GIÁO án ôn tốt NGHIỆP 12

PERIOD 1-6: VERB TENSES
PERIOD 1- 3
I. Aims: Help Ss to review the present and past tenses
II. Class organization:
Class Date of teaching Attendances
III. New lesson:
1. The Simple Present (Thì hiện tại đơn)
a. Form:
- Khẳng định : I , We , You , They … ( S nhiều ) + Vo
He , She , It ( S ít ) + V-s/es
- Phủ định : I , We , You , They + don't + Vo
He , She , It … + doesn't + Vo
- Nghi vấn : Do + We , You , They + Vo … ?
Does + He , She , It … + Vo … ?
b. Usage (Cách dùng ) :
- Diễn tả một chân lí, một sự thật hiển nhiên.
Ex : - The Earth goes round the sun .
- He is a doctor.
- Tom comes from England.
- Diễn tả 1 thói quen hoặc 1 việc xảy ra thường xuyên ở hiện tại ( always, often, usually,
sometimes, now and then, seldom, rarely, never, every ) dùng để nhận biết.
Ex : - He often goes to class late . / My mother gets up early every morning .
- Diễn tả 1 h/đ tương lai đã được sắp xếp, bố trí thực hiện trước thời điểm nói.
Note : a. Cách thêm – es vào sau những động từ tận cùng : o , s , x ,z ,sh , ch
b. Cách phát âm –s/es
2 . The Present Continuous (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
a. Form : - Khẳng định : S + am / is / are + V –ing
- Phủ định : S + am / is / are ( not ) + V -ing
- Nghi vấn : Are / Is + S + V-ing …. ?
Ex: We are studying English now .
b. Usage ( Cách dùng) :

- Diễn tả một hành động đang tiếp diễn ở thời điểm nói ( ở hiện tại)
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết : now , right now = at once , at ( the / this / present ) time, at the
moment, Ra lệnh ( Look ! Listen ! ) Ex : - She is listening to his teacher now
- Diễn tả 1 hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai ( có kế hoạch từ trước)
Ex : She is getting married next year.
Note :* Be going to +Vo dùng để diễn tả 1 hành động sắp xảy ra mà hiện tượng của nó đã xuất
hiện hoặc 1 hành động tương lai có dự định trước.
Ex: The grey dark appears. It is going to rain.
* Một số động từ không được dùng với thì tiếp diễn
want like belong Know suppose remember
need love mean forget prefer hear
believe understand seem have think See
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3 . The Present Perfect (Thì hiện tại hòan thành)
a. Form : - Khẳng định : S + has / have + V
3
, ed
- Phủ định : S + has / have ( not ) V
3
, ed
- Nghi vấn : Has / Have + S + V
3
, ed?
b. Usage (Cách dùng ) :
* Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra hoặc xảy ra không rõ thời gian (thường đi kèm với các từ
just , recently = lately, not yet, ever, never, aleady )
Ex : We haven’t finished our homework yet .
* Diễn tả 1 hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại có khả năng tiếp tục ở tương lai
(thường đi với các từ since , for)
Ex : - They have lived here for ten years .

* Ngòai ra còn có một số cụm từ chỉ thời gian như : so far = until now = up to now ,how long ? It
is the first / second / third … time, twice / many / three…. times.
Note : For ( many, several, 2, 3 / . + times, years, months or a long time = ages ) # since
( last week )
4. The Simple Past (Thì quá khứ đơn )
a. Form : - Khẳng định : S + V2, ed … ( To be : was / were )
- Phủ định : S + did not Vo ….
- Nghi vấn : Did + S + Vo … ?
b. Usage : Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra, chấm dứt trong quá khứ ( đôi khi biết rõ thời gian )
thường có các từ đi kèm : yesterday ,ago , last ( week /night … ) , in 1990 ( thời gian ở quá khứ )
5 . The Past Continuous (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn )
a. Form : S + was / were + V - ing
Ex: We were studying Maths at this time yesterday.
b. Usage :
- Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra vào 1 thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ .
Ex : - What were you doing at 4 p.m yesterday?
- Diễn tả 1 hành động đang xảy ra vào 1 thời điểm xác định ở quá khứ hoặc 1 hành động đang
xảy ra ( hành động này kéo dài hơn ) thì có hành động khác xen vào .
Ex: What were you doing at 4 p.m yesterday?
- Diễn tả 2 hành động đang xảy ra cùng lúc ở quá khứ .
Ex: Yesterday , while I was reading a book , my sister was watching T.V .
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết : at ( the / this / that ) time, at the moment, at 4p.m + thời gian ở quá khứ
(yesterday, last )
Ex : He was watching film at the moment yesterday.
6 . The Past perfect (Thì quá khứ hòan thành )
a. Form : S + had V
3
, ed
b. Usage : Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành động khác trong quá khứ hoặc trước 1 thời
điểm ở quá khứ .

Ex : When I got up this morning , my mother had already left .
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết : before , after
Exercise 1: Give the correct tense of verb in brackets
1, Jack (look) no trouble with my English lesson up to now
2, The weather generally (get) quite hot in July and August
3, That brown briefcase (belong) to Dr. Rice
4, Yes, I (remember) that the order fellow’s noun now
5, Michael (work) thirty eight hours a week
6, I (be) sorry. I (forget) that girl’s name already
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7, How many time you (see) him since he went to Edinburgh
8, Fred’s brother (study) in Oxford university at the moment
9, The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days
10, Up to present, we (write) almost every lesson in the book
Key:
1, Has looked 2, gets 3, belongs
4, remember 5, work 6, am/ have/ forgotten
7, have you seen 8, is studying 9, circles 10, have written
Exercise 2: Supply the correct verbs forms past simple or past progressive tense
1. When I (arrive) at his house, he still (sleep)
2. She (water) the flowers in her garden while her next door neighbor (chat) with her over the fence
3. As we (cross) the street, we (see) an accident.
4. The bell (ring) while Tom (take) a bath
5. She (hear) a noise and (get) out of bed the door (open)
6. The children (play) football when their mother (come) back
7. Who (be) that you (talk) to? I (see) him at the gate. When I (come) in.
8. We (wait) for the bus when he (pass) by in his car and (offer) us a lift.
9. I (be) very tired because I (work) all day yesterday.
10. While the student (heat) the bell, they (get up) and (leave)
Key :

1, arrived/ was sleeping 2, was watering/ was chatting
3, crossed/ saw 4, rang/ was talking
5, heard/ got/ opened 6, were playing/ came
7, was/ talked/ saw/ came 8, were waiting/ passed
9, was/ was working 10, heard/ got up/ left
Exercise 3: Supply the correct verbs forms past simple or past perfect tense
1, We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday
2, He (forget) what I (tell) him. I ( remind) him many times, but he still (not bring) what I (want)
3, He (ask) me whether I (see) his pen on the table. I (tell) him that I (not see) it around
4, If I (wait) a little while longer, I would have meet her. I (not see) her since we last (meet) 2 years
ago
5, They (go) home after they (finish) their work
6, Then we came to the stadium, the match (already, begin)
7, They told me they (not, eat) such kind of food before
8, After talking a bath, he (go) to bed
9, What (be) he when he (be) young
10, It was the first time I (ever, see) such a beautiful girl
Key :
1. Studied 2. forgot/ had told/ had reminded
3. asked/ has seen/ told/ had not seen 4. had waited/ had not seen/ met
5. went/ had finished 6. had already begun
7. hadn’t eaten 8.went
9. was/ was 10. had ever seen
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PERIOD 4-6:
I. Aims: Help Ss to review the future tenses and do exercises on tenses
II. Class organization:
Class Date of teaching Attendances
III. New lesson:
I. Thì tương lai đơn giản (the simple future)

1. Công thức:
(+) S + will + V(nguyên thể)….
(-) S + won’t + V(nguyên thể)….
(?) Will + S + V(nguyên thể)… ?
Chú ý: will not = won’t
2. Cách sử dụng
– Diễn tả hành động sẽ thực hiện trong tương lai (ví dụ a)
– Để diễn tả hành động chúng ta quyết định làm ở thời điểm nói (ví dụ b)
– Hứa hẹn làm việc gì (ví dụ c)
– Đề nghị ai đó làm gì (ví dụ d)
– Chúng ta có thể sử dụng “shall I/shall we…?”để hỏi ý kiến của ai đó (đặc biệt khi đề nghị hoặc gợi
ý) (ví dụ e, f)
3. Ví dụ:
a. I will go to work by bus tomorrow.
b. A: The homework is difficult.
B: Don’t worry, I’ll help you.
c. Thank you for lending me the money. I’ll pay you back on Friday.
d. Will you shut the door, please?
e. Shall I open the window?
f. Where shall we go this evening?
4. Các trạng từ của thì này
- tomorrow
- next week, next month, next year…
- later - in + mốc thời gian trong tương lai: in 2020
5. Quan hệ với hiện tại đơn
Mệnh đề 1 Mệnh đề 2
The simple future When/ if/ till/ untill/ as soon as/ while /
as long as/ before
The simple present
Ví dụ:

As long as I finish my work, I’ll visit you.
They’ll ring me as soon as they get home.
Before I go to work, I’ll have breakfast.
II. Thì tương lai tiếp diễn (the future progressive)
1. Công thức
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(+) S + will + be + V-ing….
(-) S + won’t + be + V-ing…
(?) Will + S + be + V-ing…?
2. Cách sử dụng
– Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong tương lai
– Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra khi một hành động khác xen vào ở tương lai
3. Trạng từ của thì này
- this time + thời gian trong tương lai
- at + giờ + danh từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai: at 5 p.m tomorrow….
- In ten years’ time……
J. Thì tương lai hoàn thành (the future perfect tense)
1. Công thức
(+) S + will + have + P2…
(-) S + won’t + have + P2…
(?) Will + S + have + P2…?
2. Cách sử dụng
– Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu từ trước và kết thúc trước một thời điểm hoặc một hành động khác
ở tương lai.
Exercise 1. Put the verb into the correct form using will or going to.
1. A: Why are you turning on the television?
B: I (watch) the new
2. A: oh , I’ve just realised I haven’t got any money.
B: Don’t worry that’s no problem. I (lend) you some
3. A: Look! There’s smoke coming out of that house. It’s on fire.

B: Good heavens ! I (call) the fire brigade immediately
4. A: What would you like to drink? Tea or coffee?
B: I (have) tea, please
5. A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping?
B: Yes, I (buy) something for dinner
6. I feel terrible. I think I (be) sick
* Key: 1. am going to watch 4, will have
2. will lend 5, am going to buy
3. will call 6, am going to be
Exercise 2. Put the verb into the correct form using future tenses
1. I’m sure they (complete) the new road by June
2. At this same time tomorrow , we (drive) through Da Nang
3. We (see) you next Monday
4. By November I (work) for this company for 6 years
5. If you call her at 6, she (practise) the piano then
6. By March 15, I (be) here for one year.
7. We (move) to our new house at Christmas this year
8. The teacher hopes we (pass) our exams
9. She studies hard. She (pass) her examination.
10. Don’t call him at 2.30. He (interview) job applicants at that time
* Key:
1. will have completed 6. will have been
2. will be driving 7. will move
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3. will see 8. will pass
4. will have been working 9. is going to pass
5. will be practising 10. will be interviewing
Exercise 1: Give the correct tense of verb in brackets
1, Jack (look) no trouble with my English lesson up to now
2, The weather generally (get) quite hot in July and August

3, That brown briefcase (belong) to Dr. Rice
4, Yes, I (remember) that the order fellow’s noun now
5, Michael (work) thirty eight hours a week
6, I (be) sorry. I (forget) that girl’s name already
7, How many time you (see) him since he went to Edinburgh
8, Fred’s brother (study) in Oxford university at the moment
9, The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days
10, Up to present, we (write) almost every lesson in the book
Exercise 2: Supply the correct verbs forms past simple or past progressive tense
1. When I (arrive) at his house, he still (sleep)
2. She (water) the flowers in her garden while her next door neighbor (chat) with her over the fence
3. As we (cross) the street, we (see) an accident.
4. The children (play) football when their mother (come) back
5. Who (be) that you (talk) to? I (see) him at the gate. When I (come) in.
6. We (wait) for the bus when he (pass) by in his car and (offer) us a lift.
7. I (be) very tired because I (work) all day yesterday.
8. While the student (heat) the bell, they (get up) and (leave)
Exercise 3: Supply the correct verbs forms past simple or past perfect tense
1, We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday
2, He (forget) what I (tell) him. I ( remind) him many times, but he still (not bring) what I (want)
3, He (ask) me whether I (see) his pen on the table. I (tell) him that I (not see) it around
4, If I (wait) a little while longer, I would have meet her. I (not see) her since we last (meet) 2 years
ago
5, They (go) home after they (finish) their work
6, What (be) he when he (be) young
7, It was the first time I (ever, see) such a beautiful girl
Exercise 4: Choose one correct answer
1. After he ________ English course, he went to England to continue his study.
A. will finish B. has finished C. had finished D. have been finished
2. I wish I ________ a trip to London last year.

A. had taken B. took C. will take D. take
3. He started living here three years ago.
A. He lived here three years ago. B. He has lived here for three years.
C. He had been living here for three years. D. He had lived here three years ago.
4. Who ________ when I came?
A. were you talking to B. are you talking to C. you are talking to D. you were talking to
5. Please send us a post card as soon as you ________ in London.
A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. arrive D. arrived
6. Now he ________ a book about English. I don’t think he will finish it.
A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. is writing
7. The foreign guest ________ here almost a week.
A. was B. are C. has been D. is
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8. Look! The two boys ________ your window.
A. were painting B. painting C. are painting D. have painted
9. Before he ________ to bed, he ________ his homework.
A. went/ has done B. went/ had done C. goes/ have done D. goes/ did
10. He is the most wonderful person I ________.
A. have ever met B. had ever met C. ever meet D. am meeting
Exercise 1: Choose one correct answer from A,B.C,D
11. We________ for going home when it began to rain
A. has prepared B. are preparing C. will be preparing D. were preparing
12. I haven’t seen him for months.
A. It’s months since I last saw him B. It’s months when I last saw him
C. It’s months before I last saw him D. It’s months after I last saw him
13. Tim________ his hair while I ________ up the kitchen
A. washed-was cleaned B. was washing-was cleaning
C. was washing-cleaned D. washed-cleaned
14. Working for 12 hours a day ________ her very tired.
A. makes B. made C. make D. making

15. I am so happy to hear from Mary because I haven’t seen her ________ last year.
A. for B. on C. since D. later
16. As she ________ a letter last night, the lights suddenly ________ out.
A. was writing/ went B. wrote/ went
C. was writing/ was going D. writes/ went
17. How ________ since we ________ school?
A. are you/ left B. will you be/ had left
C. have you been/ had left D. have you been / left
18. I ________ my uncle’s home many times when I ________ a child.
A. visited/ is B. visits/ was C. visited/ was D. visited/ were
19. It ________ me half an hour to get to the supermarket yesterday.
A. take B. takes C. took D. spent
20. I can’t believe that my expensive bicycle ________ last night.
A. was stolen B. was stealing C. is stolen D. stole
21. I ________ here for more than 10 years.
A. have taught B. taught C. teach D. is teaching
22. As I ________ my homework, he came yesterday afternoon.
A. did B. were doing C. am doing D. was doing
23. At this time yesterday, everyone ________. in the room.
A. is dancing B. was dancing C. dances D. danced
24. After Mary________ her degree, she intends to work in her father's company.
A. will finish B. is finishing C. finishes D. will have finished
25. A small stone struck the windshield while we ________ down the road.
A. drive B. were driving C. had driven D. had been driving
26. Mr. Hân is going to the USA for his holiday. He ________ up for nearly a year now.
A. has saved B. is saving C. saves D. has been saving
27. The carpet ________.
A. hasn’t been cleaned yet. B. hasn't cleaned yet.
C. have yet been cleaned. D. has cleaned.
28. "Did you have a good time abroad?" - She asked me if ________.

A. I have a good time abroad. B. I had good time abroad.
C. I had had a good time abroad. D. I have had a good time abroad.
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29. ________ this letter ________ last night?
A. Is/ written B. Is/ wrote C. Was/ written D. Were/ written
30. The houses where I used to live ________ very comfortable.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
Exercise 2: Find and correct mistake
1. I had ran before you called me.
A B C D
2. I had hidden your wallet before you find it yesterday.
A B C D
3. Mary had dug before you plant trees yesterday afternoon.
A B C D
4. I had have wonderful love before you appeared in my life.
A B C D
5. I had burnt my body before they say good bye to me.
A B C D
6. My aunt work in London before she had moved to Norwich.
A B C D
7. The Norwegians planted their flag at the summit just before the British team arrived.
A B C D
8. By the time I come, they had finished watching film.
A B C D
9. I felt as if I betrayed a confidence.
A B C D
10. Yesterday I wished I have money.
A B C D
11. I thought as though he hasn't eaten anything.
A B C D

12. Lan wished she had pass the exanimation.
A B C D
13. After he come home, he continued going.
A B C D
14. I doubted as if she leave home.
A B C D
15. She had be ill before I came.
A B C D
16. After they had gone, I sit down and rested.
A B C D
17. Before she watched TV, she did her homework.
A B C D
18. When we came to the stadium, the match has already begun.
A B C D
19. She said that she had already see Derrick.
A B C D
20. They told me they hadn't ate such kind of food before.
A B C D
21. Lan said to me that she has met her boyfriend.
A B C D
22. I has come home before you had accident last night.
A B C D
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23. He told that he had met a ghost the day before yesterday.
A B C D
24. Lan has lived in Ho Chi Minh City for 1999.
A B C D
Period 7-9: Passive voice
I. Aims: Help Ss to review the active and the passive voice
II. Class organization:

Class Date of teaching Attendances
III. New lesson:
A. CÁCH CHUYỂN CÂU CHỦ ĐỘNG (ACTIVE SENTENCE) SANG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
(PASSIVE).
1. Cấu trúc câu tổng quát:
Active: S + V + O -> Passive: O + Be + Pii + (By + S)
Ghi chú:
- Đối với động từ Theo quy tắc (REGULAR) thì Phân từ quá khứ là “V-ED”
- Đối với động từ Bất quy tắc (IRREGULAR) thì Phân từ quá khứ ở cột III bảng “ĐỘNG TỪ BẤT
QUY TẮC”: Ví dụ: to take – took – taken: (taken= past participle)
B. CÁCH DÙNG: - Câu bị động tiếng Anh thường được dùng với nghĩa “được” hay “bị” với các
mục đích sau:
1. Nhấn mạnh vào người chịu tác động hay nhận tác động hơn là người gây ra tác động đó.
Ví dụ: He was rescued yesterday. (Anh ta đã được giải cứu hôm qua)
2. Khi không biết người gây ra tác động đó là ai.
Ví dụ: My book was taken away. (Cuốn sách của tôi đã bị lấy đi)
3. Khi bản thân người nói vì lý do nào đó không nêu ra người gây ra tác động hay hành động đó.
Ví dụ: I was informed about your business trip. (Tôi đã được thông tin về chuyến công tác của anh)
C MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM CỦA CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG TIẾNG ANH
1. Chỉ có Ngoại động từ (transitive verbs) mới có thể dùng trong câu bị động.
- “Ngoại động từ” là loại động từ có một “Tân ngữ” đứng sau.
Ví dụ: He meets me everyday. (Anh ấy gặp tôi)
(Phân tích: “meet” được gọi là “Ngoại động từ” vì nó có “Tân ngữ” (me) đứng sau)
- “Tân ngữ” được định nghĩa là bộ phận đứng sau động từ hoặc giới từ để chỉ người hay vật chịu tác
động hay tiếp nhận tác động do chủ ngữ câu gây ra. “Tân ngữ” có thể là Đại từ
(me,him,her,us,you,them,it) hoặc cụm từ như “My book” trong câu “He borrowed my book
2. Câu bị động có thể dùng trong hầu hết các thời của tiếng Anh. Sau đây là một số thời chính của
tiếng Anh
a. HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN GIẢN:
Am/ Are/ Is + Past Participle

e. QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN
Was/ Were + being + Past Participle
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- The floor is cleaned.
- Photos are taken.
b. QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN GIẢN
Were/ Was + Past Participle
- The floor was cleaned.
- Photos were taken.
c.TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN GIẢN
Will be + Past Participle
- The floor will be cleaned.
- Photos will be taken.
d. HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN
Am/ Is/ Are + being + Past participle
- The floor is being cleaned.
- Photos are being taken.
- The floor was being cleaned.
- Photos were being taken.
f. HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
Has/ Have + been + Past Participle
- The floor has been cleaned.
- Photos have been taken.
g. QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH
Had + been + Past Participle
- The floor had been cleaned.
- Photos had been taken.
h. TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH
Will have + been + Past Participle
- The floor will have been cleaned.

- Photos will have been taken.
3. Câu bị động có thể dùng với các động từ tình thái như “can”, “may”, “must”, “need”, “should”,
v.v …
Ví dụ: This car should be repaired. (Cái xe này nên được sửa chữa)
This problem must be solved. (Vấn đề này phải được giải quyết)
Exercise 1: Change these sentences into passive voice
1.She didn’t introduce me to her mother
2.The government hasn’t changed the regulation
3.They are repairing my piano at the moment
4.The fire destroyed many houses in my neighborhood
5.They will return those books to the library tomorrow
6.Someone stole her bike last night
7.He was preparing the report when I came
8.They keep those maps on the shelf for reference
9.The tamer ordered the lion to lie on the floor
10.My friends are making some phone calls in the evening
Key :
1. I wasn’t introduced to her mother by her
2. The regulation hasn’t been changed by the government
3, My piano is being repaired at the moment
4. Many houses were destroyed by the fire in my neighborhood
5, Those books will be returned to the library
6. Her bike was stolen last night
7. The report was being prepared when I came
8. The maps are kept on the sheft for reference
9. The lion was ordered to lie on the floor
10. Some phone calls are made by my friends in the evening
Exercise 2: Choose best answer
1. They gave the job to Amy and Bob.
A) Amy and Bob are given a job. B) A job was given to Amy and Bob.

C) Amy and Bob was given a job. D) A job were given to Amy and Bob.
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2. They started the work last week.
A) The work was started last week. B) The work are started last week.
C) The work were started last week. D) The work is started last week.
3. They finished the kitchen’s building on Saturday.
A) The kitchen’s building was finished on Saturday.
B) The kitchen’s building were finished on Saturday.
C) The kitchen’s building is finished on Saturday.
D) The kitchen’s building are finished on Saturday.
4. Somebody calls the president everyday.
A) The president was called every day. B) The president are called every day.
C) The president is called every day. D) The president were called every day.
5. Last Thursday we pointed a new marketing manager.
A) A new marketing manager is pointed last Thursday.
B) A new marketing manager were pointed last Thursday.
C) A new marketing manager are pointed last Thursday.
D) A new marketing manager was pointed last Thursday.
6. William, the conqueror built the castle in the 11
th
century.
A) The castle are built by William, the conqueror in the 11
th
century.
B) The castle were built by William, the conqueror in the 11
th
century.
C) The castle was built by William, the conqueror in the 11
th
century.

D) The castle is built by William, the conqueror in the 11
th
century.
7. People believed that somebody murdered Miss. Stone.
A) It is said that Miss. Stone was murdered.
B) It were said that Miss. Stone was murdered.
C) It was believed that Miss. Stone was murdered.
D) People believed that Miss. Stone murdered.
8. We put a notice about the trip on the notice board yesterday.
A) A notice about the trip on the notice board put yesterday.
B) A notice about the trip on the notice board was put yesterday.
C) A notice about the trip on the notice board is put yesterday.
D) A notice about the trip on the notice board are put yesterday.
9. People think that an apple a day is good for you.
A) It is thought that an apple a day is good for you.
B) It was thought that an apple a day is good for you.
C) They are thought that an apple a day is good for you.
D) They thought that an apple a day is good for you.
10. The cold weather damaged the plants.
A) The plants were damaged by the cold weather.
B) The plants was damaged by the cold weather.
C) The plants are damaged by the cold weather.
D) The plants is damaged by the cold weather.
11. They were doing the bedroom on Friday.
A) The bedroom were being done on Friday. B) The bedroom is done on Friday
C) The bedroom was being done on Friday D) The bedroom are done on Friday
12. They’re painting the living room now.
A) The living room is painting now. B) The living room is painted now.
C) The living room is being painting now. D) The living room is being painted now.
13. Martha was delivering the documents to the department.

A) The documents was being delivered to the department by Martha.
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B) The documents was delivered to the department by Martha.
C) The documents was being delivering to the department by Martha.
D) The documents is being delivered to the department by Martha.
14. The mayor is going to open a new airport.
A) A new airport is going to opened by the mayor.
B) A new airport is going to open by the mayor
C) A new airport is going to be opened by the mayor
D) A new airport is going to be open by the mayor
15. If you can’t drive, who is going to drive your car?
A) If you can’t drive, who is going to be driven your car?
B) If you can’t drive, by whom is your car going to be driven?
C) If you can’t drive, whom is your car going to be driven?
D) If you can’t drive, who your car is going to drive?
16. The police are interviewing all the witnesses.
A) All the witnesses are interviewing the police.
B) All the witnesses are being interviewed by the police.
C) All the witnesses is interviewed the police.
D) All the witnesses were being interviewed by the police.
17. We’re going to give David a big surprise.
A) A big surprise is going to give David B) A big surprise is going to be given to David
C) David is going to give a big surprise D) David is going to be given to a big surprise
18. They have painted the walls green.
A) The walls has painted green. B) The green has been painted walls
C) The walls have been painted green D) The walls have painted to green
19. They will finish the work next week.
A) The work will be finish next week. B) The work will be finishing next week.
C) The work will finish next week. D) The work will be finished next week.
20. The delegates (đoàn đại biểu) had received the information before the recess ( thời gian

nghỉ giữa buổi).
A) The information had received the delegates before the recess.
B) The information had been received before the recess the delegates.
C) The information had been received before the recess by the delegates.
D) The information had received before the recess the delegates.
21. The teacher should buy the supplies for this class.
A) The supplies should buy the teacher for this class
B) The supplies should buy this class for the teacher
C) The supplies should be bought for this class by the teacher
D) The supplies should be bought for the teacher by this class
22. Somebody will call Mr. Watson tonight.
A) Mr. Watson will call somebody tonight. B) Mr. Watson will be call tonight.
C) Mr. Watson tonight will call somebody. D) Mr. Watson will be called tonight.
23. The fire has caused a considerable damage.
A) A considerable damage been has caused the fire.
B) A considerable damage has caused the fire.
C) A considerable damage has been caused by the fire.
D) A considerable damage has caused by the fire.
24. John will have received the papers by tomorrow.
A) The papers will have been received by tomorrow by John.
B) The papers will have received John by tomorrow.
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C) The papers will have been received John by tomorrow.
D) The papers will have received tomorrow by John.
25. They haven’t decided anything yet.
A) Nothing has been decided yet. B) Anything haven’t been decided yet.
C) Nothing has decided yet. D) Anything have decided yet.
26. Your hair is long. You ought to get it cut.
A) Your long hair needs cutting. B) You ought to have your long hair cut.
C) Your long hair should be cut. D) All are correct.

27. The medical profession borrowed the technology from the other fields.
A) The technology borrowed the medical profession from the other fields.
B) The technology was borrowed from the other fields by the medical profession.
C) The technology were borrowed from the other fields the medical profession.
D) The technology from the other fields borrowed by the medical profession.
28. The surgeons arranged for the installation of a TV screen in the operating theatre.
A) The installation of a TV screen in the operating theatre arranged the surgeons.
B) The installation of a TV screen in the operating theatre arranged by the surgeons.
C) The installation of a TV screen in the operating theatre were arranged by the surgeons.
D) The installation of a TV screen in the operating theatre was arranged by the surgeons.
29. They first drew up emergency plans, later abandoned to build new cities.
A) Emergency plans was first drown up and later abandoned to build new cities.
B) Emergency plans were first drown up and later abandoned to build new cities.
C) Emergency plans are first drown up and later abandoned to build new cities.
D) Emergency plans is first drown up and later abandoned to build new cities.
30. They had to make plans for extra places in schools in the 1990s.
A) Extra places in schools had to be made plans in the 1990s.
B) Extra places in schools in the 1990s had to make plans
C) Extra places in schools were had to make plans in the 1990s
D) Extra places in the 1990s in schools had to make plans
__________________________________________________________________________________
PERIOD 10-12 : SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENT
I. Aims: Help Ss to review the subject & verb agreement
II. Class organization:
Class Date of teaching Attendances
III. New lesson:
1 Sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ
Trong một câu tiếng Anh, chủ ngữ và động từ phải phù hợp với nhau về ngôi và số (số ít hay số nhiều)
The worker works very well.
số ít số ít

The workers work very well.
số nhiều số nhiều
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1.1 Các trường hợp chủ ngữ đứng tách khỏi động từ
Trong câu tiếng Anh, có nhiều trường hợp rất khó xác định được đâu là chủ ngữ của câu do chủ ngữ và
động từ không đi liền với nhau.
The boys in the room are playing chess.
Thông thường trong các trường hợp đó, một ngữ giới từ (một giới từ mở đầu và các danh từ theo sau –
in the room) thường nằm giữa chủ ngữ và động từ. Các ngữ giới từ này không ảnh hưởng đến việc chia
động từ.
The study of languages is very interesting.
Serveral theories on this subject have been proposed
Các cụm từ sau cùng với các danh từ đi theo sau nó tạo nên hiện tường đồng chủ ngữ. Chúng đứng giữa
chủ ngữ và động từ, phân tách khỏi 2 thành phần đó bởi dấu phảy. Chúng cũng không có ảnh hưởng gì
đến việc chia động từ.
Together with along with accompanied by as well as
Mary, along with her manager and some friends, is going to a party tonight.
Mr. Robbins, accompanied by her wife and children, is arriving tonight.
Nếu 2 danh từ làm chủ ngữ nối với nhau bằng and thì động từ phải chia ở ngôi thứ 3 số nhiều (tương
đương với they)
Mary and her manager are going to a party tonight.
Nhưng nếu 2 đồng chủ ngữ nối với nhau bằng or thì động từ phải chia theo danh từ đứng sau or. Nếu
danh từ đó là số ít thì động từ phải chia số ít và ngược lại.
Mary or her manager is going to answer the press interview.
1.2 Các từ luôn đi với danh từ hoặc đại từ số ít
Đó là các danh từ ở bảng sau (còn gọi là các đại từ phiếm chỉ).
any + singular noun no + singular noun some + singular noun
anybody
anyone
anything

nobody
no one
nothing
somebody
someone
something
every + singular noun
everybody everyone everything
each either * neither *
* Either và neither là số ít nếu chúng không đi với or hoặc nor. Either (có nghĩa 1 trong 2) chỉ dùng cho
2 người hoặc 2 vật. Nếu 3 người (vật) trở lên phải dùng any. Neither (không một ai trong hai) chỉ dùng
cho 2 người, 2 vật. Nếu 3 người (vật) trở lên dùng not any.
Everybody who wants to buy a ticket should be in this line.
Something is in my eye.
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Anybody who has lost his ticket should report to the desk.
Neither of his pens is able to be used.
1.3 Cách sử dụng None và No
None và No đều dùng được với cả danh từ số ít và số nhiều.
· Nếu sau None of the là một danh từ không đếm được thì động từ phải ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít. Nếu sau nó là
một danh từ số nhiều thì động từ phải chia ở ngôi thứ 3 số nhiều.
None of the + non-count noun + singular verb
None of the + plural count noun + plural verb
None of the counterfeit money has been found.
None of the students have finished the exam yet.
· Nếu sau No là một danh từ đếm được số ít hoặc không đếm được thì động từ phải ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít.
Nếu sau nó là một danh từ số nhiều thì động từ phải ở ngôi thứ 3 số nhiều
No + {singular noun / non-count noun} + singular verb
No + plural noun + plural verb
No example is relevant to this case.

No examples are relevant to this case.
1.4 Cách sử dụng cấu trúc either or (hoặc hoặc) và neither nor (không mà cũng không)
Điều cần lưu ý nhất khi sử dụng cấu trúc này là động từ phải chia theo danh từ đi sau or hoặc nor. Nếu
danh từ đó là số ít thì động từ chia ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít và ngược lại. Nếu or hoặc nor xuất hiện một mình
(không có either hoặc neither) thì cũng áp dụng quy tắc tương tự (như đã đề cập ở phần trên)
Neither John nor his friends are going to the beach today.
Either John or his friends are going to the beach today
1.5 V-ing làm chủ ngữ
Khi V-ing dùng làm chủ ngữ thì động từ cũng phải chia ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít.
Knowing her has made him what he is.
Người ta sẽ dùng V-ing khi muốn diễn đạt 1 hành động cụ thể xảy ra nhất thời nhưng khi muốn diễn đạt
bản chất của sự vật, sự việc thì phải dùng danh từ
Dieting is very popular today.
15
Diet is for those who suffer from a cerain disease.
Động từ nguyên thể cũng có thể dùng làm chủ ngữ và động từ sau nó sẽ chia ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít. Nhưng
người ta thường dùng chủ ngữ giả it để mở đầu câu.
To find the book is necessary for him = It is necessary for him to find the book.
Bài tập 1: Lựa chọn dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:
1. John, along with twenty friends, (is/are) planning a party.
2. The picture of the soldiers (bring/brings) back many memories.
3. The quality of this recordings (is/are) not very good.
4. The effects of cigarette smoking (have/has) been proven to be extremely harmful.
5. The use of credit cards in place of cash (have/has) increased rapidly in recent years.
6. Neither Bill nor Mary (is/are) going to the play tonight.
7. Anything (is/are) better than going to another movie tonight.
8. A number of reporters (was/were) at the conference yesterday.
9. Your glasses (was/were) on the bureau last night.
10. The committee (has/have) already reached a decision.
Đáp án

1. is 2. brings
3. is 4. have
5. has 6. is
7. is 8. were
9. were 10. has
1.6 Các danh từ tập thể
Đó là các danh từ ở bảng sau dùng để chỉ 1 nhóm người hoặc 1 tổ chức nhưng trên thực tế chúng là
những danh từ số ít, do vậy các đại từ và động từ theo sau chúng cũng ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít.
Congress
family
group
committee
class
Organization
team
army
club
crowd
Government
jury
majority*
minority
public
The committee has met, and it has rejected the proposal.
The family was elated by the news.
The crowd was wild with excitement
Tuy nhiên nếu các thành viên trong nhóm đang hoạt động riêng rẽ, động từ sẽ chia ở ngôi thứ 3 số
nhiều:
Congress votes for the bill. (Quốc hội bỏ phiếu cho dự luật, gồm tất cả mọi người)
Congress are discussing about the bill. (Quốc hội đang tranh luận về dự luật, tức là một số tán thành,

một số phản đối. Thi TOEFL không bắt lỗi này).
* Danh từ majority được dùng tuỳ theo thành phần sau nó để chia động từ
The majority + singular verb
The majority of the + plural noun + plural verb
16
The majority believes that we are in no danger.
The majority of the students believe him to be innocent.
· The police/the sheep/the fish + plural verb.
The sheep are breaking away
The police come only to see the dead bodies and a ruin in the bank
· A couple + singular verb
A couple is walking on the path
· The couple + plural verb
The couple are racing their horses through the meadow.
· Các cụm từ ở nhóm sau chỉ một nhóm động vật hoặc gia súc. Cho dù sau giới từ of là danh từ số nhiều
thì động từ vẫn chia theo ngôi chủ ngữ chính – ngôi thứ 3 số ít: flock of birds/ sheep, school of fish,
herd of cattle, pride of lions, pack of dogs
The flock of birds is circling overhead.
The herd of casttle is breaking away.
A school of fish is being attacked by sharks.
· Tất cả các danh từ tập thể chỉ thời gian, tiền bạc, số đo, khi được đề cập đến như một thể thống nhất
thì đều được xem là một danh từ số ít. Do đó các động từ và đại từ theo sau chúng phải ở ngôi thứ 3 số
ít.
Twenty-five dollars is too much for the meal.
Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test
1.7 Cách sử dụng a number of, the number of:
A number of = “Một số những ”, đi với danh từ số nhiều, động từ chia ở số nhiều.
A number of + plural noun + plural verb
A number of students are going to the class picnic (Một số sinh viên sẽ đi )
A number of applicants have already been interviewed.

The number of = “Số lượng những ”, đi với danh từ số nhiều, động từ vẫn ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít.
The number of + plural noun + singular verb
The number of days in a week is seven. (Số lượng ngày trong tuần là 7)
The number of residents who have been questioned on this matter is quite small.
1.8 Các danh từ luôn ở số nhiều
Bảng sau là những danh từ bao giờ cũng ở hình thái số nhiều vì chúng bao gồm 2 thực thể nên các đại
từ và động từ đi cùng với chúng cũng phải ở số nhiều.
scissors
shorts
pants
jeans
tongs
trousers
eyeglasses
pliers
tweezers
17
Nếu muốn chúng thành ngôi số ít phải dùng a pair of
The pants are in the drawer.
A pair of pants is in the drawer.
These scissors are dull. (Cái kéo này cùn. Chú ý chỉ có 1 cái kéo nhưng cũng dùng với these)
1.9 Cách dùng there is, there are
Được dùng để chỉ sự tồn tại của người hoặc vật tại một nơi nào đó. Chủ ngữ thật của câu là là danh từ
đi sau động từ. Nếu nó là danh từ số ít thì động từ to be chia ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít và ngược lại. Mọi biến
đổi về thời và thể đều ở to be còn there giữ nguyên.
There has been an increase in the importation of foreign cars.
There have been a number of telephone calls today.
There were too many people at the party.
Lưu ý:
• Các cấu trúc: there is certain/ sure/ likely/ bound to be = chắc chắn là sẽ có

There is sure to be trouble when she gets his letter. (Chắc chắn là sẽ có rắc rối khi cô ấy nhận
được thư anh ta)
Do you think there is likely to be snow. (Anh cho rằng chắc chắn sẽ có tuyết chứ)
• Trong dạng tiếng Anh quy chuẩn hoặc văn chương một số các động từ khác ngoài to be cũng
được sử dụng với there:
Động từ trạng thái: stand/ lie/ remain/ exist/ live
Động từ chỉ sự đến: enter/ go/ come/ follow/ develop
In a small town in Germany there once lived a poor shoemaker.
18
There remains nothing more to be done . (Chả còn có gì nữa mà làm)
Suddenly there entered a strange figure dressed all in black.
• There + subject pronoun + go/ come/ be: kìa/ thế là/ rồi thì
There he comes (Anh ta đã đến rồi kia kìa)
Bài tập 2 : Chia động từ phù hợp với chủ ngữ:
1 The boys in the room (is/are) playing chess
2 To find the book (is/are) necessary for him
3 A number of applicants (have/has) already been interviewed
4 Washing with special cream (is/are) recommended for scalp infection
5 Nobody (work/works) harder than John does
6 The family (was/were) elated by the news
7 Dieting (is/are) very popular today
8 The study of languages (is/are) very interesting
9 No problem (is/are) harder than this one
10 Either John or Bill (is/are) going to the beach today
11 None of the students (have/has) finished the exam yet
12 The pants (is/are) in the drawer
13 Our team (is/are) going to win the game
14 Neither the director nor the secretary (want/wants) to leave yet
* Key:
1. are 8. is

2. is 9. is
3. have 10. is
4. is 11. has
5. works 12. are
6. were 13. are
7. is 14. wants
PERIOD 13-18: VERB FORM
P13-15:
I. Aims: Help Ss to review the verb form (gerund and infinitive)
II. Class organization:
Class Date of teaching Attendances
III. New lesson:
1. Động danh từ (the gerund)
1.1. Cấu tạo của động danh từ:
động từ + ing
1.2. Cách sử dụng của the gerund
+ Là chủ ngữ của câu:
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dancing bored him
+ Bổ ngữ của động từ:
her hobby is painting
+ Là bổ ngữ:
seeing is believing
+ Sau giới từ:
he was accused of smuggling
+ Sau một vài động từ
1.3. Một số cách dùng đặc biệt
• Verb + V-ing:
Những động từ sau được theo sau bởi V-ing:
Admit, avoid, delay, enjoy, excuse, consider, deny, finish, imagine, forgive, keep, mind, miss,

postpone, practise, resist, risk, stop, remember, forget, regret, suggest, like, propose, detest, dread,
resent, pardon, try, fancy.
Ví dụ:
He admitted taking the money
Would you consider selling the property?
He kept complaining.
He didn’t want to risk getting wet.
Các cụm từ/ đoản ngữ sau đây theo sau cũng là V-ing:
Can’t help/ can’t bear/ can’t stand: không thể chịu đựng nổi
It’s (not) worth: (không) đáng giá
It’s no use: thật vô dụng It’s no good: vô ích
There’s no point in: Chẳng có lý do gì/ lợi gì
Have difficulty (in): Có khó khăn trong vấn đề gì
A waste of money/ time: tốn tiền/ mất thời gian
Be busy (with): bận rộn với cái gì Look forward to: trông mong, chờ đợi
Be (get) used to: quen với cái gì Object to: phản đối Confess to: thú tội,
nhận tội
Ví dụ:
I couldn’t help laughing.
It’s no use arguing.
Is there anything here worth buying?
2. The infinitive (động từ nguyên thể)
Một số cách dùng động từ nguyên thể đặc biệt:
• Verb + the infinitive:
Những động từ sau được theo sau trực tiếp bởi the infinitive:
Agree, appear, arrange, attempt, ask, decide, determine, be determined, fail, endeavour, forget,
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happen, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, promise, prove, refuse, remember, seem, tend,
threaten, try, volunteer expect, want, mean.
Ví dụ:

She agreed to pay $50.
• Verb + how/what/when/where/ which/why + infinitive
Những động từ sử dụng công thức này là ask, decide, discover, find out, forget, know, learn,
remember, see, show + object, think, understand, want to know, wonder.
He discovered how to open the safe.
I found out where to buy fruit cheaply.
• Verb + object + the infinitive:
Những động từ theo công thức này là advise, allow, enable, encourage, forbid, force, hear, instruct,
invite, let, order, permit, persuade, request, remind, see, train, teach how, urge, warn, tempt.
Ví dụ:
These glasses will enable you to see in the dark.
• Assume, believe, consider, feel, know, suppose, understand + (object) + to be:
I consider him to be the best candidate
= He is considered to be the best candidate
3. Chú ý:
Một số động từ có thể đi cùng với cả động từ nguyên thể và V-ing, hãy so sánh sự khác nhau về ý
nghĩa giữa chúng.
Stop + V-ing: dừng làm gì
Stop making noise! (dừng làm ồn)
Stop + to V: dừng để làm gì
I stop to smoke (tôi dừng lại để hút thuốc)
Remember/forget/regret + to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại và tương lai)
Remember to send this letter (hãy nhớ gửi bức thư này).
Remember/forget/regret + V-ing: nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ).
I paid her $2. I still remember that. I still remember paying her $2.
(tôi nhớ đã trả cô ấy 2 đô la)
Try + to V: cố gắng làm gì
I try to pass the exam. (tôi cố gắng vượt qua kì thi)
Try + V-ing: thử làm gì
You should try unlocking the door with this key. (bạn nên thử mở cửa với chiếc khóa này)

Like + V-ing: thích làm gì vì nó thú vị, hay, cuốn hút, làm để thưởng thức
I like watching TV.
Like + to V: làm việc đó vì nó là tốt và cần thiết.
I want to have a job. I like to learn English.
Would like + to V: mời ai đi đâu
Would you like to go to the cinema?
Prefer + doing something + to + doing something else.
I prefer driving to travelling by train.
Prefer + to do something + rather than (do) something else
I prefer to drive rather than travel by train.
Need + to V: cần làm gì
I need to go to school today.
Need/want/require + V-ing: mang nghĩa bị động (cần được làm gì)
Your hair needs cutting (tóc của bạn cần được cắt ngắn)
Be used to + V-ing: quen với việc gì (ở hiện tại)
I’m used to getting up early. (tôi quen với việc dậy sớm)
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Used to + V: thường làm gì trong quá khứ (bây giờ không làm nữa)
I used to get up early when I lived in Bac Giang
Advise/ allow/ permit/ recommend + object + to V: Khuyên/cho phép/đề nghị ai làm gì
He advised me to apply at once.
Advise/ allow/ permit/ recommend + Ving: Khuyên/ cho phép/ đề nghị làm gì
He advised applying at once.
They don't allow parking here.
See / hear/ smell/ feel/ notice/ watch + object + V-ing: Cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người
nói chỉ chứng kiến một phần của hành động:
I see him passing my house everyday.
She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising.
See / hear/ smell/ feel/ notice/ watch + object + V(nguyển thể không có 'to'): Cấu trúc này được
sử dụng khi người nói chỉ chứng kiến toàn bộ hành động:

We saw him leave the house.
I heard him make arrangements for his journey.
Bài tập 1: Chọn dạng đúng của động từ sau:
1. The teacher decided (accepting/to accept) the paper.
2. They appreciate (to have/having) this information.
3. His father doesn’t approve of his (going/ to go) to Europe.
4. We found it very difficult (reaching/ to reach) a decision.
5. Donna is interested in (to open/opening) a bar.
6. George has no intention of (to leave/leaving) the city now.
7. We are eager (to return/returning) to school in the fall.
8. We would be better off (to buy/ buying) this car.
9. She refused (to accept/ accepting) the gift.
10. Mary regrets (to be/being) the one to have to tell him.
11. George pretended (to be/being) sick yesterday.
12. Carlos hopes (to finish/finishing) his thesis this year.
13. They agreed (to leave/leaving) early.
14. Helen was anxious (to tell/ telling) her family about her promotion.
15. We are not ready (to stop/stopping) this research at this time.
16. Henry shouldn’t risk (to drive/driving) so fast.
17. He demands (to know/knowing) what is going on.
18. She is looking forward to (return/returning) to her country.
19. There is no excuse for (to leave/leaving) the room in this condition.
20. Gerald returned to his home after (to leave/leaving) the game.
________________________________________________________________________________
PERIOD 13-18: VERB FORM
P13-15:
I. Aims: Help Ss to review the verb form (gerund and infinitive)
II. Class organization:
Class Date of teaching Attendances
22

III. New lesson:
1. Động danh từ (the gerund)
1.1. Cấu tạo của động danh từ:
động từ + ing
1.2. Cách sử dụng của the gerund
+ Là chủ ngữ của câu:
dancing bored him
+ Bổ ngữ của động từ:
her hobby is painting
+ Là bổ ngữ:
seeing is believing
+ Sau giới từ:
he was accused of smuggling
+ Sau một vài động từ
1.3. Một số cách dùng đặc biệt
• Verb + V-ing:
Những động từ sau được theo sau bởi V-ing:
Admit, avoid, delay, enjoy, excuse, consider, deny, finish, imagine, forgive, keep, mind, miss,
postpone, practise, resist, risk, stop, remember, forget, regret, suggest, like, propose, detest, dread,
resent, pardon, try, fancy.
Ví dụ:
He admitted taking the money
Would you consider selling the property?
He kept complaining.
He didn’t want to risk getting wet.
Các cụm từ/ đoản ngữ sau đây theo sau cũng là V-ing:
Can’t help/ can’t bear/ can’t stand: không thể chịu đựng nổi
It’s (not) worth: (không) đáng giá
It’s no use: thật vô dụng It’s no good: vô ích
There’s no point in: Chẳng có lý do gì/ lợi gì

Have difficulty (in): Có khó khăn trong vấn đề gì
A waste of money/ time: tốn tiền/ mất thời gian
Be busy (with): bận rộn với cái gì Look forward to: trông mong, chờ đợi
Be (get) used to: quen với cái gì Object to: phản đối Confess to: thú tội,
nhận tội
Ví dụ:
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I couldn’t help laughing.
It’s no use arguing.
Is there anything here worth buying?
2. The infinitive (động từ nguyên thể)
Một số cách dùng động từ nguyên thể đặc biệt:
• Verb + the infinitive:
Những động từ sau được theo sau trực tiếp bởi the infinitive:
Agree, appear, arrange, attempt, ask, decide, determine, be determined, fail, endeavour, forget,
happen, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, promise, prove, refuse, remember, seem, tend,
threaten, try, volunteer expect, want, mean.
Ví dụ:
She agreed to pay $50.
• Verb + how/what/when/where/ which/why + infinitive
Những động từ sử dụng công thức này là ask, decide, discover, find out, forget, know, learn,
remember, see, show + object, think, understand, want to know, wonder.
He discovered how to open the safe.
I found out where to buy fruit cheaply.
• Verb + object + the infinitive:
Những động từ theo công thức này là advise, allow, enable, encourage, forbid, force, hear, instruct,
invite, let, order, permit, persuade, request, remind, see, train, teach how, urge, warn, tempt.
Ví dụ:
These glasses will enable you to see in the dark.
• Assume, believe, consider, feel, know, suppose, understand + (object) + to be:

I consider him to be the best candidate
= He is considered to be the best candidate
3. Chú ý:
Một số động từ có thể đi cùng với cả động từ nguyên thể và V-ing, hãy so sánh sự khác nhau về ý
nghĩa giữa chúng.
Stop + V-ing: dừng làm gì
Stop making noise! (dừng làm ồn)
Stop + to V: dừng để làm gì
I stop to smoke (tôi dừng lại để hút thuốc)
Remember/forget/regret + to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại và tương lai)
Remember to send this letter (hãy nhớ gửi bức thư này).
Remember/forget/regret + V-ing: nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ).
I paid her $2. I still remember that. I still remember paying her $2.
(tôi nhớ đã trả cô ấy 2 đô la)
Try + to V: cố gắng làm gì
I try to pass the exam. (tôi cố gắng vượt qua kì thi)
Try + V-ing: thử làm gì
You should try unlocking the door with this key. (bạn nên thử mở cửa với chiếc khóa này)
Like + V-ing: thích làm gì vì nó thú vị, hay, cuốn hút, làm để thưởng thức
I like watching TV.
Like + to V: làm việc đó vì nó là tốt và cần thiết.
I want to have a job. I like to learn English.
Would like + to V: mời ai đi đâu
Would you like to go to the cinema?
Prefer + doing something + to + doing something else.
I prefer driving to travelling by train.
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Prefer + to do something + rather than (do) something else
I prefer to drive rather than travel by train.
Need + to V: cần làm gì

I need to go to school today.
Need/want/require + V-ing: mang nghĩa bị động (cần được làm gì)
Your hair needs cutting (tóc của bạn cần được cắt ngắn)
Be used to + V-ing: quen với việc gì (ở hiện tại)
I’m used to getting up early. (tôi quen với việc dậy sớm)
Used to + V: thường làm gì trong quá khứ (bây giờ không làm nữa)
I used to get up early when I lived in Bac Giang
Advise/ allow/ permit/ recommend + object + to V: Khuyên/cho phép/đề nghị ai làm gì
He advised me to apply at once.
Advise/ allow/ permit/ recommend + Ving: Khuyên/ cho phép/ đề nghị làm gì
He advised applying at once.
They don't allow parking here.
See / hear/ smell/ feel/ notice/ watch + object + V-ing: Cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người
nói chỉ chứng kiến một phần của hành động:
I see him passing my house everyday.
She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising.
See / hear/ smell/ feel/ notice/ watch + object + V(nguyển thể không có 'to'): Cấu trúc này được
sử dụng khi người nói chỉ chứng kiến toàn bộ hành động:
We saw him leave the house.
I heard him make arrangements for his journey.
Bài tập 1: Chọn dạng đúng của động từ sau:
1. The teacher decided (accepting/to accept) the paper.
2. They appreciate (to have/having) this information.
3. His father doesn’t approve of his (going/ to go) to Europe.
4. We found it very difficult (reaching/ to reach) a decision.
5. Donna is interested in (to open/opening) a bar.
6. George has no intention of (to leave/leaving) the city now.
7. We are eager (to return/returning) to school in the fall.
8. We would be better off (to buy/ buying) this car.
9. She refused (to accept/ accepting) the gift.

10. Mary regrets (to be/being) the one to have to tell him.
11. George pretended (to be/being) sick yesterday.
12. Carlos hopes (to finish/finishing) his thesis this year.
13. They agreed (to leave/leaving) early.
14. Helen was anxious (to tell/ telling) her family about her promotion.
15. We are not ready (to stop/stopping) this research at this time.
16. Henry shouldn’t risk (to drive/driving) so fast.
17. He demands (to know/knowing) what is going on.
18. She is looking forward to (return/returning) to her country.
19. There is no excuse for (to leave/leaving) the room in this condition.
20. Gerald returned to his home after (to leave/leaving) the game.
25