Xử lý ô nhiễm môi trường mô hình hóa quá trình thiết bị công nghệ môi trường và một số kết quả ứng dụng

Tiiu ban: Moi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng

ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7

XtT LY 6 NHIEM MOI TRlTOfNG
MO HINH HOA QUA TRINH THIET BI CONG NGHE MOI TRlTONG
VA MOT SO KET QUA ITNG DUNG
Nguyin Xuan Nguyen, Pham H6ng Hai
Vien Hoa hoc cac Hop chk thien nhien
18 - Hoang Qu6c Viet, CSu Giiy, Ha Noi
E mail: hai.inpc(S)vahoo.com
Tom tat:
Vdi su phdt triin mgnh me cua ky thuat tinh todn, phuong phdp md hinh hod
todn hpc da duac triin khai dp dung rdng rai cho cdc qud trinh cdng nghi hod hpc,
hod sinh, thuc phdm a quy md cdng nghiep phuc vu cho viec tdi uu hod vd diiu
khiin qud trinh. Nhung ndm gdn day phucmg phdp ndy ducfc ung dung cho cdc qud
trinh cdng nghi mdi truang vd buoc ddu nhdn duac nhimg kit qud khd quan.
Bdo cao trinh bdy mdt sd vdn di ca bdn ciia phuong phdp md hinh hod cdc qud
trinh thiit bi cdng nghi mdi truang tie quan diim cua nguyen ly phdn tich hi thdng,
mdt sd kit qud van dung cho qud trinh xie ly nude thdi, dgc bid Id dp dung cho viec
tinh todn, thiit ki xdy dung cdc cdng trinh xic ly nude thdi binh vien theo cdc md
hinh cdng nghi mdi V-69 vd CN-2000. Trin ca cd do khodng 150 trgm xic ly nude
thdi binh vien vdi nhiing cdng sudt khdc nhau (tir 200 din 1000 m /ngd) da duac
triin khai trong phgm vi cd mcdc.
Abstact:
Based on the rapid development of calculation enginering, the method of
mathematical modeling is widely developing and applicating for the processes of
chemical, biochemical and food- stuff industry. In later years, this method is
developing and using in environmental technology and received good results.
This paper deals with some aspects of modelling ofprocesses and apparatuses
of environmental technology from the system aproarch, some results of application

in wastewater treatment have been demonstrated. Especially, it has shown to the
calculation, designing of hospital wastewater treatment by the new technology
modules named V- 69 and CN-2000. About 150 hospital wastewater treatment
plants with the capacity from 200 to 1000 m^ per day were built in different
provinces of Vietnam.
1. PHI/ONG PHAP MO HINH HOA TOAN HOC
Md hinh hod todn hpc dugc sir dung rong rai trong viec nghien cuu, thiet kk va xay dung
cac he thong cong nghe boa hoc, sinh hoc va moi truong. He thdng a day bao g6m ban than
qua trinh cong nghe, cac thiet bi de tien hanh qua trinh va cac phuang tien dk quan sat, di^u
khien qua trinh va ca nhiing moi lien he giira chung.

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Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10/2010

Nguyen ly phdn tich hi thdng la chi§n luge nghien cuu cac he phuc tap (cac qua trinh
cong nghe boa hgc va cong nghe moi truong) bang each:
- Sir dung phuang phap mo hinh boa toan hoc
- Phan ra he phuc tap (he Ion) thanh nhimg he don gian hon (cac he con).
Ket qua la mo hinh toan cua he lan dugc xay dung theo nguyen tac khoi: mo hinh tong the chia
thanh cac khoi, ma cac kh6i nay co mo ta toan hgcriengvod nhirng lien ket giira chung [ 1,2].
Ve md hinh tbi theo vien si Stoff:
"Md hinh la mdt ddi tupng dupe mdt chu thi ndo dd tren ca sd cua sic ddng dgng vi cdu triic
vd chiee ndng diing thay thi cho mdt nguyin bdn tuong img di gidi quyit mdt nhiem vu nhdt dinh ".
"Mdt hinh todn la biiu diin todn hpc nhieng mat chii yiu ciia mdt ddi tupng Theo mdt
nhiem vu ndo dd, trong phgm VI gidi hgn, vdi mot dd chinh xdc vira dii vd a mdt dgng thich
hap cho su van dung ".
Dieu do CO nghla la mo hinh toan gin voi mgt nguyen ban nhat dinh voi 4 dieu kien kem theo:
- Chi mo ta nhiing mat chinh ma con nguoi quan tam

- Mo ta trong mgt pham vi giai han
- Doi hoi do chinh xac vira du chii khong doi hoi do chinh xac cao nhat
- Doi hoi kha nang van dung cua mo hinh da dugc lap trong dieu kien cu the [3-6].
Mo binh boa toan hgc dugc thuc hien trong ba giai doan lien quan chat che voi nhau: 1)
Xay dung mo hinh toan; 2) Lap chuong trinh bang mgt ngon ngir thuat toan de giai tim gia tri
cua cac thong so; 3) Xac lap tinh tuong hgp cua mo hinh voi qua trinh thuc. [1,3]
Trong cac giai doan tren thi xay dung mo hinh toan la buoc he trgng nhat va tinh vi nhat. O
day doi hoi khong chi kien thirc toan hgc ma con ca su hieu biet sau sac ban chat cua cac hien
tugng can mo ta. Viec nam vung cac phuang phap cua dieu khien hgc la co so de hieu ro nhiong
nguyen tac xay dimg mo hinh toan cua cac qua trinh cong nghe hoa hgc va cong nghe moi truang.
Trong qua trinh mo hinh boa nguoi ta bat dau tir nghien ciru thuy dgng hgc, sau d6 nghien
cuu dgng hgc cua cac phan ung, toe dp cua cac qua trinh truyen nhiet va chuyen khoi, dgng
hgc chuyen pha a cac dieu kien gan voi dieu kien van hanh thiet bi va thanh lap nhirng toan tir
ham CO so tuong ung. Tiep theo do la hgp the hoa cac toan tir ham co so thanh mgt toan tir
ham ket qua chung tao nen mo hinh toan cua doi tugng, tiic qua trinh cong nghe.
Trong thanh phan md td todn hpc xay dimg tren co so ban chat vat ly cua doi tugng mo
hinh boa co the chia ra cac nhom phuong trinh sau:
1) Cac phuong trinh can bang vat chat va nang lugng dugc viet tren co so cau triic thuy
dgng cua cac dong. Nh6m phuang trinh nay dac trung cho sir phan bo trong cac dong
cua nhiet do, thanh phan va cua ca cac tinh chat lien quan den chiing vi du: khoi lugng
rieng, do nhat, nhiet dung...
2) Cac phuang trinh cua cac qua trinh co so. Thuoc nhom nay la mo ta cua cac qua trinh
trao doi chat, trao doi nhiet, cac phan ling boa hgc...
3) Cac he thiic ly thuyet, ban kinh nghiem va thuc nghiem giiia nhirng thong so khac
nhau cua qua trinh, vi du su phu thuoc cua he so chuyen khoi vao toe do dong, su phu
thuoc cua nhiet dung vao thanh phan dung dich...

145

Tiiu ban: Moi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng

ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7

4) Cac rang huge len cac thong s6 ciia qua trinh, chinh xac ban la cac rang buoc ton tai khach
quan tren khoang thay d6i cua mgt loat thong s6 ma ta can lim y khi mo hinh boa qua trinh.
Neu khong co hoac co rat it lugng thong tin ly thuylt ve doi tugng mo hinh boa, khi ma
tham chi khong bilt dugc so bg dang nhung he thiic mo ta cac tinh chat cua doi tugng thi cac
phuong trinh cua mo ta toan hgc co the bieu dien a dang mgt he cac quan he thuc nghiem
nhan dugc tren co so khao sat th6ng ke d6i tugng thuc. Nhung mo hinh nay thuong ggi la mo
hinh thong ke, chiing co dang cua nhirng he thiic tuong quan va hoi quy giira cac bien vao va
bien ra cua qua trinh.
Khac vai mo hinh thong ke, nhiing mo hinh toan dugc xay dimg co tinh tai nhirng quy
luat CO ban cua qua trinh cong nghe xay ra trong doi tugng mo hinh boa, phan anb chinh xac
hon ve chat ke ca trong truang hgp thieu nhiing quan he khong du chinh xac ve lugng giira
cac thong so cua mo hinh. Do vay co the sir dung nhung mo hinh toan do de nghien ciiu cac
tinh chat chung cua doi tugng mo hinh boa thuoc mgt nhom nhat dinh.
Khi chpn md hinh can phai luu y:
- Mo hinh phai phan anh tuong doi day du tinh chat cua cac dong vat chat va nang lugng
bang mgt mo ta toan hgc tuong doi don gian.
- Cac thong so cua mo hinh co the xac dinh dugc bang thuc nghiem hay bang mgt
phuong phap khac.
- Trong truang hgp cac he di the thi mo hinh dugc chgn cho timg pha rieng biet, hon niia
d6i voi hai pha chiing co the nhu nhau hoac khac nhau.
Khi xay dung mo hinh toan thi cac phuang trinh a nhiing dang khac nhau dugc sir dung
nhu: cac phuang trinh dai so, cac phuong trinh vi phan thuong, cac phuang trinh vi phan dao
ham rieng.
Nhu vay, phuong phap mo hinh boa toan hgc - phuang phap co ban cua dieu khien hoc,
c6 the dugc ap dung de nghien ciiu cac qua trinh cong nghe boa hgc ciing nhu moi truang mot
each hieu qua.

2. KET QUA VA LTNG DUNG
Trong qua trinh tham gia Chuong trinh Nuoc sach va Ve sinh moi truong Qu6c gia tir
nhieu nam nay Lien hiep KHSX Cong nghe boa hgc (UCE) thuoc Vien Hoa hgc cac Hgp chit
thien nhien va Trung tam Tu van Chuyen giao cong nghe Nuac sach va Moi truang (CTC)
thuoc Ban chi dao Quoc gia ve cung cap nuoc sach va ve sinh moi truang (truoc day) da tiln
hanh nhieu de tai nghien ciru va trien khai ling dung cong nghe mai trong xir ly nuoc, nuoc
thai va nuoc rac.
Nhiing ket qua do the hien a cac cong trinh da cong b6 [8-11]. Rieng vl kit qua mo hinh boa
qua trinh xir ly nuac thai va dac biet la nuac thai benh vien xin dugc trinh bay duoi day.
2.1. Nguyen tac xay dmig mo hinh toan cua qua trinh xu" ly nu-dc thai
Qua trinh xir ly nuac thai co the xem nhu mgt he thdng phiic tap. Ap dung phuang phap
phan tich he thing ta co the xem xet he thing phiic tap do cSu thanh tir nhiing khIi (hay he
thing con) rieng biet, cho phep mo ta chiing rieng re sau do kit hgp chiing lai vai nhau.
Qua trinh xir ly nuac thai ciing gilng nhu cac qua trinh cong nghe hoa hgc vl ban chat la
nhung qua trinh xac dinh - ngau nhien tiic la tin tai nhiing mli lien he nhdt dinh giiia cac
146


Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 nam Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10/2010

thong so boa ly dugc quyet dinh boi cac dinh luat co ban cua chuyen khoi, nang lugng va ca
nhiing dieu kien khong In dinh va ngau nhien (phan bo cua cac phan tir dong vat chat va nang
lugng theo thai gian).
Tren hinh 1 la cau triic cac khIi hinh thanh nen nhimg qua trinh tieu bieu. Moi khoi co mo
ta toan hgc ciia minh va n6i chung qua trinh tieu bieu do dugc mo ta bang mgt he phuong
trinh xac dinh.
Viec xay dimg mo hinh toan bat ky nao deu bat dau tir viec thiet lap mo ta hinh thiic cua
cac qua trinh xay ra trong doi tugng mo hinh boa. Khi xay dung mo ta hinh thiic, nhu da noi a
tren, ta sir dung nguyen ly khIi, theo do thi mo ta toan hgc cua doi tugng ve tong the la tap
hgp mo ta toan hpc cua nhiing qua trinh co so xay ra trong doi tugng mo hinh boa.

Dau tien nguoi ta khao sat mo hinh thuy dong cua qua trinh nhu la co so cua cau tnic mo ta
toan hpc. Tiep d6 nghien ciiu dong hgc truyen nhiet, dong hgc chuyen khoi va dgng bgc cac
phan ung boa hgc co tinh toi cac dieu kien thuy dong cua mo hinh thuy dgng da khao sat
truoc do de thiet lap mo ta toan hgc cho timg qua trinh tieu bieu. Cuoi ciing la viec ket hgp
cac mo hinh lai vol nhau de co mgt he phuong trinh (mo ta toan hgc) cua doi tugng mo hinh
boa. LTU diem cua viec ap dung nguyen ly khoi de xay dung mo binh toan la kha nang phan
chia mgt qua trinh phiic tap thanh nhung qua trinh rieng biet, don gian ban cho phep tim dugc
mo ta toan hoc cua n6.
Dong hoc hoa
sinh va cac qua
trinh sinh hpc

Dong hoc
khuyech tan

Dong hoc
khuyech tan

Dong hoc
hoa hoc
Dong hoc
khuyech tan

Dong hoc
ve nhiet

Dong hoc
ve nhiet

Dong hoc

ve nhiet

Dong hoc
ve nhiet

Cac dinh luat ca ban
ve chuyen dong.
Cau true cac dong

Cau true thuy
dong cua cac
dong

Cau tnic thuy
dong cua cac
dong

Cau true thuy
dong cua cac
dong

Cau true thuy
dgng cua cac dong

Cac qua trinh
thuy dgng

Cac qua trinh
trao doi nhiet

Cac qua trinh
trao doi khoi

Cac qua trinh
boa bgc

Cac qua trinh
boa sinh

Dong hoc
hoa hoc

Hinh 1: So dd khdi nguyin tdc cua cdc qud trinh tiiu biiu
Trong thanh phan cua mo ta toan hgc dugc thiet lap tren co so ban chat vat ly va boa hgc
cua doi tugng mo hinh boa, co the chia ra bon nhom phuang trinh nhu da noi a muc 1.
2.2. Mo hinh toan ciia thiet bj xu- ly nu-dc thai
Mgt thiit bi xir ly nuoc thai (aeroten, biophin) theo quan diem ciia phan tich he thong dugc phan
ra thanh day nhimg modun rieng biet theo nhimg suy luan ve cong nghe va cau tnic. Moi mgt
modun dugc xem nhu la mgt thiet bi phan ung dgc lap ma 6 do dien ra qua trinh lam sach sinh hgc.
DSu tien mo hinh toan dugc xay dung de mo ta boat dgng chi cua mgt modun (ngan, hop)
thiit bi. Modun rieng biet la thiet bi cau tao tir hai phan (viing) chia boi vach ngan ciing. 6
mgt vung phia duoi chi co khong khi dugc cap vao. Day gpi la viing thoi khi vao moi truang

147


ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7

Tieu ban: Moi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng

phan ling. C) vung khac xay ra qua trinh lam sach nhu sau: nha co vi sinh vat ca chat dugc sii
dung va nong do chat ban giam di. Viing nay ggi la viing phan ling.
Mo hinh toan dugc xay dung tren co so phan ra mgt modun thiet bi phan ling sinh boa.
Tren Hinh 2 the hien cau tnic dong trong don nguyen i cua thiet bi.

Hinh 2: Phdn bd ddng
vd chdt d dan nguyin i

x.^S s„ c,
Nhu da noi a tren modun rieng biet ciu tao tir hai phSn: phan ling (I) va thong khi (II). Mo
hinh toan tinh tai can bang vat lieu cua qua trinh theo su phat triln ciia vi sinh vat, sir dung co ch§t
va oxy ciing nhu la chuyen khoi oxy tir pha khi vao pha long. No co thi dugc vilt nhu sau:
Vung phdn irng:
R.X

,

LX

(L + R)X

" + V,"

(A-;

K , + S,

LS,_, + R,S, -{L + R,)S, - a , K , V „
K, +S,

+ x','- )=

-{x:- +XP')=0

K,

+S,

-{x^

0)

+x:")=0

Viing thdng khi:
GXr
(L

- G,Y," - Vi^ (KL'a)(C* - C;",) = 0

+ Ri)Ci - R,CA,i - LCAJ'" + Vi^(KL'a)(C* - C A / " ) = 0

Trong do, I = 1,... N - sl don nguyen cua thiit bi;CJ, - nIng do 6 xy a viing thong khi
(kg/m ); Xj.r , Xj-i - nong do cac vi sinh vat tir do a cac don nguyen i-1 va i (kg/m^); Xi^ nong do vi sinh vat cl dinh a don nguyen i (kg/m^); Si.,, Si - N6ng do cac chit ban hiru co o
cac don nguyen i-1 va i (kg/m^); Ci.i, d - nIng dp oxy boa tan a vimg phan img cua cac don
nguyen i-1 va i, kg/m^; L - luu lugng nuoc thai a d4u vao cung nhu dku ra, m7h; Rj - dong
tuan hoan phia trong, m^/h; (Kt'a) - he sl truyin khIi rieng cua oxy a don nguyen'i, h"'; C* nong dp oxy boa tan con bang, kg/m^ Y^, Y^ - nIng do oxy trong pha khi a dm who va d k
ra don nguyen i, m /h; Vj - the tich chat long cua vung phan ling a dan nguyen i, m^; Vj'^ the tich chat long cua viing thong khi a don nguyen i, m^; |a^ - tic do tang truang rieng lan
nhat cua vi sinh vat, h" ; K, - hang so bao hoa, kg/m^ K2 - tic do mk di ciia tl bao, h"'.
Ba phuang trinh dku tien ciia mo hinh (1) mo ta tic do tang truang vi sinh vat, su dung co

chat va oxy chi dugc thuc hien a viing phan img vai viec sir dung mo hinh dong hoc Herbert,
con hai phuong trinh sau - can bing vat lieu trong vung thong khi.
148


Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghi Viet Nam - Hd Not 10/2010

M6 hinh tren da dugc sir dung trong tinh toan thiet ke mgt so cong trinh xir ly nuac va
nuoc thai, dac biet la nuoc thai benh vien.
2.3. Thiet bi xir ly nu-dc thai benh vien V-69 va CN CN-2000
Mo hinh thiet bi xir ly nuac thai benh vien V-69 dugc tinh toan thiet ke xay dimg tir nam
1998 theo nguyen ly modun, hgp khoi va tu dgng boa [7, 12]. Thiet bi co kich thuac ngoai:
rgng x dai x cao = 2,35m x 6,05m x 2,92m co cong suat xir ly 100 - 150 m^ nuoc thai trong 1
ngay (vai 20h boat dgng). Tuy cong suat nuoc thai can xir ly ma ghep cac modun nay voi
nhau. LTu diem chinh cua thiet bi la tang kha nang tiep xiic ciia nuoc thai voi oxy nho lop
dem vi sinh c6 do rong va be mat trao doi ldn. So do thiet bi dugc bieu dien tren binh 3.

Hinh 3: Thid bi V-69
Thiet bi CN-2000 la ten ggi cua thiet bi dang thap xir ly nuac thai benh vien theo nguyen ly
cong nghe AAO (yem khi - thieu khi - hieu khi) tren lap dem vi sinh bam. Day la dang thiit
bi cai tien va dugc hinh thanh nam 2000 dugc sir dung rgng rai de xir ly nude thai cho nhieu
benh vien ldn vdi dien tich c6 ban cho cong trinh nhu: cac benh vien Him Nghi, Xanh Pon,
Thanh Nhan d Ha Noi, Vien Pasteur d Thanh pho H6 Chi Minh...
Ket qua nghien cim mo hinh boa qua trinh cong nghe xir ly nude thai benh vien trong thiit
bi CN-2000 [13-16]nham tinh toan du bao diin bien cac thong sl nude thai trong qua trinh
xir ly dugc mo ta ngan ggn dudi day:
Thiet bi CN-2000 dugc chia ra thanh cac ngan (4 ngan xir ly chinh). M6i ngan thuc hien
mgt qua trinh xir ly sinh hgc khac nhau. So do thiit bi dugc thi hien tren hinh 4.

LTinh 4: Sa dd cdng nghi cdc ngdn ciia thiit bi CN - 2000 xir ly nude thdi binh vien

Tir thuc tl do dac cac thong sl nude thai cua cac tram XLNT benh vien Thanh Nhan - Ha
Noi (bang 1) thuc hien qua trinh XLNT theo so dl hinh 1 trong 4 ngan cua thiit bi CN-2000
da xac dinh duoc cac mo hinh sau:

149


ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7

Tieu ban: Moi truang vd Ndng lugng

1) M6 hinh tinh thong sl COD dSu ra ngan yIm khi (Ana) cua thiit bi CN-2000
COD,, = 6,7859 2"°'°' -Q^/'''' \ R ' = 0^7810

(2)

2) Mo hinh tinh tai trgng thi tich theo nito ting cua ngan xir ly thilu khi (Ano) cua thiet bi
CN 2000:
TT, = 1,5384.10^.2^''^A'rr'-C'C>Df;r'; R- = 0,9840

(3)

3) Mo hinh tinh tai trgng thi tich theo BOD cua ngan xir ly hilu khi (Oxic) cua thiit bi CN 2000:
TT, = 1,0788.10-^gf°'°.CC»D°•';'^iV°;°'''; /?' = 0,9878

(4)

Bdng I: Diin biin cdc thdng sd nude thdi qua cdc ngdn xir ly ciia thiit bi CN 2000
NT,r (mg/l) BODr (mg/l)

STT

Q(m%)

COD, (mg/l)

CODu.r (mg/l)

Nr,y (mg/l)

1

12,2

270,0

134,0

34

11

10,8

2

10,9

231,3

125,8

29

10

11,0

3

10,0

309,3

171,2

21

11

10,2

4

12,2

187,7

85,1

30

12

6,2

5

12,7

314,4

139,4

33

9

8,3

6

13,0

328,1

119,4

28

12

11,1

7

13,0

241,9

116,4

26

11

6,7

8

12,4

189,1

94,2

28

11

6,7

9

11,5

230,7

116,7

27

10

8,6

10

12,0

224,8

94,4

26

10

6,2

11

12,6

320,2

159,2

21

10

11,9

12

13,1

334,9

136,2

35

9

12,1

13

12,2

346,6

142,4

26

10

9,9

14

11,7

198,1

118,8

27

9

10,4

15

12,1

182,7

90,2

27

10

6,0

16

10,3

197,5

108,6

29

11

7,1

17

10,9

187,8

79,6

22

12

4,2

150


Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10/2010

STT

Q(m'/h)

COD, (mg/l)

CODur (mg/l)

Niv (mg/l)

Nr.r (mg/l)

BODr (mg/l)

18

11,2

231,2

135,7

30

11

11,4

19

13,1

248,2

104,2

26

9

6,5

20

10,5

207,7

106,3

32

10

6,8

21

11,3

250,2

132,1

31

11

7,3

22

11,0

287,6

115,6

32

9

7,2

23

10,6

279,2

103,3

23

9

8,3

24

11,4

334,0

138,7

22

10

12,9

25

12,5

244,4

103,2

22

9

7,7

Sir dung cac mo hinh (2), (3), (4) de tinh toan cac thong so nude thai tai dau ra cua ngan va
thiit bi CN 2000 gIm CODu.r, NT,r (nIng do nito ting dku ra), BODr (BOD5 diu ra) tren co
sd cac thong so do dugc d dau vao cua thiet bi.
Cac ket qua tinh toan doi chiing vdi thuc te tai cac tram XLNT benh vien Thanh Nhan,
Xanh Pon va Trung tam HIV - Ha Noi trinh bay trong bang 2.
Bdng 2: Kit qud tinh todn cdc thdng sd XLNT cua thiit bi CN 2000
Thdng sd ddu vdo (do dgc)
STT

Binh
vien

Q
(mg/l)

COD,
(mg/l)

(mg/l)

10,95

341,15

2

10,60

3

Thdng sd ddu ra (do dgc vd tinh todn)
Nr.r (mg/l)

NT.V

BODr (mg/l)
Do dgc Tinh todn

Do dgc

Tinh todn

23,04

8,65

11,0

8,52

11,86

363,44

25,52

11,55

11,36

10,89

12,60

12,32

347,11

33,32

11,51

11,29

13,72

11,23

4

12,53

357,11

27,12

9,75

11,26

9,68

11,80

5

11,27

323,17

21,43

10,91

11,18

11,65

11,05

6

11,44

325,85

22,85

9,31

10,93

10,54

11,20

7

11,50

337,67

22,12

8,91

10,79

10,68

11,65

8

12,86

360,35

23,03

9,75

10,80

11,67

12,05

9

10,73

330,71

25,45

11,51

11,36

10,58

11,39

1

Thanh
Nhan

151


ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7

Tiiu ban: Moi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng

Thdng sd ddu ra (do dgc vd tinh todn)

Thdng sd ddu vdo (do dgc)
Binh
viin

STT

BODr (mg/l)

Nj.r (mg/l)

Q
(mg/l)

COD,
(mg/l)

(mg/l)

Do dgc

Tinh todn

10,86

320,57

23,95

10,54

11,17

10,11

11,08

12,85

298,19

23,04

9,81

10,85

12,31

9,92

12

11,80

290,65

26,38

12,18

11,36

9,89

9,69

13

11,47

315,23

27,12

12,53

11,43

8,81

10,58

14

12,57

311,54

24,40

10,17

11,05

8,53

10,37

15

11,53

326,34

23,98

11,38

11,09

10,85

11,13

16

12,23

318,64

26,64

10,82

11,30

9,27

10,57

17

12,57

299,77

22,49

9,78

10,79

9,85

10,06

18

12,45

322,49

22,97

9,71

10,86

10,34

10,85

7,85

443,50

35,80

13,36

12,02

12,49

15,93

6,95

436,62

37,21

10,97

12,21

14,85

15,98

21

6,54

450,60

39,05

10,40

11,61

17,26

15,91

22

8,09

454,18

34,37

14,94

12,48

18,84

17,07

10
Xanh
Pon

11

19

Trung
tam
HIV

20

VT-.V

Do dgc Tinh todn

Bieu dien tren do thi (hinh 5) cac ket qua do va tinh toan ciia cac thong so dau ra thiet bi CN
2000. Ket qua so sanh cho thay gia tri nito tong dau ra do dac tuong thich vdi gia tri tinh toan vdi
R^ = 0,7936; va gia ti BOD5 dau ra do dac tuong thich vdi gia tri tinh toan vdi R^ = 0,8052.

20

^20i
.i.15^
ra

S.10-1

•"f'f;i"'i*^»*'ii^''^

;'M'«I'M"MMI^M'

ra'lOQ

c
•2
b

o 5
CO

z

-1—I—I—I—I

0

1

1

1—I—I—1^—I

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

• Nile t6ng ra (Jo dgc

• Nita ting ra tinh tocin

0

I

I

I

2

4 6

I

I

1

I

I

I

t

^

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

• BOD ra do (3?c

I BOD ra tinh toan

ITinh5. So sdnh gid tri thdng sd ddu ra do dgc vd tinh todn

152

I


Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Not 10/2010

Trong thdi gian qua (1998-2010) khoang 150 tram xir ly nude thai benh vien vdi cong suat
tir 200 den 1000 m /ngd theo cac mo hinh V-69 va CN- 2000 da dugc xay dung d cac dia
phuang trong toan quIc.

3. KET LUAN
Phuang phap mo hinh boa toan hgc dugc sir dung de nghien ciiu cac he cong nghe boa hgc phirc
tap ciing nhu cac qua trinh thiet bi cong nghe moi truong. Nhd do nhiem vu tinh toan, thiet ke va
xay dung cac cong trinh xir ly nude thai dugc giai quyet mgt each bai ban va chinh xac hon.

LCJI CAM ON
Tac gia chan thanh cam on tap the can bp khoa hpc Lien hiep KHSX Cong nghe hoa hpc
(UCE) va Trung tam Tu van CGCN Nude sach va Moi trudng (CTC) da tich cue tham gia
nghien ciiu trien khai ling dung cac mo hinh V-69 va CN-2000 vao thuc te.

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Ka(|)apoB B.B., "Memodbi KudepuemuKU e XUMUU U XUMUHCCKOU mexuonozuu", M.,"
XuMHa", 1985.
2. KoMHCcapoB lO.A., FopaeeB JI.C, Hryen Cyan Hryen, "Ananus u cuumes cucmeju
eodoodecnenenuH XUMUHCCKUX npouseodeme", M.," XHMHH", 2002.
3. "Gerard Kiely Environmental engineering". The McGaw-Hill companies, 1997.
4. Nguyen Minh Tuyen, Pham Van Thiem, "Ky thuat hi thdng cdng nghi hod hpc".
NXB Khoa hgc va Ky thuat. Ha Noi, 1997.
5. Luong Diic Pham, Nguyen Xuan Nguyen, Pham Hong Hai, "Md hinh hod qud trinh
thiit bi cdng nghi mdi trudng", NXB Giao due. Ha Noi, 2008.
6. Nguyen Xuan Nguyen, Pham Hong Hai, "Ly thuyet vd md hinh hod qud trinh xie ly
nude thdi bdng phuang phdp sinh hpc ", NXB Khoa hgc va Ky thuat. Ha Noi, 2003.
7. Nguyin Xuan Nguyen, Pham Hong Hai, "Cdng nghi xir ly nude thdi binh viin. NXB
Khoa hpc vd Ky thuat", Ha Noi, 2004.
8. Nguyen Xuan Nguyen, Pham Hong Hai &nnk, "Xdy dung md hinh thuc nghiem thdng
ki md td dgc tinh nude thdi trong hd chica lam ca sd cho viec xdc dinh chi dp cdng
nghe xu ly ", Tap chi KH&CN, Tap 40, Sl 1, 2002, tr. 12-17.
9. Sreng Sokvung, Tran Van Nhan, Nguyin Xuan Nguyen, Pham Hong Hai, "Tim cdng
thicc thuc nghiem md td quan hi giua cdc chi tiiu hod ly cua nude thdi sinh hpc ", Tap
chi KH&CN, Tap 43, S l 6A, 2005, tr.244-245.
10. Nguyen Xuan Nguyen, Pham Hong Hai, "Ve mdt phuang phdp udc tinh ti le rdc thdi
chdn Idp dp dung cho Viet Nam trong thdi ky CNH, HDH", Tap chi KH&CN, Tap 45,
s l 2, 2007, tr. 99-103.
11. Nguyen Xuan Nguyen, Tran Van Nhan, Sreng Sokvung, "Tinh todn ddng hpc xic ly nude

thdi hiru ca trin lop dem vi sinh bdm ", Tap chi KH&CN, Tap 45, Sl 5, 2007, tr.43-49.

153


Tiiu ban: Moi trudng vd Ndng lugng

ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7

12. Nguyen Xuan Nguyen, Pham H6ng Hai, Tran iTng Long vaf nnk, "Thiit bi cdng nghe
mdi xic ly nude thdi binh viin theo nguyin ly mddun, hop khdi vd tu ddng hod ", Tap
chi KH&CN, Tap 39, Sl 3, 2001, tr.42-45.
13. Nguyen Xuan Nguyen, Pham Hing Hai, Tran Van Nhan, Sreng Sokvung, "Sir^ dung
md hinh ddy hop vdi ddng ngupc trong viec tinh todn hi thiit bi aeroten - hi Idng xic
ly nude thdi binh viin ", Tap chi KH&CN, Tap 43, Sl 6A, 2005, tr.208-211.
14. Nguyen Xuan Nguyen, Pham Hong Hai, Tran Van Nhan, Sreng Sokvung, "Md hinh
thuc nghiem thdng ke md td quan hi giica cdc chi tiiu hod ly ca bdn ciia nude thdi
benh viin". Tap chi KH&CN, Tap 44, Sl 2, 2006, tr.13-17.
15. Nguyen Xuan Nguyen, Tran Van Nhan, Sreng Sokvung, "Md hinh hod qud trinh xie ly
sinh hpc yim khi - thiiu khi - hiiu khi (AAO) ddi vdi nuoc thdi binh viin". Tap chi
KH&CN, tap 45, Sl 6, 2007, tr.143-149.
16. Sreng Sokvung, "Nghiin cieu md hinh hod qud trinh xic ly nude thdi binh viin bdng
thiit bi CN-2000", Luan an Tiln sT Ky thuat. Trudng DHBK, Ha Noi, 2008.

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