INVERSION ĐẢO NGỮ NÂNG CAO PHẦN 2

KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG

INVERSION – ĐẢO NGỮ - P2
5. Đảo ngữ với: No sooner …. Than; Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely…. When/before ( Vừa mới ….thì…)
No sooner + Auxiliary + S + V + than + clause
Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely + Auxiliary + S + V + when/before + clause.
I had no sooner arrived home than the phone rang. => No sooner had I arrived home than the phone
rang.
I had hardly arrived home when the phone rang. => Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.
1/ He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2/She just had time to put up her umbrella before the rain came down in torrents.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
3/She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her.
Hardly……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4/ Someone rang the alarm as soon as the burglars left the building.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
5/ Tear gas was released as soon as the thieves touched the safe.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
6/ Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor fell ill.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
7.I had hardly put the phone down when the boss rang back.
Hardly……………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.She had hardly begun her performance when the light went out.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Đảo ngữ với Not only……. but ….also (không những……. mà còn…..)
Not only + auxiliary + S + Verb (inf) + but ……. Also…
Eg. He is not only good at English but he can also draw very well.=> Not only is he good at English but
he can also draw very well.
Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly.
7. Đảo ngữ với SO và SUCH:

a/ Đảo ngữ với SO:
So + adj/adv + Au + S + that + clause
He worked so hard that he forgot his lunch.
 So hard did he work that he forgot his lunch.
The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
 So popular is the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
1. It is so hot that you can fry an egg on the pavement.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Her grief was so great that she almost fainted.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………


KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG
4. She became so suspicious that she didn’t believe whatever her husband said.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………..
5. He walked so quickly that I couldn’t keep up with him.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. He spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear him.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. He drove so carelessly that he caused twenty four accidents while he was learning to drive.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.We got home so late that it was not worth going to bed.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b/ Đảo ngữ với SUCH:
Such + Be + Noun + that + clause
The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
 Such is the popularity of the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night.

She is so beautiful that I can’t take my eyes off her.
 Such is her beauty that I can’t take my eyes off her.
Notes: Trong trường hợp Be + so much/ great  Such + be + Noun ( S)
The force of the storm was so great that trees were uprooted
Such was the force of the storm that trees were uprooted.
Her grief is so great that she almost fainted.
 Such is her grief that she almost fainted.
1. He was so intelligent that he could answer all the questions in “ Who wants to become a
millionaire?”
Such………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. She is so attractive that many boys follow her.
Such………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. The hurricane winds were so strong that no building in the town escaped damage.
Such………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.Đảo ngữ với Not until/till ( then/ later)
Not until/till + Clause
+ Au + S + V
Then/later/ Adv of time
He couldn’t speak until he was 8.
It was not until he was 8 that he could speak.
Not until/till he was eight could he speak.
1. I didn’t know that I had lost my key until I got home.
It was not until…………………………………………………………………………………………..
Not until…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. He forgot about the gun until he got to the police station.
Not until…………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. He didn’t return to his country until last June.
Not till……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. The editor didn’t celebrate until he got promotion in writing.
Not until…………………………………………………………………………………………………

KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG
I didn’t know where I was till I asked a passer-by.
Not until…………………………………………………………………………………………………
It was onlt when the office phoned me that I found out about the meeting.
Not until…………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Đảo ngữ với neither/nor và so.
Khi NEITHER/NOR đứng ở đầu một mệnh đề thì ta thực hiện đảo ngữ. NEITHER/NOR dùng
cho câu phủ định, còn SO dùng cho câu khẳng định.
Eg:
They don't like meat, and neither/nor do I. I can’t sing nor can I play any musical instruments.
I don’t like him, nor do I hate him.
She can play the guitar, and so can I.
10. Đảo ngữ với NOWHERE
Nowhere + Au + S + V
You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs Jones.
Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones.
Nowhere in the world is the climate as rough as that in the North Pole.
Nowhere do I feel as comfortable as I do at home.
11. Đảo ngữ trong so sánh với as và than.
Eg:
The cake was excellent, as was the coffee, (or the coffee was)
I thought,'as did my friend, that the exam would be difficult, (or as my friend did)
Germany has more company—cars on its roads than does France, [or than France (does)]
Notes:
Ta thường dùng đảo ngữ sau AS va THAN trong ngôn ngữ viết trang trọng (formal written
language).
Không dùng đảo ngữ khi chủ ngữ là đại từ (pronoun).
Eg:

We now know a lot more about the Universe than we did ten years ago ( không dùng than did we
ten years ago)
12.Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện (Inversion in Conditional Sentences)
Trong câu điều kiện ta chỉ thực hiện đảo ngữ ở mệnh đề với If (If clause). Với mỗi loại câu điều
kiện, ta có từng cách đảo ngữ riêng.
a. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại I (type I)
If+S +(should)+ V . . . -> Should + S + Vinfinitive ...
Eg:
- If you should hear the fire'alarm, leave the building at once. Should you hear the fire
alarm, leave the building at once.
- If he has cheated, he will have to be punished.  Should he have cheated, he will have to
be punished.
b. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại II (type II).
* Câu có động từ "to be": If + S + were ...--> Were + S ...
Eg:
1. I f / were you, I wouldn't do that.  Were I you, I wouldn't do that.
2. If Alan were to eat breakfast, he wouldn't overeat at lunch.  Were Alan to eat breakfast, he
wouldn't overeat at lunch.


KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG
* Câu dùng động từ thường:
If + S + Ved/irregular verb  Were + S + to Vinfinitive ....
Eg:
If he worked more slowly, he wouldn't make many mistakes.
 Were he to work more slowly, he wouldn't make many mistakes.
c. Câu điều kiện loại III (type III)
If + S + had Ved2 .... Had + S + Ved2 ....
Eg:
If they had realized the danger, they would have done it differently.

 Had they realized the danger, they would have done it differently.
Notes: V6i những câu điều kiện phủ định, khi đảo ngữ ta để NOT sau chủ ngữ.
Eg:
- If you don't believe what I say, ask your mother.  Should you not believe what I say, ask
your mother.
- If she were not shy, she would enjoy parties.  Were she not shy, she would enjoy parties.
- If/ hadn't seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
 Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
13. Đảo ngữ sau các cụm trạng từ chỉ phương hướng và vị trí: ( Inversion after adverbial phrases
of direction and place)
Khi câu bắt đầu bằng một cụm trạng từ, đặc biệt là trạng từ chỉ phương hướng và vị trí thì nội động từ
thường được đảo lên trước chủ ngữ. Cách đảo ngữ này được sử dụng đặc biệt trong văn phong trang
trọng. ( formal) hoặc văn chương ( literary)
Eg.
David began to open the three parcels. Inside the first was a dictionary from his uncle.
Above the fireplace was a portrait of Lenin.
In an armchair sat his mother.
Notes:
- Động từ TO BE thường được sử dụng trong dạng đảo ngữ này, ngoài ra ta còn dùng các động từ
chuyển động như” climb, come, fly,go, hang, lie, run, sit, stand…
- Thường chỉ dùng dạng đảo ngữ này khi động từ ở thì quá khứ đơn giản.
- Trong trường hợp đảo ngữ này, không sử dụng trợ động từ như trong câu hỏi mà dùng trực tiếp động
từ đặt trước chủ ngữ.
- Không thực hiện đảo ngữ khi chủ ngữ là đại từ. ( pronoun)
Eg: Không dùng : In an armchair sat she.
* Emphasizing form:
Come in, please  Do come in, please.
I went out last night  I did go out last night.
It is/ was + Emphatic part + that + clause + Verb
Shakespeare wrote Hamlet  It was Shakespeare that wrote Hamlet.