Thái Nguyên thực hiện công cuộc xóa đói, giảm nghèo, giai đoạn 2001 -2010.

THKCTliN-KINHNGHltM
THAI NGUYEN THI/C
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CONG CUdCX6A0dl
GIAM
NGHEO,
GIAI DOAN 2001
2010
Xda Sdi
giim
nghio (XDCN) limit
chi
trUtmg
lin,
quan trgng
vi
xuyin
suit
cua Dingvi
NH
nuic
ta trong
thii ky Sil mil; tri thinh nhiim
vu trgng
tim Sit
ra cho
tit ci cic
tlnh,
thinh pho.
Thil Nguyin
li mit

trong nhiing tlnh
nim
trong vung trung du
vi
mien nui
Bic Bi Si
eo nhiiu
sing tgo trong
viic thue hiin
cing
cugcXDQN,
vi Si Sgt Suae
mit so
kit qui buic Sau.
ThS HOANG TH|
M*
HANH
Thr&ng
Dgi
hgc Suphgm Thdi Nguyin
I.MdtsikAquibirAcdJu
Vdi vi tri
Id himg
tdm ehinh
frj,
kinh tl cfla
khu Vigt Bdc tiudc ddy, ciia vimg tiling du
vd miln nui Bde Bfl ngdy
nay.
Thai Nguygn

cd lpi the quan
frpng
ttong
phdt trign kinh tl,
van hod, trao doi hang hda giua viing trang
du mign nui vdi vflng ddng bdng
Bdc
Bp,
md
rpng thj tiirdng ttong vd ngodi nude. Nhimg
dieu kien dd tao cho Thai Nguyen cd nhieu
tigm ndng dg phdt ttien kinh tg, ddy mgnh
cdng cupc xod ddi gidm ngheo (XDGN), cdi
thign vd ndng cao ddi sflng nhdn ddn, thye
hign myc tigu phat trien nhanh vd bgn
vung.
Trong thdi ky dfli mdi, quan diem xuygn
sudt eua Ddng
Id
gan tang tradng kinh tg vdi
quan tdm gidi quygt ede vdn dg xd hpi ngay
ttong timg budc phat triln. Cung vdi qua
trinh ddi mdi, tang hirdng kinh tl, phdi quan
tam tdi cdng tde XDGN, thye hien cflng
bdng xa hpi. XDGN dupc xdc djnh
Id
mflt
ttong nhflng chuong trinh
quic
gia.

Thye hign cac nghj quylt cua Dang, cip
uy, chmh quyln eae dja
phuang,
ttong dd cd
tinh Thai Nguygn da day mgnh
thye
hien
Chuong trinh XDGN thong qua nhung bign
phdp cy the, sdt vdi tinh hlnh dja phuong,
xod hp ddi, gidm mgnh hfl nghdo, tilp tyc
tdng tong ngufln
vin
XDGN, md rpng cdc
hinh thire ho ttp giup ngudi nghdo sdn xudt
kinh doanh.
Qudn
tti^t
nghj quylt cfla Ddng
vg
XDGN,
Dgi hfli dgi bilu Ddng bp tinh Thai Nguygn
lin tiifl XVI (thdng
1-2001),
ttong djnh
hudng phdt trien kinh tg - xd hfli giai dogn
2001 -2010
da chi ttuong:
Tiip tifc thfic Uin
chuong trinh xda
ddi

gidm
ngheo.
Ldng
ghep
cd hiiu qud cdc
chtrang trinh muc
tiiu
cho
nguai
ngheo,
hgp nhdt Chtrang trinh 135 vdi
cdc ehuang trinh khdc vdo ehuang trinhphdt
trien
kinh
ti - xd hgi
&
18 xd dgc biit
kho
khdn.
Ben cgnh viec tdng cu&ng
x^dtrng
kit
cdu hg tdng cho cdc xd
ngheo,
cdn
coi
trgng
cdng tdc ddo tgo cdn bg, tgo diiu kiin
cho
ddn

cu
cdc
xd
ngheo
phdt triin
ngdnh
nghe,
phdt triin
sdn
xudt,
ndng cao thu
nhgp.
Tir ndm 2001 din
2010,
dudi sy ldnh
(^
cua Tinh fly, sy quan tdm chi dgo cua Uy
ban nhdn dan tinh trong
thye
hign cac
ehuang trinh, myc tigu vl XDGN, chuong
hinh XDGN frgn dja bdn tinh da dien
la
86
TAPCHiL!CHSlifoiNG11-2012
dung tign dfl, c6 nhung nam hodn thdnh
vupt kg
hogeh
de ra.
Kit

qua XDGN
ciia
tinh Thdi Nguyen
giai dogn
2001-2005
rit ddng khich lg,
tie
dfl gidm ty lg hfl ngheo eua tinh binh qudn
hdng nam Id
17,15%.
NIU
nhu nam
2001
Id
14,91%
thi ndm 2005 gidm
xuIng
cdn
4,68%
(theo chuan cii), sd hp thodt ngheo
tang dang ke.
Tuy nhign, qua sd hgu digu tra, cdn phdn
ldn sd hfl cd mue sdng cgn ngheo, ngn mdi
khi digu ehinh ehudn ngheo thi sd hfl ngheo
tdng len nhanh chdng. Ngu nam 2005 sd hfl
ngheo
dupe
tinh
theo chudn mdi' (theo quyet
djnh sfl

170/2005/QD-TTg,
ngay
8-7-2005
cua Thfl tudng Chinh phfl ve viec ban hdnh
chudn ngheo dp dyng cho giai dogn 2006-
2012)
Id
62.227 hp, tiic
Id
26,85%,
thi tiieo
chudn mdi, ba nam tigp theo cua giai doan
2006-2010 ty lg hp ngheo
hrcmg iing Id
23,74;
20,69; 17,74. Ty lg hp ngheo vdn cd
xu hudng gidm vd giam deu qua cac nam.
Ndm 2006 gidm
3,11%
so vdi ndm 2005;
nam
2007
gidm
3,05% so
vdi nam
2006;
nam
2008 giam 2,95% so vdi nam 2007; nam
2009 Id
13,99%

va ndm 2010
Id
10,80%.
Tuy
vdy, flieo Quylt djnh sd
09/2011/QD-TTg,
ngdy30-I-201I eua
Thu tudng Chinh
phfl
vl
vigc
ban
hdnh chudn hfl
ngheo,
hfl cdn ngheo
dp
dung
cho
giai dogn
2011
-
2015\
till so ho
ngheo lgi tdng len 20,57%.
Sfl hp thodt ngheo tdng ddn theo thdi
gian: nam
2005
Id
9.776
hfl tdng

Ign
15.214
hp vdo
nam 2010; sfl hp ngheo gidm ddn tir
68.227 hp (nam 2005) xuflng 30.779 hfl
(nam
2010).
Dilu do chiing td eflng tdc xda
ddi gidm ngheo d Thdi Nguyen di dilng
hudng vd cd hieu qud. Nhung, nlu xet ttgn
ty
Ig
sfl hfl thodt ngheo thi
kit
qua cdn chua
hrcmg
xiing vdi sy quan tdm ddu tu cua
Dang
bp,
chinh quyen vd cflng dflng dfli vdi
cdng tdc nay.
Theo udc tinh cda Cyc Thing kg Thai
Nguyen,
tie
dfl giam ngheo cua nflng thfln
chi bdng 0,97 ldn so vdi thdnh thj. Tuc la
eii
100
ngudi thodt ngheo d thdnh thi thi d ndng
thdn chi cd 97 ngudi. Vi the, ty lg hp ngheo

d ndng thon ngdy cdng tdng, tfl
90,5%
(nam
2001) ldn 90,77 (nam 2005);
91,13%
(ndm
2008).
Ddng ehu
y,
ty
lg hp
ngheo tang ttong
nhiing ndm gdn ddy do tdc dflng tieu cue cfla
suy thodi kinh te todn cdu; nhigu khu cflng
nghigp boat dflng khflng higu
qua,
ngn khdng
thu hflt them lao dpng dl giai quylt nhu cdu
vige lam, nhilu doanh nghigp phd sdn; lam
phdt eao, khiln cho ddi
sing
nhan ddn,
nhdt la ngudi ngheo cang khd khan hon,
nguy ca
tdi
ngheo tang len.
Thai Nguyen
Id
tmh cd 8 ddn tpc anh em
sinh

sing,
kl vai vd sat canh ttong qua trinh
xdy
dyng vd phdt
ttien.
Tiong
nhilu
nam
qua.
Dang vd Chinh phfl cung nhu Dang bp tmh
Thdi Nguyen da quan tam ldnh dgo, chi dao
diu tu
vd hfl
ttp
tich
eye cho ddng
bao
dan tpc
tiiilu sl (DTTS) frong hogt dpng sdn xuit
kinh doanh,
thye
hign cdc chuong
ttinh,
myc
tigu
XDGN.
Ddi
sing
cfla dai da sfl ting ldp
ddn cu dupc eai thien va nang

cao
mflt budc,
nhung vdn cdn mflt
bfl
phdn dflng bdo DTTS
ddi sflng gap rit nhilu khd khan. Hp ngheo
DTTS
tang qua
eac nam, tir 30,2%
nam
2001
len
35,35%
nam
2008.
Cd
nhilu
nguygn nhan
efla tinh ttang ndy, nhung nguyen nhau quan
ttong
Id do
da
sl ding
bdo
DTTS sing
d
vung
sdu, vflng xa, bj chia cdt vl mat dja ly, giao
luu
kinh

tl, van hda bj hgn chl,
thilu dilu
kign
phdt ttiln vl hg ting ea sd va djch vu xa hpi
CO
bdn.
Toe
dfl gidm ngheo cua dflng bdo
DTTS chdm
hom
ngudi Kinh
vd
khoang
each
ngheo cd sy chenh
Igch
dang ke.
87
THUCTliN-KINHNGHlEM
Thdi Nguyen Id tinh cd dja hinh phflc tgp.
Can eu vao dgc diem dja ly, vdn hod, ddn cu,
Uy ban nhdn ddn tinh da phdn dia bdn tinh
tiianh
3
vflng: Vflng trang du - phia Nam tinh
(gim:
thdnh pho Thdi Nguyen, huygn Phd
Ygn, thj xd Sdng Cdng, huygn Phu Binh);
Vflng nfli eao - phia Dong Bdc tinh (huygn
Vo Nhai vd Dflng Hy); Vflng nfli - phia Bdc

tinh (gdm: huypn Djnh Hda,
huy$n
Phfl
Luang, huygn Dgi Tir). Vigc phdn chia nhu
vgy nhdm tgo digu kign thugn lpi cho ddnh
gid tinh hinh vd kigm tta, gidm sdt qua trinh
phdt hign kinh tl-xd hfli theo
tung
vflng. (!)
mfli vung, can cfl ddc dilm vdn hda - xd hfli
vd ttinh dfl phdt ttign kinh te khdc nhau, vg
so lupng va
dae
diem cua ngudi nghgo d moi
vflng, de xdy dyng vd
thye
thi chinh sdch phu
hpp cho mdi vimg, nhanh chdng gidm ty lg
ngheo
ttgn
todn
tinh,
gdp phdn tbyc hign myc
tigu ehucmg trinh gidm ngheo quoc gia.
Mac dii so bp ngheo ed khac nhau va tdc
dp gidm ngheo khflng giflng nhau, nhung xu
hudng chung
Id
sd hfl ngheo gidm qua cac
ndm. Ndm 2005 sfl hfl ngheo d phia Nam la

24.371 hfl gidm xuflng cdn 9.913 hfl nam
2010;
raang img d phia Bic
Id
29.592 hfl
gidm xuing 14.305 hfl; d phia Ddng Bdc
Id
7.237
gidm xuflng cdn 6.561 hp.
Quan triet cdc quan
diem
cfla Dang vd
Nhd nudc vg XDGN, bdo ddm an sinh xa
hdi,
thye
hign myc tigu phdt trign nhanh vd
bin
virng,
frong
giai dogn 2001-2010, Ddng
bp tinh Thdi Nguyen da ldnh dao thye hign
cd higu qud chuong trinh XDGN vd ehinh
sdch an sinh xa hfli eho ngudi ngheo trgn dja
bdn tinh. Nhiing ket qua dat dupc ddng
khich
lg trong cdng tdc
ndy da gdp phdn quan
frpng vdo nhirng thdnh tuu md Thdi Nguygn
dgt dupc, cd vl kinh tl, vdn hda - xa hfli.
Tinh

din
ngdy
31-12-2010,
ty le hp ngheo
gidm tfl 26,85% nam 2005 xuong cdn
10,80%
ndm
2010,
gidm
16,05%,
tirong
ung
37.448 hp thodt nghdo.
Bfl mdt nflng thfln ndi chung vd cde xa
nghdo, xd ddc bipt khd khdn da cd sy thay
doi ddng kl, nhit
Id
vl hg ting co sd
vd
phdt
trien sdn xuat; ddi song cua dgi da so ngudi
ddn dupc ndng eao, ddc bigt la nhdm hp
nghdo
ding
bdo DTTS. Khdng chi tang ve
thu nhgp, ddi song dupc cdi thign, ngudi
nghdo DTTS edn dupc quan tdm hon frong
chdm sdc sire khde, di Igi, hpe hdnh,
Din
nay, co sd hg ting ky thudt efla cde xd dac

bigt khd khdn ca bdn dupe edi thign rd rgt:
100%
xd cd tradng tigu hpe vd tram y te;
100%
xd cd dudng d td den trang tdm xd;
100%i
xd ed dign sinh hogt vdi 95% sl hp
dflng dign;
75%
hfl dflng nudc
sgeh
Dfli vdi cdc vflng ddc bigt khd khdn, vflng
ding
bao DTTS, Ddng bfl, chinh quyln tinh
Thai Nguygn da
thye
hign cd
kit
qud nhung
chinh sdch uu tign cua Chinh phfl thdng qua
trien khai cdc ehuang trinh, dy dn, nhu:
Chuong tiinh 135,
134,
tiijr
gid,
tnj
cudc
vd
nhieu chinh sdch uu ddi khdc Nhd dd,
ngudi ngheo, ddng bdo DTTS da dupc

hudng dyng
cdc
thdnh qud cua qud trinh
phat
trign kinh tl, thu hpp khodng
each
giiia cdc
vimg. Chuong trinh gidm ngheo
h-gn
dia
ban
tinh dd thu hflt dupc sy tham gia ddng ddo
cua cac ting Idp nhdn
ddn.
Phong
trdo
"Ngdy
vi ngudi ngheo" dd nhdn dupc sy quan tdm
vd giup dd cua nhilu cd nhdn, eflng dflng,
doanh nghigp, cdc td chirc xd hfli vd nhilu
td
chuc
quic
tg. Ngodi nguin lyc hfl ttp hi
Trang uang vd ngufln ngdn sdch dja phuong,
Ddng bp tinh coi trpng vipe huy dflng sy
ddng gdp cua cpng dflng ttong trien khai
cac
dy an eua ehuang trinh
XDGN.

Ben
cgnh ho
ttp bing tiln, phdi ke
din
sy ddng gdp bang
TAP CHi LICH sut DANG11-2012
ngdy cdng lao dpng
ciia
ngudi ddn d nhiing
nai ed dy dn.
Tinh tfl nam 2000
din
ndm 2010, Quy
Fi
nguai
ngheo
todn tinh dd thu dupc ttgn 33,5
ty dflng. Thdng qua ngufln quy nay, da cd
tren
5.000
hfl ngheo tgi 9 huygn, thdnh phfl,
thj xa
ciia
tinh dupc hfl ttp tign lam nhd mdi.
Bgn cgnh dd, Quy cdn hfl ttp thdm hdi, ttp
cip cdc hp ngheo ttong cdc djp le, tgt, hogn
nan, ho ttp khdm chfla bgnh, mua edy, eon
giing giflp hp ngheo
fln
djnh cuflc song.

Cdc chinh sdch, dy dn, hogt dflng eua
chuong ttinh XDGN dupc ttien khai thye
hign, di vdo cuflc sflng cfla nhdn ddn, md ra
hang ngdn
co
hfli cho ngudi ngheo dupc tiep
can cdc dich vy xa hpi, timg bude cai thign
ddi
sing
vdt chat,
tuih
thin, gdp phdn phat
ttign kinh tg - xd hfli ciia dja phuong.
hign cd higu qua myc
tigu
chuomg trinh quflc
gia vg XDGN. Chuong trinh da di vdo cuflc
sflng va huy dflng dupc su:c manh cfla ca hg
thflng chinh ttj, tgo sy ddng thudn cua cac
cap,
cac ngdnh, tfl chue doan
the,
to chflc xd
hfli,
ede doanh nghigp, co sd sdn xuat kinh
doanh, sy tham gia cua cac tang ldp ddn cu
vd cfla ehinh ngudi nghgo, hfl ngheo.
Chuong trinh ciing thu hut sy hudng
iing,
ehia se vd ung hfl tieh cue eua nhieu td chflc

quoc tl. Nhflng
kit
qud dat dupc trong cdng
cupc XDGN da gdp phdn ndng cao ddi sdng
vdt
chdt,
tinh than cho ngudi ngheo
tinh Thdi
Nguyen, gdp phdn
vdo
nhirng thanh tyu phdt
trign kmh tl, van hod,
ddm bao
ttdt
hi
an todn
xd hpi va an ninh qude phdng
ttgn
dja bdn
•
2.
Mot so han
die,
bat cap
Bgn canh
nhirng ket
qud dgt
dupe,
cdng tdc
XDGN ttgn dja bdn tinh van cdn nhigu khd

khan, bit
cap.
Tflc dfl gidm ngheo chdm lgi,
nguygn nhdn ca bdn
Id
cdc gidi phdp edn
thilu tinh
ding
bfl, bign phdp diu tu, hfl ttp
ehua cu thg, mdi
chii
frpng
din
hfl frp ttuc
tilp vdt ehit cho ngudi ngheo ma chua chu
dpng ngdn ngira nhung nguy co din tdi ddi
ngheo vd thodt ngheo thigu bgn virng; sd hp
can ngheo cao; ngudn lyc huy dflng cho
chuong trinh ban hep, sy tham gia cfla cflng
ding,
doanh nghigp vd todn xd hfli chua
tuong ximg vdi tigm ndng cfla dja phuang,
nen chua dap img diy du nhu eau cfla ngudi
ngheo vd
cdc
xd ngheo
dg tgo
ra
ca
hfli thuan

lpi cho hp vuan
Ign
ttong cupc sflng
XDGN
Id
mot chu traong, chmh sdeh xa
hpi ldn cua Dang, Nhd nudc ta. Trong qua
trinh tbyc hign dudng ldi ddi mdi cua Dang,
Dang
bp
tinh Thdi Nguyen da lanh dgo tiiyc
1.
Theo
QuySt
dinh sd
170/2005/QD-TTg,
ngay
8-7-2005
cua Thil tucmg Chinh phu, chuan ngheo
ap dyng cho giai dogn 2006-2010 nhu sau:
- Khu
VUC
nong thon: hp co
mUc
thu
nh^p binh
quan
til 200.000d/ngudi/thang
tni xuing
la hp

ngheo.
-
Khu vyc thanh
thj:
hp CO mice thu nhap
binh
tpian
tit
260.000cl/ngit6i/thang
tro xuing la
hp
ngheo.
2.
Theo Quyet dinh
s6
09/20II/QD-TTg,
ngay
30-1 -2011
cua Thu Wong Chinh
phii,
chuin ngheo
ap dyng cho giai doan
2011-2015
nhu sau:
- Hg ngheo
6
nong thon la hp
CO miic
thu nhap
binh quan

400.000d/ngudi/thang
trd xuing.
- Hp ngheo
d
khu vyc thanh thi la hp
co
muc thu
nhap binh qudn
SOO.OOOd/ngirM/thdng
trd xuing.