thiết kế tháp chưng luyện liên tục loại đĩa lỗ để tách hỗn hợp đồ án axetone - nước

Phần mở đầu
TRƯNG ĐI HC BCH KHOA H NI
VIN K THU!T HO HC
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MÔN HO CÔNG
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PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU
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PHẦN I – SƠ ĐỒ DÂY CHUYỀN CÔNG NGH
Sơ đồ dây chuyền công nghệ của tháp chưng luyện
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PHẦN II-TÍNH TON THIẾT BỊ CHÍNH
I. Tính cân bằng vật liệu.
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~=S’

Žv51UZg251g•I9Ur59.J

~ˆ‡W|’
Žv51UZg251g•I9U73.J
‘
~>WS’
Ž9VGFN_51JxyE?5.
#
~|<‰a1•aM?FŠ
Ž9VGFN_515NwI.

~><‰a1•aM?FŠ
1. Đổi từ phần khối lượng sang phần mol
•
#
•
• •
# 
J
;W=S

|<
x ~
J >*J ;W=S > ;W=S
Ž
  |< ><
=
−
+


x
•
~;W><†‰T9e5M?FŠ

#

T

# 
J
;Wˆ‡|

|<
x ~ ~
>*J ;Wˆ‡| >*;Wˆ‡|
J
Ž
Ž
|< ><
 
x

~;WˆS=‰T9e5M?FŠ
‘
#
‘
‘ ‘
# 
J
;W;>S


|<
x ~ ~
J >*J ;W;>S >*;W;>S
Ž Ž
  |< ><
x
‘
~;W;;=‰T9e5M?FŠ
2. Tính khối lượng mol trung bình
Tgs51IA51E9:I.~x0
#
Ž‰>*xŠ0

JId.

•
~x
•
0
#
Ž‰>*x
•
Š0

~;W><†0|<Ž‰>*;W><†Š0><

•
~S|W†S‰a1•aM?FŠ




~x

0
#
Ž‰>*x

Š0

~;WˆS=0|<Ž‰>*;WˆS=Š0><


~|=Wˆ}‰a1•aM?FŠ

‘
~x
‘
0
#
Ž‰>*x
‘
Š0

~;W;;=0|<Ž‰>*;W;;=Š0><

‘
~><W>}‰a1•aM?FŠ
3. Cân bằng vật liệu
/\Uv9BE97TI9N51F23B5

“9N\51EK859Iz5i‹51CDEFGB2.
•~Ž‘
K?51Ud.•…N_519^59_TUe2UGC@?E97TWa1•9
…N_51HP5T9uMUr59Wa1•9
‘…N_51HP5T9uMU73Wa1•9
“9N\51EK859Iz5i‹51CDEI9XEI9?IX2Efg4iJ39\G
•0J
•
~0J

Ž‘0J
‘
,D3.
• ‘
 ”
J *J ;W=S*;W;>S
~•0 ~<ˆ;;0
J *J ;Wˆ‡|*;W;>S
ŽN_51HP5T9uMUr59F@.
~†‡‡;W‡>‡‰a1•9Š
ŽN_51HP5T9uMU73F@.
‘~•…

~<ˆ;;…†‡‡;W‡>‡
‘~|>SˆWS<†‰a1•9Š
“651H2XEEb59E9y?aM?F





 †‡‡;W‡>‡
 ~ ~ ~}<W};<‰M?F•9Š0
 |=Wˆ}

‘
‘
‘ |>SˆWS<†
 ~ ~ ~S<SW=|;‰M?F•9Š0
 ><W>}

•
•
• <ˆ;;
 ~ ~ ~†|>W;|<‰M?F•9Š0
 S|W†S

II. Xác định chỉ số hồi lưu thích hợp:
9@59T9e5Iz5i‹51FY519\GC@59GBEUZHAGIjJ9^59_T9JGIX2Ef
JxyE?5C@5NwIk‡};MM1‰’M?FŠUN_II9?EK?51iP51•(0SJ…>=|–*/€
EJ39dJIA51EDT
x ; | >; S; †; =; |; }; ‡; <; ˆ; >;;
3 ; };W† ‡S <;W† <SW‡ <=WS <|W| <}Wˆ <<WS ˆ;W= ˆ=W† >;;
E >;; ‡‡Wˆ }ˆW} }=W| }SW} }>W} };W‡ |ˆW< |ˆ |<WS |‡W| |}Wˆ
,•UvE9•
-hJC@?UvE9•EJIdx
•
~;W><=⇒3
•
“
~;W‡ˆ|

1. Chỉ số hồi lưu tối thiểu
JIdI9rHV9vGFN2EVGE9G]2IjJE97TI9N51F23B5 :
;WˆS= ;W‡ˆ|
;WS>>
;W‡ˆ| ;W><†
*
P F
min
*
F F
x - y
R =
y - x
−
= =
−

2. Chỉ số hồi lưu làm việc
9rHV9vGFN2F@MCGBIx7IU•59E9y?IA51E9:I•(0S|J…>|<–…/€EJ3
9dJIA51EDT.
~‰>WS—SW|Š0
MG5
9R5~>W|0
MG5
E98EJId.
~>W|0
MG5
~>W|0;WS>>~;W†>‡
3. Chỉ số hồi lưu thích hợp:
9GE651WHVUŒJH•1GPMW59N51UNO51ab59E97TWE9GpEi•51N51EsW5vG

U25C@IA51IjJi\MI˜51E65109GT9bIVU•59H•1GPMge5Up5IhIEG]2
KvGKvGH•E651Up5CAIl51a9G9vGFN2E?@5T9e5WFN_5159GBEC@FN_515NwI
Hfgs51I˜51E651E9y?I9rHV9vGFN20
€51I9GT9biJ?1vM.I9GT9bIVU•59C@I9GT9bUGt29@5909GIdI9r
HV9vGFN2E9bI99_TH•IdI9GT9bF@IhIEG]20
2359Gq5UAGa9GI7II9GT9bUGt29@59KXET9:IELTWa9daG]MH?7E5q5
51NOGEJIdE9]Eb59E™HV9vGFN2E9bI99_TE•UGt2aGB5E97T59Y59XE0!]
Eb59UN_II9rHV9vGFN2E9bI99_TE9y?UGt2aGB5E97T59Y59XEIe5FDTMVG
o2J59B1G[JE™HV9vGFN2C@E9]EbI9E97TWE•UdI9R5UN_II9rHV9vGFN2
E9bI99_T:51COGE9]EbI9E97T59Y59XE0
9D5E9X3EGpEgGB5IjJE97TE™FBCwGFN_519\GUGEK?51E97TWM@FN_51
9\GFLGE™FBCwGFN_51FY519vGFN2EK?51E97TWg?EK?51UGt2aGB5F@MCGBI
59XEU•59E98
~
H•a9A51U€GC@FN_51FY519vGFN2H•E™FBCwG‰Ž>ŠWg?
UdEGpEgGB5E97TH•E™FBCwG‰Ž>Š01?@GKJWI9Gt2IJ?E97TH•E™FBCwGHV
U\5C•I923]5a9VG9J3HVUŒJFšE923pE
FE
09?5q5E9]EbI9E97TH•E™FBCwG
EbI9HV
FE
0‰Ž>Š09NCD3E9J3C8UGE9GpEFDTMVGo2J59B…,EJH•E9GpE
FDTE9A51o2JMVGo2J59B…
FE0
‰Ž>Š0•UvE9•IjJo2J59B5@3EJx7I
U•59UG]MIhIEGp2
FE
0‰Ž>Š:51CwGE™HV9vGFN2E9bI99_T‰
E9
Š0

  9rHV9vGFN2U]E97TF@MCGBIUN_IE9NO51x7IU•59E9y?IA51E9:I
•(0S|…>|<–…/€EJ39dJIA51EDT
~›0
MG5
œ51CwGM^G1G7EK•IjJ›EJH•IdI7I1G7EK•IjJ0•I7I1G7EK•IjJ
a97I59J2EJH•E92UN_II7I1G7EK•
FE
EN\51:510•UdFDTUN_Io2J9B
T9sE92ZI…
FE
0‰Ž>Š0
 -NwGUz3F@I7IUvE9•x7IU•59HVUŒJFšE923pEEKq5I\HkUNO51Iz5
i‹51Wx

Wx
•
Wx
‘
0!NO51F@MCGBII2PU?L5F23B5UGo2JUG]M‰x

W3

ŠC@IƒE
EKsIE251ELGUG]MIdE251UZWUNO51F@MCGBIU?L5I9N51UGo2J1GJ?
UG]MIjJUNO51F@MCGBIIjJU?L5F23B5CwGUNO51x
•
~I?5HEC@UG]M‰x
‘
W
3

‘
Š0,•I7IEJM1G7IEJH•E92UN_IHVUŒJFšE923pE0

x
Ž>
~
•Uz3.

JIdiP51HVFGB2.
› >W= >W} >W< SW; SWS SW= SW}
 ;WSˆ| ;W††< ;W†<; ;W=SS ;W=}= ;W|;} ;W|=ˆ

FE
>S >; ˆ < < < <

FE
0‰Ž>Š >|W|= >†W†< >SW=S >>W†‡} >>W‡>S >SW;=
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