MỘT SỐ KINH NGHIỆM ÔN THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH THPT

MỘT SỐ KINH NGHIỆM ÔN THI
MÔN TIẾNG ANH THPT
A. Nghiên cứu tổng quát về đề thi 2011
Nội dung số câu số điểm
Phonetics vowels /I/ & /aI/
consonants /t∫/& /k/
/eɪdʒ/& /ɪdʒ/
3 0,6
primary stress 2 0,4
vocabulary parts of speech 7 1.4
structures 20 4.0
mistake correction structures + vocabulary 5 1.0
communication skill 3 0.6
reading 5 1.0
cloze reading structures + vocabulary 5 1.0
Notes: Các cấu trúc câu đóng vai trò quan trọng trong đề thi. Nếu học sinh nắm chắc các cấu trúc
cơ bản, các em có thể đạt được điểm 5.0
B. Các chủ điểm cần chú ý khi ôn thi:
I. Ngữ âm:
Trong đề thi tốt nghiệp phổ thông, ngữ âm có 5 câu / 50 câu của toàn đề ; tương ứng điểm 1/10.
Qua nghiên cứu đề thi các năm, chúng ta cần lưu ý ôn tập cho học sinh các phần sau:
1. Cách phát âm verb + ed
2. Cách phát âm plural nouns hoặc verb + s/es
3. Phân biệt các nguyên âm , nguyên âm đôi.
4. Phân biệt các phụ âm
Những kinh nghiệm cần chia sẻ
- Ngay khi bắt đầu ôn tập, giáo viên nên cung cấp cho học sinh hệ thống bài tập ngữ âm đầy đủ. Có
bài tập photo trong tay, cả giáo viên và học sinh sẽ tiết kiệm được rất nhiều thời gian, việc ôn tập sẽ
thuận lợi; học sinh có thể sử dụng tài liệu để tự học ở nhà.Trước khi làm bài tập, giáo viên cần ôn
tập cho học sinh các kiến thức cơ bản về ngữ âm dưới dạng sơ đồ ngắn gọn.
- Dựa vào kiến thức được cung cấp, học sinh có thể tự tạo các bài tập ngữ âm khác theo nhóm

( ngữ liệu từ các bài đọc trong sách giáo khoa); điều này sẽ giúp các em nhớ lâu hơn.Điều quan
trọng là giáo viên phải có đủ thời gian để kiểm tra .
- Hướng dẫn học sinh dùng bút chì ghi chú âm và dấu nhấn trong sách giáo khoa.
eg.
/t∫/ /aI/
chore , vital ………
- Giáo viên luôn phát âm chính xác, đọc rõ các âm cuối khi đọc mẫu.
- Thường xuyên cho học sinh làm bài tập ngữ âm, chú ý sửa lỗi phát âm trong học sinh trên lớp.
1. Cách phát âm verb + ed
Verb + ed
/ Id / / t / /d/
/ t / & / d / /k/, /p/, /f/, /s/, /∫/, /t∫/ The left sounds
planted, needed looked, stopped, laughed,
missed, washed, watched
changed, smiled,
borrowed…
Notes: Từ tận cùng là ‘ce’ luôn được phát âm /s/
Từ tận cùng là ‘se’ có thể phát âm /z/ hoặc /s/

/z/ /s/
cause, rise, surprise, raise , praise,
Portuguese, these, theses …
increase , decrease , promise , practise ,
release, chase, base….
Some adjectives, adverbs or nouns ending in ‘ed’ are pronounced /Id/
eg.
(adj) wicked [ 'wikid ] : xấu xa; độc ác
(adj) beloved [ bi'lʌvid ]: được yêu mến
(adj) naked [ 'neikid ] : trần, trơ trụi
(adj) learned ['lɛ:(r)nid]:có học thức

(adv) supposedly [sə'pəuzidli]: giả sử là
(adv) deservedly [di'zɛ:vidli]: xứng đáng
(n) hatred [ 'heitrid ] : lòng căm thù
2. Cách phát âm plural nouns hoặc verb + s/es
Noun / Verb + s / es
/ s / /Iz / /z /
/ k, p, t, f, θ /
/s, ∫, t∫, dʒ ,ʒ , z /
The left sounds
books, maps , hats,
laughs, months
misses, washes, churches,
oranges, garages ,causes
walls, chairs , plays ,
bags
3. Phân biệt các nguyên âm
‘e’
/I:/ /e/ /I/
/ə/
she send below offer
1. A. energy B. hen C. decrease D. deck
2. A. below B. fence C. lend D. kettle
‘0’
/ɛ:/
/əʊ/
/ /ʌ / /ʊ
worth no none woman
/ɔ:/ /ɔ/
/I/ /w/
/ə/

lorry hot women one today
1. A. ton B. monkey C. honey D. lorry
2. A. slow B. sorry C. only D. soldier
‘u’
/ /ʌ
/I/
/ /ʊ
/ju:/
mug busy sugar uniform
/ə/
/ju/
/ :/ʊ /ɛ:/
nature huge June furniture
1. A. cup B. umbrella C. trunk D. university
2. A. mute B. turtle C. uniform D. unite
‘i’
/I/ /aI/ /3:/
drink mile bird
1. A. title B. kite C. kitchen D. smile
2. A. shirts B. little C. big D. spring
‘a’
/a:/
/ɔ:/
/æ/
/ə/
/eI/
star war land husband face
1. A. warm B. far C. star D. harbour
2. A. sand B. fan C. machine D. camera
4. Phân biệt các phụ âm

‘c’
/s/
/k/
/∫/
/ t∫ /
city corn special cello
1. A. coin B. city C. cure D. candy
2. A. centre B. cell C. cinema D. cute
‘g’
/g/
/d /ʒ / /ʒ
gift giant regime
1. A. generation B. gain C. gangster D. get
2. A. gone B. gum C. germ D. gaudy
‘ch’
/t∫/ /k/ /∫/
chair chorus machine
1. A. machine B. chicken C. church D. challenge
2. A. character B. chemistry C. champagne D. chorus
‘s’
/s/ /∫/
/ /ʒ
/z/
see sure leisure reason
1. A. sure B. sunny C. summer D. sung
2. A. passion B. sick C. source D. sand
‘th’
/θ/ /ð/
thing clothing
1. A. clothes B. there C. clothing D. theme

2. A. thanks B. without C. thumb D. month
II. Chức năng giao tiếp:
Các mẫu câu giao tiếp :
Phần lớn các mẫu câu thực hành kỹ năng giao tiếp ở dạng câu hỏi. Học sinh cần nắm chắc về
cấu trúc các loại câu hỏi để có thể chọn câu trả lời đúng. Giáo viên cần hướng dẫn học sinh cấu
trúc của các loại câu hỏitrước khi thực hành.
. 1. A: How do you do ? I’m Bill Thompson
B: How do you do.
2. A: Is it all right if I use the phone?
B: Yes, of course
3. A. Do you want beer or wine?
B. I’d prefer beer, please.
4.A: thank you very much.
B: You’re welcome.
5. A: How nice is your dress!
B: Thanks. I’m glad you like it.
Questions:
TYPES OF QUESTIONS EXAMPLES
WH-QUESTIONS
Wh-word as subject:
Wh-word + V + O ?
S
Who likes cartoon films ?
What happened ?
WH-QUESTIONS
Wh-word as object:
Wh-word + Aux + S + V ?
O
What did you see at the trade fair?
Where do you work?

YES / NO QUESTIONS Have you finished your work?
Can you speak English?
‘OR’ QUESTIONS Do you like rural life or urban life?
Are you a doctor or a nurse?
Tuy nhiên , giáo viên cũng cần lưu ý đến những tình huống giao tiếp đặc biệt với những câu trả
lời mặc đònh. Các câu giao tiếp không phảilúc nào cũng ở dạng câu hỏi.
eg.
Những kinh nghiệm rút ra từ thực tế giảng dạy:
Hệ thống bài tập đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc giảng dạy: ngay từ đầu năm học,
giáo viên nên cung cấp cho học sinh hệ thống bài tập giao tiếp đầy đủ. Có bài tập photo trong
tay, cả giáo viên và học sinh sẽ tiết kiệm được rất nhiều thời gian, việc giảng dạy ôn tập sẽ
theo một kế hoạch nhất đònh, mang tính khoa học cao. Ngoài ra học sinh còn có thể sử dụng tài
liệu để tự học ở nhà.(xem phần bài tập thêm)
III. Vocabulary:
1. Giáo viên nên hướng dẫn học sinh nhận diện được vi trí của từ loại trong câu.
Adjectives be + adj
feel + look/become/seem/
grow/get…+ adj
He’s young.
He looks fit and strong
Adverbs Verb + adv
Adv + adj + adv
He drives carefully.
We must protect our naturally
beautiful world.
2. Chú ý cung cấp cho học sinh các word family theo các chủ đề đã học.
Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
danger endanger dangerous dangerously
3. Chú ý cung cấp các tổ hợp từ ( collocations ) thường đi với nhau.
eg: be in danger

become extinct.
Be in danger of extinction
4. Soạn thêm bài tập từ vựng dạng word form và nhận diện lỗi.
Word form exercise:
Children’s lives are in danger every time they cross this road.
The traffic here is very dangerous for children.
She was standing dangerously close to the fire.
Development of the area would endanger wildlife.
Mistake identification:
1. A. It looks like rain.
B. Oh, I hope not.
2. A. Why don’t we go to Manchester together
B. That’s a good idea.
3. A. Good night !
B. Sleep well !
4. A. I’ve just passed the driving test.
B. Congratulations!
5. A. Hello. Can I speak to Cindy, please?
B. Sorry. She isn’t in. Can I take a message?
6. A. I’m going to take the final exams.
B. Good luck to you!
7. A. Happy New Year!
B. The same to you.
8. A. Make yourself at home.
B. That’s very kind. Thank you.
9. A. Thank you very much.
B. You’re welcome !
10. A. Hello John! How nice to see you!
B. Nice to see you, too.
Many young people lack skills, good education, and financial to settle in the urban areas where

A B C
many jobs are found.
D
Đáp án: B _ B phải là một danh từ ( finance)
EXTRA EXERCISE
I. PHONETICS
Verb + ed
helped, wanted, cleaned, raised, kissed, ended, waited, needed, treated, danced,
pleased, experienced, finished, practised, painted, lived, performed, mended, talked,
released, offered, moved, prevented, discovered, liked
/ Id / / t / /d/
wanted… helped… raised….
1. A. painted B. landed C. suited D. picked
2. A. killed B. cured C. crashed D. waved
3. A. called B. released C. rained D. followed
4. A. packed B. punched C. pleased D. pushed
5. A. ended B. decided C. cooked D. wanted
Noun / verb + s / es
helps, wants, cleans, raises, kisses, ends, waits, needs, treats, dances, students,
experiences, finishes, practises, paints, lives, performs, mends, talks , releases,
moves, prevents, likes
/ s / /Iz / /z /
helps…. kisses…. cleans…
1. A. maths B. kites C. bushes D. photographs
2. A. shirts B. books C. taps D. bosses
3. A. kites B. oranges C. changes D. horses
4. A. rivers B. folks C. streams D. holes
5. A. news B. questions C. fuels D. makes
II. COMMUNICATION
1. Why don’t you go out for a walk?

A. That’s a good idea ! B. No, I hope not.
C. I don’t think so D. You’re right.
2. What do you think of the concert ?
A. Oh! It’s great. B. I feel happy.
C. I’m very well. D. I don’t think so.
3. How do you go to work?
A. Oh! I drove. B. by bus.
C. in a car. D. It’s too far to ride a bike.
4. What’s the weather like today?
A. It’s in the rainy season. B. I don’t like hot weather.
C. I feel so bored D. It’s warm and sunny.
5. Would you like a cup of coffee?
A. No, I wouldn’t B. Yes, I agree with you.
C. Yes, please. D. I like coffee very much.
6. How far is it from your house to your school?
A. £4.99 B. About 4 miles.
C. Thank you very much. D. It’s four blocks.
7. How often do you watch films on TV?
A. Almost every day. B. Sorry. I don’t know
C. I like horror films. D. It’s great fun.
8. When’s your birthday?
A. I was born in 1995. B. April 12.
C. I had a party two days ago. D. For three years.
9. Where was he brought up?
A. On the bus. B. On the table.
C. On the ceiling. D. In a poor family.
10. Whose car is it?
A. It’s Mr. Brown’s B. It’s over there.
C. It looks very modern. D. It’s has just bought.
11. What time is the football on tonight ?

A. Well, it’s at twenty past nine. B. I enjoy watching it
C. It’s exciting. D. It’s my favourite programme.
12. It’s a lovely day! What shall we do?
A. No, of course not. B. It’s sunny.
C. Let’s play tennis! D. I hope so.
13. Did you have nice weather?
A. No, I don’t think so. B. I’m not interested in it.
C. I felt relaxed. D. Yes, it was sunny and warm during the day
14. How was your journey?
A. I’m not sure. B. Very good, thank you.
C. I’m very well, thank you. D. I’m not interested in it.
15. Excuse me, can you tell me the time?
A. It’s too late. B. Yeah, it’s half past three.
C. It’s very nice. D. Don’t worry about it.
16. Good afternoon . Can I help you, sir ?
A. No, you are very kind to say so. B. Yes, I’d like a pair of jeans, please.
C. Yes, of course. D. No, it’s my duty.
17. How often do you have your English class?
A. For two months. B. It’s not important.
C. Three times a week. D. I go there by bike.
18. I didn’t know John was married.
A. I don’t think so. B. Yes, please.
C. Neither did I. D. So did I.
19. I’m sorry I’m late.
A. What a nice surprise! B. Oh, that’s all right.
C. It’s great. D. Be careful.
20. What shall we do this evening?
A. I’d like to go to the cinema. B. I’m interested in sports.
C. I hope not. D. I hope so.
21. Would you like a cup of tea?

A. No, thanks. I’ve just had one. B. No. I’m not hungry.
C. Yes. I like it very much. D. No, I feel terrible.
22. Hope to see you again soon!
A. It’s very kind of you to say so. B. I hope so.
C. No, thanks. D. That’s all right.
23. What’s the matter with you?
A. I feel excited. B. I’ve got a headache.
C. I like my Job. D. I’m fine, thank you.
24. How are you feeling today?
A. I’m glad to see you. B. Thank you very much.
C. Much better, thanks. D. I don’t like it at all.
25. Someone is knocking at the door.
A. What’s wrong with it? B. Oh! I will answer it.
C. I will call an ambulance. D. I don’t know.
26. I can’t do my homework.
A. It’s interesting. B. Please give me a hand.
C. OK. I’ll help you. D. Remember to do it.
27. Thank you very much.
A. Yes, please. B. You’re welcome !
C. I hope so. D. It’s great.
28. What’s your father like?
A. He’s kind, honest but very strict. B. He likes sports
C. He’s a worker. D. He likes sports
29. May I borrow your pen?
A. Yes, certainly. B. No. I’m very busy.
C. I’m interested in it. D. Don’t mention it.
30. I’m sorry.
A. That’s all right. B. I’m glad to meet you here.
C. I feel happy. D. You’re very kind.
31. The weather is getting worse.

A. I hope so. B. I hope not.
C. Me too! D. So am I.
32. What would you like to drink, Sir?
A. Some fish and chips. B. A bottle of red wine, please
C. A salad, please. D. An ice-scream.
33. What shall we do this evening?
A. I slept well last night. B. Let’s watch a video.
C. I felt so bored then. D. There’s a football match.
34. Would you like a Chinese meal?
A. Yes, I love one. B. It’s so expensive.
C. I must go now. D. No problem.
35. Bye Kris. See you later.
A. That’s all right. B. Yes, see you!
C. No, thanks. D. I like it very much.
36. George : "In my opinion, action films are exciting".
Frankie : "______"
A. There's no doubt about it B. You shouldn't have said that
C. What an opinion! D. Yes, Congratulation!
37. Susan : "Can you do the cooking today?"
A. Yes, please. B. Oh, all right
C. No, thank you D. I know that
38. Tom: “You’ve got a lovely singing voice, Mary!”
Mary: “______”
A. Don’t mention it. B. Congratulations!
C. It’s all right. D. Thank you.
III. TRANSFORMATION
1. My father doesn’t smoke and he doesn’t drink.
A. My father doesn’t smoke but he drinks.
B. My father neither smokes nor drinks.
C. My father enjoys smoking and drinking.

D. My father not only smokes but also drinks.
4. The test we did last time was more difficult than this one.
A. We did an easy test last time and a difficult one this time.
B. This test is not as difficult as the one we did last time.
C. This time we have to do the most difficult test of all.
D. The test we have done this time is not difficult at all.
5. My father hasn’t smoked for two years.
A. My father gave up smoking two years ago.
B. My father started smoking two years ago.
C. It’s two years since my father started smoking.
D. The first time my father smoked was two years ago.
6. She last visited me three years ago.
A. She hasn’t visited me since three years.
B. She hasn’t visited me for three years.
C. She hadn’t visited me for three years.
D. She didn’t visit me for three years.
7. He last heard from his family two years ago.
A. It is two years when he has heard from his family.
B. He hasn't heard from his family since two years.
C. The last time he heard from his family two years ago.
D. It is two years since he last heard from his family.
8. He began to do his homework at 7 o’clock and he is still doing his homework.
A. He has done his homework since 7 o’clock.
B. He has done his homework at 7 o’clock.
C. He has been doing his homework at 7 o’clock.
D. He has been doing his homework since 7 o’clock.
3. “Remember to bring your books,” he said.
A. He reminded me to bring my books.
B. He warned me against bringing my books.
C. He asked me if I remembered to bring my books.

D. He said I remembered to bring my books.
8. She said, “Don’t be late again.”
A. She told to us not to be late again.
B. She said us to be not late again.
C. She told us not to be late again.
D. She said to us not to be late again.
9. “Would you like to go out for dinner, Mary?” said Tom
A. Tom invited Mary to go out for dinner.
B. Tom asked Mary if she would go out for dinner.
C. Tom ordered Mary to go out for dinner.
D. Tom warned Mary about going out for dinner.
. 10. “ I’m sorry I forgot your birthday,” Harry said to Mary.
A. Harry apologized to Mary for having forgotten her birthday.
B. Harry said sorry to Mary for forgetting her birthday.
C. Harry felt sorry to forget Marry’s birthday.
D. Harry really felt sorry not to remember Mary’s birthday.
11. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the plane.
A. If he hurried, he wouldn’t miss the plane.
B. If he had hurried, he might catch the plane.
C. If he had hurried, he could have caught the plane.
D. He didn’t miss the plane if he hurried.
12. Without transportation, our modern society would not exist.
A. If there were no transportation, our modern society would not exist.
B. If transportation no longer exists, our modern society will not either.
C. Our modern society does not exist if there is no transportation.
D. Our modern society will not exist without having traffic.
13. I didn’t tell Maria the truth, so she was angry with me.
A. If I hadn’t told Maria the truth, she wouldn’t have been angry with me.
B. Had I told Maria the truth, she wouldn’t have been angry with me.
C. If I had told Maria the truth, she would have been angry with me.

D. Maria wouldn’t be angry with me if I had told her the truth.
14. If I were taller, I could reach the top shelf.
A. I am not tall enough to reach the top shelf.
B.I am too tall to reach the top shelf.
C.I can not reach the top shelf because I am very tall.
D. spite of being tall, I cannot reach the top shelf.
15. Robots will do most of the work in factories .
A. Most of the work will be doing in factories by robots
B Most of the work in factories will be done by robots
C. Most of the work will done in factories by robots
D. Most of the work will do in factories by robots
16. People say he won a lot of money on the lottery.
A. He is said that he won a lot of money on the lottery.
B. He won a lot of money on the lottery, it is said.
C. He is said to have won a lot of money on the lottery.
D. He was said to win a lot of money on the lottery.
17. No one has used the scuba diving equipment this month.
A. The scuba diving equipment has not been used this month
B. The scuba diving equipment has been not used this month
C. The scuba diving equipment have been not used this month
D. The scuba diving equipment has not used this month
IV. MISTAKE CORRECTION
1. People respected him because he was a honest man.
A B C D
2. Today the number of people whom enjoy winter sports is almost double that of twenty years ago
A B C D
3. My uncle has just bought some expensive furnitures for his new house.
A B C D
4. Have you ever read any novels writing by Jack London?
A B C D

5. He studied very hard, so he passed the exam easy.
A B C D
1. After he had returned to his house from work, he was cooking dinner.
A B C D
2. Nam’s parents told him do not waste his time on music and games.
A B C D
3. Dad wanted to know that you had done your homework.
A B C D
4. I spoke my father I had passed the driving test, but he didn’t believe me.
A B C D
5. I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer.
A B C D
6. While I was shopping in the supermarket, I met an old friend who I didn’t meet for five years.
A B C D
7. Neither John nor his family members enjoys their life in the city.
A B C D
8. Who makes the household chores when you are both at work?
A B C D
9. Many people agree that collecting stamps are enjoyable.
A B C D
10. It's three years since they have said goodbye to each other.
A B C D
11. He asked if I will mind waiting for him.
A B C D
12. Tom wants to be a doctor when he will grow up.
A B C D
13. When you return from London, we have finished the project.
A B C D
14. No sooner she had entered the room than she felt the presence of somebody else.
A B C D

15. Have you ask the teacher how to solve this problem?
A B C D
16. My uncle told me leave early on my first day of work.
A B C D
17. It is easier for teachers to sympathize with generational differences from parents.
A B C D
18. All of the homework given by our teachers are useful to every student .
A B C D
19. Each of the members of the group was made to writing a report every week .
A B C D
20. The result of that test must be inform before August.
A B C D
V. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME
1. Lan has learnt English since she_________ a small girl.
A. is B. was
C. has been D. had been
2. Don’t go anywhere until I_________ back.
A. come B. came
C. will come D. am coming
3. Before cars_________ , people_________ horses and bicycles.
A. were discovered/ had used B. discovering/ had used
C. had discovered/ used D. discovered/ had used
4. I am going to speak with the boss when the meeting _______.
A. will end B. ends
C. is ending D. would end
5. When we_________ him tomorrow, We will remind him of that.
A. will see B. see
C. was seeing D. saw.
6. When he comes, I_________ her the news.
A. tell B. will tell

C. would tell D. would have told
7. When the police came, they _________.
A. are fighting B. fought
C. would be fighting D. were fighting
8. Before she came to England, she _________ English.
A. studied B. will study
C. had studied D was studying
9. I have lost touch with him _________ he left for London.
A. as soon as B. after
C. before D. since
10. My mother is washing the dishes _________ my father is watching television.
A. when B. while
C. as D. since
11. _______, I will give him the report.
A. When he will return B. When he returns
C. Until he will return D. No sooner he returns
12. _______ the firemen arrived to help, we had already put out the fire.
A. Until B. No sooner
C. By the time D. After
13. I have earned my own living _______ I was seven.
A. since B. when
C. while D. as soon as
14. We saw many beautiful birds _______ in the lake.
A when we are fishing B. while fishing
C. while fished D. fishing
15. _______, Peter came to see me.
A. While having dinner B. While I was having dinner
C. When having dinner D. When lam having dinner
16. _______ my homework, I went to bed.
A. After I had finished B. After finished

C. Finished D. After had finished
17. _______ the dance, Jerry said good-bye to his girlfriend.
A. Before left B. Before he leaves
C. Before leaving D. Before he will leave
18. Jones _______ after everyone _______.
A. speaks / will eat B. will speak / has eaten
C. is speaking / eats D. has spoken / will have eaten
19. _______, Joe stays in bed and reads magazines.
A. Whenever raining B. As it will be raining
C. When it will rain D. Whenever it rains
20. _______ in Rome than he was kidnapped.
A. No sooner he arrived B. Had he no sooner arrived
C. No sooner had he arrived D. No sooner he had arrived
A. had opened B. will open
VI. ALTHOUGH , DESPITE / IN SPITE OF
CLAUSES PHRASES
A. The same subject: V- ing
eg. Although Tom got up late, he got to school on time.
Despite / in spite of getting up late, Tom got to school on time.
B. Different subjects: noun phrase
Clause Phrase
1. Noun + Be + Adj
the rain is heavy
Adj + Noun
the heavy rain
2. Pronoun + Be + Adj Possessive pronoun + Noun
He was sick his sickness
3. Pronoun + Verb + Adv
He behaved impolitely
Adj + Noun

his impolite behavior
4. There be + Noun
there was an accident
Noun
…….an accident
5. It + Be + Adj ( of weather)
it was rainy
…….the + Noun
……… the rain
6. Noun + Be + PP
television was invented
the + Noun of the + Noun
……. the invention of television
Although
though + clause
even though
Although he’s sick, he goes to work
Despite / In spite of + V-ing / Noun phrase Despite being sick, he goes to work
Despite his sickness, he goes to work
Despite / In spite of the fact that + clause Despite / In spite of the fact that he’s
sick, he goes to work
VII. VOCABULARY
1. He has been very interested in doing research on _______ since he was at high school.
a. biology b. biological c. biologist d. biologically
2. Are you sure that boys are more _______ than girls?
a. act b. active c. action d. activity
3. You are old enough to take _______ for what you have done.
a. responsible b. responsibility c. responsibly d. irresponsible
4. These quick and easy _______ can be effective in the short term, but they have a cost.
a. solve b. solvable c. solutions d. solvability

5. He was looking at his parents _______, waiting for recommendations.
a. obey b. obedience c. obedient d. obediently
6. London is home to people of many _______ cultures.
a. diverse b. diversity c. diversify d. diversification
7. John cannot make a _______ to get married to Mary or stay single until he can afford a
house and a car.
a. decide b. decision c. decisive d. decisively
8. My mother used to be a woman of great _______, but now she gets old and looks pale.
a. beauty b. beautiful c. beautifully d. beautify
9. Although they are twins, they have almost the same appearance but they are seldom in
_______.
a. agree b. agreeable c. agreement d. agreeably
10.The more _______ and positive you look, the better you will feel.
a. confide b. confident c. confidently d. confidence
11.My parents will have celebrated 30 years of _______ by next week.
a. marry b. married c. marriageable d. marriage
12.Children who are isolated and lonely seem to have poor language and ________.
a. communicate b. communication c. communicative d. communicator
13.He is not really friendly and makes no attempt to be _______.
a. society b. social c. socialize d. sociable
14.Despite many recent _______ advances, there are parts where schools are not equipped with
computers.
a. technology b. technological c. technologically d. technologist
15.There is a wide range of _______ in the education system of the USA.
a. select b. selective c. selected d. selection
16.He was the only _______ that was offered the job.
a. apply b. application c. applicant d. applying
17.Many people have objected to the use of animals in _____ experiments.
a. science b. scientist c. scientific d. scientifically
18.A letter of _______ is sometimes really necessary for you in a job interview.

a. recommend b. recommended c. recommender d. recommendation
19._______ is a branch of Natural Science, and is the study of living organisms and how they
interact with their environment.
a. Biology b. Biological c. Biologist d. Biologically
20.A / an _______ species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct.
a. dangerous b. endanger c. endangered d. endangerment
VIII. MODALS
1. You have been reading for four hours. This book ___ be very interesting.
A. can B. might C. must D. should
2. _________ I go out, Miss?
A. May B. Might C. Must D. Could
3. This road is very narrow. It ___to be widened.
A. might B. needs C. mustn
’
t D. may
4. They have plenty of time, so they needn
’
t ___.
A. be hurry B. to hurry C. hurry D. to be hurried
5. You
’
re having a sore throat. You
’
d better___ to the doctor.
A. to go B. went C. go D. going
6. My mother permitted me to go out at night. She said, “You ___ go out tonight.”
A. may B. have to C. must D. ought to
7. He advised me to take an English course. I ___ it early.
A. should have taken B. should take C. will have taken D. may take
8. You ___ ring the bell; I have a key.

A. mustn
’
t B. needn
’
t C. couldn
’
t D. shouldn
’
t
9. It must ___ without delay.
A. be done B. have done C. do D. be doing
10. The line is busy; someone ___ the telephone now.
A. must be using B. must have used C. must use D. must have been using
11. She told me that she
’
d rather ___ on the committee.
A. not to serve B. not serving C. not serve D. serving not
12. “Did Peter go downtown by car or by train?” “He ___by train because his car was in the
mechanics.”
A. must go B. has to go C. had gone D. must have gone
13. “Why are you so mad?” “You ___ me you weren
’
t coming to dinner. I waited for you for two
hours.”
A. should tell B. should have told C. should told D. should had told
14. “Have you seen Kate?” “No, but she ___ be at her desk.”
A. may B. ought C. would D. can
15. “Can I borrow twenty dollars?” “No, you know I ___ lend you money any more.”
A. might not B. shouldn
’

t have C. won
’
t D. not going to
16. I ___ understand this letter. Will you translate it for me?
A. mustn
’
t B. may not C. can
’
t D. shouldn
’
t
17. Daisy
’
s parents don
’
t let her go to late- night disco. She ___ be at home at 9 o
’
clock in the
evening.
A. must B. may C. can D. has to
18. ___ you give me some advice about the language course?
A. Have B. Should C. May D. Could
19. Why didn
’
t you give me a call yesterday? We ___ discuss everything together.
A. can B. may C. must D. could
20. Yesterday I ___ finish the work because I was very tired.
A. could B. can
’
t C. couldn

’
t D. mustn
’
t
21. I would rather ___ poor but happy than become rich without happiness.
A. being B. be C. to be D. was
22. Sit down, please. ___ a cup of tea?
A. Do you like B. Do you like to drink C. Would you like D. Will you like
23. I
’
d rather ___ in the field than ___ home.
A. to work- to stay B. work – stay C. working – staying D.worked- stayed
The Infinitive without to
after auxiliaries/modals
can He can run very fast.
could As a boy he could run very fast.
may I may fly to Africa this summer.
might I might fly to Africa this summer.
must I must go now.
mustn't You mustn't smoke here.
needn't You needn't go.
shall We shall sing a song.
should We should sing a song.
will She will cook a meal for his birthday.
would She would cook a meal for his birthday.
after to do
do I don't know.
after the following expressions:
had better You had better clean up your room.
would rather Susan would rather study for her exam tomorrow.

would sooner I would sooner read a book than watch this film.
why not Why not ask your neighbour for help?
why should we Why should we go by car?
why should we not Why should we not go by car?
after verbs of perception + object (action has finished):
feel She feels the rain fall on her face.
hear I heard Peter sing a song.
notice Mandy noticed the boy climb the tree.
see They saw him climb up the roof.
watch He watched the thieves steal a car.
after let + object:
let
Sandy let her child go out alone.
Mother let her daughter decide on her own.
let's Let's go for a walk through the park.
after make + object:
make She made Peggy and Samantha clean the room.
The Infinitive with to
after:
the first Gagarin was the first to fly in a spaceship.
the last Peter was the last to watch the film.
the next He is the next to get his passport.
after: adjectives
I'm happy to be here.
It's better not to smoke.
after:
certain verbs
(agree, choose,
forget, hope, learn,
promise, regret, want,

…)
I learn to drive a car.
after: question words
I don't know what to say.
Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop?
after: want/would like I want you to help me.
verb + object + to-infinitive I helped my dad to clean the car.
Gerund and Infinitive (no difference in meaning)
We use the Gerund or the Infinitive after the following verbs:
begin
He began talking.
He began to talk.
continue
They continue smoking.
They continue to smoke.
hate
Do you hate working on Saturdays?
Do you hate to work on Saturdays?
like
I like swimming.
I like to swim.
love
She loves painting.
She loves to paint.
prefer
Pat prefers walking home.
Pat prefers to walk home.
start
They start singing.
They start to sing.

We use the Gerund or the Infinitive after the following verbs. There are two possible structures after
these verbs.
Gerund: verb + -ing
Infinitive: verb + person + to-infinitive
advise
They advise walking to town.
They advise us to walk to town.
allow
They do not allow smoking here.
They do not allow us to smoke here.
encourage
They encourage doing the test.
They encourage us to do the test.
permit
They do not permit smoking here.
They do not permit us to smoke here.
We use the following structures with the word recommend:
recommend
They recommend walking to town.
They recommend that we walk to
Gerund and Infinitive - difference in meaning
Some verbs have different meaning. (when used with Gerund or Infinitive)
GERUND INFINITIVE
forget
He'll never forget spending so much
money on his first computer.
Don't forget to spend money on the
tickets.
go on Go on reading the text. Go on to read the text.
mean

You have forgotten your homework
again. That means phoning your
mother.
I meant to phone your mother, but my
mobile didn't work.
remember
I remember switching off the lights
when I went on holiday.
Remember to switch off the lights when
you go on holiday.
stop Stop reading the text. Stop to read the text.
try
Why don't you try running after the
dog?
I tried to run after the dog, but I was too
slow.
We use the Gerund after prepositions.
adjective + preposition
We use the Gerund after the following adjectives:
afraid of They are afraid of losing the match.
angry about/at Pat is angry about walking in the rain.
bad at
good at
John is good at working in the garden.
clever at He is clever at skateboarding.
crazy about The girl is crazy about playing tennis.
disappointed about/at He is disappointed about seeing such a bad report.
excited about We are excited about making our own film.
famous for Sandy is famous for singing songs.
fed up with I'm fed up with being treated as a child.

fond of Hannah is fond of going to parties.
glad about She is glad about getting married again.
happy about/at The children are not happy about seeing a doctor.
interested in Are you interested in writing poems?
keen on Joe is keen on drawing.
proud of She is proud of riding a snowboard.
sick of We're sick of sitting around like this.
sorry about/for He's sorry for eating in the lesson.
tired of I'm tired of waiting for you.
used to She is used to smoking.
worried about I'm worried about making mistakes.
noun + preposition
We use the Gerund after the following nouns:
advantage of What is the advantage of farming over hunting?
chance of There's a chance of catching a cold these days.
choice between There's a choice between flying to London Heathrow or Stansted.
danger of Peggy is in danger of making a mistake.
difficulty in He has difficulty in sending SMS.
doubt about He is in doubt about buying the correct software for his computer system.
hope of There's little hope of catching Schumacher's Ferrari.
idea of I like the idea of setting up a new email account.
interest in There's no interest in writing letters.
method of This is a simple method of finding solutions.
opportunity of There's some opportunity of bringing her parents together again.
possibility of These new wheels offer the possibility of riding tubeless.
problem of He has the problem of swimming too slow.
reason for There's a real reason for winning the contest.
risk of There's a risk of digging too deep.
trouble for He was in trouble for stealing.
way of This is a new way of building a wall.

verb + preposition
We use the Gerund after the following phrases:
accuse of They were accused of breaking into a shop.
agree with I agree with playing darts.
apologize for They apologize for being late.
believe in She doesn't believe in getting lost in the wood.
blame for The reporter is blamed for writing bad stories.
complain about She complains about bullying.
concentrate on Do you concentrate on reading or writing?
congratulate sb. on I wanted to congratulate you on making such a good speech.
cope with He is not sure how to cope with getting older.
decide against They decided against stealing the car.
depend on Success may depend on becoming more patient.
dream about/of Sue dreams of being a pop star.
feel like They feel like going to bed.
get used to You must get used to working long hours.
insist on The girls insisted on going out with Mark.
look forward to I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.
prevent sb. from sth. How can I prevent Kate from working in this shop?
rely on sth. He doesn't rely on winning in the casino.
succeed in How then can I succeed in learning chemistry?
specialize in The firm specialized in designing websites.
stop sb. from I stopped Andrew from smoking.
talk about/of They often talk about travelling to New Zealand.
think of Frank thinks of playing chess.
warn sb. against We warned them against using this computer.
worry about The patient worries about having the check-up.
Gerund after special verbs

We use the Gerund after the following verbs:

admit He admitted having driven too fast.
avoid They avoid going on holiday on Saturdays.
carry on If we carry on sleeping so badly, we may need help.
consider Ralph is considering buying a new house.
delay I delayed telling Max the news.
deny She denies reading the book.
dislike We dislike reading poems.
can't help He couldn't help falling in love with her.
enjoy I enjoy playing chess.
finish They finished working in the garden.
give up Susan gives up playing ice-hockey.
imagine He imagined driving a new car.
include Your responsibility includes taking reservations on the phone.
involve The project will involve growing plants.
justify I cannot justify paying $100 for this ticket.
keep (on) They keep on running.
mention Did Alex ever mention playing baseball?
mind I don't mind sleeping on the couch.
miss They miss playing with their friends.
practise She practised playing hockey.
regret Do you regret having mentioned it?
risk You risk catching a cold.
suggest She suggested flying to Cairo.
Gerund after special phrases
We use the Gerund after the following phrases:
to be busy He is busy reading the paper.
couldn't help She couldn't help eating another apple.
don't mind I don't mind telling them my opinion.
feel like We feel like having a cup of tea.
how about How about walking home instead of taking the car?

it's (no) good It's no good talking to this girl.
it's no use It's no use talking to the headmaster.
spend one's time They spend their time reading.
there's no There's no cheating anymore.
there's no point There's no point in complaining further.
what about What about going to the zoo?
worth The book is worth reading.
We use the Gerund after the following prepositions:
after After having a shower, I waited for Steven.
before The tablet must not be taken before getting up in the morning.
by I manage it by working much longer than 40-hour weeks.
in spite of In spite of studying a lot he didn't pass the exams.
on She insisted on calling her sister.
without He told the joke without laughing
GERUND- TO INFINITIVE - BARE INFINITIVE
1. It’s no use______ over spilt milk.
A. cry B. crying C. to cry D. cried
2. I suggest______ another meeting next week.
A. hold B. to hold C. holding D. held
3. She couldn’t bear ______ tears when she saw the film “ Romeo and Juliet”.
A. shed B. to shed C. shedding D. sheds
4. I really regret ______ your feeling when I asked you such a silly question.
A. hurt B. to hurt C. hurting D. hurts
5. My girl friend is afraid of ______ out alone when it gets dark.
A. goes B. to go C. going D. go
6. Can someone ______ me how ______ into film from the camera’s pictures?
A. show / change B. to show / to change
C. showing / change D. show / to change
7. We won’t let you______ what we are going to do with him.
A. know B. to know C. knowing D. known

8. American women have got used to ______independently recently.
A. live B. to live C. living D. lives
9. They are looking forward to ______ your news.
A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard
10. I am accustomed to ______ on my own.
A. living B. to live C. live D. lives
11. He climbed over the wall without ______ by anybody.
A. seeing B. to see C. being seen D. to be seen
12. I’ll try ______ such a foolish thing again.
A. not to cause B. to not cause C. not causing D. to cause not
13. Have you ever watched people ______ ______ fish?
A. try/ catch B. try/ to catch C. trying/ to catch D. B&C are correct
14. Did you manage ______ ______these parcels alone?
A. finishing/ to pack B. finishing/ packing
C. to finish/ to pack D. to finish/ packing
15. She doesn’t want you ______to her arriving.
A. mention B. to mention C. mentioning D. mentions
16. My parents decided _________ a taxi because it was late.
A. take B. to take C. taking D. took
17. Do you agree _________ me some money?
A. lend B. to lend C. lending D. lent
18. Tom refuses _________ his address.
A. give B. giving C. to give D. gave
19. The passengers asked her how _________ to the police station?
A. to get B. getting C. got D. get
20. Do you plan _________ out or _________ at home at this weekend?
A. go / stay B. to go / stay C. going / stay D. to go / staying
X. COMPARISON CHART
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
One syllable adjective: old, fast,

clean, long
Older, faster, cleaner,
longer
The oldest, the fastest, the
cleanest, the longest
One syllable adjectives ending
in –e: wide, nice
Wider, nicer The widest, the nicest
Two syllable adjectives ending
in –y, -er, -ow ,-le: dirty, simple,
clever, narrow
Dirtier, simpler, cleverer,
narrower
The dirtiest, the simplest, the
cleverest, the narrowest
Other adjectives with two or
more syllables: honest, modern,
comfortable
More honest, more
modern, more comfortable
The most honest, the most
modern, the most comfortable
Irregular adjectives: good, bad,
far, old
Better, worse,
farther/further,
older/elder(only with
family members)
The best, the worst, the
farthest/the furthest, the

oldest/the eldest (only with
family members)
Useful expressions : Before comparatives you can use
Much a lot far (= a lot) a bit a little slightly (= a little)
For example:
• Let’s go by car, it’s much cheaper.(it’s a lot cheaper)
• Don’t go by train, it’s a lot more expensive.( much more expensive)
• Could you speak a bit more slowly?
• Her illness was far more serious than we thought at first.
• This bag is slightly heavier than the other one.
Comparing more than two things:
• the (largest) in the world, in the class, in the group, of all
• the (best) that I have ever eaten/seen/drunk/tried
“DOUBLE” COMPARATIVES: bigger and bigger
We repeat comparatives (… and … ) to say that something is changing continuously, that
something is increasing.
• More and more people travel from England
• It’s becoming harder and harder to find a job
• Your English is improving. It’s getting better and better.
THE …. THE BETTER
Note this construction: the + a comparative+ the better
• The bigger the better, the cheaper the better
When we want to talk about a change in one thing causing a change in another we use the
construction the + a comparative followed by the+ a different comparative
• The sooner we leave the sooner we will arrive
• The younger you are, the easier it is to learn
• The more electricity you use, the higher the bill will be
1. Of the four dresses, which is ……………… expensive?
A. the best B. the most C. the more D. the greater
2. The larger the apartment, the the rent.

A. expensive B. more expensive C. expensively D. most expensive
3. The faster we walk,………… we will get there.
A. the soonest B. the soon C. the more soon D. the sooner
4. “ Why did you buy these oranges? ” “They were ……….… I could find. ”
A. cheapest B. cheapest ones C. the cheapest ones D. the most
cheapest
5. She plays the piano …………… as she sings.
A. as beautifully B. more beautifully C. as beautiful D. the most
beautifully
6. The streets are getting more and …………… these days.
A. crowded B. less crowded C. more crowded D. most crowded
7. The larger the city, …………… the crime rate.
A. highest B. higher C. the highest D. the higher
8. You must explain your problems …………
A. as clear as you can B. as clearly as you can
C. as clear than you are D. as clearly as you are
9. Pil is ……………… person we know.
A. the happier B. the happiest C. happier D. happiest
10. Bill is ………………
A. lazier and lazier B. more and more lazy
C. lazier and more lazy D. more lazy and lazier
11. It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere …………………?
A. noisier B. more quiet C. more noisy D. quieter
12. ……………… the time passes, …………….I feel ! The deadline of my thesis is coming, but I
have just finished half of it.
A. The faster / the nervous B. The more fast / the nervous
C. The fast / the more nervous D. The faster / the more nervous
13. China is the country with………………… population.
A. the larger B. the more large C. the largest D. the most large
14. She sat there quietly, but during all that time she was getting…………….Finally she exploded.

A. more and more angry B. the more angry
C. angrier and angrier D. the most angry
15. Her grandfather’s illness was………………… we thought at first.
A. more seriously as B. as seriously as B. more serious than D. as serious than
16. My brother was feeling tired last night, so he went to bed………… usual.
A. more early than B. as early as C more earlier as D. earlier than
17._______ you study for these exams, _______ you will do.
A. The harder / the better B. The more / the much
C. The hardest / the best D. The more hard / the more good
18. His house is _______ mine.
A. twice as big as B. as twice big as C. as two times big as D. as big as twice
XI. SOME COMMON PHRASAL VERBS ( MỘT SỐ CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG GẶP )
1. catch up / catch up with : bắt kịp , theo kịp .
2. cool off ( nhiệt tình ) nguội lạnh đi , giảm đi .
3. fall behind : thụt lùi , tụt lại đằng sau .
4. fill in : điền vào , ghi vào .
5. get over : vượt qua, khắc phục = recover from
6. get up : thức dậy .
7. give in : nhượng bộ , chịu thua .
8. give up = stop : từ bỏ , bỏ
9. go away : biến mất , tan đi .
10.go in : vào , đi vào .
11.go off ( chuông ) : reo , ( súng , bom ) : nổ = explode , ( sữa ) : chua, hỏng , ( thức ăn ) : ươn,
thối , ( đèn ) tắt , ( máy móc ) : hư
12.go on = continue : tiếp tục
13. go over : xem lại
14.go out ( ánh sáng , lửa , đèn ) : tắt
15.go up : lớn lên , trưởng thành = grow up , ( giá cả) : tăng lên
16.go down : (giá cả) : giảm xuống
17.go after : theo đuổi

18.go by ( thời gian ) : trôi qua
19.hold up = stop =delay : hoãn lại , ngừng
20.hurry up : nhanh lên, gấp
21.keep up with : theo kịp , bắt kịp .
22.lie down : nằm nghỉ
23.look after : chăm sóc
24.look at : nhìn
25.look up : tìm , tra cứu ( trong sách , từ điển )
26.look for : tìm kiếm
27.put on : mặc ( quần áo ) , mang ( giày ) , đội ( mũ) , mở ( đèn )
28.speak up : nói to , nói thẳng
29.take after = resemble : giống
30.take off : cởi ( quần áo , giày , mũ ) ; (máy bay) cất cánh
31.try out : thử
32. try on : mặc thử ( quần áo )
33.turn off : khóa , tắt ( đèn , máy móc , động cơ …)
34.turn on : mở ( đèn , máy móc , động cơ …)
35.turn round : quay lại , thay đổi hướng
36.turn up : đến = arrive = appear ( xuất hiện )
37.wait up ( for ) : thức đợi ai
38.wash up : rửa bát đĩa .
39.watch out : đề phòng , chú ý
1. What may happen if John will not arrive in time?
A go along B . count on C keep away D. turn up
2. Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside.
A. calls on B. keeps off C. takes in D. goes up
3. They decided to postpone their journey till the end of the month because of the epidemic.
A . take up B . turn round C put off D. do with
4. Frankly speaking, your daughter does not take _______ you at all.
A after B. along C. up D. Over

5. She is not really friendly. She does not get on well ____ her classmates.
A from B. with C. for D to
6. I do not use those things any more. You can _______ them away.
A get B. fall C throw D. make
7. They were late for work because their car _______ down.
A got B. put C. cut D. broke
8. The authority _______ down that building to build a supermarket.
A knocked B. came C . went D fell
9. I’m not surprised Margaret's ill. With all the voluntary work she's _ ,she’s really been doing
too much.
A. taken off B. taken on C. taken in D. taken to
10.At present we are __________ an anti-drug campaign.
A. setting up for B. carrying out C. taking part D. joining with
11.At the station, we often see the sigh “________ for pickpockets”.
A. Watch on B. Watch out C. Watch up D. Watch at
12.UNESCO _____ United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
A. stands for B. brings about C. takes after D gets across
13.I was _____ by the traffic this morning. As a result, I was ten minutes late for the press conference.
A. turned down B. held up C. kept pace with D. caught up with
14.Don't forget to ________ your gloves on. It is cold outside.
A let B . make C. put D. fix
15.The passengers had to wait because the plane ______ off one hour late.
A. took B. turned C. cut D. made
16.Be careful ! The tree is going to fall.
A. Look out B Look up C. Look on D Look after
17.The bomb exploded in the garage; fortunately no one hurt.
A put on B. went off C got out D kept up
18.These shoes felt too tight, so I took _____ and tried a larger size.
A. away them B. off them C. them away D. them off
19.My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother.