Bài tập + lý thuyết S, IZ, Z và ED

IELTS 0112. THE PRONUNCIATION Of THE ENDINGS: -S/ES and -ED
A. Cách phát âm đuôi S/ES của động từ ngôi thứ ba số ít, danh từ số nhiều

ọc là /S/ nếu sau từ tận cùng bằng các âm nh /k/, /p/, /f// (-gh, -ph),/(-th),/t/.
/p/
/t/
/f/
/k/
//

Plural nouns
maps /mổps/
cats / kổts /
laughs / l:fs /
books / buks /
lengths / les /

3rd singular verbs
stops
/ stops/
calculates /'kổlkjuleits/
laughs / la:fs /
attacks / 'tổks /

ọc là /IZ/ sau các từ tận cùng bằng âm /ks/ (-x), // (sh), /t/ (-ch), /s/ (-ss), /d/ (-ge), // (ze), /z/ (-se,
-z)).
Plural nouns
/s/
/ks/
//
/t/

//
/d/
/z/

glasses
boxes
wishes
churches
garages
pages
bruises

3rd singular verbs
misses
mixes
washes
matches
massages
stages
rises

ọc là /Z/ sau các từ tận cùng bằng các phụ âm còn lại, và tất cả các nguyên âm.
Plural nouns
/b/
/v/
/d/
/g/
/l/
/m/
/n/

//
/ou/
/ei/
/e /

cubs
caves
beds
eggs
hills
rooms
pens
rings
potatoes
days
hairs

3rd singular verbs
robs
lives
reads
digs
fills
comes
learns
brings
goes
plays
wears

*Notes:
I. Choose the word that show the s ending is pronounced.
/s/
/z/
/iz/
1. potatoes
8,
2. cooks
9.
3. rubs
10.
4. rises
11.
5. length
12.
6. calculates
13.
7. roses
14.

/s/
reads
massages
laughs
caves
plays
maps
daniels

Exercise 1: Circle the word which has the underlined part pronounced as:

0./s/
chores
brothers
shifts
1./z/
halves
dates
kits
2./s/
speaks
bags
days
3./s/
activities
parents
feelings
4./z/
hours
projects
takes
5./z/
pets
loves
laughs
6./s/
photographs stays
questions
7./z/
weekends
basts

months

/z/

/iz/


8./iz/
problems
shares
washes
9./iz/
physics
watches
nights
10./iz/
jobs
joins
misses
Exercise 2: Choose the underlined words has pronouced differntly from the others.
1. A. neighbors
2. A. snacks
3. A. streets
4. A. cities
5. A. develops
6. A. explains
7. A. phones
8. A. proofs
9. A. involves
10. A. serves

11. A. remembers
12. A. miles
13. A. sports
14. A. makes
15. A. albums
16. A. gets
17. A. collects
18. A. stamps
19. A. envelops
20. A. athletics
21. A. things
22. A. parks
23. A. helps

B. friends
C. relatives D. photographs
B. follows
C. titles
D. writers
B. phones
C. books
D. makes
B. satellites C. series
D. workers
B. takes
C. laughs
D. volumes
B. wakes
C. phones
D. names

B. streets
C. books
D. makes
B. regions
C. lifts
D. rocks
B. believes
C. suggests D. steals
B. blocks
C. banks
D. tourists
B. cooks
C. walls
D. pyramids
B. words
C. accidents D. names
B. plays
C. households D. minds
B. views
C. reads
D. decides
B. tanks
C. shops
D. plants
B. loves
C. sings
D. buys
B.cooks
C. swims
D. claps

B. friends
C. relatives D. guitars
B. tunes
C. books
D. guitarists
B. participants C. efforts
D. skills
B. engineers C. scientists D. individuals
B. animals
C. planets
D. environments
B. provides C. documents D. texts

B. Cách phát âm đuôi ED của động từ có quy tắc.

ọc là /id/ sau từ tận cùng bằng âm /d/ hoặc /t/.
need needed

decide decided

want wanted

start started

ọc là /t/ sau từ tận cùng bằng âm /k/, /p/, /f/ (-gh,-ph), /s/, // (-sh), /t/ (-ch), // (-th), /ks/ (-x)
wash washed

book booked

stop stopped

watch watched

fax faxed....

ọc là /d/ sau từ tận cùng bằng các âm còn lại.
play played

plan planned

offer offered

bathe bathed

call called

borrow borrowed

*Notes:
* Các tính từ tận cùng bằng ED thì đuôi ED cũng đợc phát âm nh cách phát âm của động từ có quy tắc. Tuy nhiên,
một số tính từ cổ tận cùng bằng -ed, hoặc một số trạng từ tận cùng bằng -edly, thì -ed đợc phát âm là /id/.
Adjectives:
/id/
naked : khỏa thân
crooked : cong, oằn
rugged : gồ ghề
learned : uyên bác
Adverbs:
/id/
deservedly : xứng đáng

supposedly: cho là

ragged : nhàu, cũ

wretched : khốn khổ

markedly : một cách rõ ràng, đáng chú ý

allegedly : cho rằng

Exercise1: Check the correct column according to how the ed- is pronounced:
Talked, missed, naked, called, occurred, wretched, invited, polluted, studied, closed, laughed,
markedly, collected, rugged, watched, rented, robbed, devervedly, looked, ended, demanded, washed,


started, needed, boiled, enjoyed, plugged, named, singed, faxed, followed, filled, robbed, passed, finished,
printed, explained, waited, wailed, exceeded, played, stayed, showed, worked, touched.
/d/

/t/

/ id /

Exercise 2: Choose the underlined words has pronouced differntly from the others.
24. A. invited
25. A. removed
26. A. knocked
27. A. looked
28. A. wanted
29. A. laughed

30. A. believed
31. A. lifted
32. A. practiced
33. A. collected
34. A. walked
35. A. watched
36. A. approached
37. A. admired
38. A. played
39. A. collected
40. A. placed
41. A. hoped
42. A. equipped
43. A. worked
44. A. sponsored
45. A. played
46. A. dived
47. A. protected
48. A. stationed
49. A. parked
50. A. studied

B. attended
B. washed
B. naked
B. laughed
B. parked
B. passed
B. prepared
B. lasted

B. ranged
B. changed
B. entertained
B. stopped
B. stocked
B. looked
B. admired
B. discarded
B. practiced
B. attracted
B. delivered
B. pumped
B. answered
B. traveled
B. stopped
B. destroyed
B. belonged
B. watched
B. raised

C. celebrated
C. hoped
C. stopped
C. moved
C. stopped
C. suggested
C. involved
C. happened
C. washed
C. formed

C. reached
C. pushed
C. developed
C. missed
C. liked
C. watched
C. stopped
C. added
C. transferred
C. watched
C. enjoyed
C. stayed
C. cooked
C. included
C. established
C. endangered
C. played

D. displayed
D. missed
D. called
D. stepped
D. watched
D. placed
D. liked
D. decided
D. touched
D. viewed
D. looked
D. improved

D. painted
D. hoped
D. called
D. wanted
D. named
D. participated
D. received
D. contented
D. locked
D. looked
D. replaced
D. needed
D. studied
D. stopped
D. worked

MẸO ĐỌC ĐUÔI -S/-ES VÀ -ED
I. Với đối tượng là học sinh yếu và trung bình:


1. Các từ có đuôi “-ed”: Học sinh chỉ cần nhớ 2 nhóm như sau:
Nhóm 1: Trước “-ed” là “ t và d” (Vì có ít chữ nên tôi không gán âm)
Nhóm 2:
Chữ cái trước -ed
th
k
f/gh p
ss/x/ce
Từ được gán
thôi không

phì
phèo
sợ

sh
sẽ

Nhóm 3: Các trường hợp còn lại (Không cần nhớ)
2. Các từ có đuôi “-s/-es”: Học sinh chỉ cần nhớ 2 nhóm như sau:
Nhóm 1:
Chữ cái trước –es/-s
p
f/gh
k
t
Từ được gán
phải phục
kích tây
Nhóm 2:
Chữ cái trước –s/-es
Từ được gán

sh
sĩ

ss/x/ce
sợ

se/ge/z
gì

ch
chết

Nhóm 3: Các trường hợp còn lại ( Không cần nhớ)
II. Với đối tượng là học sinh khá giỏi:
- Một số từ tận cùng là “–se” phát âm là /s/: practise, promise….
- Một số từ tận cùng là “ gh” không đọc là /f/: weigh, plough….
Bài tập ứng dụng:
1. A. talked
2. A. worked
3. A. lays
4. A. waited
5. A. roses
6. A. languages
7. A. markedly
8. A. succeeds
9. A. kissed
10. A. sees
11. A. learned
12. A. widens
13. A. tombs
14. A. books
15. A. packed
16. A. confused
17. A. trays
18. A. kissed
19. A. devoted
20. A. closes
21. A. gives

22. A. watched
23. A. studies
24. A. hears
25. A. started
26. A. designed
27. A. stops
28. A. cats
29. A. agreed
30. A. measured
31. A. practised
32. A. embarrassed
33. A. walks

B. painted
B. stopped
B. says
B. mended
B. villages
B. rabies
B. allegedly
B. devotes
B. helped
B. sports
B. watched
B. referees
B. lamps
B. floors
B. punched
B. faced
B. says

B. pleased
B. suggested
B. loses
B. phones
B. crashed
B. flourishes
B. thanks
B. looked
B. preserved
B. climbs
B. tapes
B. missed
B. pleased
B. amused
B. astonished
B. begins

C. asked
C. forced
C. stays
C. objected
C. apples
C. assumes
C. needed
C. prevents
C. forced
C. pools
C. helped
C. sacks
C. brakes

C. combs
C. pleased
C. cried
C. bays
C. increased
C. provided
C. loves
C. switches
C. occupied
C. finishes
C. blows
C. decided
C. sawed
C. pulls
C. rides
C. liked
C. distinguished
C. advertised
C. surprised
C. helps

D. liked
D. wanted
D. plays
D. faced
D. matches
D. consumes
D. walked
D. coughs
D. raised

D. trains
D. wicked
D. cancels
D. invites
D. drums
D. pushed
D. defined
D. days
D. ceased
D. wished
D. chooses
D. dives
D. coughed
D. glances
D. coincides
D. coincided
D. guided
D. televisions
D. cooks
D. watched
D. managed
D. annoyed
D. decreased
D. cuts

ch
chết


34. A. shoots

35. A. practiced
36. A. concealed
37. A. tells
38. A. hours
39. A. laughed
40. A. imagined
41. A. examined
42. A. diseases
43. A. bushes
44. A. expelled
45. A. biscuits
46. A. filled
47. A. chased
48. A. beds
49. A. preferred
50. A. completes
51. A. difficulties
52 A. characters
53. A. shipped
54. A. caused
55. A. listened
56. A. gossiped
57. A. passes
58. A. arms
59. A. worried
60. A. licks
61. A. supposedly
62. A. relieves
63. A. comes
64. A. recognized

65. A. dreams
Exercise1
1. A. proofs
2. A. asks
3. A. sees
4. A. tombs
5. A. books
6. A. cats
7. A. walks
8. A. shoots
9. A. helps
10. A. hours
11. A. beds
12. A. arms
13. A. boxes
14. A. relieves
15. A. dreams
16. A. resources
17. A. carriages
18. A. offers
19. A. miles
20. A. sports
Exercise2
1. A. worked

B. grounds
B. raised
B. fined
B. talks
B. fathers

B. ploughed
B. punished
B. released
B. pleases
B. buses
B. dismissed
B. magazines
B. landed
B. wished
B. doors
B. worked
B. engines
B. enriches
B. problems
B. hitchhiked
B. promised
B. burgled
B. rumoured
B. challenges
B. suits
B. bored
B. risks
B. rubbed
B. invents
B. rolls
B. organized
B. heals

B. books
B. breathes

B. sports
B. lamps
B. floors
B. tapes
B. begins
B. grounds
B. laughs
B. fathers
B. doors
B. suits
B. classes
B. invents
B. heals
B. stages
B. whistles
B. mounts
B. words
B. households
B. stopped

C. concentrates
C. rained
C. resembled
C. stays
C. dreams
C. coughed
C. diseased
C. serviced
C. loses
C. lorries

C. encountered
C. newspapers
C. suited
C. pursued
C. plays
C. fixed
C. taxis
C. classes
C. retreats
C. traced
C. kissed
C. robbed
C. remembered
C. sexes
C. chairs
C. disappointed
C. leans
C. played
C. buys
C. takes
C. pronounced
C. kills

C. points
C. breaths
C. pools
C. brakes
C. combs
C. rides
C. helps

C. Concentrates
C. cooks
C. dreams
C. plays
C. chairs
C. potatoes
C. buys
C. kills
C. preserves
C. assures
C. pollens
C. accidents
C. minds
C. forced

D. forests
D. followed
D. resisted
D. steals
D. thinks
D. disliked
D. determined
D. ceased
D. releases
D. charges
D. returned
D. vegetables
D. crooked
D. thanked
D. students

D. fetched
D. ferries
D. enlarges
D. universities
D. repainted
D. discussed
D. chatted
D. threatened
D. tomatoes
D. boards
D. annoyed
D. drops
D. believed
D. deals
D. drives
D. denied
D. tasks

D. days
D. hopes
D. trains
D. invites
D. drums
D. cooks
D. cuts
D. forests
D. finds
D. thinks
D. students
D. boards

D. finishes
D. deals
D. tasks
D. focuses
D. costumes
D. swords
D. names
D. Plays
D. wanted


2. A. kissed
3. A. confused
4. A. devoted
5. A. catched
6. A. agreed
7. A. measured
8. A. wounded
9. A. imprisoned
10. A. a.failed
11. A. invited
12. A removed
13. A. looked
14. A. wanted
15. A. laughed
16. A.believed
17. A.lifted
18. A. collected
19. A. walked
20. A.admired

Exercise3
1. a. pollute
2. A. mechanic
3. A. compulsory
4. A. nursery
5. A. curriculum
6. A. apology
7. A. interview
8. A. certificate
9. A. scientific
10. A. especially
11. A. importance
12. A. aspect
13. A. terrific
14. A. recognize
15. A. continent
16. A. appalling
17. A. policeman
18. A. competition
19. A. accountant
20. A. Attention

B. helped
B. faced
B. suggested
B. crashed
B. missed
B. pleased
B. routed
B. pointed

B. reached
B. attended
B. washed
B. laughed
B.parked
B. passed
B. prepared
B. lasted
B. changed
B. entertained
B. looked
B. contractual
B. military
B. intensity
B. focus
B. kindergarten
B. industrial
B. certificate
B. apartment
B. availlable
B. comfortably
B. subtraction
B. careful
B. applicant
B. challenge
B. belong
B. ashamed
B. cinema
B. intelligent
B. Arabic

B. interesting

C. forced
C. cried
C. provided
C. occupied
C. liked
C. distinguished
C. wasted
C. shouted
C. absored
C. celebrated
C. hoped
C. moved
C. stopped
C. suggested
C. involved
C. happened
C. formed
C. reached
C. missed
C. reject
C. apologize
C. kidding
C. delicate
C. contaminate
C. industry
C. applicant
C. individual
C. suspicious

C. carefully
C. algebra
C. require
C. banking
C. symbolize
C. master
C. November
C. overcoat
C. automation
C. Germany
C. Influence

D. raised
D. defined
D. wished
D. coughed
D. watched
D. managed
D. risked
D. surrounded
D. solved
D. díplayed
D. missed
D.stepped
D.watched
D. placed
D. liked
D. decided
D. viewed
D. looked

D. Hoped

D. marvellous
D. miraculous
D. invaluable
D. secure
D. conventional
D. disaster
D. primary
D. biology
D. supportive
D. possibly
D. example
D. successful
D. ignorant
D. continue
D. access
D. architect
D. politics
D. information
D. chemistry
D. television

EXERCISE 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. arrived
B. believed
C. received
2. A. opened
B. knocked
C. played

3. A. rubbed
B. tugged
C. stopped
4. A. dimmed
B. travelled
C. passed
5. A. tipped
B. begged
C. quarrelled
6. A. tried
B. obeyed
C. cleaned
7. A. packed
B. added
C. worked
8. A. watched
B. phoned
C. referred
9. A. agreed
B. succeeded
C. smiled
10. A. laughed
B. washed
C. helped
11. A. walked
B. ended
C. started
12. A. killed
B. hurried
C. regretted

D. hoped
D. occurred
D. filled
D. stirred
D. carried
D. asked
D. pronounced
D. followed
D. loved
D. weighed
D. wanted
D. planned


13. A. visited
14. A. sacrificed
15. A. needed
16. A. loved
17. A. packed
18. A. filled
19. A. caused
20. A. washed
21. A. killed
22. A. imagined
23. A. called
24. A. landed
25. A. cleaned
26. A. talked
27. A. wished

28. A. considered
29. A. produced
30. A. caused
31. A. discovered
32. A. repaired
33. A. improved
encouraged
34. A. delivered
35. A. painted
36. A. tested
37. A. used
38. A. allowed
39. A. switched
40. A. recommended
41. A. annoyed
remembered
42. A. hurried
43. A. posted
44. A. dreamed
45. A. admitted
46. A. announced
47. A. complained
48. A. declared
49. A. contributed
50. A. whispered

B. showed
B. finished
B. booked
B. teased

B. punched
B. naked
B. increased
B. parted
B. cured
B. released
B. passed
B. needed
B. attended
B. fished
B. wrapped
B. rescued
B. arranged
B. examined
B. destroyed
B. invented
B. parked

C. wondered
C. fixed
C. stopped
C. washed
C. pleased
C. suited
C. practised
C. passed
C. crashed
C. rained
C. talked
C. opened

C. visited
C. arrived
C. laughed
C. pulled
C. checked
C. operated
C. developed
C. wounded
C. broadened

D. studied
D. seized
D. washed
D. rained
D. pushed
D. wicked
D. promised
D. barked
D. waived
D. followed
D. washed
D. wanted
D. started
D. stepped
D. turned
D. roughed
D. fixed
D. advised
D. opened
D. succeeded

D.

B. organized
B. provided
B. marked
B. finished
B. dressed
B. stayed
B. waited
B. phoned

C. replaced
C. protected
C. presented
C. married
C. flashed
C. believed
C. handed
C. watched

D. obeyed
D. equipped
D. founded
D. rained
D. mixed
D. cleared
D. designed
D.

B. decided

B. added
B. neglected
B. advanced
B. apologized
B. applied
B. exchanged
B. jumped
B. wandered

C. planned
C. managed
C. denied
C. appointed
C. answered
C. compared
C. excused
C. introduced
C. sympathized

D. wondered
D. arrested
D. admired
D. competed
D. argued
D. polished
D. joined
D. vanished
D. sentenced

EXERCISE 2: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others

1. A. skims
B. works
C. sits
2. A. fixes
B. pushes
C. misses
3. A. cries
B. buzzes
C. studies
4. A. holds
B. notes
C. replies
5. A. keeps
B. gives
C. cleans
6. A. runs
B. fills
C. draws
7. A. drops
B. kicks
C. sees
8. A. types
B. knocks
C. changes
9. A. drinks
B. rides
C. travels
10. A. calls
B. glasses
C. smiles

D. laughs
D. goes
D. supplies
D. sings
D. prepares
D. catches
D. hopes
D. wants
D. leaves
D. learns


11. A. schools
12. A. knives
13. A. buses
14. A. garages
15. A. ships
16. A. beliefs
17. A. books
18. A. houses
19. A. roofs
20. A. hats
21. A. gives
22. A. sees
23. A. seeks
24. A. tries
25. A. says
26. A. eyes
27. A. posts

28. A. beds
29. A. stools

B. yards
B. trees
B. horses
B. boats
B. roads
B. cups
B. days
B. knives
B. banks
B. tables
B. passes
B. sings
B. plays
B. receives
B. pays
B. apples
B. types
B. pens
B. cards

C. labs
C. classes
C. causes
C. bikes
C. streets
C. plates
C. songs

C. clauses
C. hills
C. tests
C. dances
C. meets
C. gets
C. teaches
C. stays
C. tables
C. wives
C. notebooks
C. cabs

D. seats
D. agrees
D. ties
D. roofs
D. speaks
D. apples
D. erasers
D. changes
D. bats
D. desks
D. finishes
D. needs
D. looks
D. studies
D. boys
D. faces
D. keeps

D. rulers
D. forks

30. A. buses

B. crashes

C. bridges

D. plates