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ẤN ĐỘ
I. 
II. 
•  !"#$%&'! (
 
  !"#$%&%'()
*+,-.
 -(/012"2"34567#89:; <
 =+>?;@<+:=6ABC=+>#D?;
<+:=6@;
• )*+,'
• -.#/0
• 123#"/4
• 567)#
• 89&:-
o E:C#FGHIC
o E:C#FGJ#:&
III. %;8<
HIC(&6C+:K!"#$(1LJ;HIC#86C02M%=
8$:N%&O#+0GLA%&P(F6#Q#KK+GR"
#S$6+:2"TU(B#2V+:T%WL#Q#:X#A+GR"
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• 1*=>%;
 )?
HIC#8FK^#Z7#;-+:8FK#Z7#L#S$
_,`$(&E0%J/"#K%a%$$$+AT:M@<012"2V
0X;
bcd`$#S$HICR#8FK#Z7#TQ#$;eZ!GR
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T0:$HICAhgE(&FK#S$f6!"#;iJ2j$0
+:FK#k##k2l0W2j:N+::X#A]!Q8


+,%&R%=8$HIC8#;g:&+$%J%/#2V0XRFK
%]GAO#`/(&%/#2V0XhA(:FK\#2V0X*`%&+C+)
L+,-J2l:RT/#:#Q##Q#!"#$TQ#+,J0m0&
%&:HICfA`>T:M#Q#%RFKTF#n(&+&:#MQ(:K$;
g&G$G#Q##FG$!"#$,]($:C`hd0m
0&+:%/#!M(oA&::AJ0W;i%]GA!GBT0:$HICA#Q#
#FGM#VK1%,#8+Chd$:/!M#p
0m0&+:%/#+GRFA!M`Q%&:f/#:2Mq6;
 *
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(&6%/#%&#Q##V#S$#:+:)C"%J$%&"%J)C
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$:,6C2j$0+:FQ:AZr#S$HIC;
HIC(&f`k^#S$`"FQ:(JHICQ:$G#nP(&E0
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I:v&($6F6&2$&G(&HICQ:+$%&:T:MTD@-egA+:
:&#M$#82j`L`w+L212k#%Rw#L%&:&G#76#:
2j\(Z#S$+`L`w8;
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6C:&0:$1$2$&6Q%R%/#(,0:$%&6$6QG68#`B#:
6C&6QG;$T#f`M:&L#Q#%/##ZA"Q#HIC*#7##:
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 $*-#*
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0+>&`B^8$;
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
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0GTia0$;
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!GR7%K;
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+,%FRT/;
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(j#(\!12j#:#+$;
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#8#:Q6CQOA6CT:MTF:&(;
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nu&+$;
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gKTZ$#%=8$
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`$;HIC(&6CLJ#+GR"T,Wˆf#BjK%/#
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bFM)CM0G+6"(,T#S$#Z6+:T"8%JK
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6X#,0&;ŠH!$/6#S$I:]#8M>(JFQ:%&+
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J;g:&+$%=8$6$Z0&#nd/>%/#2k2$X#%X
TQ#d/2jTQ#A8^]L(&"%J0TQ#J#:&;
 1
g011G0j,R%=6#*$L>HIC%a`2FH(&
K+$%0$;g&G$GK+$%0$#SG#+N>6R$6
`QM:HIC;
€:M=6-eg@=6-eg#8RC#h+G$+&%&:
16]%&>(`QM:H;
$&GA+:!Q+(B#2V#n#8RC#TQ#EG_A

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R0n6QAR#SC#AFQ:AFK%&%=8$:N):,
R%=6HIC;
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+Z/;
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- gHIC=2Q+L2J6+J#T6O+6P#.;vK$2Q#S$P
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#7#A#X6Y%&#K#QT+`&G6C%=`M#Z7#AG,%JH
ICTQ#AP2V0X#NG,+:$:&&GAY,A
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#;;T6B2
gR!$/6A8(&6C%/#`A(&`d/p%J
,,;-]6#Z#8#n6,Z#:+ƒA1GŽe+:&2la6(R
[:;
1**,AZUO
Š#Q#&"(JA$6J%&KXK`B1Gf:Q#8dRB
`k$G%JK$6J:!"#A%&FT%JKXK:!"#;
€F,d%Z>N2$;
€F,#D$G%R&G\#a6(&TF\#(B#2j;
€F,o2Q:f#F#C;
€F,#D#1%&:TQ#`>%`&#1\#a6(&TF\#2#2l;
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 Lễ hội
 1M"[
 12B403
 J
 $*/S
g&G$GAHIC\#Y$](&#QF#S$^1(j##8T•=AO#
`/+:(†%j#T:$P#%&#F/%=n#S$-.;iJ6C6(J#Q#
+P#%&#$:w`$:^6#Q#P#%/,#q!"###L#L
(\Q:0X#"%J#ZP#]%&2:LAHIC$*(,(&6Cd6
0P#L0W"%J2%,!"#
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T8Z;e&:Q!Q#$:#:2Mq6%&:B+HIC#8d(&2$(6,6
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M#=A88\(o#:B+#NA#Q#0:$/#8#fC$
2Mq6$G&+=6+/,0'R6=;
gK(o\#R#]>+,TFM(F(FQ0X#:L#M#Q#
"A%LJ#HIC+C(J6C(X#B$A6&6&#7!$6c–T6`2l
#M6LG6(#%&:6C!"#$TQ#%J:X#A]!QFKA!
Q:A8!a="}+LTQ#`/;e8d8(&K$#Q#`$#S$HIC#D#8d6
"$(&cờ và tiền;9=.#UCBJ2W#&mG0
FBn.#BJ*C**-C)&op29=;bP
Y#Q#(JTQ#$%RTz)CARQ:0X#A#C^%&%&FQ:TQ#
$#8d&V+LTQ#$;g$G#M6C#C^HTFdd
\##C^TQ##S$HIC;
Ví dụ về sự thành công của một công ty đa quốc gia khi kinh doanh tại Ấn
Độ- b#:$(0•2%&%=8$HICQ:
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&6c&G;
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