Hoạt động thanh toán bằng phương thức tín dụng chứng từ tại Sở Giao dịch Ngân hàng TMCP Ngoại thương Việt Nam

LỜI MỞ ĐẦU
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O/H!/-( W,'",.X!#/<"
,!/$0I)#O",>%O'3/E;O!F+,
-/YHoạt động thanh toán bằng phương thức tín dụng chứng từ tại
Sở Giao dịch Ngân hàng TMCP Ngoại thương Việt Nam trong thời gian qua”.
Z/M33J,C%HO[
; \[]33!56789/ <",
; \\[FF3MNO8PQ>5678
9/ <",
; \\\[:^)4KIN,%3_^3MNO
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`,K9/=, )#a%b"F!,V/."G
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9/:;1 <",+)#e8f$F
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3/E
CHƯƠNG I

KHÁI QUÁT VỀ SỞ GIAO DỊCH
NGÂN HÀNG NGOẠI THƯƠNG VIỆT NAM
1. Lịch sử hình thành Sở giao dịch Ngân hàng Ngoại thương Việt Nam

a) Lịch sử hình thành
56789/ ,;U%H <",
./ !#^9/ ,;U%H <",
R<,M'TE5678<,M'0/.$%)4
@did;;Zd/j@@BB!/^)4
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U%H , <",E
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(3%3%9+0<,M'+'8*3.X
!#0%l%E>'/.$%+5678<,M'.k
'm0!Y=nF<,M'E]kh
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.X!#i/^+56782./ *%#"3
 O)3<,M'+H!"o",!/_'
3)=%L,,eG#",^)4"%!PVp'3E
+5678.k./ !8fH/"4
<,M'!,k^!4+=&_,
q
k
3^!4V%'('WE
b) Chức năng và nhiệm vụ

UQ!/^^)4C@d
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d i^!4
d ;!
d <0!"0
d r!P43!/8!Ps
d Z= 
d r!P3J,(34!/3^E
d tl8"!+'_,Ko.c
d ;'I!/H,4 %!/3I(3u'3
d ;3^'3
*+5678'k0%l%,!/.X!#'
8Q'3!/".*9/>'0)#
%l%9/  E
2. Cơ cấu tổ chức của Sở giao dịch Ngân hàng Ngoại Thương Việt Nam
      )4  C@did;;Z  /  CB@@BB  
U73,49/ <",+ IUQ
^568<,M') J)[
C
Nguồn: Phòng Tổ chức Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank
i"73,45678./vgrS %P
3'8(!/12UQ!/12i/OEZ1(
73,4%P3C,='8'3E
568(1278*M/i/^!/312
"%!PVP)6O)4%4k+i/^E]3/
*H1278!/pOI,/38()w0
_.*12"%!P Q_=E
:x1278(B9!*y312"%!PBd
Ez*1234( B8%2[12
3KI'L!/123$%'L-)3%$%./
,^EU)49!*568./CBD+H(F^
>6.*E

3. Tình hình kinh doanh của Sở giao dịch trong thời gian qua
a) Tình hình chung
;3,='8O568<,M'./
^!4+!+!0!"0+34+'84
!/8!PsEFF'8(56780_
"6M=)[
Z=: Kết quả kinh doanh của Sở giao dịch Vietcombank 2006-2008
Đơn vị: tỷ đồng
GIÁM ĐỐC SGD
PHÓ GIÁM ĐỐC PHÓ GIÁM ĐỐC PHÓ GIÁM ĐỐC
CÁC PHÒNG GIAO DỊCH
PHÒNG
THANH
TOÁN
PHÒNG
BẢO
LÃNH
PHÒNG
VAY NỢ
VIỆN TRỢ
PHÒNG KẾ TOÁNCÁC PHÒNG NGHIỆP VỤ
PHÒNG
TÍN DỤNG
PHÒNG
THẺ
PHÒNG
KINH DOANH
NGOẠI HỐI

Q#

;h*
BBA BBD BBj
54 54
W=,
R{T
54
W=,
R{T
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 U j?+j A+ D+ CBBj+BB j+A
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S0$
e
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D+ ?+j C+j jj+D dD+j
Nguồn: Phòng Kế hoạch Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank
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CW,H9!e4^*)4E:V'3+UGW
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I%kE(I568O#,6^'8)
'-UUQ!/^ES0$e!/)56
8W,BBDW)!eW,BBAE*8'='
e*W,BBj+.0$=,D+j{)!eW,BBDE*9
O)#)P=,/./8H39/V%%=I
'('WM4=/O(M^!/W,BBjE
b) Tình hình cụ thể
FF3,='8O56789/

 <",0FM/P_8e9[
- Huy động vốn
Z=: Kết quả huy động vốn của Sở giao dịch Vietcombank 2006-2008
Đơn vị: tỷ đồng
;h* BBA BBD BBj
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|."W6!4^R{T +BB D+B +j
Nguồn: Phòng Kế hoạch Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank
>HW,BBA+k3^!45678
<,M''34EJ!4^>'W,BBD
CjDD?+Cj|J!/W,BBj)4/.*eCC?+|JE!$
CW,+4^W6^!4.k*)4+
,V8p4^(=,)a8FF'MI.0E
- Hoạt động cho vay
Z=C[ Kết quả hoạt động tín dụng của Sở giao dịch 2006-2008
Đơn vị: tỷ đồng
;h* BBA BBD BBj
U80!R|<T AC+D CBC+ DC+j
Tốc độ tăng trưởng dư nợ cho vay (%) 23,18 44,00 31,45
r0!'FR|<T
Cho vay ngắn hạn 1637,48 2480,50 3081,13
Cho vay trung và dài hạn 414,10 610,25 764,58
Cho vay đồng tại trợ 311,99 312,79 628,13
r0!.R|<T
VND 779,03 1149,72 1495,60
USD 1584,54 2253,82 2978,24
Nguồn: Phòng Kế hoạch Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank
i^!568<,M'4!e'3/
.kW6CW,E4^W80.kW6*

B{+VM"W,BBD{E:V8pW,BBj(=,)a!f6
,QE I0+!u,| @CE(
I3'=0(_=,M=0O'=56
A
8'HEr0!}5rCW,I%
.H80!<E
- Vay nợ viện trợ
Z=[ Kết quả hoạt động vay nợ viện trợ của Sở giao dịch 2006-2008
Đơn vị: tỷ đồng
;h* BBA BBD BBj
U',R|JT B+?? +j B+?
W6R{T { ~?{ d+?{
Nguồn: Phòng Kế hoạch Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank
W,  BBD+    ^  ,=  !  0  !"  0    56    8
<,M'MJ,^$!"0+#"=9J!4
!"0•r€G3'=H•r\>e/!/^
!4!e3_9e/EU',+j|J!/,Q
W6./?{)!eW,BBAE9./W,,/568K0
!!43H‚^!/0./,9/8!P
8#3,eE*W,BBj+8)4$!"0!/a!4=9
3'=!"0;O%568=,,8!"a!4=
9J!"0•r€$,!/"38#3!"0'k/.
0#%K43% *3//0#%=.c
!4!/=9% ,/'kk9/%P!P&E
<F+',!0!"0hB+?|J+=,+?{)!eW,
BBDE
- Thanh toán quốc tế
Z=[ Kết quả thanh toán quốc tế của Sở giao dịch 2006-2008
Đơn vị: Tỷ đồng
;h* BBA BBD BBj

r)4 W6 r)4 W6 r)4 W6
D
R{T R{T
3
KI'L
Dj+A A+D ?+D A+B Aj+j CD+A
3
$%'L
CCDA+j +D CA+?A j+ C?j+AD ?+
Nguồn: Phòng Kế hoạch Sở giao dịkch Vietcombank
i^34%3_'3CW,EF!/
M=I+8)43$%'L.k 8)43
KI'LE5#*."/%=3F$%)*e
>E*+4^W68)4M^%$3
KI'L 3$%'LI+.k6,Q)4E
(I)#=" I3KI'L)!e$%'LE
d Các mảng khác:
i^M= 568<,M'.kM==,
/!/'k%3)3'=03EZ= e,
jD+C{8)4%3/M= 568!/M= e/
,+DD{!/./M= * )6M= 4QE548M=
568eC+j|<+//B{'E
r!P43W,BBDW3'_)!eW,BBAES0'
4_!!e8)4='4'=CB"}5r!/W
{!e'=CBBBB8EVM"W,BBj+U)4"M3
%P!P$%'LKW8H./CAB+Dj"}5r!/&_,'(
'W!J"+568G-x0M3",^)4
'3/33<,M''3*pM/E
r!Ps568G*/
%3_E54.0s€:%3/!/8)4^s€:

W,BBDW,+ Q./+D{!/+j{8( =
j
. /'=>W,BBjEW,BBj+FF'8sG
%3_'3UE
CHƯƠNG II
TÌNH HÌNH THANH TOÁN BẰNG TÍN DỤNG CHỨNG TỪ TẠI SỞ
GIAO DỊCH NGÂN HÀNG NGOẠI THƯƠNG VIỆT NAM
1. Tinh hình thanh toán hàng xuất khẩu bằng tín dụng chứng từ
a. Quy trình thanh toán hàng xuất khẩu bằng tín dụng chứng từ
"%!P/568<,M'#"QW
./9/kM3/M^"%!P8%23KI=,$
0/,=
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dkM3S@;+kM3)oS@;
d%$+'_,+oQ>!/2
;(_'33"%!P3S@;/KI) J8e9
RT
RCTRT
RATRCT
RTRATRT

RT
* $!/kM3S@;+kM3)oS@;
(1)S@;)',60_)9/kM3+M^%$Q>
./,",!P%$!/'_,K3$,-!/&'caE
0%S@;(K3$,-,fV&'c+3
!*%=kM39/,6S@;ME
5''_,K3$,-,f&'ca+3!*.$%
kM3,f"V,fo'3/E
(2)5''_,3!*/.$%J) !/!/)U

3+)4."!/,3!O!/okM3'3/E9/
$0S@;/FM3MN!WM=+=,M=O9
#M/!"K3M3/E
(3)0%$0"39/.cƒ3
Ho)+,^9(^8 #+*kM3o'3
/%=ƒYkM3) M^+(".#/n'$0
M=S@;V)oU+3!*%='_,K3$,-+,f
"V,f&'c6*E
B
Nhà xuất
khẩu
Bộ phận nhận
chứng từ
Phụ trách
thanh toán
Ngân hàng
nước ngoài
Trưởng phòng
kiểm soát
(4)0%5678<,M'$kM3)oUS@;'
$0)oUS@;9/,6S@;*HkM3.c'
'3/!!")oU(+'$0=.%=kM3
9/,6S@;ME568<,M')w'kkM3)o
US@;('k%=9/kM34+JkM3
9/,6S@;!!"'kkM3(E
0%9/,6*H568<,M'K3
$S@;+„>0%73,43K,Kl!"K3$
V'kK3$+*H9/,6S@;'c…V'k'c…E
(5)5''_,Q>+M^Q>0o2(
0%K=[

Trường hợp 1:Nếu chứng từ phù hợp với L/C:
S@;(_%l%2MN"V2MNE2
MN%=,f2MN"%=)o8P3,f"
O0%!/^8%=H,f2MNE4!e
S@;%l%2MN"3#".HE
Trường hợp 2: Chứng từ không phù hợp với L/C
4!e3Q>))('k*,(_)oU0
FM3 !KI'LM_)o&E
4!e&Q>))(,/'3/'k_)o&
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'I'k!03?B{3Q>E4!e3M^Q>'I
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'k$0kM3=e/+9/0#^
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Z=A[ Kết quả hoạt động thanh toán xuất khẩu của Sở giao dịch Vietcombank
giai đoạn 2006-2008
Đơn vi: trUSD

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Doanh số 212,77 29,54 289,67 36,14 438,88 51,51
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Số món 2963 -5,52 2627 -11,34 2146 -18,31
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Số món 72 2,86 65 -9,72 47 -27,69
Doanh số 7,53 9,29 7,74 2,79 6,84 -11,63
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S@;
Số món 2599 -6,24 2341 -9,93 1876 -19,86
Doanh số 271,89 13,42 318,34 17,08 425,38 33,62

Nguồn: Báo cáo Tổng hợp Phòng Thanh toán Xuất khẩu Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank
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:^_,3.c&./6,PkM3S@;+KIFQ>+
!/3S@;+4^W6 m)!eW,BBDMII%
'V%'('WESc=/./8''Q
#F'3/G343h$!/&
9/.e(OG'",.9W,.X!#
3E;O!F,/9/ (!/568(
I0'3/6E

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.KeW!/h,QA+j"}5r  =,
+AC{)!eW,BBDE*9./8,^)4'3/K*
'I%2KI_!3!/'I6<,M'
3ZF+,^)4'38=,8)4KI'L*=,856
8E
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Q>!/3S@;'k*."!)4,(G
!8)4E*,='IQ>2'3)!eC
,=2.E
2. Tình hình thanh toán hàng nhập khẩu bằng tín dụng chứng từ
a. Quy trình thanh toán hàng nhập khẩu bằng tín dụng chứng từ
"%!P/<,M'#"QW./9/,6
S@;+Q,'=/$%'Le/E9./"%!P
,LI=!"/O!/8g./, U
O9/EF"%!P3/$%'L0
./,,=[

d :6+hS@;!/'c…
d %$+'_,Q>+Q>!/=E
Quy trình này được khái quát hoá theo sơ đồ dưới đây:
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* Mở, điều chỉnh L/C và ký quỹ
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]_,J!4R!4!+!4#(T!/'=W3'3

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,!/=.MN!WM=E,*H|
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A
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* Tiếp nhận, kiểm tra chứng từ, giao chứng từ, trả tiền.
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;(0%K=[
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$3VhI%$3,^%HF%=kM3
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D
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Z=D[ Kết quả hoạt động thanh toán xuất khẩu Sở giao dịch Vietcombank
giai đoạn 2006-2008
Đơn vi: món, trUSD,%
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Doanh số 2365,7 7,3 2576,53 8,9 2474,51 -3,95
Z= 
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Số món 946 -17,4 853 -9,83 792 -7,15
Doanh số 1011,14 10,1 1075,43 6,36 1510,16 40,42
Nguồn: Báo cáo Tổng hợp Phòng Thanh toán Nhập khẩu Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank
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KI*H$%'L=,,E<F)4,(!/8)46,=
/=,)!eW,BBDE54,(W,BBj=,D,( Q
?+{!/8)4=,B+B"}5r QC+?{)!eW,BBDE
‡,=M= $/+F)4,(M= (Ke
=,+!e4^//$,CW,E(,^
_,3.c./)4,(=,V8)4M= .W+
VM"./!/W,BBj.*eB+A"}5rWB{)!eW,
BBDE(I3M= $/,x,(W.*EW,
BBj+8FF''('W+38"%!4H,
*(Ke9/.e(O_M= $/E
;O(-./,8)4M= W,BBj.W^M
E
Z=j[Cơ cấu L/C phát hành tại Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank theo giá trị
54Q# 3S@; 54,( |R{T
?
 ‰BB"}5r  +?
 BB‰Š‹‹E‰|}5r DB C+
C ŒŠ|}5r j +D
Nguồn: Báo cáo Tổng hợp Phòng Thanh toán Nhập khẩu Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank
>M=*I|)4S@;(3†8eBB"}5r
./I+, ,^o)4,(S@;%3/M6568
<,M'E54.0S@;(3 |}5r,'3O+h 
+D{E/./8#$%'L6eE;3'3/%Hk
./&8"%!>!/†*H!/'=W$%'L/
((3'kE
3. Đánh giá hoạt động thanh toán quốc tế bằng phương thức tín
dụng chứng tại Sở Giao dịch Ngân hàng Ngoại thương Việt Nam
a) Thành công

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E
dr)434MN% QO8PQ>
'k>W.*3W,!e,QWMF./!/'=
{@W,,.J.0$I.e5678!/(_"
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.08 )6!$I123//0"(_
Mu'%!eKEi"45678///
"4))(!/%3)!/94^3E
k'3/0M=,$ +/ E
dF^3M^+9!*1234//0
9E
B
Z=?: Cơ cấu lao động theo trình độ
F^ 54 |."R{T
5 A 
  j+
;m  C+?
U CBD BB
Nguồn: Phòng Tổ chức Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank
iH3M^9!*R ?{T1234(
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>N,=,_&3/)+
V.>=+‹E

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~;k ,]…$!/H1``;
~;kii:<rH'O%Ei;:R51T
~U;kU%Hr!P]…$rH'O
~U;k]!/r!P]rH'O
Z*3'3/4!/.9W,+5678G
-,6^,4"0%3!e'3/,e+,WE:V
'3+5678'kh,6^"!e343e,/
2,6^!e343e/3"%0%3!e9
/i5Z;€!/5,,$E3,4"(+56

78(!2./9/kM3Q+V./9/K3
$Q=,M=.0O=/KI'L!//$%'L+8#
O./,W.98/!e343E
di^34G(%%HaL3^
'3'8"+/0KI$%'L+_%3_E
b) Tồn tại
Z*&/k.e(+!>+56
8<,M'GM^.^,^)4JH)e,0=)[
di^3KI'L!/$%'LMNS@;567
8<,M'2*."3.eE%9O6%H*+
a8g8/$N+8)43$%'L.e I
)!e8)43KI'LE/,^%H8,^)4
'3/3/$%'L5678<,M'
.3KI'L3'3V9/'3'56
8V%'('W!"94J"3E

dP32,/+,VO/OE
/8f!"Ko.c382I$,E9./,^
#8gH39/<",E(./.c8)
3'3/F,39/.*89/e/
_8!F39//+P8(+".0+
OK3E
d:Q%O[
Z=?[Biểu phí một số dịch vụ của Sở Giao dịch Vietcombank
so với các ngân hàng khác
Q# r!P 5678
<,M'
9/
5,M'
9/<"
,OX
 13/S@;) M^ B}5r B}5r B}5r
 kM3O
8P
Bd}5r d}5r Bd}5r
C kM3)o4 B}5r }5r }5r

O8P

:V8p,Q%O%3/S@;568<,M'I% 
)!e39/;U%H ,'3RB+B{3S@;)!e,V
MN./B+BD{3S@;T,Q%O38!P8'3.*
S@;. E/./,=,'=W567
8E
d;k3,'56782'l,"=EW,
BBj+)#'"kKI$%'L;.,K_)36

3'3-'8KI'L5678M)P=,
I.eE/2†568H(&.0,'P
_N,F,',&'3/,e+,6^40'3/./
3k9E
C
CHƯƠNG III
MỘT SỐ ĐỀ XUẤT NÂNG CAO HIỆU QUẢ THANH TOÁN
BẰNG TÍN DỤNG CHỨNG TỪ
TẠI SỞ GIAO DỊCH NGÂN HÀNG NGOẠI THƯƠNG VIỆT NAM
1. Cơ hội và thách thức
a) Cơ hội
dH34WE<".MkM3/
(&38"%<",!/38"%e/
//8g)k^,,w+VM"./>'<",6/
/!*OQUQ ,eRŽ•TW,BBA+
p!e3^'4'3E/+k^;k
"%(!/i"(,/e/G'H
$%'L_K98#Ie//.e+'(W.#)=KI
KI'L38"%/,^W.*E!$+.X!#
34I(,W%3_eE
d/$%39/L4+"M^$%3};1./J
.$3%8P%UM% Q3MNO8PQ>EZ^
$%3///0/h !/.*P0$%$)oU
%p0%!e#g'"^3/
,^/"+30&))(9"'3/E
b) Thách thức
d ;'4."!e9/e!/9/e/E
e9+h(9/ ,e0%l%^
.X!#34E*"+39/;U%H
 ,0%l%'8.X!#/E;39/;U

%H ,,e!/,k†'3W^!/)3
'8E:V'3+>W,BB?+<",-,6o//
8!P+((/9/E;O!F
-KI"39/BB{!4e/+(%='_
3//O9/('",.X
!#349/i5Z;+€•+588;8+

5‹!$+5678<,M'%=4,V!e)#
u>%O39/^!/39/e/
d  ;^'=/OW,BBj+/9/.//
%==6#%E;343+"49/.c
<,M'*eH !/F'('WE:V'3+=
6.†^'=G=6I.e3/
''3+9'kO'('W38"%KI$%'LE
U',KI$%'L/3=ecHW,
D+CC|}5r+=,+{)!ep'„W,eE(+KI'L./
D+A|}5r+=,B+{!/$%'L./?+DC|}5r+=,C+{E
!$+H34(!/3MNS@;(*
G!F,/=,)aE
2. Một số đề xuất nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả hoạt động thanh toán bằng tín
dụng chứng từ tại Sở giao dịch Ngân hàng Ngoại Thương Việt Nam
_%3_^3MN% QO8PQ
>H,!e!!/,W5678<,M'+39
,KI,^)4')[
Thứ nhất: SGD nên tiếp tục tháo gỡ các khó khăn, vướng mắc hiện đang
gặp phải theo hướng tăng tính chủ động, linh hoạt cho bản thân mình.
7=%3%[
dt98#3*L+ )6!/3WQ M=4!e;3.C
#""%!P#%Et3M† 3F!/P56
OI%%l%!>,O+/O+!> )6y

d/,%3!e,^)4e/'3!"%!PKI'L",V+
(MU)*,,^)4."'3989"+]O%S/+
z.;,%E
dix033!"_'3M*e!e
S/!/4+VM"!IP+I%l%E
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