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PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU
1. LÝ DO CHỌN ĐỀ TÀI

               






 

trình vì nó  

võng  
2. MỤC TIÊU NGHIÊN CỨU
- 
- Trình bày cách tính            
MathCad.
3. PHƢƠNG PHÁP NGHIÊN CỨU

4. ĐỐI TƢỢNG VÀ PHẠM VI NGHIÊN CỨU
- 
bê tô.
- -2005 
318-2008.
 3.
2



n Thit K - Xây Dng Vit Kin
Xanh- Biên hòa  

PHẦN NỘI DUNG
Chƣơng 1: CƠ SỞ LÝ THUYẾT VÀ TÍNH TOÁN VỀ KHE NỨT CHO DẦM
BÊ TÔNG CỐT THÉP THEO TCVN 356-2005
1.1 Khái niệm chung về khe nứt:








 





-  
 



     én



 

  






3

1.1.1 Tính toán về nứt :






xem có 
.







 T



 
.
 




  


 



4

 
-
  
     

1.2. Đặc trƣng hình học của tiết diện:










vùng kéo.
1.2.1. Đặc trƣng của tiết diện làm việc đàn hồi:

. Các


, 

, 

, 

, 

, 





Hình 1.



.
A'
s
A
s

o
b'
f
h'
f
a'
h
o
h
f
h
r
o
x
o
a
b
f
b
5



= bh + (

- b)

+(



- b)


+ (

 










:


=




(a)


- 





=















 




  








 








:


= 

+ 


+ 

+











,


- 



= 







; 


= 




 



(2)
Khi tr 



:





-

thì 

và 





=





+







+

 

  

 























+(


 




 










thì: 














.


=








tâm O:










6

1.2.2. Tiết diện có biến dạng dẻo:













  





 



, 


, 

 


và 







  

thì ta rút ra
x:
x =


































(3)
 (

=0) thì x =

theo





x =












































  


x =



































 

tính theo công



=














.

- 



, 


, 

- 



và 

.



và 




:
7



= 



 

; 


= 


  




(3) thì tính 


:

















+(


 


  





    


          



theo công











  












+









 


 


  




 

 






m 


.
      


= 

theo công























8

1.2.3. Tính toán gần đúng 


:





= 


1.3. Tính toán theo sự hình thành khe nứt thẳng góc :
1.3.1. Cấu kiện chịu nén đúng tâm:

N

=

(A+2

)  P


 
  


 .
- 



 
1.3.2. Cấu kiện chịu uốn, nén lệch tâm, kéo lệch tâm :









 




- 


- 



= M


= N(







= N(






=


- 
M,N  


- 


-  

.


và 

 khi 

và 



             
P=

(

+






thì 


9



= 



(

 

+


) - 






-

-

)
1.4. Bề rộng khe nứt thẳng góc :
1.4.1 Công thức tính :






= 









20(3,5-100



)
 -  
kính khác nhau: 

thanh 



thanh 

 trung bình:
 =





















 
1,2.


 


= 1.
:
 

= 1,6-

 Khi 
 
 
 





   thanh thép
  

  t s ct thép chu kéo,  =




 ch =



ng
thi ly  0.02.
10



- 








=1,0.


do
 













=1.


= 

+ 









= 









20(3,5-100





a/.

> 0,8


t


 



.


=







 3.
b/ 






1.4.2. Điều kiện kiểm tra :










và 






và 



1.4.3. Xác định ứng suất 

:
11






:
 


=




 


=







 






=












-




< 0,8

, tính 




=













=

- 

.


 


= 

+ 


- a.


= 

- 




 

=
0,5h.


=


- 


- 


=  





















.
 



.


=
















v – 
12

v 

a)  v = 0.15.
b) v =0.10.



Bê 

v 

thái bão v 
 =



vi x là chiu cao vùng nén  tit din nnh  

=














ng thi ly  
       trên          









<






 



.
 - 

 =




. T l ct thép chu khéo (  n ch  0,02):
 =







 = 


 








13




= 2

.
-170) [ 2 ] .
Chƣơng 2 :CƠ SỞ LÝ THUYẾT VÀ TÍNH TOÁN VỀ ĐỘ VÕNG CHO DẦM
BÊ TÔNG CỐT THÉP THEO TCVN 356-2005

2.1. Đại cƣơng về tính toán độ võng:




.


 


.
 







 
    



khá bé). Tiêu
356-2005 


2.2.Độ cong và độ cứng chống uốn:
2.2.1.Khái niệm về độ cong:


14

hai
OA là bán kính coa).
V nh 1/r da vào bin dang  
hình 3b



=










=









, 

, 






Hình 2
2.2.2.Độ cong thành phần và độ cong toàn phần:






=









2.2.3. Độ cong đoạn cấu kiện không nứt:
r
A
B
o
a)
e
b
e
t
e
s
h
h
o
b)
15



 



=





+











 






=















- 






= =
















, 


- 
a mome


- 


- 


- 

tông
T

= 0.85.



 

t
- 

= 2
-  

= 3,0
 

= 2,6 và 3,9; nhóm B=

=3,0 và
4,5; nhóm C: 


2.2.4. Độ cong đoạn cấu kiện có khe nứt:
16








=






-





+











 
võng;





- 







 







 khi 

 0.8








=












 


:


= 




= 

(

+ 

)


= 

(


- 

)


 
kéo 



= 0.5h  a.


, 

- 
I =1 thì 

, 



= 

; 

= 

là do




- 


=






















= ( 


+ si) b


17



  .


 
cùng (


 


=0.9
 



 





  



).


 


=




 



 






= 1.25 - 



- 





 


- 







=
























- 






= 1,0
18



= 1,1



 




=












 1. -






- 




=






= 


+ 




= 

- 


2.2.5.Biểu đồ độ cong :






=





-






+


















có giá t
 




19


Hình 3.
2.2.6.Độ cứng chống uốn :

G



.


=








quán tính.
 





.


= 






và 

=











=





















2.3.Tính toán độ võng:
q
p
p
p
1
r
20

2.3.1. Công thức tổng quát:
 do



f = 

+ 




- .




2.3.2. Độ võng do uốn :
Theo 

a) 



b) 

M.
c) 




=






dx (b)





















     











21

au khi tính tích phân




=






(c)






 










tính 






và 



ch
phân.














































22

-185) [ 2 ] .

Chƣơng 3 : CÁC THÍ DỤ TÍNH TOÁN VỀ KHE NỨT VÀ ĐỘ VÕNG CHO

DẦM BÊ TÔNG CỐT THÉP THEO TCVN 356-2005

3.1. Bài toán 1 :Tính toán cho dầm 2 đầu tựa ( tính toán đối với cốt thép dọc
loại CIII)

ng hình hc ca tit din cu kin dm có tit din ch nht.
nh kh ng chng n t Mcrc.
Tính b rng khe nt .
 võng.356-2005.
3.1.1. Số liệu ban đầu :
Bê tông 


:=1
I
 


:=1
3.1.2. Các đặc trƣng cơ học của vật liệu :


:= 

.

= 17.000000 MPa


= 22.000000 MPa



:= 

.

= 1.200000 MPa


= 1.800000 MPa


= 3.25000 x 

MPa


= 365.000000 MPa


= 365.000000 MPa


= 175.000000 MPa


= 2.000000 x 

MPa



= 2.100000 x 

MPa

23

h := 700mm
b := 300mm
 :=




= 6.153846

 


 


 

= 

+ 





:= 208 kNm


:= 304 kNm


= 

+ 

= 512.000000 kNm
3.1.3. Tính theo sự hình thành khe nứt :
3.1.3.1. Xác định a và a’:
a=70.000000mm


= 33.000000mm


= 36.945130 




= 2.261947 





= 630.00000

24


Hình 4. Sơ đồ tính và mặt cắt bài toán 1
3.1.3.2. Xác định các đặc trƣng hình học của tiết diện trong giai đoạn biến
dạng đàn hồi tại vùng bê tông chịu kéo ứng suất phân bố dạng tam giác:
+

:


= bh+(

+ 

) = 2.341274 x




+ 



:


=




= 7.350000 x 




+ 




=




= 313.931603 mm
+ 


:


=






= 5.754303x 






=




= 3.093892 x 






= 







= 3.690790 x 







= 







= 1.785186 x 




L=4m
q
700
300
3Ø28
3Ø28
Ø8a150
2Ø12
ql
8
2
25




= 

+

+  (

+ 

) = 1.122913 x 




+ 






=




= 2.908632





+ 
r =




= 12.423285 cm
3.1.3.3.Xác định các đặc trƣng hình học của tiết diện trong giai đoạn có
biến dạng dẻo tại vùng bê tông chịu kéo ứng suất là phân bố đều :
+ 



 

x h-

x1:


=














= 37.530535 cm
+ 



theo mép ngoài cùng vùng
kéo


=









+ 


x = 





= 



 

= 2.396607 x 






= 

 



=2.650390 x 







=



= 5.286330 x 






=



= 1.581399 x 






=












+ 

= 5.846493 x 




3.1.3.4. Xác định khả năng chống nứt của tiết diện 

:


= 40 MPa


= 



(

- 

+ 

) - 




(

-

-

) = 63.650196 kN.m


= 



- 




= 512.000000 kNm.

×