iv
9
12
1.1. 12
1.2. TC V V
U 13
1.3.
16
1.3.1.
16
1.3.2. 17
Ch2.
22
22
22
23
2.1.3. ,
30
2.1.4. , 36
40
2.2.1. 40
2.2.2.
41
2.2.3.
41
2.2.4.
42
2.2.5. , , ,
42
43
3.1. 43
3.2.
43
v
43
3.2.2.
47
51
51
4.1.
3000
51
4.1.1. (delta plain)
3000 1000
51
51
55
4.1.2. (estuary)
1000 56
4.1.3. (3000-1000
1000 n
) 58
58
4.1.3.2.
60
4.2.
(
1965-2010) 62
65
67
vi
D
13
23
2.2.
- 31
2.3.
- [
2006] 38
2.4.
40
2.5. 40
3.1.
5000 1000
45
3.2.
47
3.3.
49
3.4.
2
:
(1)
(2) 50
-2) ln trt
trung(aQ23) 53
1
3b
2
3
53
2
3
2
1-2
54
4.2b. (amQ23)
(mQ
2
1-2
54
vii
55
4.4.
3
,
56
4.5.
,
58
4.6.
60
Error!
Bookmark not defined.
62
Earth) 63
1965 (,
.64
8
D
2.1.
27
48
.52
4.2.
59
4.3.
61
9
1.
Khu ,
,
:
. c
nh
ndrian
-
-
-
.
: u bing ng b
khu vc cng Nai trong mi quan h vi s i mc bin
n Holocen mun
2.
nh xu th dch chuyng b t n nay khu vc ca
ng Nai.
10
ng ca s c bin bing
b trong Holocen mun khu vc cng Nai.
3.
:
- - a mo cng
Nai
- trn khu vc
cng Nai.
- u s i mc bin trong Holocen mun khu vc ca
ng Nai
- u bing b khu vu trong Holocen mun
n:
n: 3000-10
n: 1000- nay
4.
10
o
- 10
o
4330
106
o
- 107
o
0800
,
,
, , , , , 2
.
5. n
1. .
2. C
.
11
4.
estuary
12
1.1.
,
.
,
:
ng b bin. Theo quan ning b bii ti
gia bit lich chuyn theo s ng ca mc
bin theo chu k ngn (thy triu), chu k
chu k. Trong thc tng lng b bic triu trung
u bing b bin cn ph
ng bng b ng b
ng b trong ng cao nht c
t lin; hong ranh gii gia
b c gic.
ng b ng giao nhau gia mc vn
nm v
13
1.2. TC V VN
U
1.2.1.
,
.
,
.
,
,
:
.
1919,
ng lun ct v ngun g
14
n c b bin v mi t
.
Chng h a IPCC, bang Louisian, tc
n 1855-
t 26ng b bi
t na chi vi t trung 2,6
t i 90%
ching b cu to b vi t t t
i 67% ching b bi
v t lin trong sut th k c. Nigeria, t
ng b bin
t t26].
Hay Trung Qu b bim gn 50% ching b,
n Bt Hi li t khong 40 mi: 49%, Bin
c: 44%, Bit Nam (c o Hi Nam): 21% [27]. B
bin ca mt s nng n.
(CCOP),
15
,
1.2.2.
.
,
,
,
-
,
u,
.
-03-14 [18]
21].
-2001) do
17]
16
19, 20, 21].
-
(0 - 30
) - 1/500.000 do Ng
, ,
1991 - 1995
.
2000 - 2001
,
-
.
ng
[21-
-
12.740 ha (t
[22
-
2
-
-
2
2,53 km
2
1.3.
1.3.1.
1.3.1.1.
u trng tr vi nhau m
thng, c thng nh c thng l
bao gng b, ti . Cm
17
ng ti bao gn chn c
nh cm ly ven bin,
th ngun gc vi
c gng.
1.3.1.-
-
.
.
-
1.3.2.
1.3.2.1. P
ng b c nh d
- -a mo: MNB dng l tt bc th
-c thm bing g mt
u rt ti gian dng li ca
ng lc hong c b mnh hay yu. Th
t b ry kiu th rng t
c thn Mi t t
- Cng tri b ng lc cu
y ven b thng tr y bn chuy
18
d ng trt qu ng cng sinh v
nhn bing b c:
ng su c chn lt
m ly ven bin c
ng cn c
- n bii
ng c c
1.3.2.2
- Ranh gii phc t thi MNB
i do chuyng kin ta
y ranh gic tc ly theo ranh gii ca mt
ct trng vi thm MNB dng v p nht. Ti v i
trng trng tri
ng li bt chnh hp cng tri s
mt m
mt bt chnh hng gu v.
i ngc (ti n
ng bin theo Posamentier, 1997 g i chnh hp
mt nhn ra nh s
hng ca 2 lp trt ca chi cao thy
a 2 lp try da
ch vc ranh gii gia cc tp ca c ng m
- Ranh gi n h th n h thng tr n thp
(LST), bin tin h thng phi da
u quan trc
19
ch hc - ng. T t ln v
n h th
+ Theo mt ct t TSTHST
la ra bin ca min h thng trn thp:
aLSTamLSTm LST
bia ca min h thng trn tin:
mTST amTSTm TST
la ra bin ca min h thng bin cao:
amHSTm HST
1.3.2.3.
14
(TL)
.
:
14
C:
14
C:
g
2
.
14
C:
.
quang (TL)
,
.
ng
.
1.3.2.4.
-
(
, 2010)
- Min h thng bin thp (LST)
20
B - c u din cng t min
ng deluvi, proluvi, aluv ng bi
dLST pLST aLST amLST mLST
- Min h thng bin tin (TST)
B c u din cng t bit lin
thuc min h thng bin tin nh amTST mTST
- Min h thng bin cao (HST)
Bn c u din cng t t lin ra bin
thuc min h thng bi mHST amHST mHST
y b u mc 2 yu t
bn h thng c bin tin.
ng bng ny thng lc.
1.3.2.5
(
,
2011)
:
V = |H h| / T
:
2
,
2
2
.
1.3.2.6.
nh vi nh chp t
n nh chp t v c nh
bin thm bay chp. Nu s d h
21
thc xu th bi trong mt khong thi
u qu c c bi trong
su m bo c. S d
bing b bin, ,
trong khong th thu h nh bay chp).
22
Ch2.
2.1.
2.1.1.
V 1.470 km
2
. V
l:
10
o
- 10
o
4330
106
o
- 107
o
0800
,
,
;
;
; ,
;
,
- (2.1).
23
2.1. v u
2.1.2.
a.
.
( )
-
.
,
,
:
.
3
(), (Right, Gallaway, 1975)
;
24
(estuary).
2
3 ,
,
.
,
40- 60m/.
,
,
(
Flandrian) .
, i,
,
.
3.000
(River
Mouth).
; (
ra
) (
).
3
-
:
;
- ;
,
(
-
).
,
- -
.
b.
,
, c
(
):
+
- ,
(T2ct),
22m, th
, .
, ,
.
25
160m.
-
,
,
, >50m,
La N,
(J2ln),
Thanh
An,
. .
- , trachiryolit, felsit,
(Knt)
,
.
300-450m.
- ,
(N21nb),
,
,
194
247,7m; 53,7m (LK822-TP, -
-X)
, , , (), -
().
- ,
(N22bm),
,
,
135 200,8m,
59m (LK 827
822TP, -X);
, , ,
.
+
,
granodiorit biotit ,
(pha 1- GDi/1);
granosyenit,
,
(pha 2 -
Gsy,G/2) , granosyenit porphyr , granit pegmatit (
-Gp/). , ,
;
.
c.
,
:
-
1,
(Q
1
1
);
-
2,
(Q
1
2-3
);
-
(Q
1
3
);
26
-
4,
(Q
2
1-2
);
-
5,
(Q
2
3
);
c1.
+
(Q
1
1
)-
:
-
(a Q
1
1
)
.
(
,
)
,
140 152m, 12m (LK827TP)
, , c : Cyclotella,
Eunotia.
.
-
-
(amQ
1
1
)
, 115 134m, 29- 30m (LK822TP).
,
,
Thalassiothryx, Synedra; , Sonetariaceae.
, ,
(B/Q12xl) ,
n.
, bazan olivin,
, ,
20-120m.
+
-
(Q12-3) -
nnk theo
(oplically smulated luminiscene)
271 91 142 73
2 (B2.1).
27
2.1.
(optically stimulated luminiscene OSL)
:
Tr (aQ
1
2-3
)
.
,
20- 40m.
:
,
,
3-
5m. , , 75 127m,
50- 52m;
, ,
,
. T
: Eunotia; :
-
-
(am Q
1
2-3
),
, ,
50-108m, 30m (LK821TP, LK822TP).
,
,
: Synedra, Thaeasionema, Foraminifera: Pseudorotalia, Adelosina;
: Polypodiacea, Lygodium,
.
-
(mQ
1
2-3
):
- Wurm (125.000
).
, 50 - 90m, 15m (LK 827
822TP),
,
28
,
: Pseudorotalia; : Rhizosolenia,
Thalassionema, Synedra;
: Lygodium, Polypodiaceae, Rhizophora,
Sonneratia ,
.
+
(Q
1
3
) -
:
-
1
3
):
.
,
5- 10m,
,
,
t; 3- 5m.
,
, 47-55m, 8m (LK821TP).
,
, Diatomea; : Lygodium, Pinus,
.
, ,
,
-
-
.
-
-
(am Q
1
3
):
, 30 - 80m, 44m.
, ,
-
, : Rhizosolenia, Thalassionema,
Synedra; : Lygodium, Cyathea
-
(mQ13): , 24- 40m,
6- 7m,
,
,
:
Rotalia, Ammonia, Eponides, Gyroidina, Lagena ,
Poaceae, Lygodium
-
(amQ
1
3
)
-
-
,
(B/ Q
1
3
pt) ,