mô tả kiến thức và thái độ của người dân 4 tỉnh hưng yên, thanh hóa, vĩnh phúc, phú thọ về biến đổi khí hậu năm 2011

MÔ Tả KIếN THứC Và THáI Độ CủA NGƯờI DÂN
4 TỉNH HƯNG YÊN, THANH HóA, VĩNH PHúC, PHú THọ,
Về BIếN ĐổI KHí HậU NĂM 2011

!"#$%

&'()&*+,&
/0123
456
 
!"" #$%&'()'%*+,-.
/0 %1%&22
34""" "5%%+(6'7*89%,-
3 ":2;<*=22;>6'?*89%
4
78''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''2
2''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''3
9:!'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''3
@ @ AB(,-C%)$(2DE F
@ G =?$.C%)$(2D%(DE F
@ F &'H I
@ I "=%.>?%+(. J
@ J =%K%+( L
@ J @ =%K%+(9,MNOP25?*,Q():2R% L
@ J G 9,2Q&'%S2Q&'.> L
@ J F 22%R%T((2U V
@ J I "=%?M2=2(,W V
@ J J ?22(2U X

@ L <<.2YZ?2($?(& [
@ V <<.2Y2TQ%\ @F
@ X ]K2M9N*=*%R2>^$2%1,:._Z?2($ @I
0''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''2;
 <"""=>'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''2;
G @ A(>$S927,Q2('%1 @[
G @ @ A(>$ @[
G @ G 927 @[
G @ F ('%1 @[
G G :*=*'%1 @[
G F "W$,Q%`$'%1 @[
G F @ "W$ @[
G F G B22%`$ @[
G I "=%.M9,Q%aM9'%1 Gb
G I c22,Q*:*=*22*252 G@
G J "=%9%M(M9 GG
G L YT1%'%1 GG
3''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''00
?:@''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''00
A''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''33
?''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''33
?''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''3A
?B'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''3C
!4@
"
78
 ?(&S.)Q,P-7%2TQH)TYd(2H$
e,Q(2=%K2;R%2*M92fOeK,Q
$52;2TQ%\ ;TgU$\H&-:2;'2e
*N%A-2'2(&>$.eT)Sh#gKS)i)j2S

Y=,Qh%?2H&2?2Y),-2$Y%T,Q
,2%P2 e%#-'%1%T2P&$9)'?g(%=%2'2(#
2;',. ;%2<<,-,?%OP2?Q&%Q-
%=%2'2(k%.?2&>$,2\MP2Sd&$5,Q%KQ&%Q
#)S2<g'%1,-.Q&%Q#)S2<
g'%1,-.%Q%\7%l&$Y
 m(g%K%2;(),Q%=%'%1\H&S%=%QT(
`%e%a;(;^&'H%+(.%)Q%=%TY2K
%+(%T2=%K)'?29)Q$%T. Z<,&
%T%\*N%#gQK222R%>U%kg.
#.^%gTY2K*n7*%+(%T T#S%=%%K%2NT
)(,QTG%=%S$K2)QN$2=%K%+(%T,Q2<$%=%
2%,MR.e2oON&;(2;Td=1

,Q7%RON&
;(2;T2:)(
 6Qd9%(%#..>2;NQFGLb$,:FbbbNT,QGd\
NTS^$_,n"Hpq=<:q@2;TJ.eT)2;'2
 ",<k%>$,&$QZ?2($7%==)Q$K22;T
g%.AN_'$2;`%+(.
YZ?2($2;TTNJbU$d(S?2K2;.<2UTN
bSVr"S$R%%.>eHTNGb%$ DT22T=%+(%=%%&'
('%1.9SU$G@bbS?2K2;.<_Z?2
($%#2>2U)'FK",Q$R%%.>%#2>H@$ DT#S
TNIb<$Gs.^,D.>Z?2($Mt.A* DTRT=
@
%+(":2;<*=22;>6'?*89%C3ES%=%2=%K2;'Mt
H&2?2YTN@V2as$uU$,QTN@V2;?
5%#QvXw "xZU*xdN)y-2;(2Q&'.>,Q$5
2;C2K%KQ&',Q]52;ER.=T$R%%.>_Z?2

($MtH%(T2oFf@J%$,QTU$Gb@bSH2o@Jf[b%$,QTU$
GbVb "=%,nN_)Q"Q](S'(SQA(fZiQS(
#(S($AS=<
DT.N.=T%=T,-*=22;>%TGbbVfGbbX%+(3vXwS
?2K2;';=P22U2'$GK"S2<GG2;?_Z?2($Mt$P2
Q,QIJz?2%P25?*_,ns.^M5"{6TS
,R()|()P2%+(Z?2($Mt*%<$2;T%.>
;%2<<#%*+Z?2($eOH&R,Q2;>(2R%
?":2;<$j%2'd9%(1*#,. "=%KS
Q,QA(*:e,Q(OH&RTY%QK>1*#
,g2=%K%P*.=%2;%$h2,Qg2=%K2-$2Q)HQ
%+(. &'S,%(%#g==%j2>,-
21%f2=Kf2R%Q%+(H,-. H&)Q@,P-
=d(2;`S%#'21%%O=%,-2<HMt%#2=
K,QQ,*n7*^$N$2=%K%+(%T2$52;S
,Q|*H%#g.?*=*2%7*>1*#,.
#ON&;( T,&S%|252Q'%1
4D  EF  G+HI  E&JK  LM  E&N+  OP  KQ.  IRST+  UVI  A  EWI&  SIR  )IX
&.I&Y.XZI&"&[KX"&[&\L]^+HIO_+G&`&abIc,0122'
Z$j%2'
 -Mô tả kiến thức và thái độ của người dân 4 tỉnh Hưng Yên,Thanh
Hóa, Vĩnh Phúc, Phú Thọ về biến đổi khí hậu năm 2011.
-Mô tả 1 số yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến kiến thức và thái độ của người dân 4
tỉnh Hưng Yên,Thanh Hóa, Vĩnh Phúc, Phú Thọ về biến đổi khí hậu năm 2011.
G
2
9:!
2'2'*I&IR&Z.L]G&`&abdKe+,.Efgh



.(Ts$%=%&29?2KSKl$S)7$(S=*MP2
d&>S#S  %=%  ?  27  ON&  ;(  2;T  d&>,Q  -  &  29
27=%2;TTN2(Q_$K2,nS$-O=%A -Q&
2;=7%,=?$222,-$k22(ST222%a-%*
%=%}.?2YTk%2:)(\ %+($K2,R%N_
._2`(KA()SA(<SK%(TSKA%+(.U2&2.(T*+%i
%=%x%)_%=%Y:)H% *H;(%=%>
=%(R(2;'%=%25M9%O=%,-?2K,Q)7$(
2'0'&N+I+i,^+HIO_+G&`&abdKe+,.EfK&.IRfgh
DTmm6'&=~)QMR2(&=>S)HQ%=%
2Q*\S~~2222o.<2,9%#)H(&%+(
$K2,n%j2>SM($K22;Y2=222$SY2%=%2'%M2=
$$K2%=%=%•S>;sM(#S\\,QTA$~
v@w
DTKQ&',Q]52;Z?2($€)QMR2(&
%+(?29s$  d&>S 2• d&>SMd&>S 2Y%d&>
?2Y,Q2;T2:)(._%=%&'H2R',QH2YT‚ vGw
"5%%+(6'?*89%,-eAB(€Biến đổi
khí hậu là “những ảnh hưởng có hại của biến đổi khí hậu”, là những biến đổi
trong môi trường vật lý hoặc sinh học gây ra những ảnh hưởng có hại đáng
kể đến thành phần, khả năng phục hồi hoặc sinh sản của các hệ sinh thái tự
F
nhiên và được quản lý hoặc đến hoạt động của các hệ thống kinh tế - xã hội
hoặc đến sức khỏe và phúc lợi của con người”.v[w
)QMR.K2;Y2=2;.<%+(d&>2TQ%\
(&,R%2DT2(2o,Q2*•Q2;?U$ g.
Q&7%H&;(Td=2;<K)R%%+(2;=P2S.1%OY$k22;S,Q%#MR
2=%K2o%=%TY2K%+(%T
2'3'Rbj)II&VIUkIOHIh
 2TQ%\)Q-52>2;=ƒSn%|2(>$MT=2

$1%*=22NQ292H &'H)Q$1%2N?%#
2;Td&>Mt2*2j%)Q$?2K,Q$R%%.>(2U2;T2
•2
$Q2'.>)QMR#)'2TQ%\(};( ?2K
2;'2e2U2'$TNbSV
b
">2o2„2-%5?*,Q
?(2U,29%KQ&%Q%(T TQ%=%&'H2R',Q
2%P2.*1%2Y*%+(%=%?292;'2S\2
%=%QT(`%,-$52;Q\2;'2-•A%=%
)TYQ*=22N,QTd&>T%=%TY2K%+(%Te
)Q$%T2TQ%\#)'
)QTsK%+(?1Q 2U)'2;T
d&>_$1%K%(TS)Q$%T;= P2 P$)'S ?2 K  $k2 ;= P2
#)' ?2K2;=P2#)'2YT;(%=%.9,%=%,P-
222?(& DT.=T%=T$P2%+(6'?*89%S&'H
%+(?27[bzT%TH&;(S@bz)QT2R' v[w
g'%1\H&%T2P&,?%*=2ONQC%+
&)Q"0
G
,Q]D2("
G
E)Q&'HQ\%+( #)Q MR
2UsK%=%Q2;Td&>2U?1Q
I
 k%.?2d(2;`)Q5O2%(%.TC"0
G
E7%2YT2QTM{
j  U )7 2o &' )? #( 2Y% C\ $ƒS 2( =S  2R
' ES*=;o,Q%&>M{j%P22N,QTd&> v[w DT

.=T%=T==)\212%+(…&(6'"+C!""SGbbVEvVwS
Q$)7 "0
G 
2;Td&>U$GbbJe,72O($1%2R'
TNLJb bbbU$d( 67*=22N"0
G 
2oM{j')?
#(2Y%e2U2;.<LSI2a2P%(%.T$uU$C2;TgU$
@[[bEVSG2a2P%(%.T$uU$C2;T2„GbbbqGbbJE vXw
^$Y%MR.SAA2&T2T^$Y%
,QAM=)TYQ%+&.(Ts$"0
G
S"
I
S
G
0S4"MS
4"M,Qm4
L

†"0
G
*=22N92%=&')?#(2Y%C2(S\SE,Q)Q
sQ%+&T%TH&;(2;Td&> "0
G
%i
M;(2{%=%TY2K%5?*MNOP2O$U,Q%=2‡*
†"
I
M;(2o%=%.e;=%S)'$D21%U2;T;K2K,2(

)YS?29S\2R',Q(2=%2(
†
G
0*=22N2o*H.#,Q%=%TY2K%5?*
†4"M7%M{j2(&%T%=%%P2*=+&5ˆ5C0mE,Q4"f
GF)QMN*l$*j%+(d=2;<MNP2"4"fGG
†4"MM;(2od=2;<MNOP25$
†m4
L
 M{j2;T,2)?%=%?,Q2;Td=2;<MNOP2
$('
2'A'NK^+lb&+iIKQ.^+HIO_+G&`&abh
fmR#)'%+(d&>,Q;=P2#% 
fmR2(&2Q*\,Q%P2)7d&>%#Y%T$5
2;M9%+(%T,Q%=%M,22;';=P2 
J
fmRH%(T$R%%.>T.U2(S2MR*|_%=%
,nP22P*S%=%NTƒ2;'.> 
fmR%&>%+(%=%2s2YQ<U$2;'%=%
,n=%(%+(;=P22&%:DTYMRM9%+(%=%)TQM
,2S%=%?M2=,QTY2K%+(%T 
fmR2(&%KTY2K%+(d=2;<TQ)d&>S
%2;<2\TQ%2;T2R',Q%=%%2;<MA(T==% 
fmR2(&UMP2M`%%+(%=%?M2=S%P2)7,Q
2Q*\%+(2•d&>SMd&>S%=%A(d&>
2'C'NKOPIRKQ.h
‰";M2T*D(D2f#Y?3vXw2YZ?2($f
 A BĐKH có thể dẫn đến 5 nguy cơ lớn: Giảm năng suất nông
nghiệp; gia tăng tình trạng thiếu nước; thời tiết cực đoan gia tăng; các hệ
sinh thái tan vỡ và bệnh tật gia tăng.

1.5.1. Tác động của BĐKH đối với sản xuất nông nghiệp và an ninh lương thực:
%#2=%K)M2;_SUMP2%H&2;sS2,j
DT 2;sS )Q$ 2U& %: )H& )( MH .? Y %H& 2;s   N
_MMNSM2;_%+((M|%S(%\$S)Q$2UNUM
.?S2;&-A%%+((M|%S(%\$
%#NU)Q$2U2\M9S%KS2.K,Q2
%R%T(%+(%=%?27222&>$ 9S)9%S.eT,Q%=%2'
2()'d(?2K,Q$(2 22 5 #S )i )j2S * |
(& Y =S ;‡2YS OH$* $kS MH .?S )Q$ N$UMP2,QMN
)7%+(%H&2;s,Q,25 v@@w
1.5.2. Đối với tài nguyên nước, tài nguyên biển:
?27}$$k,Q5}$%\$(2U 2<
2;Y2%2;\$2;`2;'*Y$,2TQ%\ Q&'%(%A
L
2'$&%:M&N$TY=Q&$K22U_$K2M9,nS$n( #
UQ&MtN_5?*S%%P*%_525S2Q
2A,QMNOP2? k%.?2S2%MY%Mt)Q&%:;P2)H&;(
%=%.?)H&2;&-d(%%=%.?,-(S%=%.?2'#(S
.?5P*Š"K$(2(&%#2>H&)i)j2'$2;`
,QT$n($(S,QY=,QT$n(5SH&#U%T,?%%P*%,Q
2U$H22;TM{j% ;'%=%M5)M5s,Q
M5"{6TSON$-:9,x%N&U$,Qx
%N&?2‹O22U-:9,x%N&)iv@Vw ?27%
.> H,Q * $k ( 2U  %=%  dN M( % $k )P
MH,QTKA(S)Q$$P2:MM92%7*%+($K2M9)TQ2•MN
%`2 o*$k?%#.A2Œ*SN_:%2;|%+(
$K2M9)TQ2•MN
1.5.3. Thời tiết cực đoan gia tăng:
.T;=P2.AH$#,<?1Q2U
d=$1%dH.<2R'%=%M5.U2;'%=%|%(T,QP2)Q

,nd(U$.U=_h%,Q($"R%2(\S)Q$$k2.>H%(T
:S 2 )|% QT # Mt* %<$ ,QOT= ƒ .N s g x NT ,Q
g ,n P2 2P* %+( $K2 M9 %  TQ ;(S 2 22 %i .A .
)TYS 2' 2( ON& ;(2 O&' : ,Q , %K %(T :S )j2 )K
,QY= ‡TQ :P2(%x.A•TY,<M($Y%T=S$kT=SO#
$xS*%<$
1.5.4. Các hệ sinh thái tan vỡ
,MR2U?2KS2(&)7$(,Q%.>H
N _  2N$2R% ,2 ;o,Q ? M 2= ;o2DT - %-
=%( H.9 ;( %=% >;o&'M%i
;o21M%#2>A%%&> m2=.A})TYs)7
V
(YM`%.A%h2N$S-Q&Mt)Q$N_'$2;`
M9%+($K2M95H%|R(%+&,QT5?*,Qs
)72R'S-)TQ%H&S%52;nS%$,Q%=e%&>A%)'*(
h%,Q)'%=%,n%(T:‹-)TQ2R%,2_T(M$:S-)TQ
%$e.h2\$n(% M$:S-)TQK,2e,QT$n(M
MNM$:S-)TQ%52;neOP2?M$:_h%.=%\SM(
5.A%22;hQ&%Q- ,&S%=%)TQM,2$9*=22;>
$K2%=%.<2%\*N%#$K2$52;M9*n7*S2:9
 A ,- ?2 KS K l$S = M=S P2 (S 21% US s %  ,Q
%Ks%=%)TQM,22;T:M9# "a$K22;TgH29
%+($52;M9.A.SMR*=22;>%+($K2)TQM,2QT#
Mt.AN_S2$%%#2>.A?2,TS2n&2K%,QT$1%K.
-(&2
1.5.5. Bệnh tật gia tăng:
s%.A5}$S?2K2US%.>H%(TS)7$(
2(&S2YT-?%T,2;nS,l*=22;>S$u(2U
%T.?M92OP2&2SM92;‡2%i2U%(T Z?%5}$s%
%TA%.?2'#(.n*=2 ‰}$S#.j

%T%=%.?,-*)(TS.?*2h%t$e2SDŠ
5o(2U MR2(&?2K,QKl$2(&:
M2;_,QM9%+(%52;nMR*H.9%+(%|2;'A(
%\ ?2K29%xN_2(+.?%+($\$.?2;T
%52;n,Q&%:.K2=22QA%2Y%=%,n=%(C]%]%D)S
"($*D))f6D;$D2() SGbbFE v@bwv@Lw
?2K2U2=%K2;R%2*g)(TKTQ2;S
%=%)TY.?7%%=%QT(`%)?2']P2+SU9‡$S(
5S#S#2_S%#$k2S1%\ŠQ&$K2-:
X
DT•2C/0S@[[VEv@Gw%T;^2o@[VJ@[[Le%#2
P2Fb)TY.?$)'(&OP2?)Y-: -'%1
%T;^ 2(&  2=%K A%.?T %52;n2;&-
C/TT;ŽŽSDM2D2() GbbGEv@Fw mROP2?%+(.?22*j2K%,QT
$9d(?F%-g(,2%+S2=%HH&.?,Q2;(2;&-
.?Cm2D;M2GbbIEv@Iw ]K2M9.?OP2&'2eT,Q.%12$
$Y%7%%T)QTN_2;R%2*%+(g72#‡TQCT,(2M
,Q(‡GbbJEv@Jw ]K2M9.?5P*%i7%%T)Q%#&'
H2o2(&C;TMMGbbGE v@bw
2'm'nI&&nI&^+HIO_+G&`&abEo++iE.,&+iII.jh
Z?2($)Q$K22;Tg%%AN_k-%+(
)QMR.K2;Y2=2;.<%+(d&>2TQ%\(&
,R%2DT2(2o,Q2*•Q2;?U$vVw
DTM9)?d(2;h%S.%+(%=%&29_Z?2($%#
g>$=)yM(
?2K2;TTNJbU$d(C@[J@qGbbbES?2K2;.<
U$_Z?2($e2U)'bSV
T
" ?2K2;.<U$%+(I2*•
\H&C@[L@qGbbbE%(T:2;.<U$%+(F2*•2;%#C@[F@

q@[LbE ?2K2;.<U$%+(2*•@[[@qGbbb_QKSQ
•S s"]-%(T:?2K2;.<%+(2*•@[F@q
@[Ib)\)72)QbSX‹bSI‹,QbSL
T
"vGw
]K2M9*=%2NTA%.N_Z?2($e7%%5.92YK
2NT2TQ%\,QN*=*1*#%+(Z?2($2YQ52=
G•GbbXS7%2;<.Q&2#$2h2H&
[
&DIR^N-:bpKR+.L]q+iE.,d(-Lr+Ic,2;;1g
c,
&+iEOPEcIR
E&),
d
1
g
4sKISrK^+lIEcIR
E&),dK,g
0121
bSFfbSJ [
01C1
@S@f@SX FF
0211
@SJfGSJ IJ
Nguồn: Nguyễn Khắc Hiếu, 2008. vFw
*K&^FIKNKLtIRKQ.+iE.,dI&+iEOPEcIRE&),
-
(-Lr+
Ic,2;;1g
c,

Vj
uK
DIR
uK
vIR
^wIR
uK
P
uK
xbIR
P
.,
xbIR
P
Vj
IRbj)I
.,
P
GbJb @SI@ @SLL @SII @SLX @S@F @Sb@ @SG@
G@bb FSI[ ISFX FSV@ FSXX GSVV GSF[ GSXb
Nguồn: Nguyễn Khắc Hiếu, 2008 vFw
]R% % .> DT M9 )?d(2;h% 2;T TNJb U$d(_
%=% 2;Y$ "{(
‰

,Q 
x PS $R% % .> 2; .< e 2U )'
TNGb%$*n7*,O2%%+(2TQ%\vGw ‘#)_..>,Q
&%:*%<$,nP22P*,D.)Q$K2D `(&>$ DT
A%.NH%(T$R%%.>Z?2($vFwSGbJb%.>MtH

%(T2'$FF%$S2DTd&)2K)R%M#S%-;K.e.>%=2.AO#
)_Mt)QFFb$fFFbb$S :2*2;%:M_Y2\)A%,Q-5
2;s,Q%.2+&MNS:%2;|%+(Q,YK(<Mt.AM#
*=+& <2;Y%x%#2>&>$:$R%%.>H%(T
2'$@Sb$2DTR.=T%+(%=%QT(`%
@b
f m9 72 5  )Y N _  Z?2 ($ N$  ;’ ;?2
2;T(2*•
\

H&
C%92•‘‘\2•‘‘!E U$@[[I,Q
U$ GbbV %a %# @Jf@L72 5  )Y .^JL z 2;.< -
U$S2;T#%#L•V2;7*%#M9725)Y2;T$u2=
$n(5C‘!f!!!E2P*A2CF•@[[bS@•@[[FSG•@[[IS@G•@[[ISG•@[[V
,Q@@•@[[VE ]K2.>?A2\H&P2,-2;T.9%N
2TQ%\)Q725)YH&;‡2$S;‡2Y‡TQFXQ&
2;T 2= @ ,Q 2= G U$ GbbX H& 2?2 Y ) %T MN OP2 5
?*
f ‡T2DT?27“)TS)Q$N$GbfGJz)7
$(_  ,R% $-;f H&&'SH&;( Y= 5%a *
.,Q‡TQ$Q2$%%xH&5Y2TY(&2;T2(“)
T =%KQ&_($;K):h%;KSh%H&&'
):($H&&' vFw
DT2dN==%T2TQ%\%+(3•.(6'%*+,-
C!""SGbbVE,Qg'%1M:.K.(\%+(%=%QT(`%Z?2
($S2=%K2-$2Q%+(9,%2()Q'$2;`,Q%\
7%'%1MH2'$ mR(2U%+(%=%?27%R%T(
,Q 2' 2(S %N ,- 2\ M9 ,Q % K T  )Q $9 D TY 2
O&'S2;%$h2,Q)HQ9,2P2%N%=%)B,R%S%=%,n,Q%=%%K

svVw eTS)i)j2SY=S$()Sh#S29)9%)Q2'2(ON&;(
Q U$ _ - ,n 2;T %N %S H& 2?2 Y %T MN OP2 ,Q
M9 g,R%7%R2%A2=%K)P2%+(%=%?27
%R%T(#2;')QN,D.>;KS,n|*(h%,Qh%
;KS,ns.^M5s,Qs.^M5"{6T
Y %K% `* ,- T 6' ?* d9% 3 \ H&S 5
&}h%S # .( %a YT 2R% ?%5 %   ,Q A
@@
A2&T2T%+(Z?2($%i%T;^"Sinh kế của hàng chục triệu
người Việt Nam đang bị đe dọa với những ảnh hưởng của BĐKH. Vấn đề
này và những hệ quả của nó đang khiến cho cuộc sống người nghèo và
những người cận nghèo Việt Nam ở vùng núi, vùng biển, vùng đồng bằng bị
đe dọa". vFw
;T#%:M_ Y 2\C? 29'S*S(T25S 2+& )7S
252S?S %SQ_, , EP2)Q_%=%,n525%x2P*
‡$SM9H%S2;<KH2;_-,nSP2)Q525S$-
|S:%#&%:2Y%(Tf%x2P* NU 2R 9 *# , 2'
2(,QgdN=%%+( S2;T#%# $R%%.>H)Q
;P2Y% v@F T%w
":M_Y2\C?29'S*S(T25S2+&)7S252S?S
%SQ_, , EP2)Q_%=%,n525%x2P*‡$SM9H
%S2;<KH2;_-,nSP2)Q525S$-|S:%#&
%:2Y%(Tf%x2P* NU 2R 9*# , 2' 2( ,Q g 
dN=%%+(S2;T#%# $R%%.>H)Q;P2Y% ,Q 5
2A , MR %Y 2;( d&2 )?2 g( %=% Q \ 2 % TQ ,Q g(
%=%T(?*S%=%A(*:2;T%S2;T.9%N2TQ%\T=
,QK*2d9%2‹,P-.NT,?$52;2.A%TŒ
$52;.A5}$'$2;`S=*)R%2)'%=%?M2=
Q&%Q2U,Q2Q&'2''.AM&N$ P2%Ng-2;'
H&)Q$%T%TdN2=%K%+(,Q $R%%.>H9

,Z?2($2'$'$2;`S)Q$N&Mg2=%21%$,Q)Q$
%Tg2=%21%M•%##2;'2;_'):S)Q&%:?g
9,$j%2'OT=#SN$”T,Q&%:2-$2Q9,,?%2R%
?%=%$j%2'2''•,Q*=22;> ,g Z<,&S%\*N%#
@G
$K2%)7%,Q%=%N*=*1*#*n7*S5S$`,?%Mt2;_
'd=$K v@F T%w
2'y'nI&&nI&^+HIO_+G&`&abEo+E-MIKzbh
mR#)'2TQ%\%+(?29?(&)QK&S.E{IRKYLM
x|Ex}xMIR2ogd(2;h%?2K,QY:2;.<2TQ%\SMR
2(%N&%+(.U,Q 2&22;'*Y$,;K) ,Q MR H)'%+($R%
%.>2;.<2TQ%\
f ‘ 2 2U ?2 K 2;T %u M9 )? @bb U$ C@[bL f GbbJE )Q
bSVI
T
"‹‘22U?2K2;TJbU$\H&)QbS@F
T
"•@2*•SP*
G)\O22U%+(@bbU$d(
f ?2K2;.<_h%%R%e2U,2•)?@SJ
T
"•@bbU$SP*G)\
2•)?2U2;.<2TQ%\S?2K2;.<_h%%R%2;TJbU$%9
2•Gb%(T:.P2„?2K2;.<%+(JbU$QT=%2;TJbb
U$\H&,Q%#2>)Q%(TP2S2P2)Q2;T@FbbU$d(
f ?2K2;.<_a)*.U,B%{_h%.=%\
e

2U
F

T
">2oU$@[Xb
f @@2;TM9@GU$\H&C@[[JfGbbLE^$2;TM9@GU$#
P22;T%ud(2;h%.^$=&>2oU$@XJb
DT%1%272C/]0ES?2K2;.<U$GbbV
%(T:2;.<2„@[L@f@[[bbSI@
T
"
]R% % .> 2;  .< 2TQ %\ e 2U , 2• )? 2;  .<
@SX$$•U$  2;T 2 „ @[L@ f GbbF ,Q  2U ( : , 2• )?
FS@$$•U$2;T2„@[[FfGbbF %KS$R%%.>2;.<
2TQ%\e2U)'bSF@$2;T@bbU$\H&
@F
" MR 2( .U _ ;DD)(S h% %R% ,Q ($ %R% e )Q$ %T
$R%%.>2U(:2;T2„@[[FfGbbF TQ;(S?2K
2;.<%+(Y:2TQ%\2U)'C2P2)Q2KMHFbbb$E%i
#**\,QTMR2U)'%+($R%%.> 6i)j2,D.>%#2>D`(
D`(@SL2;?$uU$2Y)'$%H•
‰}$5H&;(,QQ&%Q2;_'2s2?: (T
25,2N)'d(*=22NQT%T2YT;(R
2UJbz2;T)'$%H• 8=2;<92')?2;T%=%
)B,R%U)7S(T25,2NSMNOP2K(<ŠDT29
'$P2S#%$C2;R%2*Tk%=2*E$K2*\=>%+(MR
#)'2TQ%\S,Q*\)%=%2?2Y2;R%2*M1%ƒD%T
 v@Vw
ZMRSUMP2):2R%7%R.=TN$2;T,R%
A(;NS5($%H•,Q;pS:$Q():2R%
%#&%: mN)7%H&2;s%#2>N$Fbz_;pg(2•
G@T#D`(():2R% -Q&%#2>2<2;YM&
WSk%.?2)Qg”T_525 v@Vw

2'~'4PE(pR+F+•&N•KsE&lI&w,E&`K&JIRL€+^+HIO_+G&`&abq+iE.,h
  # )' 2;' *Y$ , 2TQ %\ )Q d= 2;< 5 2> NT
7%,Q)HQ DT22T=%+(mT)T$TvIw,Q%KMRCGb@bE2<
%#N*=*QT>$MT=2(&d=2;<*=22N2<%i*NM(Q2
•$%#2>)k*)Y2dH.<-?2K2R',QsK"0
G

2;%2„%=%$Y%5?* ]k%n%#%=%u)R%2<$$N
*=*%T2(&2<2N2,%x)Q%Hƒ) ?2Y
Q6( ,Q (]Y%( \ ,- gN *=*)' d(2
%)7%2%1,
;%2SZ?2($%\2($($K2%=%%+K,Q2%%R%,QT
@I
%=%%:2;<T6'?*d9%%+2;<,-.2TQ%\ "=%
QT(`%S%=%QTY%A%M=%,Qd&TY%S%)7%*=2
2;>%\7%2%1%,Q&K2($($K2%:2;<'%1
%P*d9%( Q%%\\22%=%T%:2;<Q& ":
2;<%\7%29,%=%%:2;<d9%2,Q,R%>%#2>2*
2QdN'%1%+(%=%2%1%'%1%#&22;'2S
2*MR,?2;7S|*Wd9%2 ]k2=%S25d(,?%'%1
2R%2,Q2R%2}SZ?2($%#2>##*,QT,P-(7%%=%2
%1%d9%2.Q) "=%,A)eYT%(T%P*%2(%\Q2(S
%+K2($(%=%KAd9%2T6'?*d9%%+2;<,-,P-
Q& vJw
")7%1*#,.(Ts$%)7%N$Œ,Q
%)7%2%1, ")7%N$Œ.%#
K%+&)Q%)7%N$QSB()QN$s*=2
2N Q  s 2,2U.>P*2j Q2;'*Y$,
2TQ%\ ;T#S")7%2%1, .    %# $j%
2')QU%k%=%2=%K%+(.S>%N.2R'

,Q.H2YTS9,%=%?292R',Q?29OeK2;'
2;=P2
T 2 %P2 .P2 N = %+( O 2 # )' 2TQ %\ ,Q $R%
% .>HS2P2)Q2;T2•G@S',P-d(2;`Q\
2;T ,?% 1 *#, 9 , Z?2 ($ )Q *N 2% 1 ,
S#%=%=%)Q ,P -2%1*N7%k2)Q2;`2H$X%1
5*N)QN$Œ
:g(SZ?2($)Q%(*=22;>S%(%#B(,j*NN$
*=22N%=%%P2H&?1Q2DT"5%%+(6'
?*89%,-S2)7*=22N,Q)7*=22N22DT\
@J
%x ;P2ƒ .‡ MT, %=% % ( *=2 2;> =%S &' %\ *=2
2;>>OT=.ƒ#”TSH%(TM9HHS(%2(;(ƒ
2<2;Y‡$*=22;>)Q$j%2'Q\
"=%TY2K2%1,*N7%2;>((&2o.H&
 Z?%2;>(M$%=%TY2K2%1Mt%#-2;>,`Y2
? dN%(T2;T ,?% N$ 2 2P2 %N 2;% $h2 ,Q )H QS 2;T 
,(2*2j%} ;( , $1%K Q&%Q 2US $Q 2-$
)R% ,- %T  ,Q N U 2Q%?(&%+(%|2(%#2>%A
RSMt229‡$:-MT,%*h% *j%  dN ,Q , %
*>N$ŒdNT2;T2:)(S-,72d=N
U%+(%|2(
Z?%2%1,%\*N7%2R% ?9,2P2%N%=%
QS
)B,R%,Q%=%A(*:vLwSMT2;`2H$)Q%=%927M(H&
f N,D.>C.(Ts$%N%=%,ns.^%H2E
f 5?*S2+&MN
f ":M_Y2\C%5?*S(T25,2NS2+&)7SU)7S
252S)A%, , E
f: % 2;| ,Q M1% T– %K sS P2)Q %Ks H % ,D

.>S,DM5S525S$-|S%=%Q2Y$2;T52A
?(&S%2(e2R%?@M9%M=%S%:2;<^$
2%1,QN$Œ2=%K%+(
":2;<2;s;o)Q$K22;Tg%:2;<7%2'
2;T€chiến lược quốc gia của Việt Nam về phòng chống và giảm nhẹ thiên
tai đến năm 2020” 7%%*+*'&?22DT8&2AM9@VG•GbbVb
8qQ&@L•@@•GbbV 5%+(%:2;<H%(TU)R%
R.=TS%N.=T2'2(‹N$.NTd&TY%*=22;>Sd&%lOH&
@L
R2%PY2\*n7*,2'%l*x%9,QN$Œ2'
2(‹N$.NT@bbz%=.K)Q$%52=%N$Œ2'2(7%2*P
H%(TU)R%‹VbzM9H%=%Oe*,n2O&'.A2'
2(7%*.21%,-*x%92'2(‹TQ2Q,?%S
Mh*O*,QAM9HH,n2O&'ON&;(2'2(
2DTd&TY%7%&?2‹*97*%k2%t,)R%)72<$$%1
Y>%+K9*#‹N$.NT(2TQ?29'-2oQB2;_
;(‹H%(TNUS$1%%9)i%+('$-2;SH&&',Q
($KS%+%9H%P*'.>‹N$.NT(2TQ%=%s%1(‹TQ
2Q@bbz,?%OH&RDT2Q2&-STQ2Q?29
252)')Y%
Q&  G•@G•GbbXS  +  2  "  *+  e  *'  &?2  8&2  A
@JX•GbbX•8q,-":2;<$j%2'd9%(1*#,
DT#S%=%&'2h%%:.N%+(Z?2($2;T1*#,)Q
—*#2;'&'2h%*=22;> ,gSN$.NT?29S2
7*SQS,nS.<•,-SO#(#SN$”T
"=%TY2K1*#,7%2Q%#2;`2H$S2;`
>$S*#,g2=%K%P*.=%2;%$h2,Qg2=%K
2-$2Q)HQ \2%T1*#,)Q&29d(2;`N$
.NT*=22;> ,gS1*#5$(&MtN$7%2?2YQ&$(
—*#,)Q?$,j%+(2TQ?29%2;AS%+(2TQ

OeK
"=%?$,j1*#,*N7%2>?2;T%
)7%S%:2;<Sd&TY%STY%*=22;>%+(%=%QS%=%A(
*:S7%2>%#(2;T%=%,U.N*=*d&*=*)2,Q7%
d=2;?22;T2%1%2R%?
@V
;>(1*#,2DT&D2h%€2;=%?$%
%#*H.?2‚7%O=%A2;T"5%%+(6'7*
d9%,-
K%g2*ƒZ?2($,MRu2;7%+(K%g2*ƒQ6(
C"Ee2R%?R=_J2a,D.>2oU$GbbFGbbJ
R=Q&eOH&R%=%2)?,-%=%2=%K,Q2%1,S
|*==%=%NU}.A22:,QU)R%%+(Fb2;T2
M9%=%Oe}.A22:P2,Qs2H%(T21%SOH&R
U)R%%+(HA(*: R=%xQT2YT%=%H,'%+(
K%g2*ƒZ?2($,Q%=%2<&?,'_%=%%P*=%(,Q
H%(T21%%T%=%Q;(d&2A K%g2*ƒZ?2($,Q
Q6(%xu2;7(,QT2R%?R=2=2;s;o,Q2%1,
_2a8N<>A%=%n%=2,D.>.•2;s%H&
*)(T,Qu2;7M%T”T %1%*=22;>%+(Q6(
CmZE%nK%g2*ƒZ?2($(NTM=22'$%52;<=%_
8N<,s2Q2;725d(%:%*=22;>MY%
@X
0
 <"""=>
0'2'*.O+l,XOp+ES•IRLME&T+R+.IIR&+)IKJbh
2.1.1. Địa điểm:
'%17%2Q2;'XOe2K%I2a•'S(
#(SZB|%,Q|` ]u2a%`'GOeS$uOe%`
'G25

2.1.2. Đối tượng:
H%#Kl22;|2YXOe2K%I2a•'S
(#(SZB|%,Q|`
2.1.3. Thời gian nghiên cứu:
'%17%2Q2oV•Gb@@@b•Gb@@
0'0'"&S€IR•&N•IR&+)IKJb
2'%1'%17%222DT*:*=*$52N
%h2(
0'3'‚,kbLMK&\I,kbIR&+)IKJbh
2.3.1. Cỡ mẫu
2.3.2. Kĩ thuật chọn mẫu:
"=%%`$'(2\
oI2a.(\S$u2a%`'GOeS$uOe%`
'G25 R(,QT(M=%H%#Kl22;|2Y%=%25
'%1>)Q$%`$S;s%`'2o(M=%#
@[
0'A'NK^+HI(pLMK&W(pIR&+)IKJbh
-o+^+HI(p &W(p -o+^+HI(p
""  E&b
E&a•  E&DIR
E+I
5  2
%
•)? z H2($ (
"%(2DT:_
($j%
ƒ  ,P
2;R%2*M{
j.K%H
ƒ

•)? z H2($ (
"%(2DT
A*H
•)? z H2($ (
"%(2DT2;<K,U#(
($j%
21% •)?zH%#D#
,-
A*H
•)?zH>.2,-
%=%?27%+(
($j%
•)?zH>.2,-
&'H
($j%
•)?zH>.2,-
%=%  2=%  K  .P2  )7  %+(

($j%
•)?zH>.2,-
N  U  U  %k  
ON&;(
($j%
•)?zH.2,-%=%
2=%  Y  %+(      A(
*:
($j%
•)?zH>.2
%+(H,-%M=%
Q%,-

($j%
•)?zH>.2
%+(H,-%:2;<
Q%,-
($j%
•)?zH%#>.2
,-%M=%%+(A(*:
,-
($j%
=K =K%+(H9, 1Y
Gb
,?%.NT,?s%%T
MTY2,Q22'7*)y
=K%+(H9,
,?%8TY%M{jP2S
%9O#$xSMY2)_P2SP2
}$$kŠ
1Y
=K%+(H9,
,?%2;s;oS.NT,?;oS
2;s%H&*H2=
1Y
=K%+(H9,
,?%=*jc22$
2;TMNOP2Q-
^$N$2N
1Y
=K%+(H9,
,?%O{)y*j*l$%U5
>MNOP2,QM{j52

.T(M
1Y
=K%+(H9,
,?%O{)y;=%2NMTY2,Q
*j*l$2;TMNOP25
?*C;:$;YŠE2DTc
22$C592E
1Y
=K%+(H9,
,?%p*j%:2;<
22?$')?SM{j
.*%N2
1Y
=K%+(H
7%ƒ%#'2($(%=%
TY2KN$2>,5
}$],Q1*#,

($j%
•)?zHe2o
D,-?27
*H.92DT%=%2a
0'A'ƒE&baELM•&S€IR•&N•E&bE&a•E&DIRE+Ih
Công cụ thu thập thông tin:**ƒ,P
G@