Lý thuyết về lời ước Wish

WISH
Sau S + Wish và If only (giá mà) có 3 loại mệnh đề dùng để chỉ lời ước ở tương lai, hiện tại và quá khứ
1. Future wish (Tương lai): Ước muốn điều gì đó sẽ xảy ra hoặc muốn ai đó làm gì
Cấu trúc:
S + wish(es) + S + would (not) + V
If only
I wish you would stop smoking
Tom wishes his mother wouldn’t make so much noise
If only Jane would take the trip with me next Sunday
If only it would stop raining
Chủ ngữ của wish không trùng chủ ngữ của would do đó không dùng I wish I would mà chúng ta sẽ thay
bằng I wish I could…
I wish I could attend the meeting next week
2. Present wish (Hiện tại): Mong ước một điều gì không có thật hoặc không thể thực hiện được ở hiện
tại ( Như mệnh đề điều kiện của câu điều kiện loại 2)
Cấu trúc:
S + wish(es) + S + V_ed (Quá khứ bàng thái)
If only
were (was ít dùng hơn)
Could + V
I am poor now -> I wish I were rich
I can’t swim -> I wish I could swim
I don’t know her name -> I wish I knew her name
3. Past wish (Quá khứ) Mong ước một điều gì không có thật hoặc hoặc diễn tả điều hối tiếc ở quá khứ
Cấu trúc:
S + wish(es/ed) + S + had + P2 (Quá khứ hoàn thành)
If only
I regret selling my house -> If only I had not sold my house
* Một số trường hợp có thể sử dụng Could have + P2 thay cho had + P2 (quá khứ hoàn thành) để diễn tả điều
mong ước trong quá khứ.
Eg. I was not at the meeting.-> I wish I could have been at the meeting/ I wish I had been at the meeting

CÓ NGHĨA LÀ
Câu gốc

Hiện tại

Quá khứ

Tương lai

S + V(s/es)
She goes
S + do/does + not + V
She doesn’t leave
S + am/is/are
I am a doctor
S + am/is/are + not
I am not a girl
S + can/may + not V
I can’t cook well
S + can/may V
She may come
S + Ved
She left
S + did + not + V
She didn’t go
S + was/were
It was rainy
S + was/were + not

It was not sunny
S + could/might + not + V
I couldn’t come
S + could/might + V
She could go
S + will/shall + V
She will come
S + will/shall + not + V
She will not come

S + wish
Hoặc
If only

Câu ước được viết lại
S + didn’t V
She didn’t go
S + Ved
She left
S + were not
I were not a doctor
S + were
I were a girl
S + could/might + V
I could cook well
S + could/might + not + V
She might not come
S + had not P2
She had not left
S + had P2

She had gone
S + had not been
It had not been rainy
S + had been
It had been sunny
S + could + have P2
I could have come
S + could/might not + have P2
She could not have gone
S + would/should not V
She would not come
S + would/should + V
She would come

EXERCISE
I.

Put the verb into correct form
1. I feel sick because I ate cake. I wish I (not eat)…………………….. so much cake
2. I’m fed up with the rain. I wish it (stop)……………………….raining now
3. It’s a difficult question. I wish I (know)……………….the answer.
4. I didn’t listen to you. I wish I (take)…………………..your advice.
5. I wish Ann (be)………….here. She can help us.
6. It would be nice to stay here. I wish I (not have)…………………….to go now.
7. What’s her name? I don’t know. I wish I (remember)……………… her name.
8. When we were in London, we did not go sight-seeing. We wish we (go)…………..to the park
9. I spent all of my money. I wish I (save)………………… some.
10. I looked everywhere for my key. If only I (find)……………………..it.
11. I wish the weather (be ) …………..…………….warm, so we could go swimming
12. I didn’t say anything. I wish I (ask )…………………………….………. him how to get there

13. I wish I (not stay)………….……………….. at home now.
14. I wish I (not/ buy) …………….……………..that book yesterday
15. I wish I (see) ……………….…………….him. I have not seen him for a long time.
16. I wish I (not/call)……………….………………. him a liar. He was angry with me.
17. I don’t have time to go to “High Quality Good Fair “. I wish I (go) ………there.
18. The weather is very hot. I wish it (be) ………………………… cooler .
19. We seldom write to her. I wish we (write) ………………… to her more often .


20. John doesn’t know how to swim. He wishes he (can) ………………..…… swim.
21. John doesn’t buy the book. She wishes she (buy) ……………………..… it .
22. Mai doesn’t pass the exam. She wishes she (study) ……………..…… harder.
23. We will not go to Ha Long Bay next week. I wish we (go) …………… there .
24. My parents are not in now. I wish they (be) ……….……at home with us now.
25. I know Nam will not lend me his car . I wish he (lend). ……………… it to me .
26. I wish it (not rain) ___________ heavily next Sunday
27.
II.
Rewrite the following sentences using Wish or If only
1. Ann isn’t here. I want her to be here.
………………………………………………………………………………..
2. John would like to be a pilot when he grows up.
………………………………………………………………………………………
3. I bought a house. I regret buying it.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. I regret I didn’t learn to play an instrument.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Mary is afraid she won’t be able to attend your wedding next week.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. I can’t go to the party.

………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. I didn’t bring my camera yesterday.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
8. I live in a big city but I don’t like it.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
9. It’s a pity that you were not here last month.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
10. I have to work tomorrow but I want to go shopping.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
11. I like this book but I don’t have enough money to buy it.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
12. I feel awful because I ate too much ice-cream.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
13. She didn’t give me a chance to tell her the truth.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
14. I’m sorry I could not go to your party yesterday.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. I was so lazy that I lost my work.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
16. I wore a very tight pair of shoes so I felt very uncomfortable.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
17. I gave up my work. Now I regret that
………………………………………………………………………………………….
18. I’m so sleepy now. Yesterday I stayed up too late.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
19. I did not study hard so I failed the exam.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
20. I got married when I was young and I regretted it.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
21. I like the blue shirt but someone bought it.

………………………………………………………………………………………….
22. There’s a conference tomorrow. I want to attend it but I can’t.
………………………………………………………………………………………….


23. I need a new car but I don’t have enough money now.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
24. I’m really sorry I didn’t invite her to the party.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
25. I’m sorry I can’t help you do your homework.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
26. She doesn’t like to work with him.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
III. Choose the best answer
1. I don't understand this point of grammar. I wish I ______ it better.
A. understood
B. would understand C. had understood
D. understands
2. It never stops raining here. I wish it ______ raining.
A. stopped
B. would stop
C. had stopped
D. will stop
3. I miss my friends. I wish my friends ______ here right now.
A. were
B. would be
C. had been
D. was
4. I should never have said that. I wish I ______ that.
A. didn't say

B. wouldn't say
C. hadn't said
D. says
5. I speak terrible English. I wish I ______ English well.
A. spoke
B. would speak
C. had spoken
D. speaks
6. I cannot sleep. The dog next door is making too much noise. I wish it ______ quiet.
A kept
B. would keep
C. had kept
D. will keep
7. This train is very slow. The earlier train was much faster. I wish I ____ the earlier train.
A. caught
B. would catch
C. had caught
D. catches
8. I didn't see the TV programme but everybody said it was excellent. I wish I ___ it.
A. saw
B. would see
C. had seen
D. seen
9. I went out in the rain and now I have a bad cold. I wish I ______ out.
A. didn't go
B. wouldn't go
C. hadn't gone
D. went
10. This movie is terrible. I wish we ______ to see another one.
A. went

B. would go
C. had gone
D. go
11. I hate living in England. It's cold and it's damp. I wish I ______ in Spain.
A. lived
B. would live
C. had lived
D. live
12. I was only in Miami for a week. I wish I ______ more time there but I had to go on to New York.
A. had
B. would have
C. had had
D. have
13. You drive too fast. I wish you__________ more slowly.
A. drive
B. drove
C. had driven
D. would drive
14. He missed an exciting football match on TV last night. He wishes that he _______ it.
A. watched
B. would watch
C. had watched
D. watches
15. My face is bright red. I wish I ______ in the sun so long yesterday
A. didn't sit
B. wouldn't sit
C. hadn't sat
D. sat
16. It was supposed to be a secret. I wish you ______ him.
A. didn't tell

B. wouldn't tell
C. hadn't told
D. tell
17. They didn't offer me the job. I wish they ______ it to me.
A. offered
B. would offer
C. had offered
D. offer
18. It’s a pity I didn’t take my doctor’s advice.
-I wish you __________ the doctor's advice.
A. took
B. would take
C. had taken
D. could take
19. I hate having red hair. I wish I ______ blonde hair.
A. had
B. would have
C. had had
D. am having
20. This exercise is very boring. I wish the teacher ______ us some more interesting things to do.
A. gave
B. would give
C. had given
D. will give
21. I wish I__________ a doctor in the future.
A. am
B. were
C. had been
D. would be
22. I wish that some day I ___________ able to marry her.

A. will be
B. am
C. would be
D. had been
23. I wished I_________ enough money to buy the house.
A. had
B. have
C. had had
D. would have
24. John wishes he ________ a scientist when he grows up.
A. is
B. was
C. will be
D. would be
25. You talk more than you work. The teacher wishes that __________.
A. you work more than you talk
B. you worked more than you talked
C. you worked more than you talk
D. you had worked more than you had talked
26. Susan regretted not buying that villa.
A. Susan wished she had bought that villa.
B. Susan wished she bought that villa.
C. Susan wished she could buy that villa.
D. Susan wished she hadn’t bought that villa.
27. It’s a pity that you didn’t tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this.
B. I wish you would tell us about this.
C. I wish you had told us about this.

D. I wish you have told us about this.
28. I’m afraid he won’t get over his illness.
A. I wish he will get over his illness.
B. I wish he would get over his illness.
C. I wish he got over his illness.
D. I wish he had got over his illness.
29. Peter regretted buying the secondhand computer.
A. Peter didn’t want to buy the secondhand computer.
B. Peter wished he didn’t buy the secondhand computer.
C. Peter wished he hadn’t bought the secondhand computer.
D. Peter was glad to buy the secondhand computer.
30. I regret that you didn’t give me a chance to tell you the truth.
A. I wish you didn’t give me a chance to tell you the truth.
B. I wish you gave me a chance to tell you the truth.
C. I wish you had given me a chance to tell you the truth.
D. I wish you hadn’t given me a chance to tell you the truth.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to show the underlined part that needs correction.
31. I sometimes wish that I will have another car.
A
B
C
D
32. I wishes you had been at the meeting yesterday.
A
B
C
D
33. I wish I didn’t say that to him yesterday.
A
B C

D
34. She wishes that we didn’t send her the candy yesterday because she’s on a diet.
A
B
C
D
35. She wishes she could speak English as fluent as her sister.
A
B
C D
36. I really wish we can make a trip around the world.
A
B
C
D
37. He got bad marks. He wishes he reviewed his lesson carefully.
A
B
C
D
38. I wish I didn’t speak to him so severely yesterday.
A
B
C
D