itfdng
sin
phlm cd dtfdc ndng
Idn,
song cd
sin
phlm so vdi
chit
Itfdng
sin
phlm ciing loai
sin
xult hong ntfdc cd phln cdn kdm hdn. Vf
dij
hdi Oxy cda Cty Cd
khf didn mdy, sau ddi mdi tiiidt bj
dd
tinh
khidt tiing
Wr
92%

Idn
99,5%, hong khi dd
Oxy cda nhilu nhd mdy khde dat 99,8%.
Ydu
td
thidt
bj
cdng nghd
lac
h|u
cdng
1dm
cho chi phf ndng Itfdng vd tidu hao
nguydn
v|t
hdu
tdng. Nhffng nguydn nhan chfnh
gly
tidu hao nguydn nhidn
hdn
gdm:
- Cdng
suit
dpng
Itfc
kdo
miy
cua thd
hd may
cd bao gid cdng

Id
hdn thd
hd
may
mdi ciing
losii.
- Do cdng nghd lac
h$u
ndn thdi gian
ch|'
bidn kdo ddi, chi phf ndng Itfdng
tdng hdn, ddng thdi gly hao hut
sin
phlm gilm
chit
Itfdng. Vf du thidt bi ddng lanh
cda xl nghidp
Ran
qda ddng lanh hidn tai so vdi tiiidt bj
tidn tidn
cdng ndng
suit
till
cdng
suit
ddng cd kdo mdy
Idn
hdn
15%,
qud

hinh
dp ddng kdo ddi hdn 1/4 thdi
gian,
din ddn hao hut
sin
phlm
tir
3-5%.
-
d
cdc thidt
bj
cd, cdng nghd lac
h|u,
ty
Id phd
phlm cao, hodc
sin
phlm cd
pavia (cdc phln thffa
phii xff
ly loai bd d
sin phlni
)
Idn
1dm chi phf ndng Itfdng,
nguydn
hdu
hdn ddn vj
sin

phlm tang.
Thi
hidn hong mdt sd thidt bj
sin jtult
sdn
phlm
nh^Ta,
hong xay xdt gao, ty
Id
gao giy tdng.
- Do dac didm
sin
xult thd cdng, Ididng theo dly chuyin cd
Idif
hdn hodn, clc
ti:dii bj sin
xult hd din ddn nguydn
hdu
tiilt tiiolt do
btil
vd rdi rdt
khi
v|n
chuydn
tir khdu nly sang
khiu
khdc
(cdng
doan khac )
1dm

hao
hi^t
nguydn
hdu,
bdn thdnh
phlm vd gid
tiianh
sin
phlm tdng. Dilu
nay
chdng ta thly rd hong
sin
xult xl
ihlng,
phdn NPK, hong
chd bidn
gao
Ngodi ra mdt sd ydu td khdc cdng Inh htfdng ddn tidu hao nguydn
hdu,
nang
Itfdng
nhtft
Nang
suit may
hong
cac
day chuyin
sin
xult khdng ddng bd giffa
cac

cdng doan,
nhtmg
mdy dtf ndng
suit
sd cd
1
Itfdng nang Itfdng tidu tdn vd fch. Vf du nhtf
cdc
mdy
13
hong ddy chuyin
sin
xult
bia
cda Cty Bia ntfdc
giii khdt
Cln
Thd (mdy sdb tffa chd)
ndng
suit
S.OOO
chai/
gid,
mdy
chidt ddng
ndt, vd mdy
ddn
nhdn
12.000 chai/gid)
- Ddn

ra
Ididng dn
djnh^
din
ddn chi phf nang Itfdng
Itfu
kho cao ( 6ii Vdi
cdC
sin
phlm ddng
lanh)
- Bao bl khdng dd Itfdng cln thidt so vdi cdng
suit
miy,
cdng vdi khdu tidu
thu
sin
phlm
ch|m,
din ddn
may
chay khdng hdn
ii^e,
1dm
chi phf ndng
ItiCt^ng khdl
ddng
mdy
tdng
(hong sin

xult oxy hidn nay).
b.
Ttf phid
nguvdn
hdu ;
Nguydn
hdn phi^c vtji sin
xult cda DN hidn nay
dtf^c
cung dp tir
2
tt^dn
t
nh$p
ttf
ntfdc
ngodi
vd
cung dp hong ntfdc.
Dd) vdi nguydn
hdu nh|p ngo^i
: Do chfnh sdch md cda cda Ddng vd nhd
ntfdc ta ndn nguydn
hdu nh|p ngofii
dai da sd
dtfdc
cUng dp dly dd vl sd
Itfdng
vd
chit

Itfdng tiieo ydu cln cda DN.
Tinh
hang khan hidm nguydn hdu, nguydn
UdU
khdng ddng ydu elu vl cd
bin
khdng cdn nffa. Dly
Id thu|n ldi
di DN nlng cao
ndng
suit chit Itfdng sdn
phlm.
Cdc
nguydn hdu trong
ntfdc:
Ddi
vdi nguydn
hdu Id
Itfdng
tiitfc^
gia sdc
mdt
sd
da dtfdc quy hoach vdng
nguydn
hdu,
hodc cd stf
did ttf hd
hd cda DN, cda nhd ntfdc
vdi ngtfdi nudi hdng

ndn dd ddp
dng dtfdc cho
sin
xult nhtf
Ida,
gao, heo, gd vjt xult
khiu.
Khd khdn
ludn nay
Id
chtfa
phdt
triln nhanh chdng cdc gidng cdy, con phd hdp
vdi
chit itfdng
xult
khiu,
dd cung dp thda mdn cho phdt triln nguydn
hdu VI v|y,
cdc
hdp ddng
xult
Idilu
vin
phii dura vdo khi
ndng cung dp nguydn
hdu
6i ky.
Ddi vdi
sin

phlm tdm, cl,
h^t
dilu
xult khiu
chdng ta ehtfa
dn
djnh
dtf^c
vdng nguydn
tidu
tai
chd,
md
vln
phdi mua
tir
cdc
tinh
ban, ndn khdng
dn djnh
vl sd
Itfdng gfa el gdy nhilu
Idid
khdn cho
sin
xult
Nguydn
hdu
cung dp cho
chd bidn

cd
tff
97,52% ddn 100% cung
dp
ddng
chit
Itfdng.
2.
M^t
sdddc
diim cda cdc sdn phdm
hi$n
nay:
Tir d$c
didm vl
nguydn lidu
vd cdng nghd til ndu hdn, d 22 DN vdi 6
nhdth
ngdnh
nghi
khdc nhau da
iiln
xult
dtf^c
35
sIh
phlm vd nhdm
sin
phlm clc
lo^i.

D$c didm
hdi
b|t
cdd
clc
slU phitA
nhtf
saU:
-
Sin
phlm
sin xul't ra
cdn ft vl chdng
io$l.
Kldu ding
miu ml cdn ddn didu
chtfa phong
phd.
- S6
sin
phlm
sin
xult ddn
Id
cdn nhilu, nhlt
Id
d ngdnh cd khi.
Sin
phlm
chhih

cda
ligdnh
cd khi vin
Id
sffa chffa, chtfa cd
sin
phlm cd khf cd
chit
Itfdng vd
dp chinh
%Ac
cao.
-
Hdm
lu'dng chit
xdm hong da sd cdc
sin
phlm cdn thlp, thd
hidn d
kidu
ddng miu md cdn
nghdo
ndn,
chit
itfdng
sin
phlm khdng cao, clc
sin
phlm chd
14

bidn hlu hdt d dang sd chd. Tfnh
chit
ddc ddo tinh
xdo
trong
sin
phlm khdng cd,
din ddn
tl Id sin
phlm hdp chuin thlp ( cd 17
sin
phlm vd nhdm
sin phlm
hdp
chuin ).
-
Sin
phlm
sin
xudt theo ddy chuyin lidn hodn vd trdn thidt hi chuydn
mdn
hda cdn it.
- Cdc
sin
phlm xult
khiu
hidn nay chd ydu
Id
Itfdng thtfc, thu'c phlm, song
hiy

cdn xult d dang nguydn
lid".
C vi LAO
DONG
VA HlBU QUA
SAN
XUXT
KINH
DOANH:
1.
Ve lao
ddng
:
Cd du ddi ngd lao ddng ( lao dpng
quIn
ly,
can
bp dai hoc, tmng hpc, cdng
nh5n
bSc
cao) cda cdc DN rdt khdc nhau. Xdt hdn tffng
hnh
vtfc chdng ta thly:
a. Bdi vdi cdn bd
nlidn
vidn qudn
IV
vd lao ddng cd trinli do dai hpc :
Cd thd phdn ra 2 loai pN dd xdt, vl cd du lao dpng
quIn ly

so vdi cdng nhdn
Id
: DN hoach todn dly dd ( bp mdy qudn
ly
hodn chinh ) vd DN hach todn bdo sd
(bp mdy quan
ly
khdng dly du ).
- Ddi vdi DN hach todn dly dd, ty le cdc cdn bp, nhfin vidn
quIn ly
trdn cdng
nhdn dao dpng tff
4,2%
ddn
33,3%.
Ty
Id
binh qudn
Id
15,45%.
- Cdc DN phu thuoc, ty
Id
ndy dao dpng tff 2,3% dd'n 23,6%. Ty
Id
hung
hhih
Id
10,04%.
Vd
chi phi cho bp mdy

quIn ly
:
- Cdc DN hach todn dly dd chi phi tir 1,2% ddn 7,9%, doanh sd hoat dpng
trong ndm, trung blnh
Id
3,87%.
- Cdc DN phu
tliupc,ty
Ip ndy dao ddng tff 0,1% ddn 2,1%. Trang blnh Id
0,52%.
Hidn nay, chtfa cd quy dinh ndo 1dm chuin dl ddnh gfa cd du vd ty hong cua
dpi ngd cdn bp
nhin
vidn
quIn ly
trdn cdng nhdn, cdng nhtf chi phf phuc vu
quIn ly
Id
hdp
ly.
Song nhdn xdt chung
Id
bp mdy lao dpng
quIn ly
cdn nang nd, kdm hidu
qui.
Tff dd din ddn chi phf cho bp mdy
quIn ly
cdng
sg

tdng. Tuy nhidn, cd nhffng
DN ty hong ndy khd thlp nhtf Cty Phdn bdn hda
chit
Cln Thd ( ddn vj hach todn dpc
ldp ). Ty
Id
lao dpng qudn
ly
trdn cdng nhdn
Id
4,2%. Chi phf cho bp mdy
quIn
ly
Id
1,2%. Xf nghidp Chd bidn hat dilu ( ddn vi phu thupc ) ty
Id
lao dpng
quIn ly
trdn
cdng nhdn id 2,3%. Chi phf cho bp mdy qudn
ly
cda Xf
nghipp
chd bidn Itfdng tiitfc
Trd ndc
Id
0,1% ( ddn vi phu thupc ).
Dfiy Id
nhffng con sd md cdc DN khdc cln
nghidn

cihi
phln dlu dat tdi.( cd thd cdc xf nghidp
do
lao dpng thu cdng nhilu )
vl hinh dp hpc vln cda
Itfc
Itfdng lao dpng :
- Ty hong hdn dai
hoc
dat trang binh 0,03% nhin chung cdn rlt tiilp.
15
1
•! .'• ••'
- Sdcd
hkh
6^
dai hpc
ty
hpng hung blnh
8.09^.
trinh
dd
hung
tip 10,52%»
vl phdn
bd ii^c liift^^ng
ndy
ttil
khdng dlu. Nhffng DN
hliih dd

cdng
nghd
a^tt
*4^t cdo
till
ty
hpng cdn
bd
cd
hinh dO
dai hpc vd trang tip cao, nhffng cd sd
din itttii
ttdhg
vl tiid cdng
till
ty Id
ndy tiilp. Vf
d^
Nha mdy bao bl
PP
cd
hinh
6^
cdng
ttghd
<Jdo,
ndn ty
trpUg can bd
dai hpc cao nhlt
Id

20%,
can bd
hung dp
14,1%
xdp
Vdd
c^c
;
DN cd
t} ti^ng
ca^
bd cd
htoh dd
d^i
hpc
va
hung dp cao. Xf
nghidj)
chl"
bldU lif t
J
dilu,
nf^ngii thA
cdng ndn cd
t} hyng
cln bd
d?!
h^c
1,1%, cln
bd

hung
cip
0,4*
Id
DN cd
t# ttpng
cdn
bd cd
hinh
di^
d$i lipc
vd
hung
dp thlp nhlt
Vl
hi|t chit itfi^ing
cda lao
d^flg
tjudn ly
:
- Nil
ndi
bit
qua
bf dliih gii
cila DN cdng
nhd*
^
kidn da
cIc chuylii gid Id

Da sd
dl dtfdc
ddo
t^o
cd
hd
tiidng,
dtfdc bdi dtfdng
t|p
huln ngln
Ug^y
vl
nhffhg
kidn
tiiffc
quIn ly
chuydn mdn cln
titidt
tiieo
ydu
ciu
ddi
mdi.
Cd nhilu
kkh
nghidm
vd
tiidnh
tii9o
ky

ndng
dng
vdi
td
chd'c quIn ly
vd hkh
6^
cdng nghd
hidn
cd
-
M^t
han
chd:
Thidu kidn
tiid'c
vd
khih hghidm quIn
ly
kkh
id
tiieo
phtfdng
t)hap
tidn
tidn.
Chtfa dp
di^ng
clc
titidt

bj
cdng nghd hidn dai hong
quIn
ly ndn
vide
tiiu thlp vd
xd"
ly
tiidng
tin
phi^c vv quIn ly
dilu hdnh cdn
ch|m
vd
titidu
cWnh
xlc.
.idt ty Id
idn
cac
ky stf
va can
bd cd hinh
6^
d^i
hpc khdng cdn dd kidn
tiid'c
khih
nghidm vd ky ndng dl
mu'c

hidn
hdeh
nhidm cda minh ddng nghia cda ngtfdi ky stf,
ngtfdi cdn
bd
dai hpc
meo
ydu
elu
mdi.
Thtfc
tdhidn
nay ho
chl
1dm
cdng
vide
stf
vi^
ldp di idp
l^i
h^ng
ngay
hong phln
trach
nhidm dtfc giao; sd chju khd hpc
t|p
6i
nlng cao
tilnh dd

say stfa vdi
nghi
ngttidp,
mtfdng
xuydn
dao sau
suy
nghi,
sang tao
hong cdng
vide
khdng nhilu.
Mdt sd vl
kmh
td
khd
khan khdng cd dilu kidn di hpc
mdm
dd ndng cao
hinh
dd,
bin man
lai khdng chju khd
hT
nghidn
cffu h<>c tip
ndn kidn
mffc
khdng
dtf^c

nlng idn
meo
ydu du mdi,
md
ngay cl kidn thtfc dtfdc ddo tao
trti'dc
dly cdng
^mal
mdi**
meo
thdi gian.
b.
Bdi vdi cdng nhdn bdc cao
;
Ty
hpng cdng nhdn
b|c
cao trang blnh
ld,68%,
dly
Id mffc hldng
ddi
mip.
Song stf
phdn
bd
ichdng
dlu, cd 5 DN
khdng
cd

edhg nhdn
b^c
cdo
6i
dim
dtfdng vai
hd dlu
da^,
nith hhflhg
khdu
meiil
chdt,
hpttg
ydu
hdd^
clc td, clc bdng
dd|li cdd
I;,
qui'hMhiinXtiit.
;'/''i.li*^!^^:,
'
% '^-
^^t^'t"''
,
''{f:^^''
'^
Mi Cl^bN td
khi,
khdi
Mt M

clt,
M
t^
m;»ttg
Cdhg hhltt
b^c
cab
did
dj$ii|
itfi
23,3%
d^
28%.
DK cd
ty 14 cdu^hhln
b^c
cdo
Idd httllt ik
Xf
nghldt^
thl'bila My 1
sdc
sin xult khiu
34,8%.
vl
m$t chit ltf<;^ng
cda
ed^g nhin
b|c
cdd:

Db hidu nay chl cd cdng
hhin cd
didn mdi cd htfdng
ddo
t^o
quy
cd;
Cdng
nhin
clc
hgdhh nghi khIc
hlu
hi'i
chl kdm
(-•"
cap
t^i
ch^i vide
ndng
b|c
J^idng;
i|ul
iiti Dit hach bdc
thd
md
chl itdt
theo tiilm
^6n
cdng
tie;

Mdt iixi
nghidp
tri Idfdng meo
sin
phith
Ididng quan
titii
ddti
t^ilg
tid
ndng bac
md
cho cdng nhdn. Ddy
id
nguydn
nhin
nhilu xi nghiep khdng cd thd bac
cao,
hoac
ih(5
b^c
cao
chl nh^m giii
quydt chd dp, cdn Ihu'c
chit
ho khdng c6 kidn
thtfc vd
tay
nghd theo ddng tidn
chnin

quy dinh.
Trong nghd cd didn, cdng tdc bdi dtfdng vd thi ndng bdc dd dtfdc tiitfc hidn
hdng ndm d nhidu DN. Song do cdng
vipc
ndi ho 1dm qua nhidu ndm khdng thny ddi,
ddi hdi vd mat
ky
thuat cdng khdng cao, ndn tiitfc
chit
trinh dp tay nghd cda nhilu
cdng nhdn bac
caothip
hdn so vdi tidu chuin bdc thd cda nhd ntfdc. Mat khdc, sd
cdng nhdn gidi cdng chtfa du'dc cdc DN nghidp ddnh gid dilng dl bdi du'dng vd sd
dung, ndn tdc dung cda dpi ngd thd bac cao cdn ban chd. Tfnh sdng tao, tdc phong
cdng nghidp chtfa trd thdnh ndt dac
trulig
cda thd bdc cao.
Tdm
lai,
Itfc
Itfdng lao dpng d cdc DN dd vd dang ddp dng ngdy mpt tdt hdn
ydu
ciu
sdn xult kinh doanh d cdc DN. Song nhin chung cdn nhidu mat han chd. cln
phii
sdm cd kd hoach
khIc
phuc dl ndng cao
hipii qui

trong
sin
xult kinh doanh
hidn tai.
DI
ddp
dYig
ydu
ciu
stf nghidp cdng
nghipp
hda,
hidn
dai hda trong tiidi gian
tdi,
chdng ta phai tdng ctfdng cl vd
sd
Itfdng lin chdt Itfdng dpi ngd cdn bp cd Irinh
dp dai hpc vd trdn dai hpc cdng nhtf thd bac cao d cdc DN
sin
xult cdng nghidp.
2.
Ve
hi^u
qud cda
.sdn
xudt kinh doanh :
HI
Do hinh dp cdng nghd cda cdc DN cdn thlp, lac hau, ndng
Itfc quIn ly

cdn
nhidu han chd ndn ndng
suit
lao dpng (NSLD) binh qudn cda cdc DN mdi dat
432.651 d/ngdy cdng. Ndi chung cdn thlp so vdi ndng
Itfc
hien cd, qud
mlp
so vdi
cdc
llhh
vtfc
sin
xult ttfdng rfng cda
mdgidi.
Mrfc chdnh lech vl NSLD cda cdc DN khd
Idn.
DN cd NSLD cao dat tdi hdn
1.000.000
d/ngdy cdng. Ddn vi thlp nhlt
chl
hdn 29.000
61
ngdy cdng.
Phdn loai DN tiieo NSLD ta cd :
- DN dat trdn
1.000.000
61
ngdy cdng cd 3 chidm
15%

- DN dat tir 500.000 d ddn dtfdi
1.000.000
61
ngdy cdng cd 5 chidm 25%
DN dat tff
100.000
d ddn dtfdi 500.000 d/ngdy cdng cd 8 chidm 40%
DN dat dtfdi 100.000
61
ngdy cdng cd 4 chidm 20%.
Cdc DN cd NSLD cao dlu tiiupc cdc DN cd hinh dp cdng nghd ttf dpng hda,
bdn ttf dpng hoac cd klti hda nhtf
:
Nhd mdy bao bi PP, XN chd bidn Itfdng thtfc Trd
ndc,
XNLH Dtfdc Hau giang.
luy
nhidn, hinh dp ndng luc
qiiln ly sin
xult kinh
doanh cdng chi phdi
Idn
ddn NSLD. Cdng mat hdng kinh doanh, hinh dp cdng
ngh#
ttfdng dtfdng nhtfng NSLD chdnh
Idch
khd
Idn
nhtf:
Giffa 2 xf nghidp chd bidn Itfdng

thtfc mpt Xl nghidp dat
1.160.994
61
ngdy cdng, xf nghidp kia
chl
dat 551.262
61
ngdy cdng; hoac
mdtxf nghipp
ddng lanh NSLD dat 525.589 d/ngdy cdng, xf nghiep
khdc
chl dat 337 851
d/ngdy cdng.
17
Ldi nhudn cda cdc DN :
Thdi gian qua dl dly
m^nh
sdn xult kmh doanh, cdc DN dl dlu
hr mdi
hodc
dlu ttf
nling
dp midt bj mdy mdc do dd vdn cda nhilu DN da
dtfqlc
nlng
Idn,
song
mrfc vdn cdng cdn chdnh
Idch
nhau khd

Idn.
Ndu
tinh
ty Id
vdn cdc DN dtfdc hang bj
cho lao ddng, ta
miy
DN cd mrfc vdn hang bj cho lao dpng
Idn
nhlt
Id
hdn 300 hidu
ddng/lao
ddng.
- Cd 3 DN cd hdn 100 hidu ddng /lao ddng chidm
15%
tdng sdDN
Cd 6 DN dtfdc hang bj
tir
50 tridu ddng / lao ddng ddn dtfdi 100
hidU
ddng /
lao dpng chidm
30%
tdng
sdDN.
- Cd 6 DN dtfdc hang bj tff
10
tridu ddng / lao ddng ddn dtfdi 50
hidU

ddng /
lao ddng chidm
30%
tdng sdDN.
- Cd 4
D>i
dtfdc hang
bj
dtfdi
10
tridu ddng /lao ddng chidm
20%
tdng
sdDN.
Binh qudn chung cda cdc DN
Id
: 62.620.260 ddng / lao ddng. So vdi ydu
ciu
vdn dd cdng nghidp hda, hidn dai hda
mi
mrfc vdn dtfdc hang bj cdn qud mlp, didu
ndy cdng ml hidn trinh
dd
cdng nghd cda cdc DN cdn lac
h|u.
Vdn cda DN hinh mdnh tir 3 ngudn : Ngdn sdch dp, ddn vj
hr
bd sung, vdn
vay hong vd ngodi ntfdc.
Ty id

vdn DN ttf bd sung chidm blnh qudn 390,8% so vdi
vdn ngdn sdch dp, vdn vay chidm 875,9% vdn ngdn sdch. vdi mrfc vdn hdn, da sd
cdc DN
da,khai
mdc
srf
dung cho
sin
xult kinh doanh trong ndm
1995
cd idi.
Ndu
tfaih
doanh ldi
meo
chi phf
sin
xult
mi
DN dat mrfc ldi nhu$n cao nhlt
Id
Nhd mdy ndng nghidp 9 blng 61,96%.
- Cd 4 DN dat
ty Id
doanh ldi trdn chi phf
tir
10%
ddn 37,85%
- Cd 3 DN dat
ty id

doanh ldi hdn chi phi ddn 9,72%
- Cd 7 DN dat
ty Id
doanh ldi hdn chi phi
tir
1 %
ddn 4,33%
- Cd 4 DN dat
ty
id doanh
l<?i
hdn chi phf
tir
0%
ddn 0,6%
- Cd
1
DN doanh ldi dm.
Blnh qudn
ty Id
doanh ldi hdn chi phf
Id
8,05% nhin chung cdn mlp.
Ty Id
doanh ldi hdn chi phi cda Nhd mdy cd didn Ndng nghidp 9 dat 61,96%
Id
do
sin
phlm cda nhd mdy
Id

gia cdng sffa chffa titidt bj mdy mdc, ndn hong tdng doanh sd
hoat ddng
mi
chd ydu
Id
tidn cdng, cdn chi phf
v|t
hr
titidt
bj ft, din ddn
^ Id
doanh
ldi hdn chi phf cao. Nhtfng do doanh sd cda nhd mdy mlp ( cd
1.332
hidu
ddng /
ndm 1995 ) ndn hidu qud mtfc
tdnhd.
'
Mpt hong nhffng nguydn nhdn din ddn doanh ldi cda nhilu DN mlp
Id
do
ty
id
vdn vay
Idn,
tiln lai vay vd
hi
nd vdn vay dlu dtfa vdo gfa mdnh din ddn ldi
nhu^n

gilm.
18
n.
C6NG
NGHIEP NGOAl QU6c
DOANH
I.DANHGIA
CHUNG
Trong ddt dilu tra ddnh gid ihu'c trang
(Inh lilnh mdy mdc
san
xiill
mdy mdc
thid't
hi cdng nghe ngdnh cdng nghidp ngodi
qud'c doanli
da lidn hdnh dilu tra
klilo
sdt cua 1414 cd sd thupc 6 ngdnh nghd cdng nghidp
CJ
till:
Ngdnh cd khi 248 cdSd
Ngdnh xay xdt 568 cd sd
- Ngdnh san xult ntfdc
giii
klidt 35 cd sd
Ngdnh
sin
xudt dtfdng 435
c(5

sd
Ngdnh
sin xudi
vdt
Upu
xdy dtfng 32 cd sd
Ngdnh
sin
xult ntfdc dd cdy 96 cd sd
Vdi cd du tiidnh phln kinh
tdnhtf
sau :
Hdp tdc xd cd 2 cd sd
- Cdng ty trdch nhidm hdu han 7 cd sd
- Doanh nghidp ttf nhdn 248 cd sd
-Hpcdthdll53cdsd
- Cdc mdnh phln khdc
4
cd sd
Kdt
qui
qua
sdhdu
dilu tra
khIo
sdt c6 nhffng dac didm sau :
7.
Ve quy mo :
Hlu hdt todn bp cdc cd sd san xult ngodi qudc doanh dlu c6 quy md vffa vd
nhd :

a.
Vdn:
Tdng vdn san xult
kinii
doanh cua 1414 cd sd c6 202.381
trieu
ddng, nhtf vay
binh
qudn mot cd sd
sin
xult
chl
cd 143,32 trieu ddng. Trong dd vdn cd dinh cd
186,318 trieu ddng, chidm 92% trong tdng sd; vdn
Itfu
dpng c6 16,062 trieu chidm
8% trong tdng sd.
b.
Lao
ddng:
Tdng
sdlao
dpng cda cdc cd sd cd ddn 31/06/1995 c6 9630 ngudi, binh qudn 1
cd sd cd 7 lao dpng, hinh dp chuydn mdn nghiep vu rlt
llilp.
Trinh dp dai hpc chidm
c6 0,2 %, nhdn vidn ky thudt chidm
1,8%,
cdng nhdn ky thuat chidm cd 9,2%, cdn lai
da

sdld lao^dpng
phd thdng
c. San xult kinh doanh :
Nhin
chung
hlu hdt clc ngdnh
sin
xult dlu dat cdng
suit
mlp
chl
cd ngdnh
xay xdt dat cao, cu
ml:
ngdnh cd khf
chl
dat 30% ndng
Itfc
mdy mdc
midt
bj, ngdnh
sin
xult dtfdng
md chl
dat
17%,
sin
xult
ntfdc
dd

chl
dat 63%,
sin
xult bia, ntfdc
udng cdc loai
chl
dat 57%.
2.
Trang
bi
mdy mdc thiit bi :
Trong 6 ngdnh
nghi
6\t(fc
dilu tra cd
tdng
sd 122 loai mdy mdc titidt bj khdc
nhau : tdng
sdcd 10.833
cdi. Trong dd :
sd
Itfdng mdy mdc titidt bj
sin
xult tal Vidt
nam chidm
71%.
sin
xult tai
Nh§t
chidm 12%, Lidn xd chidm 5%,

My
vd Trang
qudc chidm 2%. Hlu hdt clc loai mdy mdc d dang md cdng nffa cd khf, da sd mdy
mdc da qua cd ky,
chip
wi khdng ddng bp trdn
mdt Itfii
trinh
sin
xult, cd
cai
cd cd
cdi mdi, nhilu tiiidt bj khdng xdc djnh dtfdc ndm
sin
xult Theo ddnh gid dilu ha titi
binh qudn
may
mdc titidt bi dtfa
vho sin
xult trtfdc
nam
1980 cd khoing
11%,
tff
nam 1980 ddn
nam 1990
cd khoing 34% cdn
sin
xult sau
nam 1990 la

55%
- Tdng gid hj mdy mdc midt bj
meo
gid ban dlu id 74.365 hidu ddng, chidm
khoing 37% hong tdng sd vdn
sin
xult kinh doanh cda cdc cd sd
- Tff ndm 1990 ddn nay do ydu
ciu chit
Itfdng cda
sin
phlm gao xult
khiu
ndn
hd
mdng mdy mdc midt bj cda ngdnh xay xdt cd dtfdc dlu ttf trang hi mdi ddng
kl,
cu
ml
frong ngdnh xay xdt hidn nay dd cd 43 ddn mdy lau bdng gao. Vd do mang
Itfdi
didn phdt triln manh ndn nhilu cd sd dd trtfc tidp
lip
ghdp cdc binh ha thd didn
dd phuc vu cho
sin
xult,
3.
Cdc chi tieu vi mdi trudng :
Nhin chung cdc cd sd

sin
xult ngodi qudc doanh do
qiti
md xdy dtfng nhd bd
ndn trong qud hinh xdy dtfng chtfa chd trpng ddn cdng tdc
bio vp
mdi trtfdng,
vd
sinh
cdng nghidp,
Inpn
nay
chl
cd mpt
sdcd
sd vd
sin
xult ntfdc gidi khdt nlm hong npi d
mdnh
phd
cln Thd do cd stf kilm ha chat chd cda cdc ngdnh mdi xdy dtfng hd mdng
xd ly
ntfdc
mii.
Qua kdt
qui
dilu ha cd
157
cd sd cd ntfdc mli ra bdn ngodi gdy d nhilm Inh
htfdng ddn ngudn ntfdc sinh hoat hong khi dd

chl
cd 13 cd sd cd hd mdng xd
ly
ntfdc
mil
nhtfng cdng khdng
dim bio chit
Itfdng ky
mu|t,
5 cd sd cd khf
mii,
cd
184
cd sd
cd
chit
mli rln dd
Id
cdc cd sd
sin
xult dtfdng mfa mli bl mfa, cd 82 cd sd cd tidng
dn dlu chtfa dtfdc xd
ly.
4. Ket qud vi
tyi
ddnh gid tinh hinh sdn
xudt:
Qua tdng hdp kdt
qui
ttf ddnh cda 1367 cd sd

sin
xult thi cd 1.037 cd sd ttf
ddnh gid
sin
xult dn dinh chidm 76%, cd 249 cd sd ttf ddnh gid
sin
xult khdng dn
dinh chidm
18%
vd cd 45 cd sd ttf ddnh gid khdng cdn
khi
ndng tdn tai.
20