Nghiên cứu mối quan hệ và các giải pháp kỹ thuật liên quan tới động lực học và tiêu hao nhiên liệu của ô tô du lịch

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TÓM
T


 phát trin c xe c      trong, c bt là ôtô, là m
trong nhng thành tu l nht c k tht hin i.Ô tô ã có nng óng góp
to l tr phát trin c xã h hn i ng cách làm th mãn nhu cu
n chuyn hàng ngày.



 

Trong các thp niên gn ây,nng h ng nghiên cu và phát trin liên
n giao thông ã chú trn vc 
. 


Trong lun  này, tác gi tp trung 
 
:

Chng1. T quan.
Ch
Ch
Ch

Chng5. t lun.

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ABSTRACT
The development of internal combustion engine vehicles, especially
automobiles, is one of the greatest achievements of modern technology.
Automobiles have made great contributions to the growth of modern society by
satisfying many of its needs for transportation in every daylife.
For a driver, in addition to price, both dynamic performance and fuel
consumption is always the most concern. Despite the supply of drain fuel , the
car manufacturers are continually released cars with larger engine capacity,
higher dynamic features. This problematic fuel consumption will be much more.
In recent decades, the research and development activities related to
transportationhaveconcentrated onthedevelopment models which have a balance
between dynamic performance and fuel consumption.These cars are not only just
satisfied to drivers operating features but also moderate fuel consumption and
environmentally friendly.
In this thesis, the author focuses "The research on relationship and
technical solutions related to the dynamics and fuel consumption of
automobiles." The content of the thesis consists of a main part as follows:
Chapter1.Overview.
Chapter2.The basis of the theory of dynamics and fuel consumption.
Chapter3.The relationship between dynamics and fuel consumption.
Chapter 4.Technical solutions related to the dynamics and fuel
consumption.
Chapter5. Conclusion.



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
 TRANG


 i
 ii
 iii
 iv
 vi
Danh sách các hình x
 xii
 1
 3
 3
 3
 4
 4
 4
 6
 7
 8
 9
 10
2.2.3 Bánh xe phanh 11
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 12
 12
 13
 13
 14
 16
 17
 19
2.5 . 20

2.6  22
2.6 22
2.6 22
2.6.3  . 27
VÀ TIÊU HAO NHIÊN
 32
3.1  32
 36
 36
 39
 . 42
 42
 43
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




 46
 47
3.4.1.1 

(4x4) và (4x2). 47
 50

(4x2). 51
 52
3.4.2.1 






. 52
3.4.2.2 

. 55
 57
 59
3.5 

 60
4: 
 61
4.1  61
4.1.1 

. 61
4.1.2  62
4.1.3  63
4.2  65
4.3  67
4.3.1  67
4.3.2  67
4.3.3. 69
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4.4 








(TRC) 72
4.4.1  73
4.4.2  74
4.4.2.1  74
 74
 75
 76
  76
4.4.3.2  77
4.4.3.3  78
 79
4.4.5  80
 82
 82
5.2  82
 84
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DANH SÁCH CÁC HÌNH

Hình 2.1 , 
phanh 10
Hình 2.2 
l
(F
k

) 12
Hình2.3  20
Hình 2.4 quay 16
Hình 2.5  17
Hình 2.6  24
Hình 2.7  th c tính ti trng c) 27
Hình 2.8 

khác nhau
 28
Hình 2.9  .30
Hình 3.1  34
3.2  
. 35
Hình 3.3   41
3.4  45
Hình 3.5 
k1 k2
FF
. 48
Hình 3.6 
k1 k 2
FF
. 49
Hình 3.7 
k1 k2
F 0,F 0
. 50

Trang xi

Hình 3.8 - -  59
4.1  mercedes E250 68
4.2 











 69
4.3 





 70
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


1. AT: Automatic Transmission
2. CVT: Continuously Variable Transmission
3. DTC: dual-clutch transmisson
4. 4WD (4x4): 4 Wheel Drive

5. AWD: All Wheel Drive
6. TRC: Traction Control
7. ABS: Anti-lock Brake System
8. ASR: Anti Spin Regulator
9. EMS: Electronic Engine-Mangement System
10. MSR: Automatic Barking Differential

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



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

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


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  
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
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
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
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



 





Chương 1 Tô
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ng quan




Trang 3


         

1.1 
- 

-  

























.
- .
1.2 
- 

- 


-  .
-                

1.3 
- 

- 
-  .
- , các anh

Chương 2 Cơ sơ
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ly
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thuyết

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 2


2.1 



 




2.1.1 
 

th
e
  P
k

  

e e e
k k k
PM
PM



(2.1)

e
, M
k
,

e
,

b



P
k
  [W]


k
  [rad/s]
Chương 2 Cơ sơ
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ly
́
thuyết

Trang 5



M
k
   [N.m]




b
e
b
e
t
n
n



1
i 
(2.2)

i
t

 


  [m/s]
n
e
  [vòng/phút]
n
b
  [vòng/phút]

t

sau:
i
t
= i
h
i
p
i
o
i
c
(2.3)

i
h
 
i

p
 
i
o
 
i
c
 ).


e
k
m
M
M
i 
(2.4)

Chương 2 Cơ sơ
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ly
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+ :

k k k m
tl m
e e e t
PM
  
PM
   
(2.5)







tl

=

l

h

p




o

c
(2.6)



l
 


h
 


p
 


cd
 


o
 


c
 

2.1.2 
  



k
và

k

k



k


   

k


k

Chương 2 Cơ sơ
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ly
́
thuyết

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

e h p o c tl
e t tl
k
k
M i i i i 
Mi
M
F
r r r
  
(2.7)

lk
vr
(2.8)

r  
v  
r
l

 

l


const, vì r
l

            .8) cho t   


r
l

l


r, lúc 

2.1.3 



- 

o.
-                

Chương 2 Cơ sơ
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ly
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 P

hay




tl




.


e



ke

P
M
PPP


(2.9)

e

e

M
P
P
P
 
(2.10)

ek
k
tl
e e e
P
PP
P
11
P P P



      
(2.11)

tl
  
(2.12)







 

2.2  

 .

Chương 2 Cơ sơ
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2.2 (Hình 2.1a)




k




và
F

ng 





Z = F

(2.13)

F
f





F

= X = F
f
(2.14)

 
F
f
= Zf (2.15)



Z.a = F
f
.r
d
= Z.f.r
d
= M
f
(2.16)
 
f
    



f


tg = a/r
d
= F
f
/Z

= f (2.17)
Chương 2 Cơ sơ
̉
ly
́
thuyết





Trang 10




2.2.2 Bánh  (Hình 2.1b)

Hình 2.1:  






 (a.),  (b.)
 (c.)
Chương 2 Cơ sơ
̉
ly
́
thuyết





Trang 11




k


k

k



k






Z = F (2.18)

k

F
k
= M
k
/r
d
(2.19)

F

= F
k
 O
f
= X (2.20)



2.2.3 Bánh xe phanh (Hình 2.1c.)
             
moment M

k

k

b


k
(hay M
b
) và F
b


F

= Z (2.21)

F

= F
k
+ F
f
= X (2.22)

Chương 2 Cơ sơ
̉
ly
́

thuyết





Trang 12








2.
l

2.3

l


k



k
l


V
r 
(2.23)

r
l


r
l

c

k



k
l
N2
X
r


(2.24)
 

v

k


v


l
(M
k

k


k



kmax
thì r
l

kmin

thì r
l
= .
Chương 2 Cơ sơ
̉
ly
́
thuyết

Trang 13



2.
            có   
phanh)          

l

k

p
) 

l
(F
k
) (hình 2.2).

Hình 2.2: 
l
(F
k
)
2. (hình 2.3)



0
, ta có:

r.VV
k0

(2.25)


r
l
= r
 r = r
l0
,
  M
k
= 0.
Chương 2 Cơ sơ
̉
ly
́
thuyết

Trang 14




Hình2.3 
2.3.2.2   (hình 2.4)

0

= 
k

l


V



V = r
k
- V

= r
l

k
(2.26)
 V


= V - r
k
= V  V
0
< 0 (2.27)


k


0
V
VV
r
r
1
V
V
0
0l
0
k




(2.28)

V = 0, 

k
> 0
r
l
= 0
V

= -r
k
= - V
0

k
= 1
Chương 2 Cơ sơ
̉
ly
́
thuyết





Trang 15




Hình 2.4 


l

lk
r f (F )

 
r
l
= r
l0
- 
F
F
k
(2.29)

r
l0


tính toán r
l0
= r.

F

2.29  :

F

F
k
= r- r
l
(2.30)


r 

Fl
kk
rr
F
rr


  
(2.31)

a
k k k
F
r
FK   

(2.32)

a
K


a
F
r
K 

.
Chương 2 Cơ sơ
̉
ly
́
thuyết





Trang 16



2. (hình 2.5)


0

bánh xe và r
l






b

V = r
k
+ V

= r
l

k
(2.33)
V

= V - r
k
= V  V
0
> 0 (2.34)

0
b
l
V V V
r
10
V V r



      
(2.35)
 
V

= V, 
k
= 0 (2.36)
r
l
 

b
= 1


Hình 2.5 