CHUYÊN đề ôn THI đh môn ANH conditional sentences

Së gi¸o dôc & ®µo t¹o VÜNH PHóC
Trêng thpt nguyÔn duy th×

Họ và tên : Vũ Thị Kim Oanh
Môn: Tiếng anh
Số tiết bồi dưỡng :12 tiết

NĂM HỌC: 2013 - 2014

Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

1

THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU
Ngoại ngữ nói chung và Tiếng Anh nói riêng đã, đang và sẽ trở thành một
môn văn hóa cơ bản trong chương trình giáo dục phổ thông. Đồng thời việc
giảng dạy ngoại ngữ - Tiếng Anh cũng đang được các nhà trường, các nhà
giáo dục, nhiều dự án giáo dục và đông đảo giáo viên quan tâm và đưa ra
nhiều phương pháp dạy học thích hợp. Trong chương trình Tiếng Anh
THPT, Câu Điều Kiện – Conditional Sentences, là một trong các phần ngữ
pháp lớn có trong các kì thi tốt nghiệp THPT, ĐHCĐ và thi học sinh giỏi.
Tuy nhiên, đại đa số học sinh mới nắm được cấu tạo và cách sử dụng của
câu điều kiện loại 1 (type 1), loại 2 (type 2) và loại 3 (type 3). Các em
thường vẫn lúng túng khi gặp các loại câu điều kiện có hình thức hỗn hợp.
Do vậy nhiều học sinh đã gặp khó khăn trong việc phân biệt và làm các bài
tập liên quan câu điều kiện.
Vì vậy tôi mạnh dạn đưa ra một số hình thức nhận biết câu điều kiện
theo quan niệm cũ và quan niệm mới cùng một số dạng bài tập thường gặp

nhằm giúp các em củng cố ngữ pháp và luyện tập một cách hiệu quả và đạt
kết quả cao trong các kì thi.

Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


NỘI DUNG
I. DEFINITION (Định nghĩa):
Câu điều kiện (Conditional sentences) có hai phần: mệnh đề If
(If – clause) và mệnh đề chính ( Main clause).
Ví dụ: If it rains, I will stay at home.
If- clause: If it rains
Main clause: I will stay at home.
II. TYPES OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (Các loại câu điều kiện)
A. Câu điều kiện theo quan điểm cũ
Có ba loại câu điều kiện:
1. Câu điều kiện loại 1 (Conditional sentences: type 1)
- Diễn tả những hành động, sự việc có khả năng thực hiện được, hoặc có khả
năng xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
FUTURE ACTIONS

Eg. If you don’t work hard, you will not pass the exam.
THÓI QUEN (HABITUAL)

If + S + simple present tense ... + simple present tense .
If the doctor has morning office hours, he visits every patiens in the

affternoon.
I usually walk to school if I have enough time.
Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


MỆNH LỆNH (COMMAND)

If + S + simple present tense ... + command form of verb
+ ...
If you go to the Post Office, mail this letter for me.
Please call me if you hear anything from Jane.
2. Câu điều kiện loại 2 (Conditional sentences: type 2)
- Diễn tả những hành động, sự việc không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại; hoàn toàn
trái ngược với thực trạng ở hiện tại.

Eg. If I were you, I would make friend with her.
3. Câu điều kiện loại 3 (Conditional sentences: type 3)
- Diễn tả những sự việc, hành động không thể xảy ra trong quá khứ; hoàn
toàn trái ngược với thực trạng trong quá khứ.

Eg. If he had called the police, he would not have been in trouble.
B. Các cách diến đạt khác của câu điều kiện
1. “Or”
Eg. Keep silent or you will wake the baby up.

Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


2. “When”
Eg. I will call you when I go home.
3. “Without”
Eg. Without the sun, man would live in the darkness.
4. “Unless”
Eg. Unless you work hard, you will fail the exam.
5. Supposed (that) / Supposing (that)
Provided (that) / Providing (that)
Eg. Supposed that he were in Hanoi now, I would visit him.
6. On condition that
Eg. I will help you on condition that you help me.
7. Assuming
Eg. Assuming you went to Britain, what place would you want to visit first?
8. If only
Eg. If only I were 10 cm taller, I would become to model.
9. Cách sử dụng will, would, could, should trong một số trường hợp khác
Thông thường các trợ động từ này không được sử dụng với if trong mệnh đề
điều kiện của câu điều kiện, tuy nhiên vẫn có một số ngoại lệ như sau:
If you (will/would): Nếu ..... vui lòng. Thường được dùng trong các yêu cầu
lịch sự. Would lịch sự hơn will.
If you will/would wait for a moment, I will go and see if Mr Conner is
here.
•

If + Subject + Will/Would: Nếu ..... chịu. Để diễn đạt ý tự nguyện.
If he will listen to me, I can help him.
Will còn được dùng theo mẫu câu này để diễn đạt sự ngoan cố:

Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


Nếu ..... nhất định, Nếu ..... cứ.
If you will turn on the music loudly so late tonight, no wonder
why your neighbours complain.
•

If you could: Xin vui lòng. Diễn đạt lịch sự 1 yêu cầu mà người nói
cho rằng người kia sẽ đồng ý như là một lẽ đương nhiên.
If you could open your book, please.

• If + Subject + should + ..... + command: Ví phỏng như. Diễn đạt
một tình huống dù có thể xảy ra được song rất khó.
If you should find any difficulty in using that TV, please call me.
10. Cách sử dụng if trong một số trường hợp khác
•

If... then: Nếu... thì
If she can’t come to us, then we will have to go and see her.

•

If dùng trong dạng câu suy diễn logic (không phải câu điều kiện):
Động từ ở các mệnh đề diễn biến bình thường theo thời gian của chính
nó.
If you want to learn a musical instrument, you have to practice.
If you did not do much maths at school, you will find economics
difficult to understand.
If that was Marry, why didn’t she stop and say hello.

•

If... should = If... happen to... = If... should happen to... diễn đạt sự
không chắc chắn.
If you should happen to pass a supermarket, perhaps you could get

some eggs.
Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


If.. was/were to... Diễn đạt điều kiện không có thật hoặc tưởng tượng.
Nó gần giống câu điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại.
If our boss was/were to come in now (= if the boss came in now),
we would be in real trouble.
What would we do if I was/were to lose my job.
Hoặc có thể diễn đạt một ý lịch sự khi đưa ra đề nghị
If you were to move your chair a bit, we could all sit down.

Note: Cấu trúc này tuyệt đối không được dùng với các động từ tĩnh tại
hoặc chỉ trạng thái tư duy
Correct: If I knew her name, I would tell you.
Incorrect: If I was/were to know...
•

If it + to be + not + for: Nếu không vì, nếu không nhờ vào.
Thời hiện tại:
If it wasn’t/weren’t for the children, that couple wouldn’t have
any thing to talk about.
Thời quá khứ:
If it hadn’t been for your help, I don’t know what to do.
Not đôi khi được thêm vào những động từ sau if để bày tỏ sự nghi
ngờ, không chắc chắn. (Có nên ... Hay không ...)
I wonder if we shouldn’t ask the doctor to look at Mary.

•

It would... if + subject + would... (sẽ là... nếu – không được dùng
trong văn viết)
It would be better if they would tell every body in advance.
How would we feel if this would happen to our family.

Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì

•

If...’d have...’d have: Dùng trong văn nói, không dùng trong văn viết,
diễn đạt điều kiện không thể xảy ra ở quá khứ

•

If I’d have known, I’d have told you.
If she’d have recognized him it would have been funny.

•

If + preposition + noun/verb... (subject + be bị lược bỏ)
If in doubt, ask for help. (= If you are in doubt, ...)
If about to go on a long journey, try to have a good nights sleep.
(= If you are about to go on... )

. If dùng với một số từ như any/anything/ever/not để diễn đạt phủ định
•

•

There is little if any good evidence for flying saucers.
(There is little evidence, if there is any at all, for flying saucers)
I’m not angry. If anything, I feel a little surprised.
Cách nói này còn diễn đạt ý kiến ướm thử: Nếu có...
I’d say he was more like a father, if anything
He seldom if ever travel abroad.
Usually, if not always, we write “cannot” as one word

If + Adjective = although (cho dù là)
Nghĩa không mạnh bằng although
Dùng để diễn đạt quan điểm riêng hoặc vấn đề gì đó không quan trọng.
His style, if simple, is pleasant to read.

Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


The profits, if little lower than last year’s, are still extremely wealthy
Cấu trúc này có thể thay bằng may..., but
His style may be simple, but it is pleasant to read.
11. Hình thức đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện
Type 1:
If-clause = Should + S (+not) + V(bare-inf.)…
Eg. If he has money, he will buy a new car.
à Should he have money, he will buy a new car.
If Linda does not do her homework, she will be punished.
à Should Linda not do her homework, she will be punished.
Type 2:
If-clause = Were + S (+not) + to V…
Eg. If he knew the answer, he would tell you.
à Were he to know the answer, he would tell you.
If I were you, I would go abroad for studying.
à Were I you, I would go abroad for studying.
Type 3:
If-clause = Had + S (+ not) + P2…

Eg. If they had not gone to Huong pagoda by coach, they would not have got
carsick.
à Had they not gone to Huong pagoda by coach, they would not have got
carsick.
C. Câu điều kiện theo quan điểm mới
Theo quan điểm mới, Tiếng Anh có hai loại câu điều kiện chủ yếu. Đó là:
Câu điều kiện biểu thị và câu điều kiện giả định.
1. Câu điều kiện biểu thị
a) Mệnh đề điều kiện (If – clause)
Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


Thì của động từ và trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian phải tương ứng nhau (tức
là cùng nằm trên một bậc).
Adverbials of time
Present simple or future
Present progressive

Tense of verbs
Present simple tense
Present progressive tense or present

Present perfect

simple tense
Present perfect tense or present

Past simple
Past progressive
Past perfect

perfect progressive tense
Past simple tense
Past progressive tense
Past perfect tense or past perfect
progressive tense

Eg. If it does not rain tomorrow, …
If my mother is at home now, …
If he is living in London at present, …
If John was in the theatre yesterday, …
If she has been learning English for seven years, …
b) Mệnh đề chính (main clause)
- Trợ động từ : WILL / CAN
- Động từ nguyên mẫu sau trợ động từ WILL:
+ present simple / future à Nguyên mẫu đơn (bare infinitive)
+ present progressive

à Nguyễn mẫu tiếp diễn (be V-ing)

+ present perfect / past simple / past perfect à Nguyên mẫu hoàn
thành (have PII)
+ past progressive / persent perfect progressive / past perfect
progressive
à Nguyên mẫu hoàn thành tiếp diễn (have been V-ing)
Eg. If it does not rain tomorrow, we will go swimming.

Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


If my mother is at home now, she will be cooking dinner.
If he is living in London at present, he will be working as an engineer.
If John was in the theatre yesterday, he will not go there again today.
If she has been learning English for seven years, she will have spoken
this language fluently.
2. Câu điều kiện giả định
a) Mệnh đề điều kiện (If-clause)
Thì của động từ và trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian không tương ứng (tức là không
cùng nằm trên một bậc).
Adverbials of time
Present simple or future
Present progressive

Tense of verbs
Past simple tense
Past progressive tense or past simple

Present perfect

tense
Past perfect tense or past perfect
progressive tense
Past perfect tense

Past perfect progressive tense

Past simple
Past progressive
Eg. If there were no air, …
If I were you, …

If he were staying at home now, …
If they had been living here for 6 years now, …
If we had not gone to Huong pagoda by coach yesterday, …
b) Mệnh đề chính (main – clause)
- Trợ động từ: WOULD / COULD
- Động từ nguyên mẫu sau trợ động từ WOULD:
+ present simple / future à Nguyên mẫu đơn (bare infinitive)
+ present progressive

à Nguyễn mẫu tiếp diễn (be V-ing)

+ present perfect / past simple / past perfect à Nguyên mẫu hoàn
thành (have PII)
Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


+ past progressive / persent perfect progressive / past perfect
progressive
à Nguyên mẫu hoàn thành tiếp diễn (have been V-ing)

Eg. If there were no air, no species would exist.
If I were you, I would make friend with her.
If he were staying at home now, he would be watching his favourite
football matches.
If they had been living here for 6 years now, they would have had a lot
of friends.
If we had not gone to Huong pagoda by coach yesterday, we would not
have got carsick.
CÁC DẠNG BÀI TẬP VỀ CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
1. DẠNG BÀI TẬP TỰ LUẬN
1.1. Conditional sentences: Type 1
Example: If he runs, he will get there in time.
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail.
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1. David will leave for Ren tomorrow if the weather ................. (be) fine.
2. What will you do if you .................... (not / go) away for the weekend ?
3. The game .................................. (start) if you put a coin in the slot.
4. If you ......................... (be) scared of spiders, don’t go into the garden.

5. We’ll have to go without John if he ( not arrive)…………….soon.
6. Please don’t disturb him if he ................................. (be) busy.
7. If she ...... (accept) your card and roses, things will be very much hopeful.
8. If a holiday .................................... (fall) on a weekend, go to the beach.
9. If she (come)…………………………. late again, she’ll lose her job.
Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì

10. If he (wash)…………………………..my car, I’ll give him $20.
11. He’ll be late for the train if he (not start)…………. at once.
12. If I lend you $100, when you (repay)………………………… me?
13. Unless I have a quiet room I (not be able)…to do any work.
14. If we leave the car here, it (not be)……… in anybody’s way.
15. Someone (steal)……… your car if you leave it unlocked.
16. Unless he (sell)….more, he won’t get much commission.
17. If you come late, they (not let)……… you in.
18. If you (not go)…………away I’ll send for the police.
19. If he ..................................... (eat) all that, he will be ill.
20. What .................................. (happen) if my parachute does not open?
1.2. Conditional sentences: Type 2
Example: If I had a map, I would lend it to you.
If I were you , I’d plant some trees round the house.
Were they stronger, they could lift the table
Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1. If I knew his address, I (write)............. to him.
2. If the sun (be)................ shining now, we would go to the beach
3. If you (paint)………the walls white, the room would be much brighter.
4. If he knew that it was dangerous he (not come)………………
5. I (buy)………shares in that company if I had some money.
6. If you drove more carefully, you (not have)……so many accidents.
7. If I (be)…. you , I (not worry)………...............about going to university.
8. If I (have)………any money, I would give you some.
9. Mary doesn’t study hard. She (not pass)… the examination unless she
worked harder.
10. What you (buy)…………………….if your father gave you $200?
Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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11. If I ( know)………..his phone number, I would call him.
12. We would need less money if we ( live)…………….in the country
13. How (you/ feel)……………. if you were in my position?
14. If he ............................ (get) up earlier, he’d get to work on time.
15. If I ....................... (be) you, I ...................... (tell) them the truth.
16. They would go to the beauty spot if they ........................... (have) time.
17. If we .............................. (have) a car, we would drive to work everyday.
18. Where you ........... (choose) if you could live anywhere in the world ?
19. You ................................ (catch) the train if you left earlier.
20. If I ...................................... (pass) the exam, he would be astonished.
21. I wouldn’t agree with him if he ......... (tell) me about his plan.
22. If she ....(elect) the Prime Minister, she would invest more on education.
23. If I ............................... (be) rich, I would live in a castle.
24. If you ............................. (not – work) so hard, you would find the time.
25. If he .................................. (work) harder, the result would be better.
1.3. Conditional sentences: Type 3
Example: - If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.
- If the patient had got the treatment, he wouldn’t have đie.
- Had he studied hard, he would have passed the exam
Exercise 3: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1. If Mary (wear)…………a raincoat, she would not have got a cold.
2. There (not have)….....……an accident if the driver in front hadn’t stopped
so suddenly.
3. If she had eaten something, she (not feel)………………………. hungry.
4. If I (have)………………a sound sleep last night I would have been well.

5. If it (not rain)…………yesterday we would have had lunch in t he garden.

Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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6. If it had not been very expensive I (buy)…………………………..it.
7. If the teacher (speak)………………more slowly Peter would have
understood the lessons.
8. If I ................. (have) my camera with me yesterday, I ......................
(take) a picture of Alex standing on his head.
9. The cowboy pulled his gun to shoot at the rattlesnake, but he was too late.
If he ....(be) quicker to pull the trigger, the snake .. (not-bite) him on the foot.
10. If you ........... (be) more careful, you wouldn't have cut yourself.
11. If Martin had set his alarm clock, he ................... (not oversleep).
12. If you (speak)............more slowly, he might have understood you.
13. If he had known the whole story, he (not be)................so angry.
14. If I (be)...........ready when he called, he would have taken me with him.
15. I didn't know you were in hospital. If I .......... (know), I ...........(go)
to visit you.
Exercise 4: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1. If I (be)…………… you, I (apply) …………for a job as soon as possible.
2. I could understand the French teacher if she (speak)...............more slowly.
3. If you (make) ………………………a run for it, you’ll catch the train.
4. If Laura (not eat) ……so much, she wouldn’t have put on weight.
5. I (accept)......................if they invite me to the party.
6.The earthquake would have caused less damage if the house (be) ……of

stronger construction.
7. If there (be) ……a good breeze on Sunday, we’ll go hang-gliding.
8.You can get there more quickly if you (take) …………the short cut across
the playing field.
9. If he (be) ……………taller, he (be able) ………………to join the police.
10. If she (read)............................ in bad light, she’ll ruin her eyes.
Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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11. If I were you, I (wear)....…some warm clothes today. It’s quite cold
outside.
12. Don’t worry about getting home. If you (miss) ……......……the last bus,
I’ll give you a lift in my car.
13. Jim would get better marks at school if he (do) ……more homework.
14. He (not leave) …………………his last job if the salary had been better.
15. What you (do) ………………if you saw someone drowning in the sea?
16. If I had any news, I (phone) ………………………you yesterday.
17. I don’t have much money, but if I (have) …......…, I (travel) …...……
around the world.
18. If you (tell) ……………me he was ill, I (visit) ………him.
19. If you go in the rain without a raincoat, you (catch) ……a cold.
20. If you had been at the party last Sunday, you (meet) …some old friends.
21. I’d change this old motorcycle if I (have) …………enough money.
22. He would have died if the doctors (not operate) …………on him.
23. If I had a car, I (give) ………………………you a ride.
24. If I meet Paul tomorrow, I (give) ………………………him your letter

25. If the weather (be)……nice next weekend, they (go) …to the country.
26. If people (not eat) ……so many sweets, their teeth wouldn’t fall out.
27. If we (take) ………your advice, we’d have saved a lot of time.
28. If you don’t hurry, we (be) ………………………late for the match.
29. If you didn’t smoke so many cigarettes, you (feel) ………………better.
30. She would be better-looking if she (not have) ………such a big nose.
1.4. “Unless”
* “Unless” = If... not (nếu ...không, trừ phi)
Example: If you don’t study hard, you will fail the exam.
 Unless you study hard, you will fail the exam.
Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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THPT Nguyễn Duy Thì


If she doesn’t water these trees, they will die.
 Unless she waters these trees, they will die.
If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster.
 Unless we had more rain, our crops wouldn’t grow faster.
Form:
If- clause ->
Thể phủ định ->

Unless
Khẳng định

Main clause
Không đổi.

Thể khẳng định -> Khẳng định

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Exercise 5: Rewrite the following sentences using “Unless”
1. I won’t go to school if I don’t feel better.
Unless .....................................................................................
2. Tony will talk to you if you question him.
Unless .....................................................................................
3. If you don’t put on your overcoat, you’ll be cold.
Unless .....................................................................................
4. You will fail the exam if you don’t work hard.
Unless .....................................................................................
5. You’ll get a cold if you don’t keep your feet dry.
Unless .....................................................................................
6. If I don’t leave now, I’ll miss my flight.
Unless .....................................................................................
7. If you aren’t going to the party, I won’t go.
Unless .....................................................................................
8. I can’t send you a postcard if you don’t give me your address.

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Unless ......................................................................................................

9. If I won a big prize in a lottery, I’d build a school for the poor.
Unless.......................................................................................

10. I’ll call the police if you don’t leave me alone.
Unless………………………………………………………
1. 5. Changing situations into conditional sentences

* So + clause

=> Main clause

* That’s why + clause => Main clause
* Because + clause

=> If- clause

* Indicating clause of cause => If – clause
Clause of result => Main clause
Example: They don’t have enough time so they cannot do me a favour.
=> If they had time, they could do me a favour.
She has a sore throat. She doesn’t stop smoking.
=> If she stopped smoking, she wouldn’t have a sore throat
a. Change present situations into conditional sentences ( Type 2)
Exercise 6: Rewrite the following sentences using conditional sentences:
type 2
1. They are poor, so they can’t help us.
If they .........................................................................
2. He doesn’t do his homework. He is always punished.
If he .............................................................................
3. He doesn’t have enough time. He can’t help me.

If he .............................................................................
4. She doesn’t take any exercise, so she is overweight.
If she .........................................................................................................
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5. He doesn’t have a bicycle, so he always goes to class late.
He wouldn’t .............................................................................................
6. I am bad at English, so I can’t do homework.
I could ......................................................................................................
7. He doesn’t practise speaking French, so he doesn’t speak it fluently.
If he ..........................................................................................................
8. The meeting can be cancelled because it snows heavily.
If it .....................................................................................................
9. We don’t go because it will rain.
If it ........................................................................................................
10. John is fat because he eats so many chips.
If John ..................................................................................................
b. Change past situations into conditional sentences ( Type 3)
Exericse 7: Rewrite the following sentences using conditional sentences:
type 3
1. He didn't hurry, so he missed the train.
If ...................................................................................................................
2. We didn't go because it rained.
If it hadn't ....................................................................................................
3. We got lost because we didn't have a map.

If we .............................................................................................................
4. He lost his job because he was late every day.
If he ..............................................................................................................
5. The airport was closed. She didn't fly to Rome.
If ...................................................................................................................
6. Sue felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.
Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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If Sue ............................................................................................................
7. My brother didn't leave the car keys, so I couldn't pick him up at the
station.
If my brother ................................................................................................
8. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough money.
If we .............................................................................................................
9. He didn't have the ticket to the game last week. He wasn't be able to get
in.
If ...................................................................................................................
10. Robert got a bad cough because he started smoking cigarettes.
If Robert .......................................................................................................
Exercise 8: Rewrite the following sentences, beginning with the given
1. It’s too cold, they can’t go swimming.
If it………………………………………………………………………..
2. We didn’t know you were in hospital, so we didn’t visit you.
If we…………………………………………………………………………..
3. The doctors can’t find out the remedy, they can’t save a lot of people.

If the doctors…………………………………………………………
4. We don’t use public bus service, we will not get rid of pollution in the
city.
If we…………………………………………………………………………
5. The patient didn’t get the treatment so he died.
If………………………………………………………
6. I didn’t have an umbrella so I got wet in the rain.
If………………………………………………………
7. I am tired so I can’t cycle to work.
If I ………………. …………………………………………….
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8. That house is too expensive, so I can’t buy it.
If …………………………………………………………………
9. Because he didn’t work hard last term, he lost his job.
If ………………………………………………………………..
10. It was cold yesterday, so I didn’t not go for a walk.
If it ………………………………………………………………
11. Mary didn’t have money with her, so she couldn’t buy that present.
If ………………………………………………………………..
12. There was a test yesterday. You didn’t know that, so you didn’t study.
If I had known that ….. …………………………………………..
13. The building is too high, so he can’t climb up.
If …………………………………………………………………….
14. I don’t know her phone number so I can’t phone her.

If………………………………………………………………………
15. He won’t receive the letter tomorrow if you don’t post it today.
Unless ......................................................................................................
2. BÀI TẬP TRẮC NGHIỆM
Exercise 9: Choose the best answer by circling A, B, C or D to complete
the following sentences.
1. If I …………hungry now, I……………..five sandwiches, but I’m not.
A. am – can eat

B. were – can eat

C. were – could eat

D. were – will eat

2. What would you do if you ……………..a lottery.
A. win

B. will win

C. won

D. had won

3. If you………………….a millionaire, you might be happy.
A. became

B. will become

C. become

D. had became

4. If you had tried your best, you…………………………the job.
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A, will get

B. got

C. had got

D. would have got

5. If he …………………now, he…………………..the rush hour.
A. leaves / missed

B. leaves / will miss

C. leaves / would miss

D. left/ missed

6. If I…………..in his shoes, I ……………..the Browns.
A. am / wouldn’t invite

B. were / wouldn’t invite

C. were / won’t invite

D. would be/ invite

7. If he…………………..late, he would have caught his bus.
A. worked

B. has worked

C. had not worked

D. would work

8. It ............................... quicker if you use a computer.
A. will be

B. would be

C. were

D.been

9. If I knew his address, I ................................. round and see him.
A. go

B. will go

C. would go

D. went

10. If we want to get higher salary, we………………….harder.
A. work

B. would work

C. worked

D. must work

11, If I …………………her, I……………….her your love.
A. see / would give

B. see / will give

C. saw / gave

D. saw / will give

12. If I were him, I………………..somebody for help
A. asked

B. would ask

C. will ask

D. had asked

13. If you fell, you……………….yourself.
A. would hurt B. are hurting

C. will hurrt

D. hurt.

14. What …………..you do if you stop this work?
A. would

B. do

C. are

D. will.

C. had had

D. will have

15. If I ….. time, I’ll help you

A. have

B. had

16. If I found a wallet in the street, I ……….take it to the police.
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A. will

B. should

C. would

D. B and C

17. What would you do if you …. a million pounds?
A. win

B. won

C. will win

D. A and C

18. If Ken ……….. the train, he would have been late for his interview.
A. missed

B. has missed

C. miss

D. had missed

19. It ............................. be a pity if she married Fred.
A. will

B. would

C. can

D. may

20. I know I’ll feel better if I .................................. smoking.
A. will stop

B. stopped

C.stop

D. had stopped

21. I … that coat if I ….you.
A. wouldn’t buy/ were

B. didn’t buy/ were

C. don’t buy/ am

D. won’t buy/ am

22. If the driver in front … so suddenly, the accident wouldn’t have
happened

A. hasn’t stopped

B. hadn’t stopped C. didn’t stop

D. don’t

stop
23. If I … a lot of money now, I … .....a new car.
A. have/ will buy

B. have/ would buy

C. had/ will buy

D. had/ would buy

24. If you ….here yesterday, you …me.
A. were/ would meet

B. had been/ would meet

C. were/ would have met

D. had been/would have been

25. If I find it, I … you.
A. will tell

B. shall tell

C. would tell

D. A and B

26. If I … you were in hospital, I … to see you.
A. know/ will go

B. knew/ would go

C. had known/ would have gone

D. all are incorrect

Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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27. You are late. If you …… a few minutes earlier, you …… him.
A. came / would meet

B. had come / would have met

C. come / will meet

D. had come / would meet

28. I’d have gone swimming yesterday afternoon if I …… time.

A. had

B. have had

C. had had

D. would have

had
29. If you didn’t do this, you …… punished.
A. are

B. will be

C. should

D. would be

30. If he had told me the truth, I …… him.
A. will not punish

B. would not have punished

C. would not punis

D.would have not punished

31. “What do you think about the U.S?”
“If I had known it was so industrialized, I …… come here”
A. would never have

B. would never

C. will never

D. have

been
32. If they had not given me advice, I …… again.
A. would have failed

B. would fail

C. would have been failed

D. wouldn’t fail

33. If I …… a scholarship to England, my parents would be very proud of
me.
A. get

B. got

C. had got

D. will get

34. Bill …… more photographs if he …… more film.
A. would take / had had

B. would have taken / had

C. would take / has had

D. would have taken / had had

35. I would have met you at the bus terminal if I …… that you were
arriving.

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A. know

B. had known

C. knew

D.

would

know
36. If there …… no floods last year, the crop …… better.
A. had been / would have been

B. were / would be

C. had / would have been

D. was / would have been

37. I don’t have enough time. If I …… more time, I …… to see you.
A. have / will come

B. had / would come

C. have had / will have come

D. had had / would have come

38. Peter failed the final exam. If he …… harder, he …….
A. has worked / will succeed

B. worked / succeeded

C. had worked / would succeed

D. had worked /would have

succeeded
39. If he …… taller, he …… able to join the police.
A. is / will be

B. was / would be

C. were / would be

D. were / will be

40. If I had known it would rain, I …… my umbrella.
A. will take

B. would take

C. am going to take

D. would have taken

41. If he worked harder, he …….
A. will not be sacked

B. will not have been sacked

C. had not been sacked

D. would not be sacked

42. If he had arrived late, we …… without him.
A. would have begun

B. would begin

C. would have began

D. will begin

43.We …… on time if we waited for him.
A. will not be

B. would not be

C. would not have been

D. had not been

Vũ Thị Kim Oanh

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