lý thuyết cấu trúc song song trong tiếng anh đầy đủ

Cấu trúc song song trong tiếng Anh
Trong tiếng Việt cũng như tiếng Anh, chúng ta hay sử dụng sử dụng cấu trúc song song để liệt kê, so sánh hay đối chiếu
các vấn đề, các ý tưởng với nhau.Vậy làm thế nào để tạo ra song song ? Hôm nay chúng tôi sẽ giúp các bạn điều này.

1. Song song là gì?
Cấu trúc song song dùng khi liệt kê, so sánh hay đối chiếu các mục hay các ý tưởng. Các mục đó phải giống nhau
dạng
ngữ pháp (cùng là noun, infinitive verb phrase, DC, ….) .

Not parallel

Parallel

1. Peter is rich, handsome, and
adj adj
many people like him.
Clause
2. Mr. Henry is a lawyer, a politician,
noun noun
and he teaches.
clause
3. The soldiers approached the enemy
camp slowlyand silent.
adv adj

1. Peter is rich, handsome, and popular.
adj adj adj

4. She likes to fish, swim,
Infinitive simple form
and surfing.

V+ing

4. She likes fishing, swimming,
V+ing V+ing
and surfing.
V+ing

5. The language skills of the student in
the evening classes
compared noun
are the same as the day classes.
not compared noun

5. The language skills of the student in
the evening classes
compared noun
are the same as
the language skills of the student in the
day classes.
compared noun

2. Mr. Henry is a lawyer, a politician,
noun noun
and a teacher.
noun
3. The soldiers approached the enemy
camp slowlyand silently.
adv adv

- Lưu ý việc lặp từ trong cấu trúc song song:

• Before you write a paper or (before) (you) take a test, you must organize your thoughts.
2. Cách tạo ra song song
2.1. Cách 1: Coordinators – And, Or, But, Nor
(same structure) , (same structure) (,) and/but/or/nor (same structure)
• I need to talk to the manager or the assistant manager.
• She is not a teacher but a lawyer.
• He will leave at six and arrive at nine.
• That dress is beautiful but expensive.
• Classes can be interesting or boring.
• There are students in the claasssroom and in front of the building.
• The papers are on my desk or in the drawer.
• They are not interested in what you say or what you do.
• I am here because I have to be and because I want to be.
2.2. Cách 2: Correlative Conjunctions
- NOT ONLY………..BUT ALSO ……= BOTH ……… ……. AND…..= ….AS WELL AS…..
• He is not only an excellent student but also an outstanding athlete.
• Bob not only studies but also works.
• Robert is not only talented but also handsome.
• Beth plays not only the guitar but also the violin.
• Maria excels not only in mathematics but also in science.


• Paul Anka not only plays the piano but also composes music.
• I know both where you went and what you did.
- Lưu ý:
• Incorrect: Anh Thầy is not only famous in Minh Khai but also in Nhổn.
• Correct: He is famous not only in Minh Khai but also in Nhổn.
- “as well as” có thể được sử dụng trong câu có đồng chủ ngữ. Khi đó, cụm có “as well as” phải được ngăn cách bằng
dấu phảy và động từ phải phù hợp với chủ ngữ thứ nhất chứ không phải chủ ngữ gần nó nhất.
• Betty, as well as her parents, is going out of town.

• The teacher, as well as her students, is going to the concert.
- EITHER……OR và NEITHER…..NOR
• He wants either to go by train or to go by plane.
• Either John or his friends are going to the beach today.
• Neither the boys nor Carmen has seen this movie before.
2.3. Cách 3: Cấu trúc song song với các dạng so sánh
- Khi so sánh, các điểm tương đồng hoặc khác biệt giữa các vật phải song song với nhau.
• To be rich is better than to be poor.
• The language skills of the student in the evening classes are the same as those of the student in the day classes