Rèn luyện kỹ năng dạy học theo hướng tăng cường năng lực tự học của sinh viên hóa học ngành sư phạm

Tgp
chi
khoa
hoc
TrUifng
Difi
hQC
Quy
Nhdn
-
So
1,
Tap VII
ndm
2013
REN
LUY|:N
KY
NANG
DAY
HOC
THEO
Hl/dNG
TANG
CITING
NANG LlJC TT/HQC CUA SINH VIEN
H6A
HQC NGANH
SUPH^M
NGUYIN
THI

KIM
ANH'
l.MdDAU
Trong ddo tao giao vien hien nay, viec ren
luy6n
ky ndng day hpc (KNDH) cho
sinh vien (SV) nganh
sU
pham
la
mpt yeu cau ca'p bach de nang cao chd't
lUpng
day
nghi
d
cac trUdng dai hpc.
Phu'dng phdp day hpc vi mo (PPDHVM) gop phan khac phuc va'n de con ton
tai
trong dao tao giao vien hien nay: Viec chuan bi cho SV ra trUdng thien ve
ly
thuyet,
tap trung qud nhieu vao kien thu'c thuan
tiiy,
khien cdc gido vien mdi
biTdc
vdo nghe
khong trdnh khoi kho khan khi dieu khien
mpt
ldp hpc. PPDHVM
chu

trUPng
hinh
thanh
va
phdt trien viing chdc
cac
nang
lUc
sU
pham rieng biet, KNDH
cd
ban
xac
dinh. Qua do tao cho SV mot niem tin,
sU
tU
tin khi dieu khien ldp hpc.
Trong giao
due,
cong nghe thong tin
dUdc
iing
dung de thiet
ke'
giao
trinh dien di
(GTDT)
va
hpc tnic tuyen
rd't

tien ich va mang lai hieu qua cao, phii hdp va dap
iing
dUdc
vdi
each
dao tao theo
he
thong tin chi ma cdc trudng dai hpc
da va
dang trien
khai trong qua trinh dao tao.
Chinh
vi
vdy viec thiet ke' GTDT vd cdch
su"
dung giao
trinh mpt
each
cd hieu qua
la
cin
thiet va quan trpng, mang
tinh
chat cap thiet cho SV
d cdc trUdng dai hpc. Thiet
ke'
vd
sii
dung GTDT thong qua hpc phan
thi

nghiem
thUc
hanh phUdng phdp day hpc hda hpc (PPDH3) ke't hdp vdi PPDHVM, dac biet
la
su"
dung thii thudt day hpc - hpc tap dong dang, hpc tap pho'i hdp, hpc tdp hdp tdc - nham
ren KNDH cho SV Hoa hpc ngdnh
su'
pham
d
cdc trUdng dai hpc
Id
can thiet, va neu
thifc hien
tot
se gdp phan nang cao nang
liSc
t\X
hpc va ren luyen mpt so KNDH hda
hpc cho SV, gdp
phln
ddi
mdi phtfdng phap day hpc (PPDH)
d
trUdng DHSP.
Trong pham vi bai vie't nay tdc gia
de
cap den mpt so bien phap ren luyen cho
sinh vien KNDH hod hpc theo hudng tang cUdng nang
life

Itf
hpc,
tif
nghien cdu.
2.
NOI DUNG
Cd sd ly ludn
vl
viec
ddi
mdi phifdng phdp day hpc d dai hpc da du'dc de cap
d
cdc
tai
Ii$u
va bai
viet trifdc, trong khuon khd cua bdi vie't nay chiing
toi
tap trung
chu yeu vdo thifc trang
vi6c
ren luyen KNDH qua cdc hpc phan PPDH hoa hpc vd vd'n
dl
ttf
hpc SV khoa Hda hpc nganh
sif
pham
d
trUdng dai hpc
tuT

do
difa
ra
cdc
bi6n
phap
de
ren luyen KNDH mpt cdch hieu qua nha't.
NGUYfeN THI
KM
ANH"
2.1.
Thiic trang
ciia vl^c
ren
luy$n
KNDH qua cic hpc phin PPDH hoa hpc va
nang
li^c
ti^
hpc ciia SV khoa
H6a
hgc nginh
sii ph^m
d trilling dai hpc
2.1.1.
Bdnh gid ve
m^t
so KNDH
hda hgc

cita
SV khi
TTSP
d
tnUmg
pho thong
Bing
1.
Ddnh gid KNDH hda hgc ciia sinh
viin
khi
TTSP
giai doan 2
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

Ky ning
Xic dinh dung trgng tim bai hgc
Dat van de ciia bai giing vi chuyen
^
Trinh bay bing (ro ring, chinh xic, khoa hgc, )
Ve
hinh
va
sil
dung hinh ve
Ky nang bieu dien TN ket hop vdi
15i
noi ciia GV
SLT
dung hdp ly cac thi nghiem
Si5f
dung tot va hdp
ly
cac
phUOng
tien day hpc
Phan bo thdi gian hop ly
Bao quit va dieu khien hoat dong cua ldp
Phat huy tinh dgc lap sang tao cua hgc sinh
Lien he bai hgc vdi
thUc
te va GDMT
Sii'a
bai tap hoa hgc tren ldp
Ra bai tap

phU
hdp vdi
d6'i tufdng
hgc sinh
Xuf ly tot cac
tinh
hugng
six
pham
Kiem tra danh gia ket qua hgc tap cua hgc sinh
Diin dat
lifu
loat, ngon
ngiJ
dl hieu, mach lac
Diem dinh
gii ciia
SV
8,20
7,20
7,60
6,20
6,50
6,90
7,50
8,80
7,90
7,50
7,00
8,20

7,50
7,10
7,70
8,33
Di^m
dinh
gii cua GV
8,10
7,00
7,40
6,10
6,30
6,50
7,18
8,70
7,80
7,10
6,90
8,00
7,15
7,00
7,50
8,20
Nhan xet: Cd 5 ky nang ma ca giao vien hudng din vi SV deu dinh gii
d
mdc
kha hdn do la: Xac dinh dung trgng tam bai hgc; Phan
bg'
thdi gian hdp Iy; Bao quit
boat dgng cua ldp; Sii'a bai tap hga hgc tren ldp; Ngon

ngii dS
hieu, mach lac,
Cac ky nang
nhU:
Sii'
dung thi nghiem theo phUdng phip day hgc nao?
Sil
dung
tot va hdp ly cac phUdng tien day hgc. Lien he bii hgc vdi thUc te'.
Xi
ly tot tinh
huo'ng
sUpham,
ci giao vien
hifdng
din vi SV deu danh gii d mdc tha'p hdn.
NhiJng ke't qua danh gii tren theo chiing toi li chUa cao. Neu so vdi ket qua
danh gia TTSP2 (phan
Idn
SV dddc diem 9, 10, rat it diem 7, 8)
thi
diem trung
binh
cac KNDH thap hdn han.
NhU
vay, viec ren luyen cho SV cic KNDH hda hgc cd ban
dac biet la ky nang
%\S
dung thi nghiem vin la mgt vi'n de can thiet va cap bach.
2.2.2. Thuc trgng gid thifc hanh thi

nghidm
PPDH hoa hgc,
nghiep vtf sttphQm
va
ren KNDH cho sinh vien khoa Hoa hgc nganh
sKpham
d cdc
tntcing difi
hgc
Muc
dich
diiu
tra:
Tim
hieu thuc trang cac gid thUc hanh thi
nghigm
PPDH hda
REN LUYfeN KY NANG DAY HOC THEO HUCiNG
TANG
CUONO
NANG
LlJC
7
hgc,
ren
luy6n
NVSP. Rdt ra nhttng
kd't luin
can
thig't

vi
tim
nhttng phtfdng phip nang
cag hieu qua ren luyen KNDH cho SV.
DSi tugng dieu tra: SV nim
thiJ
3, 4 cd hgc hgc phan PPDH3, NVSP.
Nhilng diiu ddng chu y riit ra tit
kl't
qud dieu tra:
vl
tii Ueu,
chtfdng trinh
hgc:
ngoii giio ttinh
dtfdi
dang i'n pham nen cd tii
li?u di$n til
(Web) cd tinh
tiTdng
tic
cao;
Thiet bi, dung cu va hda cha't: hien dai,
d^y
di; Ve phia GV: can ip dung cic
PPDH mdi,
Vl
phfa SV:
cin dtfdc
ren luyen KNDH hda hgc cd bin,

Ket qua dieu tra tren day li cd sd quan trgng, dinh htfdng cho tic gia de xuat cic
bi$n phip di ren
luygn
KNDH cho SV.
2.2.3.
Thtfc trying
vi
tti
hgc cua sinh vien
Chiing toi
tdng
hdp ket qui dieu tra 350 SV d 4 trddng dai hgc: DHSP Hi Ngi;
DH Quy Nhdn; DHSP ftinh phd' Hg Chi Minh; DH
D6ng
Thap ve: quan niem
til
hgc,
^ thlJc
ttf hgc 6 dai hgc; chuan bi bai khi len ldp hgc; danh gia to chdc day hgc cua GV;
dieu kien va viec su' dung CNTT (Intemet, miy vi tinh, ) cho
hpc
tap.
Phin tich
kd't
qua
diiu
tra: Cic
so'lieu
dieu tra cho thay SV xac dinh dung ve ttf
hpc d dai hpc. Cic

l^
do ve dieu kien hpc tip nhu thieu giao
trinh,
thdi gian hpc va
cich thdc hgc tap dUdc cpi la yeu to' anh hddng
din
tU hgc, ke't qua hgc tap cua SV.
Tuy nhien, theg chiing tgi nguyen nhan vin la
each til
hpc cua SV va nguon gdc c6 the
li:
SV quen vdi
each
hpc d trddng phd thdng. Thi vi kiem tra doi hoi HS phai tai hien
lai thdng tin do thay cung cap. Cd 58,57% SV cho la ngudn tai lieu hgc tap thieu;
30,00%
cho li thieu
sil
hudng din, giiip dd cho viec hgc tip; 14,28% cho la tai lieu
rdng, khd bao quit. Hien nay ddi vdi S V Viet Nam thi viec hgc lap ndi chung, viec
tif
hgc cia SV can cd sU hudng din hgc lip cua GV, tii Ueu can dtfdc thiet ke
phii
hdp
vdi ngi dung bai hgc da dang, phong
phii.
Ttf thilc trang ve
vi6c
ren KNDH va nang
Itfc

td hgc
Id
cua SV, chung toi da de
xuat cic KNDH hda hgc can dtfdc ren luyen dUdc chia thanh ba nhdm chinh, dd la:
Nhim cdc ky ndng
chudn
bi bdi hgc; Nhdm cdc KNDH tren ldp; Nhom ky nang kiim
tra. nhdn xet, ddnh gid. Trong cic phtfdng Ben tru'c quan dtfdc
sil
dung ttong day hgc
hda hpc, thi nghiem ddng mgt vai trg het
sttc
quan trgng vi the chdng toi chia cac ky
nang thi nghiem thilc hinh thinh ba nhdm ky nang chinh, dd la: Nhdm ky ndng bieu
diin thi nghiem: Nhdm ky ndng
Iua
chgn phuang phdp
su:
dung thi nghiem; Nhdm ky
ndng ket hgp ldi ndi khi
sii
dung thi nghiem trong day hgc.
3.
REN LUYEN KNDH HOA HOC CHO SINH VIEN SLf PHAM
NGANH HOA HOC
Dl ren luyen KNDH hda hgc trtfdc tiin chiing toi ren kien thtfc ve KNDH bing
GTDT, sau dd rin KNDH bang PPDHVM cd ap dung mpt sd thu thuat day hgc.
NGUYfeNTHIKIMANH-
3.1.
Ren

luy$n ki4'n
thii'c vi KNDH hda hpc cho sinh vi6n theo
hildng
tang
cifoTng
nang
li/c til
hgc,
til nghidn cilu
- Thie't ke giio trinh dien nl: GTDT ma chung toi thiet ke cd tinh ttfdng tic cao,
npi dung khoa hpc, giao dien than thien va dl sil dung de sinh vien ttf ren luyen.
Mpi
sd giao dien minh hpa:
ffinh
1. Trang gidi thieu giao dien
websile
van hanh gido trinh
Hinh 2.
Traiii;
nV/cc llii rii^liit'iii minh
hoa
? „
V.IJ'T'V'"'
^ """

. -
i.~:_.;;.'."~
:/ ^—
„-o

-Q-^-7-
^^^''-' 1
;.:K,r.*r::;r:.""r:.,„,
CJ-'
' '
——.•••jl
Hinh
3. Trang an toan thi nghiem vd bdi tap vdn dung
REN LUYfeN KY NANG DAY HOC THEO HUClNG
TANO
CUONG
NANG
LlJC
9
- Giio ttinh dtfdc sur dung trong dao tao nien che vi hpc che tin
chi
gdp phln ren
luydn
kien thdc vl KNDH: SV truy cap vao website: nangluctuhoc.edu.vn de
til
hgc,
ttf nghien ctfu vl
kl
thuat tien hinh thi
nghigm,
xem video minh hga de hieu
kl
hdn vl
ky nang thi nghi$m, bai tap
vjn

dung vi video
tinh
hudng gidp SV tU kiem tra kiln
thdc ve ky ning thi nghiem cia minh,
3.2.
Rfen luypn
KNDH hoa hgc cho sinh
vi6n
b^ng
phildng
phap
d?y
hgc vi rad
Rin
luyen ky ndng day hgc thdng qua hgc phdn PPDH3
BUdc 1: Ghi
hinh,
nhin xdt lan thd nha't.
Chpn 1 - 2 sinh vien de theo doi va ghi hinh qui ttinh den hinh thi nghiem.
Phit vi xem lai toin bg pha bilu dien thi nghiem
ciia
SV.
Nhin xet, dinh gii: SV tU nhan xet. Trao ddi ciia nhdm. GV gdp y va nhin xet:
Thong qua budc ndy mdi SV tu nhln thay
nhOng
uu diem
cdn
phdt huy vd nhang
hgn che cdn khac phuc trong cdc lan
dtiy til'p

sau.
Biidc
2: Ghi
hinh,
nhan xet lan thtf hai. Mdi SV nen hanh bieu dien
Ihi
nghiem
thong qua
Inch
doan bai giang. Sau dd cho nhan xet, danh gia lan 2.
Ddng thdi ap dung mgt sd thu thuat day hgc: Day hpc ddng dang, day hpc phdi
hdp,
day hgc hdp tic de ren luyen KNDH dat hieu qua cao nha't
VQU
diing vdo bdi. Diiu chl'vd tinh oxi hda cita axit nitric
Ap dung PPDHVM trong giai doan SV bat dau tien hanh thi nghiem nhim de
ren luyen ky nang thi nghiem vi ky ning day hgc.
BUic
1. Ghi
hinh,
nhdn xet lan
thU
nhat
Tie'n hanh chpn SV de theo ddi vi ghi hinh qua
Irlnh
lien hanh
Ihi
nghiem ve:
Dieu che HNO, ttong PTN;
HNO,,,,, HNO,,,,,^

tic dung vdi kim loai (Cu).
Phit va xem lai qui ttinh lam thi nghiem
diiu
che va axit
lie
dung vdi kim loai.
Nhan xet, dinh gia lan thtf nhi't (Mlu phieu 2.1 - Nhan xet ky nang thi nghiem)
Cd mpt SV lim thtf ki de ghi lai bien ban vi tdng ke't diem nhin xet, danh gii.
Minh hoa hien ban ghi nhan xet:
- Sinh vien ttf nhin xet qui ttinh tien hanh thi nghiem cua
minh
ve nhttng tfu
diem, han che:
Vl
tfu diem da chgn dung vi du dung cu, hda chat
Ihi
nghiem, Ve
ban chd thi nghidm cgn cham, giai thich hien ttJOng chtfa rd rang,
- Trao
ddi ciia
nhdm: mdi nhom ci dgi dien mgt SV dgt cdu hoi vi cdc ky nang
thi nghilm do nhdm chuyin gia phu trdch Nhom chuyin gia trd ldi vd gidi thich
10
NGlTi^N THI KIM
ANH'
Cdc thanh vien
khde
trong nhdm bo sung
u\i
diem: Tien hdnh ddng quy trinh, c6

thu dpn dung cu va
s^p
xep hda chat
nhulig
han
ch^:
chita
t^t
ddn con khi thi
nghidm
ke't thdc,
chUa
xuf ly tot khi thodt ra ngodi mdi
trifdng,
- Giang vien gdp
^,
nhan xdt: Sau khi tien hdnh thi
nghi$m
sinh
vi^n
da thilc
hien difdc mpt so' ky ndng thf nghidm
nhif
sau: Chgn dung cu diing, du vd
phU
hap vdi
thi nghiem; Sap xep cdc dung cu hda chdt trudc vd sau ldm thi
nghidm;
Tien hdnh diing
quy trinh thi nghiem, Tuy nhien cdn mpt so ky ndng

chifa
thtfc hien tot: Ddt cdu hdi
ehUa
rd rdng; Cdch gidi thieh hiin tugng ddi ddng, chUa logic,
Nhif
vay thdng qua
bifdc
ndy ren luyen dUdc nhdm ky ndng thi nghiem thtfc
hanh: Ky ndng bieu dien thi nghiem; Ky ndng ket hdp ldi ndi khi
suf
dung thi nghidm
trong day hpc.
Nhu'ng
ifu
diem se dUdc phdt huy, han che difdc
khic
phuc
d
pha day tiep theo.
Dac biet la ky nang dat can hdi va giai thich cac hien tifdng thi nghiem.
BiCdc
2. Ghi hinh, nhan xet lan thii hai
De ren luyen KNDH thong qua trich doan bdi giang, chung toi dd thifc hien theo
bang phan cong nhiem vu.
a) Moi nhdm
cu"
dai dien mpt SV bieu diln thi nghiem thong qua trich doan bdi
giang tinh cha't hda hpc (Tac dung vdi kim loai, phi kim) va dieu che'.
Bang 2. Phdn cdng nhiem vu khi ldm viic nhdm
Nhdm

1
2
3
Bdi day
III.
Tinh
chat hda hpc
(Tac dung vdi kim loai)
III.
Tinh
chat hda hpc
(Tdc dung vdi phi kim)
V. Dieu che
Thi nghiem
HN03^^^
+ Cu
HNO„ ,
+ Cu
HNO,„,
+ C
HNO,„,^
+ C
Dieu che HNO,
trong PTN
Ky ning
la, 2(a,
b,
d,
e),
3 d

phieu KNTN
vi 1, 2, 3 d phieu KNDH.
Ib,
2 (c, f, g), 4 d phieu KNTN
va 3, 4, 5, 7 d philu KNDH.
I,2h,3,4d
phieu
KNTN
vii,
3,
6, 7 d phieu KNDH.
b) Phil va xem lai qua trinh lap giang (bieu diln thi nghiem) axit tic dung vdi
kim loai thong qua
Inch
dgan bai giang III.2. Tinh gxi hda
ciia
axit nitric - Bii
12.
Axit nitric va mudi nitrat, SGK hda hgc
II
nang cao.
c) Nhan xet, dinh gia lan thd hai (theo mau phieu 2.2 - Nhan xet KNDH thong
qua ttich doan bai day).
- SV ttf nhan xet tfu diem:
lira
chgn ding phtfdng phip su' dung,
ti^n
hinh thi
nghiem thanh
ceng,

han che: tien hinh thi nghiem con chim, diln dat
Idng
tiing.
RfeNLUYfeN KY NANG DAY HOC THEO
HUC(NG
TANG
CI/6NG
NANG
LUC
- Trao doi cua nhdm: tfu
di^m:
ket hdp
td^t giiJa
ldi ndi vd thi nghiem, cd dat van
de,
nhung han che: chu'a
tiX
tin,
chfl"
vi^t
chtfa thang hdng,
- Giang vien gdp y, nhan xdt: Sau khi tien hdnh bieu dien
thi
nghidm vdo trong
trich doan bai giang sinh vidn da thifc hidn
diTdc
mot so' ky ndng day hpc nhU sau: Lua
chgn phuang phdp
svc
dung thi nghiem hiiu qud;

D^t
cdu hdi ngdn gon, ro rdng; Liin
hi kiin
thvCc
thUc te rat tdt giiip bdi day cd gid tri thuc tiin cao,
Tuy nliien con mpt so' ky nang chu'a thifc hien tot:
- ChS vii't chUa
thdng
hdng; Di lgi trudc bdng cdn nhieu.
Thong qua bUdc nay sinh vien da rdn
dufdc
mpt so ky nang day hpc hda hpc
Ren luyen KNDH hda hgc thdng qua rin luyen nghiep vu
sUphgm
Quy trinh dp dung PPDHVM difdc didn ra
nhuf
sau:
BUdc 1. Chuan bi
- SV chudn bi: Ttf nghien
cVi^i
tdi lieu; Ke' hoach bai day hpc, quan sat mlu.
- GV hudng dan:
Nhu'ng
diem can
lUu
y, thdi gian khi trinh bdy bai day,
Bi^c
2. Ghi hinh lan thii nhat (pha day lan I).
Thong qua bUdc ndy SV chu yeu ren luyen nhdm ky nang day hoc tren ldp.
Budc 3:

Nh4n
xet, ddnh gid lan
thii
nhdt
Thong qua bUdc nay sinh vien chu yeu
dUpc
ren
luydn
nhom KNDH trin ldp vd
nhdn xet ddnh gid hge sinh vd ddnh gid dong nghiep.
Bu&c
4: Ghi hinh lan
thii
hai
Thong qua btfdc nay SV chu ye'u ren luyen nhdm ky ndng day hgc trin ldp.
BU&c
5: Nhan xet ddnh gid lan
thii
hai
Thong qua btfdc nay sinh vidn hau nhU da ren luyen dtfdc nhdm ky ndng day hgc
trin ldp va nhdn xet, ddnh gid dSng nghiep.
Van dung
"Bdi
54.
Ancol:
Tinh chat hda hge, dieu chi',
iing
dung"'
Ldp
11

NC
Bii^c
1. Chuan bi: SV ttf tham khao GTDT: Bdi 13. Ancol - Phenol va
SGKl
1.
Bi^c
2. Ghi hinh tdn thU nhat
Theo ddi va ghi hinh qua
trinh
tap giang cua SV ve bai day: Ancol: Tinh
chdt
hda hgc, dieu che,
iing
dung hodc phan trich doan bdi day ve tinh chd't hoa hpc.
Cac thanh vidn trong nhdm theo ddi, ghi lai
nhiirng
tfu diem vd han che'.
Budc 3.
Nhqn
xet ddnh gia lan thU nhdt
Phdt
hinh
vd xem lai todn bo qua trinh giang day:
NGUYEN THI KIM
ANH'
"Bai 54. Ancol: Tinh chd't hda hpc, dieu che, tfng dung"
ho$c
trich doan: I.
Tinh
cha't hda hpc,

I.l
Phdn tfng the' H cua nhdm OH Ancol.
Cu"
mpt sinh vidn ldm thtf ki de ghi lai bien bdn nhdn xdt gdp
^
va tong ket diem.
Dudi ddy
Id
minh hga bien bdn ghi nhdn xit cua sinh viin trong
trich
doan:
Sinh vidn ttf nhan xdt: bie't md td thi nghiem vd gidi thich diing hien tugng, thi
nghiem thdnh edng, cd liin hi kii'n thiie thUc ti' ve Ancol, Hgn chi': viic thii't
ki'ke
hogch bdi day chua
ddy
du, ehUa cd sU chuyen y trong bdi day,
Trao d6'\ sinh vidn trong to: uu diem: thao tde thi nghiem chinh xdc, tien hdnh
dung quy
trinh
thi nghiem. Tuy nhiin ehua phd'i hgp td't
giUa
ldi ndi vd biiu dien thi
nghiem, chua gidi thieh rd
vi
sao cd sU tgo phiic mdu xanh,
Giang vien gdp y, nhdn xdt: Sau khi thtfc hidn pha day hpc thtf nha't sinh
vien
da
the hien dtfdc mot so' ky ndng day hpc

nhU:
Chudn bi day du do ddng day hgc, cd dgt
vdn de bdi gidng, cha vie't ro rdng, cd
sddung
bdi tap di xdy dUng kiin thiic hieu qui.
Kien
thUe
chudn xdc, it sai sdt, cd lien hi kie'n thiic thuc ti. Tuy nhien mdt
sdky
nang
day hgc hda hgc khde vdn cdn lung tiing: Cdch dgt vdn de vd chuyin y trong bdi giang
cdn ddi ddng, chua gdy hiing
thii
cho ngudi hge, svt dung vd dgt edu hdi chua ngan ggn
vd khoa hge,
Sau
ciing
ngUdi
vufa
day hoac SV
vtfa dif
(gop y) ttf chinh
siJa
vd thiet ke lai bdi
day. Dong thdi thUc hien lai bai day sau khi da dUdc dong nghiep, giang vidn gdp
J'
chinh su'a trong cdc pha day hpc tid'p theo hoac
riit
kinh nghiem trong lan day tiep
theo thong qua trich doan bdi day ndy hay trich doan bai day muc

1.2.
Tinh chat hda
hpc - Phan dng the' nhdm OH Ancol.
Budc 4. Ghi hinh lan
th^
hai (diin ra
tUcfng tti nhUbUdc
2)
O budc nay ne'u chtfa thu'c hien to't cd the tid'n hdnh thtfc hidn lai bdi day trong
lan day lidp theo hoac thong qua cac bdi day
khde
nhU: Bai: Phenol, Bai: Andehit -
Xeton, De'n khi
nhtfng
ky ndng cd ban can thie't dtfdc ren luyen mot
each
chu dao vd
dam bao chd't
lUdng
de SV ttf tin btfdc vao nghe.
BUdc
5.
Nhan xet ddnh gid lan
thU
hai (dien ra
tUOng
tU
nhubi0c
3)
Nhdn xet: Da phat huy dtfdc nhifng

ifti
die'm va
kh^c
phuc dtfdc
nhtfdc
did'm:
- Thie't ki linh hogt ke hogch bdi day, phdt huy tinh tich cUc nhgn thiic cua SV.
- Cdch dgt vdn de vd chuyin y trong bdi day gdy dugc su
chii
y vd hiing thu.
- Thi nghiem dugc svt dung vd biiu diin diing phucmg phdp.
-
Sii
dung cdu hoi diing
liic.
Cdch dgt cdu hdi ngdn ggn vd khoa hgc.
REN
LUYEN
KY
NANG
DAY HOC THEO HlJCtNG TANG CLfCfNG
NANG
LUC
13
Nhimg vdn cdn mot so' han che
nhtf:
Di lgi trudc bdng cdn nhieu. Cha vie't chUa
thang hdng,
Sau khi dtfdc ren luyen, hau hd't cac KNDH dtfdc ren luyen thanh cdng
nhtf:

Ddt va'n de vd chuyen y trong bdi giang logic, hap ddn, gdy
sif
chu y cao;
SiJ
dung vd bieu dien to't cac thi nghiem khi ke't hdp vdi bai day; Ddt cau hoi rd rang,
chinh xac, ngan gpn; Binh
tinh,
ttf tin,
xOf
Iy tot cdc tinh huong stf pham; Biet
each
nhan xet, ddnh gia cdc van de mpt cdch tinh td'.
Dd la nhiJng ky ndng ma hau het d lan dau thtfc hien, cdc SV thtfdng mac sai
sdt. Dong thdi cac ky nang pho'i hdp cac thi nghidm trong mpt doan bdi giang cung
dtfdc khac phuc khong
nhtfng
cho chinh ngtfdi day, ma con cho tat ca cdc thanh vien
khde
trong nhdm, hp ttf nhin nhdn va ttf rut kinh nghiem cho chinh ban than thong qua
dong nghiep.
3.3.
Ke't qua
thi/c nghidm
svt
ph^m
Chung toi da tie'n hdnh thtfc nghidm va
xu*
ly so' lieu bdi kiem tra kie'n thtfc ve
KNDH bdng phtfdng phdp thdng ke toan hpc tai 4 trtfdng:
Bdng 3. Tdng hgp cdc tham sd dgc trung bdi kiim tra kii'n thiie ve KNDH

Mien
Bie
Tmng
Nam
Tnrdng
DHSP
Ha
Noi
DH Quy Nhdn
DHSP
TPHCM
DH
Dong
Thap
MO TA DO LIEU
Mot (Mode)
TN
9
9
8
9
DC
7
7
6
8
Trung vi
(Median)
TN
8

9
8
9
DC
7
7.5
6
8
Gii cri trung
binh (Mean)
TN
8.30
8.62
7 75
8.70
DC
7.47
7.59
6.46
7.62
SD
TN
1.09
1.02
1.33
1.07
DC
1.21
1.21
1.15

1.11
SO
SANH
DC
LIEU
P
0.0008
2.96.10'
6,27.10'
3,22.10-'
ES
0.67
0.85
LU
0.97
-LdpOC
-LdpTN
Hinh 4. Do thi dudng
lUy
tich ket qud long hgp bdi kiim tra kien
ihiic
ve KNDH
NGUYIN
THI
KIM
ANH'
Kit qua phdn tich
dinh
tinh:
Hiu

hd't GV, chuydn gia vd ngtfdi hpc cho rang
GTDT, Website cd chd't
Itfdng
to't, cd tinh khoa hpc,
th^m
my, dl suf dung.
- Da sd sinh viin d ldp
TN:
Rd't thich gid day cd dp
dyng
PPDHVM, cd
s^
dung
thid't bi day hpc. Quan sdt cdc KNDH cda SV trong Idp DC cung cd stf tie'n bp
nhiftig
chtfa cao so vdi ldp, nhdm thtfc nghidm.
- Da sd
sinh
viin d ldp ddi
chiing:
ft chu dpng trong
vi$c
ttf hpc; vipc ren luyen
KNDH gdp nhieu khd khdn, it
tU
tin, ke't qud TTSP2
thd^p
hdn so vdi Idp TN.
Kit qud phdn tich dinh lugng:
Gid

Xn
mode, trung vi cua ldp TN cao hdn d ldp
BC.
Dieu ndy chdng to ky ndng
day hpc d ldp TN to't hdn d ldp
DC.
Diem
Uaing
binh cpng ciia ldp TN cao hdn d ldp
DC.
Nhtf vay, SV d ldp TN
n^m
vtfng
vd van dung kie'n thtfc, ky ndng tot hdn d ldp DC.
Phep kiem chii'ng t - test dpc lap cho kd't qua gid tri p nhd hdn rat nhieu so vdi gid tri
so sanh la 0,05. Dieu ndy cd nghia
Id
gid tri trung binh cpng cua ldp TN vdi ldp
DC
cd
khde
biet ro ret. Mdc dp anh htfdng ES cho tha'y tac dpng cua kd't qua nghien ctfu da
tao ra anh htfdng d mdc dp trung binh vd
Idn.
Nhtf vdy, stf chenh lech ve diem trung
binh cpng cua sinh vien ldp TN va ldp
DC
do tdc dpng cua nghien ctfu la cd
thUc
te va co

y nghia.
3.
KET LUAN
Vide siJf
dung GTDT de ren luyen kie'n
thu'c
ve KNDH theo htfdng tdng ctfdng
ndng
life
tu
hpc,
tU
nghidn ctfu va dp dung PPDHVM de ren KNDH cho sinh vien khoa
Hda hpc ndi rieng vd sinh vien stf pham ndi chung la can thie't vd cd hieu qua.
Neu nhtf dtfdc dp dung thtfdng xuyen vd bdi ban, chiing toi hy vong rang sinh
vidn sau nay ra trtfdng chdc chan se cd ky nang thi nghiem cung nhtf
ky
ndng day hpc
tot hdn, gdp phan nang cao chd't Itfdng day vd hpc. Dd cung chinh la da thtfc hidn dinh
htfdng doi mdi phtfdng phap day hpc d cac trtfdng Dai hgc, Cao dang cdng nhtf
d
cdc
trtfdng Pho thong trong thdi kl hpi nhap.
RfeN
LUYfeN K?
NANG
DAY
HOC
THEO
HIJ(3NG

TANG
CIJ^NG
NANG
LUC
15
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[1]
Bg
Gido
due
va
Dao
tao -
Dtf
an
Vidt
Bi,
Nghien
cUu
khoa
Iioc
Su pham Ung
dung, Nxb Dai hoc
Sir
pham,
(2010).
[2] N. Ctfdng, N.
X.
Trtfdng, N.
T.

SiJu,
B.
T.
Oanh,
H. V,
Coi, T.
T.
Ninh, Thi nghiim
thuc hdnh phuang phdp
day
hgc hda hgc, Nxb Dai hoc
Stf
pham,
Hd
Npi,
(2005).
[3] N.
X.
Trtfdng, N.
T.
Sijfu,
D.
T.
Oanh,
T.
T.
Ninh,
Tdi"
lieu
bSi dudng thudng xuyen

eho GV trung hgc pho thong chu
ki
111
(2004
-
2007), Nxb Dai hoc Stf pham, (2004).
[4] Hoa hpc 11, Sdch gido khoa Ban
ca
bdn
va
ndng cao, Nxb
Gi^o
due,
(2007).
[5]
H6a
hpc 12, Sdch gido khoa Ban
co
bdn ndng cao, Nxb Gido due, (2008).
[6] M.Altet
-
J.D.Britten,
Phucmg
phdp day hgc
vi
md va ddo tgo gido vien, Dtf dn Viet
Bi "Ho
trd
hoe
tir

xa", (1999).
[7]
SUMMARY
SHARPENING PEDAGOGICAL STUDENTS' CHEMISTRY TEACHING SKILLS
IN THE LIGHT OF DEVELOPING LEARNER'S INITIATIVE
AND SELF-STUDY CAPACITY
Nguyen Thi Kim Anh
From
the
situation
of
practising teaching skills
and
self-study
in the
modules
of
Methodology
3
and Pedagogical Training,
the
author suggests some measures
to
sharpen
student's teaching skills such as designing
e-coursebook
as self-study materials and applying
micro-teaching and other techniques
to
practise students

of
Chemistry's teaching skills,
contributing
to
the training quality
at
tertiary level.
^Khoa
H6a hpc, Tnrdng
Dai
hgc Quy Nhdn
NgSy
nhan bai: 04/4/2012; Ngay
nh^n
dang: 09/6/2012.