Xây dựng hệ thống bài tập với Atlat Địa lí Việt Nam trong dạy học phần Địa lí tự nhiên lớp 12 Trung học phổ thông

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


 !"# 
$%&'( )*+#,&
(-'&&

!"# $%&'( 
)*+#,&(-'&&.
/0123/4526789:;<5=>808?
@ &+@
%A>B08C>BDE3<F:GCH!<IJK4LM<D<F:014@
NO@
NO@
 NP*@Q
 NP*@Q
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MỞ ĐẦU
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L]>BLA>3V;MD^008_JL]>BLA>3VI0540/452<R04:J`08FJa<5MbJ\C>
GcJ8B<caD8a4/452d3WJL<R06:M>e<T\>BJK4>`3XfJ08F8<R>J8Kg^\
L]>BLA>3V1a>BT9g8hJ/452i01Xj>B78?08Y>BJcJ5a9<0540>`<J8\>B
;M0540/452<R04:>`<1<E>BJ`;4<01k1l0m\4>01h>BH0540/452<R0
4:3XfJGSTU>B01a>BT9g8hJ:Y>/4525n7o65n7.;M5n7IC<;n<
8hJG<>8HI5n708p0540/452<R04:J`;4<01km\4>01h>BBl7Le<;p
>`5M0M<5<R\T\g>8l03XfJGSTU>B01a>BDp08<C0>B8<R71\>B8hJ78?
08Y>BH&Ia3`>^\L<^0GSTU>B0540;n<J8qJ>r>B>B\V>01<08qJ
HJ8qJ>r>BJk>59<5M:<>88h4I08pJ8ZJJ8Z>LM<08<JK4:p>8Gs3XfJ3<F:

J4an<;4<01k3`:M0540/452<R04:J82>85M0M<5<R\3XfJGSTU>B
08Xj>Bt\gE>01a>BT9g8hJLe:Y>/4525n7&
\g>8<E>8<R>>4gDu>r>BGSTU>B05403F5M:LM<0v7JK4>8<w\
Jk>g^\<w\>Mg3XfJLA>08x>>8v>08lgm\4JcJ5[>J8l:LM<08<0C0
>B8<R75n7B\gE>>8x>5MTaJcJy:D8Y>B>8v>08qJ3XfJ0[:m\4>
01h>BJK40540/452<R04:01a>B;<RJ8hJ:Y>/4525n7BaM<14
Jz>BJ`78[>5{<TaB<ca;<E>HI01a>Bm\c01p>8B<A>BT9gJ8X4J`78X|>B
78c70C<X\01a>BT9g8hJ;n<0540/452<R04:6J8X4Ga9>08Aa3XfJ8R
08C>BLM<0v7H%I;n<0540/45278UJ;UJ8aT9g8hJ5n7p;vg34
GCLi>B}D8<5M:JcJLM<0v7GSTU>B0540/452<R04:
/4520~>8<E>5M78[>:n<01a>BGcJ8B<caD8a4/4525n7>E>01a>B
m\c01p>8B<A>BT9gLA>08x>>BXj<T9gJk>BW7>8<w\D8`D8r><R>>4g
Jz>BJ8X4J`>8<w\JY>B01p>8>B8<E>Jq\;w;<RJGSTU>B0540/452<R0
4:01a>BT9g8hJ78[>/4520~>8<E>5n7
FB`778[>>x>BJ4aJ8l05Xf>BJK4;<RJT9g8hJLe:Y>/4525n7
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tập với Atlat Địa lí Việt Nam trong dạy học phần Địa lí tự nhiên lớp 12
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NỘI DUNG
CHƯƠNG 1. CƠ SỞ LÍ LUẬN VÀ THỰC TIỄN CỦA VIỆC
XÂY DỰNG HỆ THỐNG BÀI TẬP VỚI ATLAT ĐỊA LÍ VIỆT NAM
TRONG DẠY HỌC PHẦN ĐỊA LÍ TỰ NHIÊN LỚP 12 THPT
1.1. Bài tập Địa lí
1.1.1. Định nghĩa
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1.1.2. Vai trò của bài tập Địa lí trong dạy học
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1.1.3. Phân loại bài tập Địa lí
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1.2. Bài tập với Atlat Địa lí Việt Nam
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1.3. Vai trò của Atlat Địa lí Việt Nam
1.3.1. Đối với giáo viên
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1.3.2. Đối với học sinh
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1.4. Tình hình xây dựng hệ thống bài tập với Atlat Địa lí Việt Nam trong
dạy học Địa lí lớp 12 THPT
1.4.1. Thực trạng
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1.4.2. Nguyên nhân của thực trạng
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CHƯƠNG 2. XÂY DỰNG HỆ THỐNG BÀI TẬP VỚI ATLAT ĐỊA
LÍ VIỆT NAM TRONG DẠY HỌC PHẦN ĐỊA LÍ TỰ NHIÊN LỚP 12
THPT
2.1. Nguyên tắc và quy trình xây dựng hệ thống bài tập với Atlat Địa lí Việt
Nam
2.1.1. Nguyên tắc xây dựng
2.1.1.1. Hệ thống bài tập phải góp phần thực hiện mục tiêu của bài học
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2.1.1.2. Hệ thống bài tập phải gắn với nội dung của Atlat
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2.1.1.3. Hệ thống bài tập phải gắn với nội dung từng bài học của sách
giáo khoa và bám sát chuẩn kiến thức, kĩ năng
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2.1.1.4. Hệ thống bài tập phải đảm bảo tính đa dạng
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2.1.1.5. Hệ thống bài tập phải đảm bảo tính vừa sức và phát huy được
tính tích cực của học sinh
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8<R>3^>Gc>B09a%Z03[\%5M>8‡>BLM<0v7gE\J[\3hJ8<F\LA>3V6
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2.1.2. Quy trình xây dựng
Bước 1: Xác định các bài học ở phần Địa lí tự nhiên lớp 12 THPT
có thể ra bài tập với Atlat Địa lí Việt Nam
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Bước 2: Xác định trang Atlat sử dụng để ra bài tập cho mỗi bài học
ở sách giáo khoa
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GSTU>B>8‡>B014>B0540>Ma3F14LM<0v7
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H014>BQ’”I
Bước 3: Ra bài tập cho mỗi bài học
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01A5j<3[g3K
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1˜5MT~4;Ma014>B0540>Ma
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‘%M<0v7J8ŠJ[>GSTU>B05403F01A5j<•
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01A5j<3[g3K>e<T\>B•
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Bước 4: Soạn thảo hướng dẫn trả lời cho mỗi bài tập
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5j<J8a>8‡>BLM<0v7BZ>;n<D<^>08qJJ|LA>01a>BLM<8hJ
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J`i05408aWJLM<0v7>x>BJ4a6:i1e>BD<^>08qJTM>8J8aD8c6B<Œ<
2.2. Hệ thống bài tập với Atlat Địa lí Việt Nam dùng trong dạy học phần
Địa lí tự nhiên lớp 12 THPT
Bài 2. Vị trí địa lí, phạm vi lãnh thổ
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08FH014>BQ’”I6014>B<4a08Y>BH014>B@I
Bài 1.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BM>8J82>868=gJ8aL<^0

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@AB&:&
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=54'
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:_<B<jGC:lg
@AB&:&
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
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Bài 3. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>B<4a08Y>B68=gDF0E>:e0
GCJS4D8‚\m\CJ0^m\4>01h>B01E>3Xj>BL<E>B<n<JK4>XnJ04;n<JcJ>XnJ
1\>B‰\CJ6Ma64:7\J8<4
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D5*(6O&"P:&8&'
CBF2)4H)I&Q*G6)()8D(6
O&"PR&'
Bài 4. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BM>8J82>86DF0E>JcJ
08M>878C01~J08\eJ01\>BX|>BJK4>XnJ04
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D5*(67/
89:&8&'
CBF2)4H)I2*G6)()8D(6
7/89'
Bài 5.~4;Ma05403/452<R04:014>BM>8J82>868=gDF0E>:e0
GC3Aa6m\[>3AaJK4>XnJ04

@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D5*(6)H*RS)H:&8&'
CBF2)4H)I2*G6)()8D(6
)H*RS)H'
Bài 6. !cJ3/>801E>0540014>BM>8J82>8JcJ0Š>8B<c7L<F>JK4
>XnJ0408ya08q0~0€%ZJ;Ma4:
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D5*(6T64:&8&'
CBF2)4H)I2*G6)()8D(4
:&6T64'
@
Bài 7.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BM>8J82>8;M>e<T\>B
N68=g01p>8LMg;/0123/452;M789:;<5=>808?>XnJ04
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D(+!,-:&8&'
CBF2)4H)I2*G6)()8D6)78D
)(&'
Bài 6+7. Đất nước nhiều đồi núi
14>B0540GSTU>BJ8Kg^\•014>Bp>808FH014>BQ’”I†014>BcJ
:<w>0~>8<E>H014>B@’I†014>BLA>3VJcJŽ>BD<>80^H014>BQ’”’
o’.I
Bài 1.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>Bp>808F6014>BcJ:<w>0~
>8<E>;MD<^>08qJiN601p>8LMg3WJ3<F:J8\>BJK43/48p>8>XnJ04
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D)?)4!:&)(&;8&'
CBF2J*-D*)7#H)I"#$),
)4L&"#'
Bài 2. hJN:UJ6m\4>Gc08p>8Q;M0540/452<R04:
014>Bp>808F6014>BJcJ:<w>0~>8<E>68=g3<w>;MaLA>BG4\3WJ3<F:JcJ
D8\;~J3/48p>8JK4>XnJ04•

cJD8\;~J3/48p>8 <n<
89>
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Ž>B>_<xg%ZJ
Ž>B>_<%ZJ1Xj>B|>
Ž>B>_<4:1Xj>B|>
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D)?)4!:&"/)(&;'
CBF2)4*UU6*)7#H)I'

Bài 3.‰\4>Gc00540/452<R04:014>Bp>808F6~>8<E>;Ž>B
01\>BT\:<w>>_<%ZJ%e6tcJ3/>8JcJJc>8J\>B>_<;M>E\>8v>t•0;w3e
J4a3/48p>8JK4;Ž>BY>B%ZJ
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D5*(66:&VQW'
CBF2JH)IL&GX'
Bài 4.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>Bp>808F6~>8<E>;Ž>B
01\>BT\:<w>>_<%ZJ%e68=gDF0E>JcJT=g>_<5n>JK4;Ž>B>_<xg%ZJ
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D5*(6,3L:&VLYJ3
W'
CBF2)4H)IG6)()8D6)78D)(&'
Bài 5. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>Bp>808F6~>8<E>;Ž>B
%ZJ1\>B%e6;Ž>BT\gE>8A<4:1\>B%e68=g>8v>t•0G~D8cJ>84\;w
3eJ4a;M8Xn>BJcJT=g>_<JK41Xj>B|>%ZJ;M1Xj>B|>4:
@AB&:&
C#$2;3)8DU/"6&=)&86
,3L:&Y8M9WY8M91&!'

CBF2UU6*)7#H)IL&GX'
Bài 6. ‰\4>Gc00540/452<R04:014>Bp>808F6~>8<E>3V>B
L]>BGY>BV>B6GY>BS\a>B;MT~4;Ma>8‡>BD<^>08qJ3=8hJ68=g
>8v>t•0;w3/48p>8JK43V>BL]>BGY>BV>B;M3V>BL]>BGY>BS\a>B
@AB&:&
C#$2;3)8DU/"6&=)&86
,3L:&Y8M9WY8M91&!'
CBF2UU6*)7#H)IL&GX'
•
Bài 7. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>Bp>808F6~>8<E>;Ž>B
%ZJ1\>B%e6T\gE>8A<4:1\>B%e6>E\>8v>t•0;w3WJ3<F:JK43V>B
L]>B;y>L<F>:<w>1\>B
@AB&:&
C#$2GX)8D)?)4!:&)IZ[4!=
Y'
CBF2UU6*)7#H)I*J-DL&
GX'
Bài 8. Thiên nhiên chịu ảnh hưởng sâu sắc của biển
14>B0540GSTU>BJ8Kg^\•014>BM>8J82>8H014>B’•I6014>Bp>8
08FH014>BQ’”I6014>B/4J8l0D8ac>BGA>H014>BoI6014>B8~J;v0;M3e>B;v0
H014>BI
Bài 1.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BM>8J82>8;MD<^>08qJi
N6>E\3WJ3<F:D8c<m\c0;wL<F>Y>B
@AB&:&
C#$2;3)8D)?)4!"6R6=4Q'
CBF2)4H)I2"#D"#$>
)4L&"#'
Bài 2.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BM>8J82>86014>Bp>808F6
J8aL<^0JcJ;/>8L<F>G4\3xg08\eJ0Š>8608M>878C>Ma•9a>B6M™>B6
!\x>M<6x>&8a>B64:)4>8

@AB&:&
C#$2G6)()8D(:&!U7(4:&8
&'
CBF2UU6*)7#H)I22;4)4;!
&"#$'
Q
Bài 3.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>B/4J8l0D8ac>BGA>6014>B
8~J;v0;M3e>B;v068=g>E\JcJ>B\V>0M<>B\gE>08<E>>8<E>i;Ž>BL<F>
>XnJ04
@AB&:&
C#$2G6)()8D(:&!U7(4:&8
&'
CBF2UU6*)7#H)I)4;!&"#$'
Bài 9+10. Thiên nhiên nhiệt đới ẩm gió mùa
14>B0540GSTU>BJ8Kg^\•014>BN828v\H014>B.I6014>BcJ8R
08C>BGY>BH014>B•I6014>BcJ>8`:;MJcJ5a9<3l0J82>8H014>BI6014>B
8~J;v0;M3e>B;v0H014>BI6014>BcJ:<w>0~>8<E>H014>B@’I
Bài 1. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BN828v\68=gtcJ3/>8
8Xn>BJK4B<`:Ž4:Ž489;MB<`:Ž4:Ž43Y>Bi>XnJ04
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D8[!V&:&8&'
CBF2)4H)I"'
Bài 2. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BN828v\;MD<^>08qJ3=
8hJ5M:1˜ 02>8J8l0>8<R03n<JK4D828v\>XnJ04
@AB&:&
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Bài 3. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BN828v\;MD<^>08qJi
N6J8q>B:<>81]>B;Ma:Ž43Y>B6D828v\>XnJ04J`G~78x>8`478qJ

097<A<082J8G~78x>8`43`
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GZ7t^708ya08q0~0€5n>3^>L•;wT<R>02J85X\;~JJK4.8R08C>BGY>B5n>
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@AB&:&
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Bài 5.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BcJ8R08C>BGY>B6014>B
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@AB&:&
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:&8&R&6SUQ]*)EU'
CBF2UU6*)7#H)I)4;!&"#$'
Bài 11 + 12. Thiên nhiên phân hóa đa dạng
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;MJcJ5a9<3l0J82>8H014>BI6014>B8~J;v0;M3e>B;v0H014>BI6014>B
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Bài 1. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BN828v\6014>BcJ:<w>0~
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4:JK4J8^3e>8<R0;MJ8^3e:X4i>XnJ04
@AB&:&

C#$24)8DJ&[=W^1&!:&
#)0#)!8&>8&'
o
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LA>08x>6>8v>t•0G~084g3?<08<E>>8<E>0€Y>BG4>BxgJK4>XnJ04
@AB&:&
C#$24)8DU/&3)-55QU&YJ3:&
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Bài 3. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BN828v\6m\4>Gc0L<F\3V
>8<R03e;M5Xf>B:X4JK4Me<6M™>B6&V82<>8D^08f7;n<
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Bài 4.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>Bp>808F6014>B/4J8l0
D8ac>BGA>6014>BN828v\6014>B8~J;v0;M3e>B;v06014>BcJ:<w>0~
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C#$2#)8D)?)4!9H:&6!=/5'
.
CBF2)4H)IL&"#'
Bài 5. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BcJ>8`:;MJcJ5a9<3l0
J82>868=g01p>8LMgG~78x>LCJcJ>8`:;MJcJ5a9<3l0J82>8i>XnJ04
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C#$2#)8DU/J76!6+)E>
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Bài 6. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>B cJ:<w>0~>8<E>68=g
78x>02J85c0JZ0–%0€G|>>B\gE>V>Br>3^>JS4GY>B8c<%p>80€
3`1_014>8‡>B3WJ3<F:J82>8JK43/48p>8:<w>%ZJ;MY>B%ZJ%ZJ%e
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D)?)4!:&)(&;!=W
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CBF2J)8D6)(&;'
Bài 7.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>B cJ:<w>0~>8<E>68=g
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@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D)?)4!:&)(&;!=YJ3W
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CBF2J)8D6)(&;'
Bài 14. Sử dụng và bảo vệ tài nguyên thiên nhiên
14>B0540GSTU>BJ8Kg^\•014>Be>B08~J;v0H014>BI6014>B
x:>B8<R7H014>B•I
Bài 1.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>Bx:>B8<R768=gDF0E>JcJ
0Š>8J`0Š5RT<R>02J81€>BGa;n<T<R>02J80aM>0Š>801E>Q•š
@AB&:&
•
C#$2#)8D56T)[:'
CBF2)4H)I_J!0*G6)()8D5*(
6T)[:'
Bài 2. ~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>Bx:>B8<R76J8aL<^0
>8‡>B;Ž>B>MaJ`T<R>02J81€>B20>8l0>XnJ04
@AB&:&
C#$2#)8D6V0'
CBF2)4H)I_J!0*G6)()8D5*(
6V0'
Bài 3.~4;MaL<F\3V<R>02J81€>BJK4JA>XnJm\4JcJ>r:H014>B
x:>B8<R7I68=g>8v>t•0G~L<^>3e>BT<R>02J81€>Bm\4JcJB<4<3a9>
•••–•••;M•••–••”›<A<082J8
@AB&:&
C#$24)8DU/#)0:&8&'
CBF2#6GX4)I'
Bài 4.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>B8~J;v0;M3e>B;v068=g
DF0E>JcJ;Xj>m\CJB<408yaL4:<w>0~>8<E>JK4>XnJ04
@AB&:&
C#$2#568MR7&[&!=/5:&
8&'
CBF2)4H)IY/)*G6)()8D(
68MR7&:&8&'

Bài 15. Bảo vệ môi trường và phòng chống thiên tai
14>B0540GSTU>BJ8Kg^\•014>BN828v\H014>B.I
Bài 1.~4;Ma0540/452<R04:014>BN828v\68=g>8v>t•0;w
8Xn>BT<J8\gF>;M0[>G\l0JK4L=a;Ma<R04:8aL<^0;Ž>B>MaJ8/\
A>88Xi>B>8<w\>8l0JK4L=a
@AB&:&

C#$2#)8D834SUE:&,
01&!*V(H8>=E:&,'
CBF2)4H)I*G6)(6)78D)(&
L&GX'
2.3. Một số định hướng sử dụng
2.3.1. Sử dụng hệ thống bài tập trong giờ lên lớp
%;n<0540/452<R04:3XfJGSTU>B3FB<_71•>5\gR>Dˆ
>r>BGSTU>B05406JK>BJC63MaGx\D<^>08qJ6;v>TU>BD<^>08qJ3FB<A<
m\g^0JcJ;l>3w08~J0<…>6m\43`Jz>BB`778[>B<caTUJ
8j<B<4>JK4:e0B<j5E>5n75M0X|>B3C<>BZ>Ga;n<>8\J[\8hJ0v7
JK46;p;vg:MJ[>78A<5~4J8h>>8‡>BLM<0v7J|LA>>8l06Lc:Gc0
>e<T\>BLM<8hJFGSTU>B%:e0JcJ8J`8<R\m\A01a>B:e0B<jT9g
8hJ6J[>5~4J8h>LM<0v701a>B%D8<Ga9>B<cac>
 
N8<T9gLM<Y55J&)&+04D8Y>B>E>GSTU>BLM<
0v7G4\3xg•./&%&(&01&!&6!=/5*,3J
6%^WU935IF)#O&UQY6W;)L
& )?)4!:&)(&;!=WQWWW'aLM<
0v7>Mg78qJ097;MD8Y>B78A<J\>BJl7D<^>08qJJ|LA>;p;vg>E>
TM>8J8a>8‡>BD8c6B<Œ<;w5M:i>8M
‰\4;<RJGSTU>B%;n<5540/452<R04:01a>Bm\c01p>8T9g
8hJ/4525n7&0Y<>8v>08lg%;n<0540/452<R04:J`08F
GSTU>B3XfJ01a>BJcJ5a9<0<^08hJG4\•

‘<^08hJ5208\g^0
‘<^08hJY>0v760?>BD^0
‘<^08hJD<F:014
4\3xg0Y<t<>3X414:e0GCBf<‹JU08F;w8Xn>BGSTU>B%;n<
0540/452<R04:01a>BJcJ0<^08hJ>`<01E>

2.3.1.1. Sử dụng khi dạy tiết học lí thuyết
%;n<0540/452<R04:J`08FGSTU>B01a>B0l0JAJcJLXnJ
JK4m\c01p>8T9g8hJ:e00<^08hJ5208\g^0
a. Bài tập kiểm tra kiến thức cũ
p>808qJD<F:014D<^>08qJJzJ`08F5MD<F:014:<R>B8aWJD<F:014
•78_0>E>J8h>LM<0v75<E>m\4>3^>D<^>08qJJ|LA>JK4LM<8hJD^
01XnJHD8aA>B0€3^>Jx\I3FB<_70c<8<R>D<^>08qJJz01XnJD8<8hJ
LM<:n<
 •
%XnJD<F:014LM<JzJK4W``aY55J&)&+d
J`08FGSTU>BLM<0v7G4\•a./&%&(&01&!&
"#$),!b E0):&"8&d
b. Bài tập vận dụng khi giảng bài mới
xg5MLXnJm\4>01h>B>8l0;MJ8<^:>8<w\08j<B<4>>8l001a>Bm\c
01p>8T9g8hJ\g>8<E>608j<5Xf>B:e00<^08hJ5MJ`89>;p;vgJ[>
78A<T~4;Ma:UJ0<E\LM<8hJ:M5~4J8h>>8‡>BLM<0v7Lc:Gc0>e<T\>B
LM<8hJ3F3W014JcJJx\8Œ<J8a
 
N8<B<A>BLM<:n<JK4%M<QaE8=)ILdJ`08FGS
TU>BJcJLM<0v766@66•01a>BGCJcJLM<0v7txgT~>BJ8aLM<>Mg
c. Bài tập củng cố, hệ thống hóa kiến thức
%M<0v7;n<0540/452<R04:Jz>BJ`08FTŽ>B3FJK>BJC68R
08C>B8`4D<^>08qJ;MaJ\C<0<^08hJJ[>5~4J8h>>8‡>BLM<0v7J`02>8
D8c<m\c08`4J4a>e<T\>BD<^>08qJLM<8hJ3FT9g78[>JK>BJC

 
N8<T9g78[>JK>BJCJK4%M<a()(&*+!,-dJ`
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2.3.1.2. Sử dụng khi dạy tiết học ôn tập, củng cố
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;MD<^>08qJ3=8hJ68=gJ8q>B:<>802>878x>8`408yaJ8<w\%ZJ–4:JK4
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2.3.1.3. Sử dụng khi dạy tiết học kiểm tra
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2.3.2. Sử dụng hệ thống bài tập ngoài giờ lên lớp
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0v7G4\3xg•
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),*,3L& GXH=)?)4!:&0)
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2.4. Thiết kế bài dạy học phần Địa lí tự nhiên lớp 12 THPT có sử dụng hệ
thống bài tập đã xây dựng
Bài 2. Vị trí địa lí, phạm vi lãnh thổ
I. Mục tiêu bài học
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5=>808?>XnJ04
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