Khai thác chung dòng sông Mê Kông vấn đề đặt ra đối với Việt Nam và các nước liên quan


KHOA LUẬT
*



NGUYÊ
̃
N ĐƢ
́
C LI
̣
CH



“KHAI THA
́
C CHUNG DÒNG SÔNG MÊ KÔNG”
VÂ
́
N ĐÊ
̀
ĐĂ
̣
T RA ĐÔ
́
I VƠ
́
I VIÊ

̣
T NAM
V CC NƢC LIÊN QUAN



LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ LUẬT HỌC







Hà Nội – 2013












KHOA LUÂ
̣
T

NGUYÊ
̃
N ĐƢ
́
C LI
̣
CH


“KHAI THA
́
C CHUNG DÒNG SÔNG MÊ KÔNG”
VÂ
́
N ĐÊ
̀
ĐĂ
̣
T RA ĐÔ
́
I VƠ
́
I VIÊ
̣
T NAM
V CC NƢC LIÊN QUAN

Chuyên nga
̀
nh : Luâ
̣
t Quô
́
c tê
́

M s : 60 38 60

LUÂ
̣
N VĂN THA
̣
C SI
̃
LUÂ
̣
T HO
̣
C




Ngươ
̀
i hươ
́

ng dẫn khoa ho
̣
c: TS. Nguyê
̃
n Lan Nguyên
Hà Nội – 2013



MỤC LỤC
Trang
LỜI CAM ĐOAN

MỤC LỤC

DANH MỤC CÁC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT

DANH MU
̣
C CA
́
C BA
̉
NG

MƠ
̉
ĐÂ
̀
U

Chƣơng 1. NHƢ
̃
NG VÂ
́
N ĐÊ
̀
PHA
́
P LY
́
TÔ
̉
NG QUAN VỀ KHAI
THÁC CHUNG DÒNG SÔNG MÊ KÔNG
5
1.1. 
5
1.2. 











8
1.2.1. 






8
1.2.2. 




13
1.2.3. 




14
Chƣơng 2. THƢ
̣
C TRA
̣
NG KHAI THC CHUNG DÒNG SÔNG
MÊ KÔNG GIƢ
̃
A CA

́
C QUÔ
́
C GIA TRONG LƢU VƢ
̣
C
39
2.1. 
39
2.1.1. 
39
2.1.2. 
40
2.1.3. 
40
2.1.4. 
41
2.2. 
















49
2.2.1.  khoa hc ca hong khai thác chung dòng sông
Mê Kông
49
2.2.2. 




54
2.2.3. 












66
Chƣơng 3. QUAN ĐIÊ
̉
M XÂY DƢ

̣
NG VA
̀
GIA
̉
I PHA
́
P HOA
̀
N
THIÊ
̣
N CƠ CHÊ
́
HƠ
̣
P TA
́
C KHAI THC CHUNG DÒ NG
SÔNG MÊ KÔNG
76
3.1. , 
thác chung dòng sông Mê Kông
76
3.1.1. 













thác chung dòng sông Mê Kông
76
3.1.2.  










chung dòng sông Mê Kông
78
3.2.  


Mê Kông
80
3.2.1. 







80
3.2.2. 






86
3.2.3. 




87
3.2.4. 











90


KÊ
́
T LUÂ
̣
N
95
DANH MU
̣
C TA
̀
I LIÊ
̣
U THAM KHA
̉
O
96
PHỤ LỤC
102



DANH MU
̣
C CA
́
C CHƢ
̃

VIÊ
́
T TĂ
́
T

ACMECS : - Chao Phraya - Mekong
ADB : 








ASEAN : Hip hi các qu
BDP : Quy hoch Phát tric
CLMV : Hp tác bc Campuchia, Lào, Mianma và Vit Nam
CLV 
CNMC : U ban sông Mê Công Campuchia
ECAFE : 






EIA ng
ESCAP : 


 
GMS : Tiu vùng sông Mê Công m rng
IRN : 












LMI : 












MPCC : Tiu ban Mê Công v Bii khí hu

MRC : U hi sông Mê Công quc t
MRCS  hi sông Mê Công quc t
NGO : T chc phi chính ph
NMC : U ban sông Mê Công quc gia
NMCS  ban sông Mê Công quc gia
PDIES : Th ti và chia s thông tin và d liu
PMFM : Th tc Duy trì Dòng chy trên Dòng chính
PNPCA : Th tc Thông báo, Tham vc và Tho thun
PWQ : Th tc Chc
PWUM : Th tc Giám sát s dc
RBC : U c sông
RBO : T chc sông
TNMC : U ban sông Mê Công Thái Lan
USD 
VNMC : U ban sông Mê Công Vit Nam
WB : 




WCD : 

DANH MỤC CC SƠ ĐỔ

Số hiệu,
Sơ đồ
Tên Sơ đồ
Trang
1








(MRC)
30

MƠ
̉

ĐÂ
̀
U

1. Tnh cấp thit của đ tài

       am. 




























 . 






















 























.
Theo T sông Mê Kông 
, 
tát   
[73]. 

 sông Mê Kông. 






       (1.350MW)  
(1.350KW) (4.200MW) 
 
 















   [31].  , 



, 






.

Kông, 
 ,  













 .  , 

              
.  ,  .
, 



 















 

2. Tình hình nghiên cứu đ tài
Trong nht s công trình nghiên cu v v






 ,  c sách
chuyên kh








 , 

p tác quc
t : 

   : 





 ông 










  NXB Khoa hc Xã hi 2001; Maria
Serena I.Diokno and Nguyen Van Chinh: The MeKong arranged &
rearranged (Cu trúc và tái cu trúc khu vc sông Mê Kông)  NXB Mekong
Press 2006; Nguyn Th Hng Nhung: Vai trò ca chính quy
trong hp tác tiu vùng sông Mê Kông m rng  NXB Khoa hc Xã hi
2011; Nguyn Th Hoàn: Thc tri và thách thi vi Vit Nam
trong hp tác phát trin vùng sông Mê Kông  Hi thi hc Kinh t Quc
Dân; Nguyn Công Trng: Sông Mê Kông  nhng ti: Qua

nghiên cu ca U u phi h -1972)  
 2008. Ngoài ra còn có mt lun án, lu
u v v ngu mc chung theo pháp lut
quc gia, pháp lut quc t n: Pháp lut bo v ngun
c  Vit Nam, thc trng  ng hoàn thin  Lun án ti
(LA.GVLA 000525); Nguyn Hi Hà An: 
 - 
Hà:  
 2010;  : 





  












  






 2010 
n và thc tin v pháp lut bo
v nguc quc t nói chung. Tuy nhiên, 








  c tin ca hong hp tác khai thác


3.Mục đch, nhiệm vụ nghiên cƣ
́
u
3.1. Mục đch nghiên cứu
            
chung dòng sông Mê Kông, 





. 













 sông Mê Kông, 


pháp lý, 






3.2. Nhiệm vụ nghiên cứu

- 

.
- 





























. 


















.
- 






.

4. Đối tƣợng nghiên cứu


















 : 





 , 




thông, 










 , 






 














 . 
, 





. 














.
5. Phƣơng pha
́
p nghiên cƣ
́
u




 , 
































  Lênin, 











. , 
: 



 , 



, 

, ,  















.
6. Kt cấu của luâ
̣
n văn
 , , 

: 




sông Mê Kông.
 











 



















khai thác chung dòng sông Mê Kông.
Chƣơng 1
NHỮNG VẤN ĐỀ PHA
́
P LY
́
TỔNG QUAN VỀ
KHAI THÁC CHUNG DÒNG SÔNG MÊ KÔNG
1.1. Cc quan niệm v khai thc chung






 

        


th

,   



             [11]. Theo
 
 


[11].
           
 
    

[11].
 - 

[11]:
- 




      


- 


lý v

   


-  









 











     
, dòng
,  , 
, 




, 




 
 - 












.

1.2. Cơ sơ
̉
php lý đảm bảo cơ ch khai thc chung dòng sông Mê Kông
1.2.1. Điê
̀
u ƣơ
́
c quô
́
c tê
́
phô
̉
câ
́
p toa
̀
n câ
̀
u






 , 











 1923 























 


























 . 












 












 . 












quan, 











 





























.  

.


.  1966 













 :
a


























(4).
 1966 































 

phi giao thông.  1966 






:


, 





































 , 




























 .


, 











 , 



















lu.


, 


































 : 




 . 



















































.



, 

 








































 . 




















 . 





 












 
1975)  



















.
 1997, 

























 , 

 







( 1997). 

37 , 1 
. 




















 

 




, 







 

. 
























































 

. 












.


























 (5); 




 ( 7); 








 (11 17); 


 

(20,21,22  23). 


























, 























.


 1997 





























:
- 













 
































 (5). 











;
- 

























(6);
- 































 , ,
(8);
- 
























(9);
-  , 

, 


























































(11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18 19);
- 














































  (20, 
22 23);
- 









(27 28).


 














 , 






















 . 

 

, 

 1997 


 :


 , 








































 ,
  7 
 .



















 5  6 



 








 .



















 , 
























. 





 , 



















 , 



















 .


hai, 









































. Theo
17 , 
















































 

























. 
















































 








 06 . 

























 . 












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



, .


 1997 































 


 . 

















:


, 























 














. 





























 , 





















 












.


, 


























 







 , 

.


, 




































 




  


Kông. 







 


































35 


, 





25 



.
1.2.2. Điê
̀
u ƣơ
́
c quô
́
c tê
́
khu vƣ
̣
c




































. Thông



, 




































 , 














 . 

















 1968 








thiên nhiên; 



 1971 









; 



 1985  (ASEAN) 










i nguyên thiên nhiên ; 

1992 




.
, 














 , 





























































 , 







 








.


1.2.3. Điê
̀

u ƣơ
́
c quô
́
c tê
́
lƣu vƣ
̣
c




 

















 . 
 :
-  








;
- 
 , 












;
- 





() 


, 







.
 









 . Tuy nhiên, 












, 
















:
1.2.3.1.Tuyên bô
́
chung vê
̀
nguyên tă
́

c sƣ
̉
du
̣
ng nƣơ
́
c ơ
̉
ha
̣
lƣu vƣ
̣
c
sông Mê Kông 1975 (gọi tắt là Tuyên bố chung 1975)



c là: 







, 































,  







































.
















 






































.



, 







 1975 






 -sinh-ki 1966.


    


 : 
























































 

, 















.


































,  , 























.
       







 



.  ,  1975 

:  

















 



 , hay










, 









 1975 



















 () 
Kông.  , 


































  1975. 
















 , 


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
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

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
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 
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. 

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
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
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

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
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
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
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
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
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
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
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
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
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

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
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
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
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



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
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
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
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.