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*

Ottc NGHE Lo xu LY cHAr

'

THAI RAN Y TE CHUWASTAR

He N}[ ngdy 26 thdng 01 ndm 2010


MUC LUC

l.

Gidi thiQu vd COng ty Chuwa

II.

Vdn tlii rrlc thii y t6 vh thg'c tr4ng o Viet nam

III.

Thuy6t minh cdng nghe

IV.

C0u hinh Id xir

V.

Tinh tofn crlc thdng s6 t y thu$t r,i m0 ph6ng ph:lt thei

cria ld

VI.

lf

rric thei v

tO

cria Clhun'a

tl6t ch6t thei r5n I't6 vir crlc dA nghi ctia chring tdi

Phu luc


I.

GIOI THrEu vE c6Nc Ty cHUwA.

Sau chi€n tranli. Nhat Ban la dAt nuoc phdt trjdn cao do r,€

kinh t6.

Tr-rv nhien. di cgne r cti
su ph6t tri6n ndy la n}rftng vari dC nrdi trudng nhu : o
niriEnr nguon nuo,c. 0
khi thai.
'hi6m
rac thdi' dd 6n"'dnh huong rdt nhidu toi dcri s5ng cua
nguo'i cid1. dac bi€r ia b€'h ltaiirai do
vi6c 6 nhiSrn ngu6n nuoc 961,ra.

\/cri muc dich gop ph6n lam trong sach nioi trucmg
cua nguo'i dAn va nhdn thdl dir cirng
ld m6t thi trucrng dA1, ti6m ning. Chuu.a du,cyc thdnh lAp nani 1 969
tai Tolnghi0n cuu lo xu Ij r6c thdi.

Toi ndm 1971. chu*,a nghi€n
duoc d6nh gid

c*u'd sd'xu6t thd'li cong rd xu. l-

lithd'g rnui. kh6ng krr6i

r6c thai loai AP va

c6ng'gh6 lirnr nrdt ro bdng nuoc ra rhoj i,hi.
cung nd'r d.. chi'h ph0 Nhar Ban btr su'g didu ru6t r€
ba. r,6 moi truirng. Qua d6. ru. li

'di

nghi€nl khac nhfrng nird nidr,. xi ngl,ri€p vi pham.

Nam 1973' chung toi ti6p tuc dua ra thi trucmg loai lc\ F vti'i
riac di€m nho. g6p ra tlrich
ho-p vcvi nhirng ncvi c6 qu1'md nho. l,oai lo
ndy sau d6 ducrc d6nh gia rdt cao \,a rrir than5 l.
b6n char nhdr tai Nh6t Ban. Ngoai ra. rrhirng loai lo
khdc nhu': cx. llx. l\4x...cirnc dlroc
ban

r6ng rdi tr0n toirn qu6c.

O thi trucrng nudc ngodi. sdn pharn cta Churva c6 niat
rai 17 nu'o.c rren rh€ gidi nhu: \4r.
ChAu du. Trung Qu6c. Thdi Lan. Malar,s;ia. Brazil...

Nam 1995. chur.r'a duoc Chri tich thanrr ph6 Tokyo trao tarig
bang chuns nhAn doanh
nghi0p s6n xudt thidt bi rnoi tru'orrg dar ti€u chudn.
Ngodi ra. chu*,a rri6' nar dan!. lham gia
m6t sO cdc du 6n v€ m6i trucmg cua Chinh phii Nhat Ban.

II. VAN DE RAC THAT Y TE VA THUC TRANG O VIET NAN4
1. Thirnh phin ch6t thii rin )' tc (crRyr) trong b6nh vi€n vi cdc co,sri,r.

a) Ctrdt tnai lim sing (5 nh6m):

-

Ch6Lt

thai gdy lA1' nhi6m (b0ng. bang. gac...)

C6c vAt sic nhqm (kim ti€rn. dung cu phAu thu6t...)

CTR phong xet nghi€m.
CTR ducrc ph6m
CTR tu:giai ph5u.

t0:


b) Chet thii ph6ng xa.
c) Chit th,ii ho{ hoc.
d) Cdc binh chri.a {p suit.
e) ChAt thii sinh ho4t cfia con ngu'd'i.
Tuitheo dac tl'ru cua bQnh vi0n vd c6c co so )'te ma luotrg CTI{YT cac loai (tu a,e)
thdnh phAn vd

ki6i luorg

sE co

kh6c nhau.

Ri6ng C'fRYT nh6m (a.): CTR l6m sirng aOi vOi c6c b€nh vi€n da khoa lihoang 0.150'2kg/giu'd'ng/ngd. CTRYT nh6m (e); CTR sinh ho4t s€ khodng l-l,2kg/giu'o'ng/ngd. ('dc
loai CTRYT (b).(c).(d) pliu thu6c vdo dic thu cua tu'ng benh r ien r A c
2.

Tinh hinh thu gom vir xri'lf CTRYT

ei

ViQt Nam:

a) 1'hu gom - Phin loai:
CTRYT o Vi€t-Nam duo-c phAn loai thu gom theo 3 nh6m vd duoc dung trong c6r: tui.
thung co mdu sic ho6c

kj

hi€u kh6c nhau:

- t'rii miru rlen: CTRYT ho6 hoc vd ph6ng xa.
- I'ui mau vang: CTRYT lirn sdng (bao gom ca 5 nhon.r C'I'R ldnl siurg).
- 1'[i miu xanh l{ ci1': CTR sinh hoat.
Theo ddnh gid t4i 29-5 benh vi6n Vd co sd y td (Vi€n LD I'a VSMTYT

-

BQ Y t€):

94-960/0 c6c b€rih vi6n dd co phdn loai CTRYT.

92-93% c6c b6nh vi€n cci tdch ri€ng cdc ','6t sdc nhon trong CTRYT de rr,l

h

ri0ngl.

Slu,'t c6c b€nh ri€n dd su'dung tiri vd thung dung dung nlau quy dinh.

E6n nam 2006 (Viqn LD vd VSIVfTYT
.v

-

t6

1ZZ

-

B9 Y te). qua

khio sft 700 b6nh

r,iQn r a co' sri'

b6nh vi$n TW, 231 bQnh yign tinh, 435 b6nh Yi6n hu1,Qn, 12 bQnh vi6n ru'

nhin) cho th61':

f cdn lrai 3

theo qul' dinh. Doi roi rAt sac

6691700 benh vi€n (khodng 95,57%) dd co phAn

b€nir vi6n (4.42%) chua thuc hi€n phdn loai CTRYT

loai CTRY

1

rrhon.dd c6 638 b€nh vi€n (91-14%) c6 hQp dung i6t sdc nhon va r.nd1'huj'kinr 1ienr. cdn
lqi 62 b6nh vi€n (8.86%) chua thuc hi6n theo quy dinh. Ilau h8r cdc binh ri.an (616,i70()
bdnh vi€n

-

90.860A) d6u dA thuc tri€n thu gom va phAn loai

CTRYT hang nga-i .it

nhat

mQt lAn m6t ngir1,'.

b) \rdn chuy6n

-

vir t$p n6t

i I 3 700 b€nh vi€n

CtRY't:

(14.719'O dA thp'c hiQn kh6ng vAn chur €n CTRYT qua l.hLr vuc cir

bOnh nhdn;

-

3711700 (539'r) c6c b6nh vi6n dr"rng CTRYT trong cdc ll'rung. bao kin:


-

1211700 bQnh vi€n (60.579'tr) b0nh vi€n c6 r,€ sinh thungr dung

CTRYT hdng

nea.,,.

c) Bio qudn CTRYT tru.fc khi xri.li,

-

1231700 benh vi€n (60..13ok) cct ncri bdo qudn

374 700 b0nh

'iOn

giD'crRyr

(53.439'ir) luu

CTRYT

T;ierrg bi6t

vcii rrr6i rnrr)rrs:

rrong nhir co nrdi che:

318,/700 b€nh vi€n (45.43%) co hirng rdo bdo ',,€ kh6ng cho suc vAr vdo noi chu'a

CTRYT:

-

3951700 b6nh i'i6n (56.43%) lluu gifr' CTRYT kh6ng qu6

2 ngdl (theo qu) din|):

311,t700 b€nh I'i€r-r (45.3%) tiru'c hi€n dAy'du y€u cAu r,€ sinh r,€

luu

gii

va irao cluan

CTRYT.

,. t'9xri'lj C-IRYR
a)

t4i ViQt Nam:

CTR nh6m IAm sirng dang duoc xu Iy theo hucmg

- Nh6m

l:

Chdt

thii

dAn

lai Vi6t Nam nlru

961'151'nhi6m (b6ng" bdng. gac...): 33:t/70f

).,

17.7o,,o

sau:

h0nh rien

tiruc hi€n khu trung tlucrc kiri di ti€u huj'.

- Nh6m 2: C6c

vit sic nhgm (}<.im ti€m. dung cu phdu thudt... ): 462i 700 -

66e,i, benh

vi6n dtra vdo hQp di ti€u huj,.hoic co m6,v huy kim ti6m.

- Nh6m 3: CTR phdng xdt nghi6m:3011700 -

43o/,o

irdnh r,i6n tlruc hi€n xu

lj

CTRYT nhu'nhorn CTR lAm sdns.

- Nh6m 4: CTR du'qc phim: 350/700 - 50% bdrrh vi€n dem tieu
dong rin ch6n lAp theo quy dinh.
- Nh6m 5:'CTR

giii phiu:

xu lv bang thi€u dot. xu'11,'bang n6i

d) CTRYT

3471700

-

hr-ry 1dot.r saLr ,16

49.6% b€nh vi€n thuc hi6n dung qu1'dinh la

vi song hoac ch6n l6p rrghia dia. sau khi ti6t trlrng.

hdLp

nh6m hof hoc duoc xri'l;f theo qu1'dinh nhu sau:

-

Khong xu'ly 358/700

e)

D6i r,6'i viQc xri'1. clc binh gaz, binh xit, binh chri'a

-

TrA lai cur.rg c|p227,t700

Tra lai noi cung cip co 65/700

-

93% b6nh vi6n thuc

i-rien.

- 3OoA b€nh vi6n thuc hien.

Thi6u dOt cO 2101700

Tro ho6 (dong rin, bao kin) r'd ch6n lAp c6 67/700

-

Tei su-durrg co 87t700

-

9.6o/obdnh vien thuc hi€n.

51.14o,/o b€nh vi6n.

-

-

32.4c./o

ip

b€nh vi€n thu'c hi6n.

12-49/o b6r-rh vi€n.

sudt:


Ti€u hu, nhu CTR sinh hoat cri 53/700
Khong xu'11

_ei

- 7.6% b€nh r,irin rh,.c hi€n.

co 386,,700

- 5j.i5% benh r,i6n.

crRyr

tai ch6 (th6ng ke 700

t'6 td chri'c xri'lf

co ld d6t rieng trong khuon Vi6.n crla

be'h'r€'.i'f006,r007)

- 37.13onh0nh Virrn.
Thi6u d6t ngoai troi bing phu'cnie ph6p thu cong co 174t7ct0

- 2l.g6oti,b€nh r icn.
chon ldrp rrorg khu6n'i€n b€nh'i€n co 2l l 1700 30,14o,l
b€nh'ien.
Plrucnrg phap khac va nhcr b6n ngodi xu' l- c6 94 700
- ,13.43g,0 bernir r icn.
b€nh Vi6n

c6 26?.700

1.

K6t luin r'€ trSng thdi, phu'o'ng ph:ip xri'ly

-

HAu her CTRYT cdc loai d€u cAn su'dung lo d6t hoac phu'omg
phap phan hLrr, nhier
Itlrac (plasq1a. nhi€t phAn-c6c bon ho6..) dd xu'lv. Chat thdi cua
cdc quzl rrinir piran 5r.ri.
nhiet 1tro.xi... )phai ducyc xu li nhu chAt thar ngur hai.

-

crRyr

tai vi6r Nam:

Cdc phucrng phap khac (Autoclau'.

r'i song...) chi phuc vu n-rot cong doan xu li 1,. tiet

trung sau d6 ,CTR nir6m l6m siing v6n ph6i duoc xu' l- ti€p bdng phr-ro'ng
plr6p r-rhr-r
dot hoac clion lap.

-

So sdnh phuolg phap phAn hu1' nhi6t. dot. nhi6t ph6n. cacbon lroa.
hap bipg ap sLrar
(Autoclau') r'd vi song. theo c6c ti-r6ng s6 r,i sinh. k!' thuat r a kinh
r€ duirc cac nha
khoa hoc NhAt Ban thuc hi6n (xem phg luc 1) chung rninh tinh u.u r.iet cua
cac

phuong ph6p phan huy nhiQt trudc h6t ld phucmg phap sri.du'g lo
d6r.

-

Lo d6t crRYT phai d6p ung cdc r,6u cau cua TCVN 73g0-2004 d6i ro,i ro d6t
CTRYT (phB lgc 2) r'd ph6i dat tieu chuAn r,6 phat thai d6i r,,oi khi lo theo qu'
chuArr
QC-02-2008 cua BO TN'&MT (phg htc 3).

-

De lo d6t CTRYT dat ciic y6u cAu noi tr6n ngodi vi6c dat TCVN 73g0-1001. r,iec
rArr
hanh. cAp nguv€n liqu dot. r'6n hanh cdc thdng sO ki thuat cua lo cfrng done r,ai
tro rar
quan trong ae Aam bao kh6i lo dat c6c qul,dinh trong quv chuAn

eC-02-2001J cua Bo

TN & MT.

III.THTiYET MINH COXC NGHE

l.

Gicri thi6u chung:

Fl-S la loai lo clot nhi€t ph6n hai buong cong nghe cao. df,t dri'ng duo'c su dung rgng
rdi tai c6c benh vi€n tai NhAt Ban. Lo xu ly rac thai CHUWARSI-AR dh tung du,oc
bA' ra
tron 15 nucrc tr6n th€ gioi bao g6m ciic kliu vuc chdu Au, chdu v1:. chau A
hi€n nar d.i
'a
c6 mat tai nhidu b€nh vi€n rai vi6t Nam nhu m6t s6 b€nh vi6n tinh Hai Du,ong.
\,inh plrr.rc.

(


l-ur'€rr Quang-

Narl Dinh. Thai Binh. Ti6n Giang. Ki6n Giang... thOng clua Li'rrh Ph.ln t',hrii

d6c qu1'€n cua C6ng ty'C6 phdn Ti6n

2.

So tl6 ngul'6n ly cfra ld

86 Quoc te AIC

tlilt chit tnai I' tG CHUWa

Dua rr6tr trgur€rt lv lo d6t noi churrg va co k6 den cdc ddc thu rii'ng khi clrrt clrit th;.ri rirr r

:,

t€ ttha nglii€n cuu vd sdn xudt dd lua chon so d6 nsuv€n

li sau nhi0Lr IAn cai ti0n nliu sau:

Nu6'c sach

Hoi

rrLro'c

r-----|

I

i

i

TB sinh hoi
Nhi€n Ii€u

BD c6p

2

Xiclorr

KIsre-U!

khLl bui
L hat tlral

BD c6p I

Nhi6n lieu
Khong khi

Qua scr d6 ngu1,€n

lv vd hinh r'€ drroi co th€ th6y

tric cua lo CHU\ /A co cdc thi6t bi

chinh nhu sau:

. :

-:

a) Lum buong dot

- 2 bu6ng ch61,kh6ng ngin c6ch: d6t rec c6 nhidu chAt b6c tot hcvn.
rl

ti'.

;

r

^ diu d6t cap 1 i'd 2: cung cdp nhi6t b6 sung do nhiQt tri cua rac thdp.
-2

- ? can nhiet do nhiet dQ d€ di€u khidn dong t6t dAu d6t.
, ) ..)

rl

^ d6ng ho dieu khi€n nhi€t d6.
-2

Cdc thi€t bi nd1'phuc vu di0u khi€n cac dAu d6t.
;

't
''^
- He
thone
ehi lo:d0 rdc va tro. xi.

- HQ thong cua lo: cdp rdc theo me. giam th€ tich bu6ng dot.
'

i.
.1 I
rt ,
- ,,^
H€ thong ong khoi: 6ng khiri bu6ng d6t cAp 1 d€ phong cl-r6ngr 6p suAt hoi

dam bao an toan chdr no.

b) Cum xu lv khoi thai

nucrc qua cao.


-

HQ

rh6ng c6p khong khi b6n irong bu6ng dot c6 s61' kiiong khi den 107t'C

1

duoc gra nhi6t

;,
tu do nu'oc ). cap dr-icvi r,d tr€n n€n han ch€ dugc bUi ba1'. rdo trOn khong khi r or chAt char
trong qud trinh d6t t6t

hcvr-r

n6n d6t ch6.r, hoin todn licyn..

j

rr^
-r
- He
thottg sinh ho'i: tien iriurh

!;.'

nho' trao ddi nhiet gifr'a khoi trong bu6ng dot r o'i do nuc'c dat

trong tucrng bu6ng dot. tAn dung nhiet cira khoi d€ sinh hoi nuoc sau d6 dua di su'dung trong
cdng righ€ xu

.

lj.kh6i thAi o'X1'clon t6 hqp vi sinh

hoat.

- --^
H€ thong klri: bui ki6u Xy'clon t6 hqp thuc hi6r, khu'bui ki€u Xvclon kh6 co phun hcri nLroc
bo

r

sur.r-c

n€n dat hi€u qua khu bUi va giam nhanh nhiQt dQ kh6i thai. Qua nghierrt cuu e ltc

:,
n€uchrsudungXlclorrkhfrhiQuquakhubuichi
sung hi6u

daI<70oA nhungn€ucophunhcri nlr{)cb0

qui c6 tire dat d6n < 90%. d6ng tho'i co th6 han chti d6n mt'c thAp nhAt

thdnh Di6xin/Furan. CAn luu
Abfall',r,itschaft

-

tlrir

y theo tai li€u

srL

tdi lrirrh

B.Biliteu'ski. G.Hordtke. K.l\4areli:

Spinger Verlag 1994 cua CHLB Duc Dioxin/Furan ph6t sinir ra trons

bu6ng cl6f chAt tltaitireo birng sau:

Bing: Lug'ng Didxin/Furan phdt thii cta t Id tl6t rfc thinh ptrii 6'CI{LB f)u'c cdng

suAt

200.00Otin/nim

1.

l0g,'nin-r

Dioxin/Furan pl-r6t thai theo khoi

2. Di6xin/Furan phdt thdi tlieo bui

789/nim

3. Di6xintFuran ph6t thdi theo xi

4.8ginim

\ irhe i6n de khu bui tot giup qud trinh giam ph6t thai trong khoi tor hcvn
;

f-

c) HQ thong EZecro pha lodrig khoi:
H€ th6ng bao g6rn
qud trinh sAi

I

quat cAp kh6ng khi (luu luong lOrn-r/h: 5rnirh c6p khdng khi

bing ao nuoc ra dua rdo 2 buong dor. l5ntj'h

cAp clro pha

loing).

a1'r

lilc

ch
l..hirng

khi 2.05kPa. HC thdng thi6t br nir-v- cho phep t6n dung nhi6t cua khoi thai gia nhi0t cho l.hting
khi cAp cho qud trinh chal'hoirn toirn

hcn'r.

Mdt kh6c pira loing khoi thdi giup ha nhr0t di, lili6i

nhanh giup giam tai hinh thdnh Di6xin/Furan.

3. So'tl6 cdu trric ld tl6t CHU\ryA
CAu truc lo d6t

CHUWA gio'i thiQu

tr trinh sau:


rl:

:!.

:.i,r,L
!-j
*_

j,:

Lb itot nhiat phan hai buing cdng ngh€ coo .HIJWASTAR Yrhlt Btitt
4. D4c di6m chung cfia ld

- MoDE I:- IS

tl6t CHUWA

Lo dor CHLr\\.A co cac dac di€rl tieu bi€u sau:
j

1 ;

:

- -''Thiet kd tao ap suAt 6m trong budng d6t nhi€t phAn d€ khoi kliong bi trirn ra ngoiri lJri mcr cua

bu6ng d6t. Do do. ta co th€ bo rdc theo dinh

ki

trong khi d6t. nho do th6 tich c6c bu6ng d6l nho

r\i^
hon md vAn ning cong suAt xu ly.tu'20 -- 30 kg/ h. Ti6t kiem nhi6n ii€u. giarr chi phi vAn hanh.

ting hi0u qua kinh te. Tieu chf "6p su6t rim trorrg bu6ng d6t'' cing phir hclr r't,\am muc so 4.1.5 -

TCVN 7380: 2004.

- LugnS tro bay' sau khi dOt se duoc thu h6i hAu h6t bing h€ rhong cr clon t0 hop. bao danr ir
br,ri,

kh6i miru tring.
. i

.

^,.
- Co
he^ th6ng thodt phu trcr. khdc phuc tro luc cira khi thai tr€n du'cmg dAn kh6i tu' lo d€n ong

kh6i duy tri 6p sudt th6p tai cua d6 rdc viro, trdnh ngon lua- kh6i bi doi nguo-c tro'lai.

- Sdn lo co thi6t fe Oin khi. tranir tinh trang d6t am i. ndng cao hieru su6t d6t. ltac thai salr \u
i1' tro hoa toirn b6"

-

trong qud trinh d6t kh6ng c6n dio. han che tro bar.

I I

-.;
H€ thong di6u
khi6n hi0n dai. dC thao t6c: bao gdm c6c h0 th6ng dong cbt cdch lv. bao ve

qua ap: canh bao. ngat tu dQng khi co su c6. di6u khi6n tU dQng, hgn gio theo ngul'en tdc sau:


= DAu d6r ducvc cdi dat Irhiet d6 tnroc va vAn hanh theo ch€ dQ tu dong clong cat thdns cua
can rrhret

.

i a donq ho dieu lihi€n hierr so.

-

C6c bcnn quat di€u khi6n theo ch6 dQ dong cat thu cot'tg.

*

Cac ire th6ng an toan didu khi6n tireo ch6 do tg dong.

- Thi€t

l

l:

te to aOt to l-rorr hcrp khfii

ti.ruAn ti6n cho vi6c vdn chur'€n. lap dar. chi€nr

'llit
+

ir diCn tich.

lillh: tiii:t khuin llq. ri rirth.

(.|!rr 1tr{rl} r- i:,i lirng u:ll}i' i:irt:

. Brr,i:rg dtit srt !'6F
- Hrrii,rrg diit tJ:r'r uip. cti trlirr thrit br riit lrur:rcr d[ giirp rrhiet rlir
tlcrt biio trirr 100[J dc] fi du p]:il hrir IJiorin
Ilii,. rjii.n; rrrrr Lr: rlril:
- Srl drrrrg lin: rrutr: hro

thlnh gralrl
r:hrit ilir rf;anlr bin ngr,ii
nir: d:inr l:;lc, {r,)i th!) c!,)
\:h1u1g llitnnh

bL:11

,. -:,.:
lju"lrf

So

di

trgul:Q11

lti:r".r

l

JLt: \tl (!i:

t! cdu Qo li ddt CntlW,eSTAR li'hit Btin - X'IODE FI-S

- C6c tinh nang k! thu6t hoirn todn ddp ulg TCVN 7380:2004 1do Bo \-td r a tso Khoa hoc &
Clfrng ngh€ ban hdnh).

- Cdu tmc budng d6t bao g6m 2 iop thep

SS- 400,

o gifr'a co n'Iot lop nuoc lanr mit.

cltt,r'

tri

nhiet dq vo ngoai khi rnal'lroat d6ng drr dirr.h: 500C

- Xung quanh lcrp trong thAnh lo d6t du'oc khoan nhidu

15

nho thuc hiQn vi6c cung cdp khirng

khi nong. l2rm giau luong o x1'trong buiing dot. giup cho qud tnnh dot pltAIt lrurv rdrc tlrai" rr-t

l!

khoi thdi duoc thuc hi€n hoirn toirn vir hi6u qui.

- Nhi€r

dQ kJroi

thai duoc giam xuong 150

- 1700C truoc khi thai ra ngoai.'fi€u

r^,,
thdi dqt Qu1'chuAn khi thai lo d6t r6c )'te ( QCVN 02:2008lBTNMT )

- Vdn t0c kh6i thdi ra khoi 6ng khoi: 15 m/ gi6i'.
- D0 on trong khi lo hoat dQng: < 85 dB.
5. Nhirng tISqiti6m

ki thuit

ld d6t ctr6t

ttrii cHUwA

clruAn I'lroi


Nhirng ddc tinh

k! thuai co.bdn cua

Io d6t

CHU\\/A:

Lo dot ducyc thi6t ke OOne b,3 d6 dat duoc cdc
TCVN

731t0-100,+

CTRYT nhu'sau:

dtii roi l,r

dot

a) 2 khu dot tao thdnh 2 bu6ne dot:
- Nhi6t do d6t o'bu6ng d6t cap

- Nhi€t d6 d6t o vung d6t c6p

I dat g00_1000,C

2 dat 1050_1200

0C.

- Ap suAt trong buong dot arn -100 d6n _l50pa.
- Thcri gian luu ch61,kh6i lo tai r.ung d6t cAp
2 dat >1.-5s.
- Nhi6t d6 vo lo tai bu6ng d6t clip I <
0C.
50
- Nhi0t d6 kh6i ld khi ra khoi 6ng kh6i
dar <
- T6c d6 khoi thai khi ra kh6i 6ng khoi dar

2_50

,,C

de

ngin

ngu.a r6i sinh

l)ioxin.

15m,/s.

b) Hdu h€t nong clo cdc chdt 6 rrhia'r trong krroi
th6i.
oi-2oos
iila eo rN & Mr.
ec

br-ri deu

dat TC\.N 7-5(r0_100.i
'a)

c) Kh6ng khi dua I'do bu6ng cap I clu'oc s6y
n6ng th6ng qua lh€ th6ng trao doi rrlriclr tlir
trong tuong bu6ng d6t. khi viro bu6ng d6t co
nhi6t d6 105 -107r,c. lai drroc phdn h. d€Lr
trong kh6ng gian bu6ng d6t cdp Indn qu6 tlinh
d6t du.o-c di6n ra do'g cl€u
hi6r-r qua
'a
quii trinh d6t chal' l-roan toirn cao Va nhi€t do c0a
buong ctot cap I co rlr€ clar
t)O(r
,ran

-

10000c.

d) Do nhiet d0 cua bu6ng oot c6p

I

c6 th6 dat 1000 oc ne,l kh6'g

sia'

cua buo'g dor niil.

duoc chui'6n ti6p tu nhi€n kh6ng cdn v6ch ngan
sang 'u,ung kirdng gian dirt thu, cap n,ri
duoc d6t b6 sung bang dAu d6t cdp 2 ddt dAu Do
nen nhiet d6 ring 1u'1000 ic l€n 1.100
t'c.
e) Kh6ng gian vung dot cAp 2 ducrc keo dai d€n
h€t phan tru cua

c'clone ro hop racS 6Lri rr
t'c.
tr€n lo thu 2' noi mh nhiet do iu6n dat > 1050
Tht'i gian luu dor khoi rrrng Lh6ng gia'
ddt thri cdrp dat > 1,5s.

vci2

bu6ng d6t li€n th6ng s€

giip cho qua trinh ddt chdl'cirdt thai 1,t€ co 1hi€u chAr t,oc

qud trinh ch61, 6' dinh
d6 dang hcm. khoi thii thucrng it c6'rdu den.
'd
f) Kh6i thdi sau vung d6t cAp I duoc pha loang Voi kh6ng kiri
lanh o Eiecror rren orrlr
khoi' tlioi gian pha lodng oe he nhiQr dQ cua kh6i rhai < 2-500c
khoang 0.-i-l gi6r,. danr
bdo
ngua hAu h6t sg tdi sinh ltrcrrrg Di6xins d6 bi ph6n
hu! rr.ucrc dir
'gdn
g) chi phi r'4n hirnh cua lo d6t thAp. trung binh vcrRyr c6 do drn < 40uti,. ciri r,hi
ngur'On li€u sd dar 0.2 - 0.35 kg

diu DO/kg CTR.

h) cac tinh todn cho thdLl'lo d6t FIS crja c6ng ty
cHLi'\\'A co rh6 hoar dong gn dinh
'rii
c6c loai CTRYT lAm sang vd li€n quan c6 dQ
Am S 40% r,a co niri6t luong rieng 1f l-50t)
6000 Kcal/Kg

10


6. Ngul'6n

lf

cdng nghQ:

C6ng nghd xu

lj'

6p dung trong c6c lo d6t cua CHUWAR ducrc thuc hi€n theo ngur cu

lli' nhiQt ph6n vd aOt o nniet d6 cao

- Qua trinh xu'

nhim phdn hril' hiu h6t c6c chAt thai nguv hai:

lt: hao gorn 4 giai doan.

-- Giai doan 1: Phucmg ph6p nhi6t phdn: d6t phAn

-

Giai doan l: H€ tlrong

+ Giai doan 3: HQ thong
khn'bUi. xu

*

l,

huj ric o nhi6t dd cao.

xu'lj khoi thai bing cyclon to hcrp.
xu'lj

khoi thdi bing o,clon to hgp n€n co khdr

Di6xin/Furan dat ti€u chuin Viet Nam 656():1999.r,d QC 0l-1008.

Giai doan 4: Xu

lj tro bui dung quy trinh.

Qua trinh nhiQt phAn ducrc ti€n hanh trong budng d6t c6p
phAn

oth€ rin

r,a th€ long

I

cua lo nhinr chu-i i'rt ;.re tlrltilr

cia r6c thir thdnh th6 khi ( HC.CO. FIz...)

thi6t bi dAu ddt cAp 1 . Qu6 trinh nhiQt ph6n ducvc thuc hi€n
Sau d6

nhitt do };hoi.

nar-rg ha

o'

ni-ro r-rhi€t cung ctip' 1u

nhigt d0 tu' 800 - 1000''C'.
cr,ra drp suirl co

khi nhiQt phdn khoi chuydn dQng l0n buong d6t cap 2 du6'i tac dQng

hoc khi. T4i d|v nho nhi6t d0 cao ( 1000-1200"C ).nhiOt cung cdpr tu thi€t bt dau d0t thir

lugng khong khi c6p b6 sung, nhimg chAt ch61, tne

fni lu br-r6rrg cAp I

nhi6m hiru co' mach vong nhu Di6xin va Furan. PAH

sE

I

ru

l€n. k0 ea eic cltirt i'

bi dot cl'ra1' hau hct tao thanh (-O:.

H:o...--..
Lo d6t CHU\\rAR thoa n-rdn 4 1'€u t6 cAn thi6t trong cho su d6t chal hoatr toan chdr tlrai
d6c hai la: chAt 611'h6a. nhi€t d0 d6t(Tentperature)- thoi gian luu khi (Times). cuollg d6 xdo
.^ t. (Iurhulutct'\
lronrot

+ Oxygen ( O:):

Vi€c cAp 6xi' cho qud trinh d6t cha,v duoc thuc hiQn thong qua

n-r61 qr-rat

thoi gio

'Lrr'rng

dul,rri luong gio 20 m3/rrrin vd 6p su6t gio dat 2.05kPa. Dam bdo cung cip dri
'Lrong
lu'g.ng 6xy, cdn thiet vir cu'dng ctQ x6o trQn r6i Oe aOt chal' (6xr' ) hodrr toirn khi tirai

6p dam bdo

thanh phan khi nhi€r phdn. chu y€u ld

l{c. co

vd Hz thirnh

co:

vdr

H:o.

tri cao tu' 1000 - 1200 "(l co tdc durng br: gdr
cac li€n k€t hiru co mach vong dic bigt ld Dioxin. Irurans. PAH va lhn-r cl.ro phan u'ng o" htia

+

Nhigt itQ trong: nhiQt

dQ d6t ch6y dat gi6

xdv ra nhanh. mdnh li€t d€ chur en h6a hoirn todn thiinh c02 r'ir I-1.,o

+ Thdi gian:
La thoi gian luu khoi o trong buong ddt cAp 2 o lo d6t CFIUWARSTAR duo-c du', tri

duoi 1,5 gi6y, du dC phdn img 6xy h6a xdy ra tri€t d€. ddt hAu nhu iroan toan
khi nhiet phdn trong buong dot

cAP

crte tir.rnh 1'hirr

:.
11


* xfi li khf thii:

Qu6trinhxu'l- ciickhitrongkli6i thai nhu bui vdcdckhf SOr.NOr. llCl. Ill:...p63r
sinh do thirnh phAn rac vd nhi6n li€u dr"ra vdo duoc thilc hien qua rrot h€ thong

ru li

clir.trc

thiet kd clbc bi€t phu hop (xlclon to hAp) c6 xu dung phu'crng ph6p hdp thu. l-ieLr clrLra, khi
thdi da1 Qu1' chuAri khi tliai lo dot rac y t6 ( QCVN 02z}008lBTNMI'
mQ1 s6 rhdnh p6A'

),

nhu HCL. Cd, Hg duoc xu'ly,'hodn todn. hau nhu kh6ng phat hi€n
7. Liu cti1m

du'cyc.

cila COng nghf :

- Cdng ngh€ xu lv la c6ng ngli€ hi6n dai bao g6m dAy du cdc qur trinh xu,

11,

dr.roc rri..1r di cdc

ioai r6c thdi y t€. xu'lv du'oc rririeu loai r6c thai y t€ k€ ca bdnh phAm. r'At sdc nhon. hoa chir.
duoc phdm...d6t chal' hAu h6t cac vi khuin gd1, b€nh...
- Kh6ng gd1' 6 nhi6m cuc b6 r.a 6 nhi6m thu c6p, it tro.

- Cac thi€t bi duoi-ch€ tao d6ng b0, tU'dQng. bdn tu dQng. tlru cong gon nhe chi€m ir khring
gian

r,2r

di6n tich. phu lic.rp voi rnoi didu ki€n cua bdnh vidn.

- Lap dAt thi€t bi dcrn gidn. gon nhe vd thuAn ti€n.
- Chi phi vAn hanh thAp.
- Xu

lj tri€t d€ c6c hcri. kiri d6c hai. dhc bi€t uu di6m noi troi cr,ra cong nghe rrav lir ru lr i,:hu'

duoc DioxitVFuran khi dot o nhiet d.; >'8000C r,a phdn

hui o >10r30()C

sau do ha nhar-rl.r ;rliier

d6 cua kh6i tr6nh t6i irinh thanh Didxin/Furan. Lo dot Fl-S cua Nhat Ban hoar c10ng llreo co
ch6 lem ngudi kh6i lo xu6ng 200 - 400"C trong 0,5-1 gi6l,tranir duoc su t6i sinh

8. Ciiu trilc cfia

h itit

Di6rin.

rtic thdi Chuh,a:

- D4c di6m thu nhdt cua io dot rdc thai Churva ld chung quanh |) dot ru trong ra nsoai bao
g6m: lop thep (chiu nhi6t. chiu 6p vd chong dn mon cao). lop nuoc. lcrp thep. lop

.\miing.

lrip

kirn loai. Lcrp 6o nuoc c6 t6c dung giirp cho thAnh b€rr ngoiri cua lo khong qu6 rrb6o tu6i tho cho ld vd an todn cho ngruoi sil dung. Lcrp 6o nucrc nav c6 kha r-rir-ie sinh hoi
nu'oc su dung cho nhieu nluc dich khdc nhau: su' dung trolrg c'ac he thong khLl hui kiiLr

Xl clon to hqp. nu'oc tim.....

- Dac di€m thir 2 cua lo d6t la b€n trong thdnh ld lirp thep va 6o nu'crc duo-c rhi€r lt€ lip
cdc 6ng (bing thep chiu ap. chfu nhi6t vd chiu

in

mon.1 d€ khfrng

khi di qua nlrdn

nl.rier

Car

lr-rr-.,n{-l

cira nuoc ndng nhi6t d6 kh6rrg khf l€n khodng 100-1070C. Khong khi duoc thoj crLting l-uc

boi qu4t trung 6p duoc gan b6n canh thdnh m61'. Khong khi girip cho nhi€t do huong t:liar
c6p

I

cao. khong nhirng giup cho r6c. tkrdi duoc ch6y hodn toirn i'd nhanh ch6ng mir con giup

12


tiet kiem niri€n lieu khong plrai su'dung th6m ddu trong qud trinh chdr'. i.r-htr nlriet

clO

clirt

,.:ao

trong moi truo'ng khong khi cuirng b0'c ndn kr dot r6c Chirvra har.r nlrLl it phat sinh ra Lhoi ,lcn.

- Dac diOm
rt

tl-ru' 3 cua

lo dot r6c ld co h€ thdng diu d6t lip dat tai bu6ng cAp 1 i'i buirng cap

1.

r:

"l
Hai' dau
dot rral co nl-ri€m vu cung cAp nhi€t b6 sung cho qu6 trinh d6t riic do co dd Am c,ao.

nhi6t tri thAp vd lu6n thal' d6i.

- Eac di€m thu'4 cua Io dot la co he th6ng thu h6i tro. bui theo cAr-r trirc C1'clon

1o

hop giup

gom tro tri€t d6. co quat th6i kli6ng kiri giirp gidm nhiet do ]ihoi thai ttr tr€n 1000('(l rlr,.ins
duoi 2000C d6 trar* Dioxin tdi sinh.

I\/. CAM KET TU CUA CHUWA-STAR
r
" rl-Trai
dat darrg

nong ddn l€n

r'?r

nhfrrrg v6n d€ r,€ bao r'€ mdi truong dang ld de tai tru'c

xtc vd ducvc tranh luAn rAt ga1'gat tr€rr th€ gi6'i. ddc bi€t trong hQi nghi ue bien d6i lih, hAu
di6n ra taiCopenhaghen ngirl' 7- 12-2009 vira qua voi su tiram gia cua 192 qu6c gia.

Chung t6i. nhirng nguoi ldm trorrg iinh vuc ni6i truong nlrAn th61' rang d€ grir -uin tdi
ngu1,'en thi m5i nguo'i cAn phai: Su dgng ti6t kiQm, tdi su dung vd tai ch€ (Reduce. Re-use.
Recl'le).

Mic du c6 gang gin git' nhu r,6\'. nliung tr€n thuc t0 r'ln srin sinh ra rdt nhiSu rac lhai
anh iruong ngirl' cang nghi€m trong

toi m6i truong. fodn Cong tv Cliruu'a vo'i "Kinr cht Ira.tl"

la gin giir m6i trucrng trong. sach. dep

di

r,'a

dang gop phAn vao vi€c bdo r'€ n-roi truong.

Nghi€n cuu cho th51'. tron-e lTnh vuc xu

15"

chdt thdi

rin

1'

t0. rac thdi cong nghr€p. ddc

bi€t la rdc thdi c6 chu'a chdt ngul hai thi cdng ngh€ d6t ducrc d6nir gi6 lir tru r'i6t nhat so

r o'i

cdc c6ng ngh€ kh6c nhu cong ngl're carbon li6a. c6ng righ6 r,i sorrg l'ra1'c6ng ngh€ hdp...

\i i€t Narn dang tr6n da phat tri0n nianh mE vd vArr dd 6 nhi6nr nToi tluong la diiLr klttlrtr:
the tr6nh khoi. Trong do. r6c thai 1't6 vd c6ng nghiQp tro thirnh mOt vAn dd darig lo ngai 't'oi
c6ng ngh€ d6t hiQn dai. sau khi hqp tac voi C6ng ty Cd phin Ti€n b0 Quoc te (AIC). (-dng tr

;'

ban hang doc qu1'€n cua Chuu'a da lap

dit

s6n phAm o rat nhieu tinh thar-rh trong ca nutic va

duoc ddnh gia rAt cao khi g6p phAn vdc viQc xu ly ch6t thai

rin v td vd chAt thAi ngul'hai.

bAo

r,6 m6i trucmg cho dia phucrng.

Voi ld d6t rac thii 1't€ cua Chuwa dang duoc dung r6ng rdi o NhAt Birn vd tr€n thc gio'i.
chirng t6i cam k6t sAn xu6t nhfr'ng thiOt bi dat ti€u chudn. phu hcrp vcri phdp luit *r nri.,i q,r,,.
gia vd voi kinh nghi€rl

di

co. chfng trii tin ring se g6p mot phAn corrg suc nho be I ao r iec

gin giir m6i trucrng trong sach o ViQt Nam.

IJ


B€n canh do. sau hQi thao cua 86 Khoa hoc vd C6ng n-eh0. ('ong
xuAt Nh6t Ban ti6p thu c6c dong g6p cua HQi dong. hai ben dd ngliien
6n

cii ti6n hQ th6ng xu 15: khtri thdi thec, cdc hud'ng
a) Cai tien so do ngul'en

t1'AI('rtt

trhiL san

cfu va dua ra phtLtmt

sau:

l. : qua nghiCn cuu Cong

t1,

AIC

r a nhd san xuAl

\h0t

fliLn

du ki6n lua chon so do ngul'6n ly cai tien theo rno hinh sau:

Hoi nuoc

-]

TR cinlr

lr

---t----I

ri |

-Y

Klrong khi
.

',

-

BD c6p 2

Nhi6n lieu

Xrclorr
khLl hur

:

L hLtl thut

AihiAn lieu

BD cAp

I

TB

Kh6ng khi

s61'

kh6ng khi
EZectcr

tr-tr: l
( Ban t,d

ftiAt ke cua Io Chuu'a dd cai ti€n

So'tI6 ngul'6n

lf

Th6p rua dd duoc nghi€n cuu

theo cOng nghQ

l-

s'd

gtri

kint t,dn ban ndt')

cii ti6n cua Id CItLiWA

thuy6t vd thi6t k€ k!' thuat du'ctc th6 hi€n lrong phur lr-rc.

Cdc bucrc ti€p theo s€ lir:

Chirlg t6i
ri

r

sE

ti6n hanh rinh toAn lai cAn bing r'6t chAt. cdn bang nhi€t. cAn bang k ri

dQng d€ darn bao ap

luc dm trong bu6ng

cl6t.

Tir d6 s€ ch6 tao thu thdp rua d€ chul'6n sang Vi6t Narn d€i lip dat r a r an hanh thi
..l

olem

-

Do dac khiro sdt v6n hirnh thuc tti. ti6n hanh diAu chinh.

-

Dua viro tri6n khai rQng

rii.

Chri 1i: Khi ung dung thfp rua:

-

Su dung dung dicli hod chat su dung

l2r

NaOH

ioi

rrorlg di' thich

[gp:

1.1


Khd nang xu'lv nliu sau:

Dung dich ki6rn trD': S. Cl. P
HCI + NaOH --* NaCl + H"O
SO, + NaOH

--

Na"SO: + H.O

P"O. + NaOH--- Na,PO* + H,O

b)

Lua chon th€m qul,trinh r'6u htinh

Lo d6t CHUWA co th€ ti6n hanh theo c6c quy'trinh vAn hdnl.r tlreo 2 phuong an sau:

+ Van hdnh theo ch€ d6 ngu6i: Phurmg 6n nirl'6p dpng kiri d6t riic do dnr nho va tntng b]nh.
Truoc khi d6t co th€ cAp m6t me r6c. khi bat ddu d6t b4r dau Oi;t cAp 2 dur dat din nhil't dir

khodng 400--500irc.-sau d6 bat dAu d6t c6'p 1 r'd dua vdo vAn hirnh binh thucrr.rg.

+ \/6n hirnh theo cne Og nong: Phucmg phap ndy ap dgng klii dor r6c tirai do irl cao.
khi d6t kh6ng cAp r6c vdo bu6ng d6t md phdi bat cd 2 dAu ddt.

khi nhiet der dAu dit

'lt'lrttc

cAp

I

ddn nhi6t dQ khoAng 400-5000C vd dAu d6t cAp 2 dat nhi€t d0 khoang 500-60t)('C khi do

cip r6c ni€ thu' nh6t. sau do dua r'ro
dfit

ducl-c

o,4r.r

hdnh binh thutrng. Nhr\' gia nhi01 lrtttic n['lt

dat

;rtri

l^'ttt.,tr:'.

s61'nong cao n€n r6c ucyt dua vao duoc gia nhiOt niranh giup cho qua trrnir biit lur

nhanh ho'n vd d6 ddne hcrn.

+ Thay kim phun trong dAu OOt: OOi voi nhing b€nh r,'ien rac thai clua ucrl nha san rurt t'tcltt
lip ddt diu d6t c6 c6ng ruAt COt tang l€n tt 10-15% hodc thal'kirrr phun o'mirc 90ei, ( bi€n
phap nay,ddi khi khoi sE d6 bi den).

+ H6n hqp tli€m gid'y kh6- 96 loai bii nho.... vdo trong rilc ucn theo tv l€ toi da 3 :

I t i r:jc Ltti't.

.;
r r ^,
l gla) noac goi Kno).

,

V- CAC

riXU TOAN TrIO PHOXG VE PHAT THAI CUN IO CHUWA, KEl

I,I.,,!N

VA KIEN NGHI CUA CHUNG TOT
a- K6t qud tinh to6n m6 phong ph6t thdi cua lo Chuu,a- star
U

duo.

c gu'i trong phu lurc djtth I'r-'tll

- Xtit lufln vh ki6n nghi cria chtng t6i
'
I
t"
\rl'J" (c6 do itm 25 -40%. d6 tro 5-20.%
vcvi r6c thdi 1' t€ '^'
1. D6i
it'

Chuu'a hoirn todn dat TC\/N 7380-1004 AO; r'Oi lo dor rac thai

).c6c

I t6.

15


2.

Neu van hanh dung (rdc thai dua vao

c16u ctan

. clucrc can rJoi v€ d0 dnr lhco trong

khuon kho ddu bai thiet k6 cua lo) thi cdc thong so ve klii thai sE d6r-r dat

QC\'\

01-

2008.
'1

Trong c6c truong hqp c6 biet (van hdnh lo kh0ng dung. hoic rdc tlrdi co d0 inr qud
cao > 407o.ld dat o noi ddng dAn cu...) mOt so thong s6 co th€
y

\'uot so I'oi QC\,'N

(chLr

€u HCl. CO). Trong trucrng hqp ndy chring t6i d€ nghi:

- Thii' nhAt la tang cucrng dic biet trong ddo tao ki€n thuc

r,'ir

qui trinh r'6n hanlr

cl.iir

cdn bQ vdn hirnh truc ti6p: huorrg dAn vi€c dinh lrrong vd phoi tr6n thenr c6c r6c liho
bd sung r.'ao r6c uot tru'oc khi cho vdo ld d6t( Nhu th6m gilil' .'ur-r. 96 r'r.tn...)

- Thu 2 ld: N6u dd chir j, khdu vdn hdnh diurg k! thuit. phoi tron rdc co tv l€ lrrong
ung nhu khuy6n c6o cua ch0ng t6i md k6t qua quan trdc cho thAl'r'An thuo'ng ru.,€t'r

khong dat
ta

y'Ou

.Au t'd c6c qui chuAn khi thAi thi n6n b6 surrg thdp ru'a khi( Nhudri rr0

)..,,

lrong phgl trinh bdr cong nghe)

A
Nhd phAn ptiO; AtC cin tlng cuong dho tao vdn l-rirnh cho cdn b0
-,

k,

thudt r ir tring

cucmg do dat ki6m tra de khdng ngung ndng cao kiOn thirc cua c6c B€nh vi€n lrong
vi€c xu'U chAt th6i

rln

1'

t€ bing phuong ph6p d6t.

c0x<; r-\'r'NHIr collc NGI{E
CHUWASTAR

.TONG

GIAN{ DOC
1

(,iii
I

1
I

\,,/
\/-

\

t^**Ot'

I

\

1

i ,i 1pr-.9-z

KUNIAKI I\{AO

to

Phu luc cic tinh

toin m0 ph6ng phrlt thei cria ld Odt CHTIWASTAR

Sau buoi bdo c6o tai BO

R6c

thdi khi su'dung lo d6t Chuu,a trong clieu kien Viet Nan-r.

thii y tO c6c BQnh vi6n da khoa (BVDK)

6m:
D6 tro:
:

Do
h^

Ham lu'cmg:

:

s€ cti

thinh phAn nhu'sau (1.2):

20-40%
5-20%

C:
H:
O:
N:
S:
Cl:

35-47oA
4,5-6oh
14,5-19,7oA

0.55-0,75oh
0.1 1-0.1 5%

),7-3,90/o

| ..

I

|

.,

,

,

Phdn m€m rno^ phong dua theo c6c tinh to6n thi6t k€ cua Cong

^,

(3) de tinh c6c thong

). . ,:

t1'

tinh to6n m6 phong (7) de x6c dinh cAc thon,s, so l
Chur.r,a da bd sung c6c
ciu-rg nl-ru'kl-ri

Khoahoc & Cong nghe ngiy 18/1/1010. Cong

sO

ty

1

tv Chuu,a

thu6t cua lo dot nhArn so sanh vo'i l'C\,'N 7380-1004

.:

i'€ lo dot chat thdi rdn y te cua Vi0t Narn.

K6t qui cho thdy': Trong tAtca c6c r,'ung thanh phAn cia r6c y tc tr0n dA);cdc

"
^r
lo Chuwa
d6u dat ti€u chuAn TCVN 7380-2004:
thons so ki- thudt cua
I

t

rr

.'

Nhi€t d6 buong dot c6p mot

I

Nhi€t d6 bu6ng dot c6p hai

900-I050 "c
I

050- 1250

(TC\rN > 800

"Cr)

(TC\N > 1050 c)

Tho'i gian luu dot khoi o \rung nhiqt d0

<1050

0c

NhiQt d6 r'o lo

| 1,5-1,7 t

(TCVN

1.5 s)

<50"c

(TC\,rl\r

isotr

145-155

i (1'c\,T,1 <

jjo

"ari


\rdn de ong khoi (Lo Chuwa H: 4,5rn so r,

chinh

OOi

I-l:

Snr

) cci rhe iriiu

vOi nhirng noi c6 di€n tfch hep, gan nhA dAn.

o6i vO'i cdc thirnh phin khi thii:
C6c tfnh toan su'dUng 2 phucrng ph6p tinh todn:

l.

Phuong phap truyen thong (4,5)

2.

Phuong ph6p su' dung dinh muc phat thrii (l}nission Iiaclors) doi r cri cac lo

dot ch6t thAi y tC co nhidu budng d6t: Oay lir phu'ong phap pho bi0n rai N1j
vd nhidu nuo'c phat tri6n (61
C6c tinh to6n cho thdry: OOi vO'i rnoi thdnh phAn r6c thai y' te n6u trOn dd tinl.r
thanh phAn cde-khi thai chu 1'6u (NOx, CO, SOx, F{Cl. bui) trong kh6i lo

roAr-r

(khoi ld

cua lo Churva c6ng suAt Ch6Lt thai r6n 20kg/h ndrn trong khodng 1400-1,t50

*t/h)

co nhi6t dQ > 6000C truoc khi duo-c ha nhiet):

.,t

K€t qud so vo'i QC\/N 02-2008 cua Bd TN&MT:

)

ur ( rng/ln

<

CO (rngAn')

40:92

NOr (rrg/m')

16

HCI (rng/m')

80:

143

aC\,Tl n

S02 (rng/m')

38

80

QC\IN < 300

+ 120

QC\,TJ

100

QC\,'l.i < 250
00

Dioxin vd c6c kirn loai nang Cd, Pb, Hg d€u va dat QC\N cua I]o'l-n-&lvll'.

Thi li6u tham khio:
(l)Experimentation of waste Inceneration in Lithuania and Singularitics rrf

Air

Pollutants

fonnation

management 2003.

Environment research. enp.ineerins.

and

N"l (23) p44-53.

(2)Handbook operation and Mattenance

of

hospital medical \\astc

Incenerators// United State EPA 1990.

(3)Tinh to6n nhi6t cua lo dot Chuwa Fls

- Ct1,'Chur.r,a NhAt llan 2009


(4)Pham Ngg. Ding

- M6i trudng kh6ng khi - NXII KI-{&K'I-t ta NOi rram

1997

(5)Cross FL, Handbook of Air pollution Contlol. 'l-echnomic. USA l!)73

(6)Air Pollution Emission Factors for Medical rvaste Incenerators * Dar icJ
Cooper University of Florida (lenter fbr Solid hazardous \^'asLC
management. Orlando Florida

Nov 1991.

(7)Bien b6n c6c ket qua tinh to6n rn6 phong Lo Chuu,a


,l

li

I
2

CONC

SiAT :C )CT
C.A criAT THAr

= 20.OO 2C.A0 ?i).i)i) Z(t.lt:
20.00 25.00 Jt.ci
35.c0
^'(!')-

iKG/H)

DC AM

3

DC TRC

1 HAM:uoNG ,'o*r:r-_ "":i;i= ,1.i3 ,i.Z\' ,;
H(t)=
5.80

5 !lAI'{:'-r-1}.1: itjDRCGEI,J
6 .iA]{ iitfN-:
!.1. rFr\
-J,\!-r !):ylrlJ
rAiC LICN-G l,t ITO
iAtv, i,r,Jl\rj l,U:-t llr.ryl\rii

c

9 iAr{
!l''

r,-rJNG

iiH

:i:2

ala

Nirlr rFr rl*p

TRi TrriErh:E

i.,z.\)
KCA-//KG
iiKaL.:

r^...u

5.4C

.r? lc
7l .15
0.6g
O.14

l9.ai
19.Ci
0.73
O. i5

cii?)=

TF.r aAC

NHIET

O(?)=
o(!.)=
Nl:)=

S i!;: i =

3.16

_A.)
A- .69
.
=494],
^

=;;;;.;;

^dj
iKCAL/KG)=45i
TI-tui'ET iNmj/KG) =

4.49

i;l ,,4.(.aii
5.0..r

_.^
tr'
16.t,4
.t 6i
Lr. i:

3.50 j.24
41 426a .2i

:,,,r.

rir

40.fi

ir

,,

,1

4.-

f5.12
. f,_
a. r2

lj.al
n r.

2.'rt

46C6 .

.:?24 . i) _., :,!,F2 ..a-,

41

::465.o3 _:i16.i,rL

;iii.l, :;;i.;i ;i;i.?;
54.8r 3E75.25

tii2

?,

--1 NIi- C!.'J KI( -l
5.4j
5.09 4.,-2 4.,)4 _.r.9i:
11 Nii':i :.1.'.1 KK T'ticTtr lNmiiKGshi)= 5.i4
,1 .9.
5.35
1.,,€.. t.t(:,
r5 col'IG SUAT Qrlr Tlia'r ilj3/Mrr,i)= .2o.oo 20.ic
2r.ca
2i,.i.t(...
t.,t.a)::'€: Ti LE KI<
E;ucr+Gtor
tt,)= ic.45
9.i3
9.0r
?.29 -i .r:,"IA:-il Nl-lliT !C :-t,NG DoT SO CAF (oCt=1 I-)3.32 IIZ2.15
;A LUCNG NI-l IET ?UA Tl-itl,tH LO (?): 9.25 9.Ba \ia?.a: :a))a.19 i i rt.;:
-:9
1a.42 ,r.j2
nlFi'ET )i 3D1 THLr' TE
(oC)=, a,19.24 ra2:.69 i()t)6.21 yr6.62 rr.!r.,
9(:4.;,t,

2X I'JiiliT DC ts,rONG DCT THU CAp iaa')=i241.55 1262.8A
Ii,1g.96 i2ZI.()4 12.ai.,.(::,
-i.?t ,..:l
{:-)= e.10 s.24 ?.46
:;;:?i:::t::.!LrA\riLc
..'ra:- :), r,_L TH.:ra TE
ica)=li2a.ra, 1146.1rJ ll5l ..a_t :la4.t: l.-i./_.,
, : l{lIET Da: lt" XyaLO\
,ot j=i a.l .9i 1066. g5 t8
l:,
..).:, ii.2 .22 tir,. i . r,
24 ir'iiill !C (iOr TFrCC IJECTOR(oC)= E14.46 ?45.€l E1?.26
A,j2.?t t:t.).:,
:5 \'iiiET DC Ki'iCI SAt g;ua"OR (oC)= 138.39 l3j .9C
i:6.-:,5
I j2. Cl i2,J. ,.
26 l\riilir lo KHCI iA KIlcr Lo (oc)= 136.94
i-j4.92
.rc.6!
-36.46
:2?.:,€
2,- NCIiG:rC CXr'TFiCliG KICI LO (i)= j.99
_?.59 ri. jl
J:.2_i tr.2y
)

', 1

:;

-L r r-r

iM)= 1.0.j

i;,.,i..;;-:'::-

1.03

il'{)= 1r.58
M?1= C.51
'a

0.58
a.67

:1 :cr'r: sli.T Kti.r ?:,rA iD: l,,,r ii i = .i;
32 TlcIGIi.fi -tit:iiil
Kiio; Et2iSEC,= :.41

;

t.i--_
.:ir
).€.1
;.
i.,

.u

i1

i.41

,.!.ar

i.()i
r. u.]

r.i)-r
r.
-l-1
q
i,i,'.5i
. F..

!.:r
, . -.i
,.i
', (ti,

.:;

?,

-.:a

'.'^

,.,.r1

-?3 TiiorGI-L,N GrAt'{ i\lii-irDo Kiioi lsEC)= o.22
a.22 .).23 i.2-t
c. L4
34 \'ANTOC KH]I Fri Kllcj LC (M/S): 13.86 1_?.89
1:.36
i_).€l
1:,.6;
:j5 SiiI PHI DAJ ll-lO i KG CTR. (L/KG) = i).26 a.2j
A.21 i-,.2i i).24

US:J.qL METr-iOD:

1

ii5
ic3

DUST

2ca
3
I

n*Ox
u --

5

SC2

25ar

r0c
ifi

rOP,
a'-

F'l'4-l'rrST

2c0
J

I\UX

4

Hali

imglr'in3): 59.65

(mg/Nm3)= 99.15
inrg,/Nn31= 6i.31
img/t'im3)= 1Ci.56

AS

Na'

POL]

'.lr-l

tr

rng/ltm31:
:LII,]'

38.44

60.01 Cl.a9 64.ii
6i.,?
89.22 -t 9.62 -t 2.44 ;.:.a_)
6i .'i 4 e 2 .8i
6t .92 rrr . 6t
95.i2 89.6€. 86.59 6i.at9
-j6.01 :-:.94 32.;-2 3t.l,

MEiJiC]].IE I4]A-STE_BY

lnrgrkgl=

6.q.931

EI\4ISS

JOI.;'ACT'lF,-:

65.5C6

4

E_,
_tL.

4r.-'

, . 4:
,-

<: I0l

(mg.k9),= 56.357

a-- ara\

(mqlkq)= i6.569

<= i 0lt

taqikg)= 113.324 1r4.244 i26.i;:6

lnr

I

:, ..t .

-1.

ti',1,

.j

i22.2t:=,

:


lirQ

r,.a -

'.n i K.a) =

.,t
f

L ]F

(mg/ Kg ) =

il.

iaqikai=
;

irTlqil{a)=

i1'-

r.1i.i

E.l4tt
2t,.:tc:

-rz


] CONG SUAT LO DOT
2 fC AI"I C'JA :III,T TIA]

iKG/H)- 2a.al
hJ (:- ) =
2C. C0

'/

a\

a\

r'

2.i) .

2:.iii

.AF,Fr. "':,,,= -;.;;
;1. i3 li li i;'..';i
':::
.,r,=

:

i:: :::ll:
5 liAi{iialia:rilriOGEr,r
t

HAM l'tlN't
rvr\ r r---1
t\l - J
r,nrr
liAl,i
L'_r-.] ii r-,1,1!l

!
8

;
;il;r;,i; iia ''"u,0 Nirr.r

Ii
-'2
-i

i4

= ,..1t
"'',,o
_
a -.

\).tt
U.b5
__ 1,^ /1
-:'r-

llI!t./-!

iitaNc
r,Fr

TFI

T;ll:t::

r-,!

v:J:,I

-Jrr-r,

=

.;'.

-

q

'-L.-'

J.
:
-:.-:
il!.r - i,t.
01_

.4.4

^ :r
.

: r. ..,I

^;.: - ?::. :' l:
io.riioii::,1].lr,nri.J, oori.ii,,rl...ir,r'
ilirri.l/i.G't =4354.6g

cAC

j rrir'p
lr-i IErKt
iKCiL/i{Gr=4i51.68
i't.Lit a;.,_i (r l: Tit .rET ,t.,n,],,,KG,=
,.28
Nlil.l a;lj (i
rr-H.ET Tir

Nl'iIET

,.)

:r..rl),

-1

-X:GE\

iAM LJINI

-

:-t:

4l . .:'

rl.ln:,,KGSir,r =
l"j-t,zlvjll,jr=

:.6 TY LE KK tAC BUOI*GDOT

i:;J

E :q

.t

C.CUr

= lC. 09

!.:

4c05. ri6 J655. -r1

4oc5 .i)

i:,,J.12

2ga€.,

€, i6ta.14:*r,i-...., 2 2t.,..

4.?,
( ii

t.:_
_.

2i).1a,

zf .ili r

4.,:

,

9.31

.l

e.65

..,,...

_.

9,:

..: ...
,
.:-

)

-i NHIET DC BUfNG DCT SC CAp (cC)=i1i.8.31 ii1€,5a
__7:,.21 t:r t_. y-: _,,_it .::
1E LUOIIG NIiiET QUA THt-tiH;C
tZ:= 9.49 la.!8
,0._r
i:.4r.
!..:,1
\9 NHIET DO Et, Ti-illc TI
\aC):"_A-12.22 iCl 5.g5 ij9,_.4\ ,a,_6.64 g52.1?
-:.r rlt cAF vac\=1it:c.21 126r.e4 1ir78.5J _::r .€i ,2:1..1!,
:i I:;:l
::.::-1i.
I'rgrr"rc L!i---a
ilA \': LC
1i.)=
9.29
9.14

9.6,i
i:.ii
r:r .4r
,oCr="
22 NHIET lrO Bl2 lHit: Ta
i25.C2 i:42.?5 ll54 .9: r,,i.-,€. 11,.,,_._!;
2? NHIET fa) lAl i:\'al,aN
io,tr=i r42.6e i116_.t 1 !li1 .a: * _,6-.a,i .t- {:.2i.

825.4: s,r6.5: ?4...,i, :22.c: r:,.,
:: ::f::
:::.:_::::JR(oc'=
.\r,-L1 ?::::1
LU r.n-_ i!.L,:-t )r
oi)= 136.22 ---:5. ._2
1.1,: ,1,.[r:
.: ..,.,.
2b r*lliEl DC KHOI F.A K-iCi ;C ioCl= r 31 . jt ;3r,.Zt :?2.2t NCI'r'G -,r' cxi rF.,rfiG r.:a] -r ..:)= ?.a€- g.-a :r.1al: -2.i .2_ ,z_- . ):
r.'..1r ,:.5-:,
L_.

jr .ollc

!'.r.r.::-

Slri.T r.ij:.t

,rc:,i;:

;.;i

THCICTAIi clAI,l NriI:TDC KilC, (SEa)=

KIICI

KiiCI LO
iMrS ) =
CHI P!: DAr- Ci.{C , K.- C:F. iIlKG]=
\:ANTOC

RL_

GAS-CONTENTS'AL:LILATED

1

BY USUT,L

DU.qT

,l
4
5

I

HCL

I

ingi

Ji

SO2

A

Ual

=

lim3 ) =

lmgrNnr3)=
l,:.,

\rn.,
r\v^

i

Nrr,,3 )

in.q/Nn3)=

NCx

?
J

mg

d:

L\vj

,.i,'

,r:.i

',,).1-.:

rj.5l
L.Z\

I4ETHOD:

lnrgi Nm3)=

2cc

J.ZJ
t,
l).
'_\ ltr
\i.1-t

;.;,

a1

.4t

,-

9tr.39

- li

lir.5,5
6-. I:.1

62:..86

ici) .44
3?.c2

81 .

9'.)

,12.r,-

IYEi)ICrliE i^rA.STE-Ey EM;SSIrll'.1 fli:.i.,rF.!

)=

1-r5

(trigi kg

t cc

(nqikgi,= 55.i35

52.A1

250

(riqlk.g)-- i6.-r86

15. rC9

ti!

(rng,/ kq \

69.765

o1 . al I

j

= 74"-.142 132.43J

t,at - /' 2

4'c . 9'-:

:24

:

15.:-t

:.j.1.r"

4=.1€r2 4!.r;'.

.49,, ,I.i

.931


SOx (a-s

l

PM-

2

CC

3

NOx

1

HCI

I

SOx

)l,l:rT

ias

NCI
:L.
?i

ias

SCZ

l

.'tl,-

ta.

i:' r.

-'

F.ESI-TLT OF

FCF. JN'ENERATCR. F1S_CHUWA
STAR

".i:I,]LATIO],J
1 ccllc stAT io DCT
2 Do Al{ a-,A aHi-T THAj

I

ii(c/H)=, 20.00 2c. Ot) 21.r0
, j=
",r
^:f

nhivr t ,rJN! aAF.BON

: ;iil :;:na iif|:s..
r..

rr,nr:r

r.lr.F

rFt

.

2) an

4u.r,!

I

/ !, \ _

:jji_

?E. ..,
zt.JLr

-.ri,ii.,

2t)

.t)i

:,-a,ir..

.i,ii i:;s 'i ;i '; i;

'?

i',

y.ri.LtKG)=4ri)4.81

3845.;i;,iil .i: ,ril Z::?ii ,.,
i' i,;:
i: :,i.::.e - ::4;, i i 2,,r,, ;:

,r,.,i)i;lfi,= : ,; ;.i; i.:i ;.;: .-,,
:'5 coNG su-lr
TtcLr-rzri,i,=
2A.AA zc.oo 2r -i)ir 2i,.a:;)
t6 TyrEKK.vAoBuorucljjr

..:;;'4";..;.':;';iirr, -;;1li;,
:1
i4 NHL, cAr on ,nu.ir'"

=qt,:t',q

QUF-T

if,:

s.13

9.01

r

i.,)c

r!,i,!.)>

2a.:ji

rEr

!t,,ti:!.r-r

_j!

i).1_r;

21 r'rirr'T D3 (rcr TFric,l E,-icrcF: ioC)=
31{;.07 ?21 .i6 E.:,(..:,? i-:2.=.r ri., .;r ;
25 NHIET DC KliSr SAL] s;5a-9F {oc)=
"r
i34
.00 l:,.ig
1-ji. 35 !2_ .2.t r.4..t 26 NHIET )C KHIT RA r.iilai Lo foC;=
1 3,.5i
i32.aC i-tt.4 i :25.?,t
:r__::l:_::_::l_:1:i:1:: ::] r: = a 14 e 8r ,, 61 ,3 6r It-).a::
i5 ].
-----------,--------

.,

Cj]lf

ii;3 ;.,';.

CAS_COI.JTENTS

:AI'ULATE:, P,Y USUAL

r uu:r

(=
i15
2CC
3 NOx
4 HCL
:--:::--- -- --1;--,::t
i

PM-lrr^.n

\-

2co
?

-

n1.,
L!!1. r-^
d:

l,

rr 1_
ff! -

\-

rr^
L\J

I

1f

- -l

!

<= 25C

METHOD:

inElNm3)=

iC)4.-tj 105.0J i0;.;, i ,.::2.6a

115.€_r
a, -: .
r_,

-t.:.

"' t".- i =

-rr '

57 j5. "i1 :2. E2 :r.\ j

(n9,,'kg)= 58.353 63.690 a9.-i0t

ing/kg)-. 55.rl81 51.32r 4a.i0t
trl/ K.c') = ir.'194 15. alg9
,4.144
\nqikq) = -40.0j9 :3C,.52.-

a

-'

.:,

il .4:,t

2.t.:.

-) . .'
- . ilt.t

4€,,.222
L J

. .. -J I

E /.,

L',

'-..t,

:-