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Nghiên cứu ứng dụng các giải pháp công trình bảo vệ bờ sông thủy triều vùng bán đảo Cà Mau, áp dụng cho đoạn bờ hữu cửa sông Gành Hào

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

 !"#$%&#'('#)*+,)-.!$/0(1/2
')-3!
1.1.1. Các thành tựu nước ngoài 10
1.1.2. Các thành tựu trong nước 12
4)+))5!!'(2')6)7786#(589:;'<898)=>?@A
1.2.1. Nhóm giải pháp phi công trình 13
1.2.2. Nhóm giải pháp công trình 14
1.2.3. Một số nhận xét, đánh giá 20
A &B'CD),>89:;'EF&)2!(G'?4
1.3.1. Thực trạng xói lở 21
1.3.2. Phân loại xói lở bờ hệ thống sông rạch ở BĐCM 23
1.3.3. Nhận xét về xói lở bờ hệ thống sông rạch ở BĐCM 24
HI*+'')6)77"J!K7L'M'CD),>89:;'EF
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1.4.1. Một số vấn đề cần xem xét trong công tác bảo vệ bờ chống xói trên
sông vùng triều 25
1.4.2. Kiến nghị về chủ trương và định hướng các giải pháp kỹ thuật
chống xói lở bảo vệ bờ trên sông vùng triều 26
NO0,!K*P'4Q
4RSTUVWXVXYZ[?W\
]^?@Y_`Za]b?VW\c4d
4Xefg'6*>'E$/)2!")5 )-/0CD),>89:;'
EF&)2!(G'?4d
2.1.1. Ảnh hưởng của địa hình, địa mạo khu vực 29
2.1.2. Ảnh hưởng của điều kiện địa chất khu vực 32
2.1.3. Ảnh hưởng của điều kiện thủy văn, thủy lực sông kênh khu vực 35


44h/I'!F-e<F0!M6*>'+):B,>89:;'EF
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2
2.2.1. Nguyên nhân của hiện tượng xói lở bờ sông thủy triều 39
2.2.2. Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng tới xói lở bờ sông thủy triều vùng BĐCM. 41
4A')-3!6*>'E$iL'6Fi#EF&)2!/j'/089
:;'(G'?H4
2.3.1. Cơ chế xói lở bờ sông thủy triều 42
2.3.2. Đặc điểm của quá trình xói lở bờ sông 42
2.3.3. Ứng dụng mô hình Mike trong nghiên cứu dự báo xói lở bờ sông
thủy triều vùng BĐCM cho một số khu vực trọng điểm 43
4H2C!1, $%')6)77;'&k86#(589:;'EF&)2!N
2.4.1. Nguyên lý chung về bảo vệ bờ sông 57
2.4.2. Tổng hợp các giải pháp phòng chống xói lở bờ 57
2.4.3. Đề xuất giải pháp bảo vệ bờ sông thủy triều vùng BĐCM 58
4NO0,!K*P'4lN
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@Ycc\pcll
Aq)r8)0CD),>s$:;'#ll
3.1.1. Diễn biến đường bờ cửa sông Gành Hào 66
3.1.2. Sạt lở bờ sông, bờ biển Gành Hào 69
3.1.3. Nguyên nhân gây sạt lở bờ cửa sông Gành Hào 71
A4')-3!7*P')0"0;'&k86#(589g!s$:;'
#4
3.2.1. Các thông số kỹ thuật cơ bản 72
3.2.2. Các phương án thiết kế công trình 73
3.2.3. Phân tích và lựa chọn phương án 78
AA2C!1')6)77"01!"t86#(589g!s$:;'#d
3.3.1. Đoạn trong sông L1 và L2 79
3.3.2. Đoạn cửa sông ven biển L3 82

AH'))5!.!6E$')6)77;'&k/2C!1Q
Ouv]cOuwQd
O0,!KQd
O)0'IQd
c^OW\d
3
XXd4
4
THNG KÊ HNH V
kx?6/y(G'?
kx&y'eFM':D'<M'CD)<'eF8y)86#(589>?@N
kx4j:Mk386#(5898z'7-,)07<%<{'|>?@N
kxAj:M;'&k8")-M&-5M':;'s!#'l
kxHj:M;'&k")-M&-5M':;'s!#'
kxN;'&k')$M89& )07Q
kxlheFi '(')$M/-8)=4
kx@B,>B)1})<~$!44
kxQ@D'/:B,>89"t8)=x7?B)-!4A
k4x?6/y/I$k"!( 8/6#$!A
k4x4]0fL,B)E$(•:B,>B)€]•‚•(Cƒ1+)A4
k4xA?6/y•B',*+):;''L)"!( ?@AN
k4xH7‚EF, B)•j/)=•&#'5#B/j& ')$#,*+)
(!;'<(5#B/j2HN
k4xN@ ,)-•E$!F=/j'8G&#'•j;,*+)H
k4xl@ 6*>'+)*+'!F=/j'E$8G/FHQ
k4x@P/y"!( „•„((I&f/#EF(„N
k4xQL'i…&-•†8z':$!A„•‡4x4ˆB)"!( „•„N
k4xdq)r8)0•†‰'$'B)(I&f'ƒ8$:;')$)<hŠ#G'((I
&f')$#$!E$:;')$)(+):;'s$+N
k4x@P%$"!( €e)0(&B•/#EF(„N4

k4xL'i…&-•†8z':$!A„•‡4Qx4ˆB)"!( €e)0
x:;'‚•)•N4
k4x4q)r8)0,L'i…&-•†‰'$':$!A„•‡4Qx4ˆB)$)
e•CD)"‹:;'#'x"!( €e)0NA
k4xA@;'M(&B•/#,*!,*€'<• *+NA
k4xHL'i…&-•†8z':$!A„•‡4Qx4ˆB)"!( s$&$@;'
MNA
k4xNq)r8)0CD)8y)B)A•†‰/%$•>&j'>s$&$:;'M<')$)
/%$4x4NH
k4xl]I&f•†‰:#:&-86(Œ.!F#B7L'M':B,>"!
( s$#NN
5
k4xL'i…&-•†8z':$!A„•‡4x4ˆB)"!( s$
#NN
k4xQq)r8)0CD)8y)B)>s$#<')$)/%$4x4Nl
k4xdq)r8)0CD)8y)B)4>s$#<')$)/%$4x4Nl
k4x4q)r8)0CD)8y)B)A>s$#<')$)/%$4x4Nl
k4x4@P/y•'.!')6)777L'M':B,>89NQ
k4x44O01!"t86#(589"!( /;'ie*<I&1Nd
k4x4AXM)6.!F#B;'&k"tM'CD),>l
k4x4HqB';'&k86#(5&*+/j'E$iL'6Fl
k4x4NXB•()86#(589i#'!F-e:D'!l4
k4x4l?6#(5•)89(,L':;'8z'6•/lH
k4x4)6)776•8-;'Ž@86#(589lH
k4x4Q)6)77CeFi '"t8z'"01!P)&9),)#BlH
k4x4d)6)776•8-;' tXlN
kAxq)r8)0/*9'89"!( s$#lQ
kAx4@B,>89:;'"!( s$:;'(•8)=#
kAxA†‰'$'"t/)=k/#BAxXH
kAxH@P/y(I&f/#B"tXN

kAxNX*P'"01!;'&k"t8z'?i 3', Q
kAxlX*P'"01!"t*9'86M'Q
kAxO01!1•,•"tx1!")5NQ
kAxQ,#B)1!")5P)&9),)#B /)2!~QA
kAxd†‰'$'"t/#BA•?‘XQH
kAx†‰'$'"t/#BA•?‘X4QH
kAx@$8)7,$'•M':D'<'eF8y)86#(589>;'&k"tj<~
?ZI$x]}'‚!QN
6
THNG KÊ CC BNG BIU
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* Phương pháp nghiên cứu
- )2!&$"6#: 0(2/I$k</I$•B#</I$1<
"f*€'EF(„<),)5!(2iL'6F<8)0k,L'i…<
ie:)")0(C!*+'7&)=E$"!( &#'*P',$)
- •'€7<7ef(/')),)5!<:M,)5!D
,)-.!$/0/2),!K(„/=C/I.!F,!K/j'<8)0
k,L'i…<($)&LeMf/M)(+)i)r8)0CD),>89
:;'EF&)2!
- @si•'•;k)"•4/=f#<i 8#CD),>89

:;'EF&)2!>•j:M/#B:;'/)=k
- S'i•'<"0{$"0.!6')-3!
* Kết quả dự kiến đạt được
- *$&$/*€'!F-'eFCD),>89:;'EF&)2!(G'
8/6#$!
- h/I/*€7B•()(•3/jCD),>E$:;'EF
&)2!(G'8/6#$!>•j:M"!( &%'/)=•
- 2C!1, $%/*€')6)77;'&k7G€7
/=86#(589:;'I!6*>'EF&)2!(G'?
- 2C!1/*€!F0(')6)77;'&k7G€7/=
86#(5/#B89g!s$:;'#!jCƒe!K<!F5
‚•qP)<~$!
10
CHƯƠNG 1: TỔNG QUAN
1.1. Các thành tựu khoa học trong và ngoài nước liên quan đến vấn đề
nghiên cứu
1.1.1. Các thành tựu nước ngoài
g'')-3!,)-.!$+)(1/2CD),>89:;'<8y),‰',L'
i…*C/I&™'!F-e<P0<C/I.!F,!Ki)r8)0,L'
i…<')-3!/2C!1')6)777L'M'')6•š)5B)i#CD)
,>89<8y),‰',L'i…'eF&$</2!,,›( "#$%/j', %
iL':;'<!F=/j'8G(~&I:;'
&-0')+)"#$%(2/j', iL':;'</*€7&)=•B
&#'s$0"—3hh>*+œ!Jg'')-3!E$
"#$%X7*q!?#F:(2!F=/j'8G<?$&&“i•@$)x]•$
(2iL'";'•/I<Ž$&'!•(2k):;'!M"‹(…')g'!F-
')&I:si•'#/0'F$F
]#g'„•/‚!0"—hh<(+)g'/D''D7,+E$
"#$%h;])0<g'-!•)'‰,)2(+) !"#$%,+,
#)](2f•/IE$,L':;'•E$?•&$i:")(2!F=

/j'$))2!•E$$""$(-•7](2iL'317•E$]•,)"$;7<
(2.!&ki)r8)0,L':;'E$;&$&;7](-()<(2!F=
/j'8G•E$,!)@<E$&):$)O?<E$O$&)!")@(2
~&I:;'<f&#'9)')$/D/ƒ•&$g'!j&$,!K'$F
'‰')g$,˜!F0"!0(,˜!F0&%', <')g$$)&*9'7)
'*€$!")/')•1„',*€'&#'iL'6FD(";'
•$'8G<')g$~)-!">)/j'E$8G(')g$~)-!•
/IE$,L'i…$•')$'))07(#!j&$,!K/D<{g'
„•N/0')g$g'„•l<D"#$%&!'!M*
&*P'•Fž<)2)<B)•#<K!!Me<@$'%
$<”&#'9)')$F<>eFœ!Dg';'&k(2!F=/j'
8GE$Ÿ•F•&X••&(!,,•&•(2k),L':;'•/ID
"#$%O••iFZ<)i,•FŸ@($F(+) ˜!F0
0/j ‡Z•')•••#&Fˆ•))0'"#$%J*Ÿ):•)<
11
]•x•x#¡<)'x)•<”D)2!;'&k')-3!(2iL'6F(
!F=/j'8G
{g'„•l0"—hh/0$F<i#3'i•'g')08j"#$
%"J!K(/†8)5,g')08j&#'"J!Kf#</j', 
%iL':;'Dg'8*+7&)=•+)<:e!:‰&#'()5#)5
•;k#)5*€'EF, 73B7j:M•;kD$<•;
7¢'iL'6F$))2!4q<8$)2!Aq<•;7¢'.!&ki)r8)0
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&*9'(KMiL'6F>/j:e!"$!<C/I/*€/j:e!,L'i…
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8z'1/y'(I7D'CB")')-3!8y),‰',L'i…B)(G's$
:;'}'/B/*€•j:M"0.!6')-3!8)0k,L'i…&-•;
k(K,˜/ƒDg')08j(*€8K/ƒ )5/*€g')-!!ž

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7¢'8G/F<8G,P,s'8z'(e,)5!•+)/6•86#/jfC
$#'L$)&$&#'•1FK7)-'‚/eF"#$%/ƒ3'i•'@
(#()5')-3!i 8#8)0k'$',L'i…<”
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O]‡)-h;ˆ<”/ƒC!1)5g';'&kE$K7=')6#†-
E$•jP.!$')-3!*?!&•$!#¥Z•,$•$)#‡Jˆ<@\ZŸ
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‡&!'!Mˆ•l–
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&)=<g';'&k~&I:;'";'L†'2<73B7*&*+
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iL'$F#"t•¢<6•8-;'8P•& )07&#'*+$F#
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12
1.1.2. Các thành tựu trong nước
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')-3!8$/‚!*9'/*€)0&#'7L'f')5•E$
])5O#$%EF,€)<])5)0"0)$#;']K6)<&*9'B)%
heFi '<&*9'B)%EF,€)/eF()•„•<')-3!
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!F=/j'";'•/IE$'!Fr]„!'<'!Fr6‚•<

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'!Fr]„)57<&I!$'#<'!Fr1‰<”g'')-3!
(2!F=/j'8GD;'&kE$*!;'#<])]„]I<
#'g!]„<]™X<”
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(2i)r8)0,L':;'(~&I:;'(1/2E$:;'(G'/y'
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X*P'K!<'!F-]„#<&‚h!e)<&I])5<&‚k
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K!<&I])5<'!Fr]„!‚<-BG'<”•l–
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7L'f')5•7L'M')-$)#B<7L'f')5•j', 
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]2e, <•j, ,*€'8j"#$%&Š/*€/#B#&#'*+(
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13
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1.2. Giới thiệu chung về các giải pháp bảo vệ bờ sông, bờ biển ở ĐBSCL
1.2.1. Nhóm giải pháp phi công trình
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!M'C6F&$
- heFi 'P:>ig,)5!:M<K7K(;')<,*!&g8z'
•Ff•#„•<'<'F<')9O0M)•B';')')g$17
P.!$.!6,˜(+)P.!$')-3!"#$%(j'/y'e
iez•K7K;')(Dg'.!F0/I3'Cs"I79)<7G
€7
- •3CeFi '"I863'3!<, ,*€'3'3!<
7*P')5"J!K<P:>(K1E/j'<86#(5$##e
ie")D: MC6F&$
- )2!~.!F#B7&)=")0xCƒj)17~<!F5<
CƒXe17•3/j:B,>/=8M&f"!ie*<;'&kie:)
•3i)i9)ie&$"¢)"!( '!F)=••#k3i)i9)
(›()r•#.!F#B<i)i9)B•9)")D68#("ž17")
'†7: M
18*+ )5&-~ )5M")D: )=!8)0(
/y'!KE$eie@ $•')$E$j'/y'(+)g'")')5•
:M'E$*ie(•:;'<(•8)=<!F-&!F2#%)=!(2'!FP(
B)E$:B,>89{/D%:Œ/*$&$.!F0/I3'3!")D;')
68#E$17.!6,˜]+))7f•317')6)777);'
&k,: , $%/‚!)-#7L'M'')6•š)-$)<*'&*+
g'i)r8)073B7E$kk:B,>89<0!3/= )-kC!
14
*+'•1/1<•1<'F/-•/•i%$f•B'E$eie(…:Œ)07
•i)r&$O)8!j76)i)i9)ie:Œ,•$F/•)K7.!:)#B<$F
/•)P1!''2<”]k(KF76)D')6)777L'&<86#(5B)|
/6•86#6.!$•;)&*9'8z'"0€7')6)777);'&k(
;'&k86#(589
1.2.2. Nhóm giải pháp công trình
1.2.2.1. Công trình dân gian

;'&k/P')6‡L'%),;'&kie')$ˆ,g';'
&k86#(589:;'/*€CeFi '•j/P')68z',#B)(K,)5!
:§D>/I$7*P';'&kie')$D=7e,#B)*:$!
a. Trồng cây chống sóng bảo vệ bờ
,#B)eF&y'/=86#(589'y•D8t#eF‡,•8kˆ<i{$*+<
•‰•<8‚<”‡C••kx4ˆ
&y'eFi{$*+>i%:;')2<
~]›#'
&y'¢]•)(•&86#(589O-?6F<
~)$'
?t#eF"0€7eFM':D'86#
(589>~)2)$'
&y',i{$*+86#(589<86#(5/-
8$#>~?0&•
15
kx&y'eFM':D'<M'CD)<'eF8y)86#(589>?@
(Nguồn Viện KHTL Miền Nam)
#B)k F /*€3'i•' &j'&ƒ)i%•# 5M':;' >
?@iB'eFF*9'&y')2!1>(G's$:;'<
&#':;'<"-&B¢<>y‡G,$#ˆ<8ƒ)i%s$:;'
b. Bảo vệ bờ bằng phên liếp, cọc cừ gỗ
,#B)(K,)5!/=86#(589'y•7-&•<7-{&•<{&•
/D'"•:$!G'(+)8$#6)<C8‚‡'B(¨ˆ</1<”B#
g'89*9'B•9)86#(589‡C••kx4ˆ
%&•/D'"•:f/=‰:D'>
~$!
%<{'|M':D'(G'‰K!x
hŠ#Z;~O)-)$'
?6#(5898z'{&•<&•/D'"•:
x8-&#'68t#<7‚P

?6#(5898z'{&•<&•/D'"•
:B)K!)$'
kx4j:Mk386#(5898z'7-,)07<%<{'|>?@
(Nguồn Viện KHTL Miền Nam)
1.2.2.2. Công trình bán kiên cố
D,g';'&kD.!F•;";',+<*$##')6)
.!F0&)5/=16'!FP'eF-:B,>89<*$M'CD)e"t(k
16
"M),*€',+<")7f)2!<i#/D!•)%;'&k";'$#]K,)5!
CeFi 'EF0!,/CeF<&%/<1•8-;'<%<{8-;''‰O01!
DiB'*9'©'/3'<*9'')-'<”
!/)=•E$,#B)F,"J!K8k*9'";'/L)¢)$#<ir)
;'<(K,)5!*P'/M)7•8)0<irk•*€/)=•iB';'&kF,
ir8ICD)e<ir8I,‹<3<”(ir8I*¢'7‚e"ti#*$/*€
M'CD)#B)F/*€3'i•')2!i%•#5M':;'>?@
(&-"-&B<z•••/f86#(5><C*>':6C!1<(*9
eF<&•:>P.!$</*9'')$#;'<”‡C••kxAˆ
OtCeF/>~O)-)$' Z%/B).!M,jQx~y'7
Ot/CeF•)')-'<eD{&•
B)~&])
*9'{B)CƒB)'ƒ)x#'X‹x
@D&„'
kxAj:M;'&k8")-M&-5M':;'s!#'
(Nguồn: Viện KHTL Miền Nam)
1.2.2.3. Công trình kiên cố
;'&k")-MD.!F•;,+<"01!(g'‰</*€86#(5
M'CD)e"t<P86/ƒ!eE.!F&k<.!F7B•)5<i#
/D!•)%;'&k$#]K,)5!EF0!,/CeF<&%/<1•8-;'<{
8-;'<%?<{“7‚/eF<(K,)5!•+)(;''5•+)}'
17

/*€')-3!3'i•'*6•8-;'<{8-;'3':!1&*+O0
1!;'&k")-M/$:M,iB'*9'©'/3'8z'%86"0€7<
*9'')-'‡C••kxHˆ
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Ot7*9'N<7M]›#' Ot86#(589?‰:;'?0&•
Ot89"!( ~EF)$' Ots$8)=#x?B)-!
kxHj:M;'&k")-M&-5M':;'s!#'
18
BTCT mái M200
BTCT thân kè M250
Đóng khoảng cách 1.5m/cọc
Cọc BTCT M300#; (35x35x2400)
KC đóng 2m/cọc theo tuyến kè
-1.00
535
BT lề bộ hành
35
1
315
+1.80
3
+2.20
-0.30
Cọc BTCT(25x25x1000)
MNTKMax = +1.72
-1.50
KẾT CẤU TƯỜNG CỪ BÊTÔNG CỐT THÉP
2
6
0

,

l

=

1
3
,
2

M
2
6
0
,

l

=

1
1
,
8

M
3
:
1

3
:
1
500
750
6800
0.00
-6.5
+2.85
-10.9
-11.9
2
3
4
1
Kết cấu cừ thép chữ Z một neo
1. Tường ; 2. Dầm ốp ; 3. Dầm mũ ; 4. Dầm giữ neo ; I. Đáy thiết kế
I
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7M<ICƒ<I&1<&%'/)=•CD),>&-5M':;'>?@•
0!";'D;'&k<)5B)i#:B,>89:;':Œ&1,+;'&k86#
(589")-M&*+/eFEF0!8z'/</0$Fi‚/*€$F08z'8-
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&kF/*€7ef•#F0!M:$!
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E$:D'<E$*+'‚•(g'e7#B)"
- „'"6„'M'/¨E$D•";'7#B)"01!iL'6F
:D'<iL'6F&)2!<#-/eF,,#B);'&k7L'' •$'f
18I/j'

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*>'E$:D'&)2!>g'17/j#7“7
- ;'&k')$M897•8)0,•)')-'<}'D&*9'€7:si•'
"01!©'/3'#†|€7({$/3'({$')-'
- )6)77"t86#(5:89•)')-'7•8)0>*+$(+)(K,)5!,
/j(8-;'#B)"01!8z'/j);'/P')6<&Š)2
*'!•)%";'$#M)(+),#B)7•)8z'"01!8-;'
/‹:§$F/•B)|*9');'73B7i#CeFi '&-2/1
F0!<7*P')5);'76)!F-i•'<')$#<"D$F0
")8I*¢'•8j<ir8ICe• i#:D'(*+•†<”
19
- )6)7786#(5:89*9'/3''‚/eF/$'/*€')-3!3'
i•'(+)"01!{86?i 3', $F"01!*9''D&-
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82•†‡§:Œ,•„'(KM<'y'2•&7')6•(KMˆ
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1.2.2.4. Hệ thống đê biển
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&kf•i‚i#.!&k:•,‹E$(G'/1•+)8y)•H–
X‚,+/-8)=>?@/2!/).!$(G'/1D/)2!")5k
&{''K7•†<•j:M(G'8)=8ICe• •B*L;'<?$j'<
#<})$!<})Z6<”‚76)/‚!*;'&k')6•:D'
/=')ge/-<B#8ƒ)8y)/=&y'&{'O)')5•&!F2M'(
')-3!"#$%#1F‚)076)/‚!*,e!i)5M'/-8)=x
20
&{''K7•†/=/M)7D(+)*+8)=ie'(:B,>/*9'89</D}',
')6)77f')i‚(+)i)r8)0)-! E$)-)-•N–

kxlheFi '(')$M/-8)=
1.2.3. Một số nhận xét, đánh giá
k!'<g'')-3!(2CD),>89&-5M':;'>
?@&#'g'„•.!$•+)~K7&!'(#"!( DM/jCD),>
,+&-:;')2<:;'K!<1,"!( *€''!y‡{J!K(
‚P&>,-ˆ,:;'I!6*>'E$iL'6F7f$*€''!y,
fhD),>89:;'"&-5M''‚**$/*€‹˜+)<
/†8)5,>:;'(G'I!6*>'fE$EF&)2!]k:;'I!
6*>'E$EF&)2!,f<(1/2CD),>i#iL'6F'eF&$";'
)2!<*':B,>89:;'<"-&Bi#')$#;'EF'eF&$,•j(1
/2,+<*$/*€.!$e•/‹'•3')-3!8y),‰',L'i…}'
*$/*€.!$e•')-3!'%$)&{g'/#/B<"6#:7•(•
;'B#(“,!y',BBF!
')(27*P')5)08I')-3!&*+/eF‡0"—hhˆ>
*+$&1,BK!</#/BiL'6F</I$k,L':;'<•,*€'8G

(…•#7*P'77•/)=(+)/jfC17<1,&#'/)2!")5
:;':e!<iL'6FD(KM,+;k(K,˜~/*€)0&-
/%$:;''‰D;'&k/†8)5.!$&%'<*'}'•+)i{',B)>
g'')-3!&-•;k,L'3'
),)5!/#/B&*+/eF(2/I$k</I$1<EF(„<8G<
";'/*€,*!')g<86#.!6žK</#/B";' )5&-•j.!F
/I!'‡$#/j<%$/j!žˆ8>)(KF"6„':si•'&1B0
21
:;'"'L$)5M':;')2(:;'K!*$/*€')-3!<
";'D),)5!/I$k(iL'6F,I:s
')-3!i)r8)0,L':;'<i 8#CD)8y)8)0k,L'i…>
*+$D)!'(&-5M':;'>?@D)&)-'/ƒD)2!M
'‰'<i‚{'8*+)07K(+)"#$%)5/B)*•;kD$<5
M';')/I$,˜@<!F(KF•+)~&#'')$)/%$%¢)<s
')5•<*$D"0.!6fD$•=
OJ!KCeFi ';'&k~&I:;')5(…7i•',%$)
iB'•/)=<&!F2M'g';'&k~&I3'i•';''5
•+)<(K,)5!•+)~,g';'&ks')5•<CeFi 'B)(I&f
";'73B7<•†"')$#i#76)K7"ž!(K*<)08I(
)7f!F-')$*+'i…-*$/EP:>"©'/I|/3'
1.3. Thực trạng xói lở bờ sông thủy triều vùng BĐCM
1.3.1. Thực trạng xói lở
)5*€'CD),>89:;'EF&)2!(G'?/$'DC!0'F
•j')$„'<6(2•3/j(7B•()@B,>89<8y),‰',L'i…*9'
C6F&$i%•#!F0:;'&B,&•')$#;'EFf<D•K/j
!!F2,*!;',+<B)"!( 'ƒ8$:;'<"!( s$:;'
)5B)i#:B,>89'eF&$,&1,+<)2!;'&kM'</K7<898$#8I
*¢'<")0#)2!"!(*9eF<&!j',‹$8I'K7()r••†<
'&„•s$E$'*9)ie8I:K7C!M':;'<''jie76)
i)i9)/)P)"<”@B,>89L,•„',*€'8G&#'iL'6F(

'eF8y),L'i…>•j:M"!( "'eF6&>/0')$#;'EF<6
*>'/0i…*+*+)<)-!D$,}
B)$!<•#M'"-E$P.!$3„'<•|)„•:B,>
"#6'd$/1&#'/D7‚,+,i)5f/1(•8)=<D&-A
/)=•:B,><&#'/DDAl/)=•D'!FP$#‚76)*9'C!F-/2
7L'B)!F0898)=eF~$!D)2!i)"#6'dA"•<&#'
/DQ"•/$'8I:B,>')-•&%'‡K7&!'>!F5)<&‚
]„9)ˆ!F0898)=;'D)2!i)"#6'N"•<)2!/#B/ƒ
22
8ICD),><„:e!(#/1,)2<'eF:B,>{•/0PA•<&#'/Ds$
#<MG)('eF)2!: ‹˜1&#'9)')$.!$,k
&B':B,>"!( 1})‡Cƒ1})<!F5'%)=ˆ<P)&*+")$
•|)„•8y),1&$8)='&„••“*')5$F/$'/M)•†(+) 
&B':B,><6*>'')5•&%'/0"!i!,I1})E$~K!
.!6E$k&B'Ce• ,''$&{'7L'j/ƒ8I!M&;)&$
8)=•'&„•;'&k7‹,€)Cƒj)<P:>B‚';';<>E$
'*9)ie8I7EF

kx@B,>B)1})<~$!
B)?B)-!<•#M'"-E$@>;'')57•X?B)-!<{
„•ddd/0$F/ƒC6F&$AN,‚:B,><4Q„&;)C!M':;'<4d
„"8I*B)†'<d„76)i)i9)•'i)5f/1</8I
iL'*+,1F•1,-/0H$<)5B)*+f&-4N~/y'?B)-!
D&-A/)=•'„•8I:B,><*'')-•&%'1,s$8)=
#<s$8)=B)s$8)=#<!F5;'6)<&!'
8k'„•8)=Ce• (#/1,)2A•/1&#'(L'*$/0
„•<8)=/ƒ,1F•1E$'*9)ie(G'(•8)=FAA$/1<N„
B)s$8)=‡7?B)-!ˆ<k&B'8)=Ce• /ƒ/0y)8#
/j'!F0/-8)={/0]›e!‡@D&„'ˆ„•#}'8I
,1(#/1,)2{A÷N•'8#/j'<(#'4„•4<*+ie'

$#<:D'/,•:B,>')-•&%'/#B/-{s$8)=/0y
8)-7L'x6)/j)4,•#'&„•„ie&;),282&#'
*+<'&„•„"8I'K7:e!&#'*+
23
kxQ@D'/:B,>89"t8)=x7?B)-!
•#8##E$@>;'')57•X?B)-!($!<*+
8)=ie'„•:$!$#P„•&*+,•'K7'•'“x$/1
(•8)=B)!F5(•8)=)<'%)=<„•„<X‹e<)
*+<‚•qP)‡$!ˆ(!F5;'6)<L$?k<7?B)-!‡~
?B)-!ˆ)5*€':B,>!F0:;'<(•8)='F'&>-73
B7<')-•&%'P</•i%$/0:6C!1(ie:)~$!,)-•
CeFi '"tM':B,>/-8)=eF*'~,')6)77k0i#)0!
'!y")7fL!F0/-8)=;'<$!*$CeFi '-•|)
„•8I:B,>{N÷4•/1
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)$'<@D&„'<”k&B'Ce• 'eF:B,>898)=}'C6F&$B)
)2!/)=•(•8)=")0)2!'*9)ie17¢•<";'F-
1.3.2. Phân loại xói lở bờ hệ thống sông rạch ở BĐCM
!$•#i™)</)2!&$ /I$"0€7(+)7¢'(1'*9)ie/I$
7*P'#1FCD),989i)r&$>‚!0:;'&B>(G'?<CD)
,>C6F&$>6:;'D0/jiL'6F6*>'EF0!E$EF&)2!
8)=;'<8)=eF<,…:;'6*>',+E$0/jiL'6F
*€''!y<CD),>i)r&$6(#•G$•*$,…•G$";<”k!'
i)r8)0CD),>&1/$iB'(73B7|)•j"!( <(I&f:B,>•=
/2!Dg'“/†G"$!<!F(KFD=B•7e,#B)•#,#B)
kC6F&$:B,>*:$!
24
- hD),>>/#B:;'#'</)=k*:;'
#D"!( CƒL$e‡7$!ˆ<Cƒe!K‡‚•qP)ˆ•
:;'s$+D(I&fCƒ$•)$'<']I‡„•„ˆ<

- hD),>89>(G'7e,*!<K7,*!'‚$!•
- hD),>89/#B:;''‚8)=<"!( s$:;'</)=
k*s$?y2<s$MG)<@;'M<<”
- hD),>/%$:;'K7&!'/;'ie*D•K/j!
!F2/),B))2!<*I&1„•„<€e)0<I&1‚•
qP)<”
1.3.3. Nhận xét về xói lở bờ hệ thống sông rạch ở BĐCM
k&B'CD),>895M':;'>?/$'C6F&$"7•8)0
(D)2!*+''F•j')$„'
- hD),>89:;'&BC6F&$)2!>g'"!( I!
6*>'•BE$0/jEF&)2!8)=;'*!F5‚•
qP)<'%)=<„•„‡$!ˆ<;'6)<7?B)-!‡~?B
)-!ˆ<”
- ‚!0:;'&B,!F0&•')$#;'EF
f&#'"!( /2!C6F&$)5*€':B,>
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1.4. Định hướng các giải pháp kỹ thuật phòng chống xói lở bờ sông thủy
triều vùng BĐCM
1.4.1. Một số vấn đề cần xem xét trong công tác bảo vệ bờ chống xói trên
sông vùng triều
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