Tuyển chọn phân loại bài tập di truyền hay và khó phần 2

CHWNG

I

xA H6I NGUY£:N T H U Y
Cau 1
Phan tich va neu ro npi dung (thdi gian, cong cu lao dpng vd ddi song, to
chOc xa hpi) c d c giai dogn hinti thdnh, phot trien vd tan ra c u a xd hpi
nguyenthuy.
DAPAN

1. Thcfi k i hinh thanh
a) Thdi gian : Thdi k i hinh thanh ciia che dO xa h ^ i nguyen thuy tMng
lifng vdfi thdi do da cu (each day 40 000 nSm trd ve trifdfc den 3,5 tri$u nSm).
b) To chuTc xa hoi: Bay ngUdi nguyen thuy.
Ngirdi thiforng c6 da c6 quan he hop quan goi la b^y ngif&i nguygn thuy,
s6'ng theo quan h§ ruot thit gom til 5 den 7 gia dinh, c6 ngiiiii Mng d i u .
c) Cong cu lao dong va ddi song:

diiac ghh mot mat tho so. Do la nhCfng chiec riu van n&ng. Biet dung
lijfa vk lay lijfa.
Song trong hang dong. D&i song ho^n to^n phu thu6c vao s&n duoi v^ hdi
lifom. Do la cuoc song til nhien bap benh, keo dki trien mien may trieu nam.
2. Thcfi k i phat trien
a) Thdi gian : Thdi k i phat trien cua che d6 cong xa nguyen thuy tuang
ufng v(Ji cuoi thdi do da cu, hau k i do da giQa wk do da mdri (each day 10 000
nam den 40 000 nam ve tri/dc).
b) To chvlc xa h^i:

Thi tQC, bo lac.

Tif khi ngudi tinh khon xua't hi§n, dan s6' d6ng len. Moi nhom ngUdi c6 tr§n
diidi 15 gia dinh, gom 2 - 3 the h? c6 chung dong mau, duoc goi la thi toe.


Chaang

6

I. XA HQI N G U Y E N T H U Y

Vdi ch§' d6 cong xa thi tQC mau/h§, trong thi toe c6 sU phan cong, hdp tAc
lao dong. Cac thanh vien hLfdrng thu bang nhau, cao hofn nufa la sir cong dong.
Bo lac la tap hop mOt s6' thi tQC c6 ho h^ng vdi nhau. GiCfa cac thi tpc
trong mpt hg lac c6 quan h$ gan bo giup d3 nhau.
c) Cong cu lao d^ng va ddi song :

- Cung ten : Mot thanh tifu Idn. Vdi cung t§n, ngifdi ta chuyen tii s&n
dudi sang san hAn, c6 hif u qua va an toan cao.
- Riu, dao, nao, due : Dd difOc ghe deo thanh hinh dang gon va chinh
xdc, thich hop vdi titog cong vi^c, dUOc mai nhan d ria lifSi hay toan than,
duac khoan lo hay c6 nac de tra cAn.
- Lirdi danh ca b^ng v6 cay.
- Do go'm.
Nhd cong cu lao d6ng t6't hcfn, thuTc an tang l§n ddng ke, nha't la thufc
an dong vat. NgiTdi ta c6 the rdi hang dong ra CLT trii ngoai trcri nhieu ban.
Tii san ban hai luam da tien tdti trong trot va chan nuoi. Con ngifcri da bat
dau biet khai thac thien nhien, song c6 van hod (c6 "quan do" bang da thii,
vong deo co bang v6 6c, dng sdo bang xaong, dan hkng dd,...).

7

- Giai cap xuat hien :
Khi tuf hOfu xua't hien, gia dinh cung thay doi theo. Do la gia dinh phu
he. Kha nang lao dong cua cac gia dinh cang thuc day sif phan biet giau
ngheo. Ke giau ngudi ngheo, ngifdi c6 quyen, ke bi le thuoc xuat hien nhy cai
bong ciia che dp tif hifu. The la xa hoi chia thanh giai cap.
Che do cong xa nguyen thuy tan vd. Con ngifdi dang dufng trudc ngudng
ciifa ciia thdi dai xa hoi c6 giai cap dau tien - thdi Co dai.
(De thi chinh thutc nam. 2000)

Cau 2
Ve so do ve thdi gion va moo phot trien tQ loai vaon cd den ngUdi tinh khon.
IVIieu ta hinhi dgng, cong cu son xua't, ddi song kinhi te va mdi quan h$ xa hoi
cua ngudi tinh khon trong thdi xd hpi nguy§n thuy,
DAP AN

C O

3. Thori ki tan ra :
a) Thdi gian : Thofi ki tan ra ciia che do cong xa nguy§n thuy tiTcfng iJng
vb) Cong cu lao dgng : Cong cu lao dong bkng kim loai.
Thoat tien la dong do (5 500 nam each ngay nay) roi sau do la dong
thau. Khoang 3 000 nam each ngay nay, ngifdi TSy A va Nam chau Au biet
suf dung do sat. Vdti cong cu lao dpng bling kim loai nang suat lao dpng tang
len vurgt bac. Ngifdi ta c6 the cay sau cudc bam, xe go dong thuyen di bien,
xe da xay difng.
Day thifc sif la mgt cuoc cdch mang trong san xua't. Con ngifdi c6 the
lam ra mot lifong san ph^m thifa thifdng xuyen.
c) SI/ tan ra ciia che d0 c6ng xa nguySn thuy :

- Tu hOu xuat hien : Xa hoi luc nay da c6 nhOfng chufc phSn khac nhau.
Mot so ngifdi Igri dung chufc phan de chiem mpt phdn san pham thifa. Ho c6
nhieu ciia cai hon ngudi khac. Tif hGu bat dau xua't hi§n.

a) Ve so do ve thdi gian va cac moc phat trien tCf vuan co den ngi/di tinh
khon :
Vuan CO
Ngifdi thacing co
Ngi/di tinh khon

H

6 trieu n a m

\

4 trieu nam

)(

>

4 van nam

Ngay nay

b) Mieu ta hinh dang, cong cu san xuat, ddi song kinh te va to chiic xa hoi
ciia ngudi tinh khon :

- Hinh dang :
+ Co cau tao co the nhif ngifdi ngay nay : Tran cao, mat phang, xifong
cot nho, ban tay nho, linh boat, hop so va the tich nao phat trien.
+ Ldp long mong khong con, xua't hien mau da khac nhau tuy theo thdi
tiet va dac diem ncfi cif trii. Cac chiing toe Idn ra ddi.
- Cong cu san xuat :
+ Biet ghe, mai hai ria ciia mot mat da cho gon han, sac canh hcfn, dung
lam riu, dao, nao. Biet tao ra cung ten va cac loai vu khi tho so tif xifOng
thu. Biet dan lifdi danh ca bang spi v6 cay, lam chi lifdi bang da't nung, lam
do gdm de difng, dun, na'u.
+ Cach day khoang mot van nSm con ngifdi da tien vao thdi da mdi. Ho
da tien nhanh trong viec che' tao cac cong cu bang da, hinh dang gon, nhc
va chinh xac theo yeu cau ciia tifne cong viec.


Chiiang I. X A

8
- D d i song k i n h te :
+ Chuyen

9

HOI N G U Y E N THUY
•

tijf k i n h t e h a i liJcfm, s a n hAn s a n g c h a n n u o i v a t r o n g t r o t .

Quan he

-

k i n h te

cong dong

cao n h a t =>

tac

bang

N e n k i n h t e n o n g n g h i e p so k h a i d a n d a n x u a t h i e n .

cong

ciia

tinh -

C i i a d u thiTa x u a t h i e n d a n

n g u y e n d e n x u a t h i e n c h e do t U hHu
xa

hoi

nguyen thuy

+ B i e t k h a i t h a c t r o n g t h i e n n h i e n c a i ckn t h i e t c h o cuoc s o n g c i i a m i n h ,

l a m s a c h nhOfng t a m d a t h u de c h e t h a n , l a m do t r a n g sijfc.

Cling l a m , cijng hJdng,

Quan he
xa h o i

- T o chuTc x a h o i :

- M o i c u a e a i l a c i i a c h u n g , m o i - X a h p i xua't h i e n ngufdi g i a u ,
t h a n h vien

d e u b i n h d t n g n h i f ngifcfi

ngheo

=> g i a i

hien. Xa h p i nguyen

nhau

cap

xuat

thuy ran

nuft v a t a n r a

+ G i a d i n h b a t d a u x u a t h i e n , h i n h t h a n h n h o m , m o i n h o m c6 k h o a n g
15 g i a d i n h , g o m 2 - 3 t h e h e g i a t r e c6 c h u n g d o n g m a u d u o c g o i l a t h i t g c .

(De thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Chuyen Ld Khiet)

+ N h i e u t h i t o e q u a n c\i t r o n g m o t k h u vifc dqoc g o i l a b o l a c , dufng d a u
bo l a c l a cac g i a l a n g h a y t i j t r i J d n g , giufa cac t h i t p c t r o n g m o t b p l a c t h q d n g
CO q u a n h e g d n b o v d i n h a u , g i u p d 8 n h a u .

(Be thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Chuyen Tien Clang)

Cau 3

Cau 4
Lgp sd do the hi^n si; tien trien cue xa hoi nguyen thuy,
DAP AN

So sdnh hai gici dogn phat trien cua xd hpi thi tpc thdi nguyen thuy.

Da cu sd ki
(4 trieu ndm)

DAP AN
So sdnh

Thi tpc m l u h#

Thi tpc phy h#

T h d i gian

- 4 0 000 n a m trUdc C o n g

- 6 0 0 0 n a m trUdc C o n g

ki thuat

n g u y e n : ngiTdi t i n h k h o n .

nguyen^ : ngifdi t i n h k h o n .

H a u k i d a cQ - do d a m d i

Dong - sat ( k i mk h i )

C o n g cu

-

lao

m a i sac suf d u n g c6 h i e u q u a .

dong

-

Dao, nao b a n g da, r i u da da -

R i u , dao, h e m , h a i b a n g k i m

l o a i =:> n a n g sua't t a n g , ciia d u

P h a t m i n h c u n g t e n => e a c h thCfa x u a t h i e n

thufc k i e m
song
T o chufc
xa h o i

- H a i luam,

san bat, trong trot

Kim khi
(5 500 nam)

- Dao, n a o , lao - cung t e n

- R i u , dao, l i e m h a i

- S a n b a t , h a i lucfm

- H a i lifcsm, s a n b a n

- L a m g o m v a d e t t h u cong

- d trong hang

- 0 n h a l e u - c6 q u a n a o ,

-

t r a n g sufc

trong trot

- N g i f d i t h i f c f n g co

- Ngadi tinh khon

- B a y ngifdi

- T h i toe -

thuy

nguyen

Chan

nuoi,

bO l a c

trao

doi,

- Gia dinh

phu he T i r hufu

- Cling lao dong, hifdng t h u . B i n h dang
v a k i n h t r o n g ngifcfi g i a

(De thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Chuyen Ly TU Trong)

- T r o n g t r p t , chSn nuoi, t h u y l o i ,

- C h a n n u o i - d a n h ca => v a i l a m g o m , d e t , t r a o d o i => v a i t r o
ngUdi d a n b a ducrc de eao
t r o ngLfcfi d a n b a dUtfc de cao
- G i a d i n h - t h i toe.

- G i a d i n h - t h i toe.

- B o lac. C o n c a i l a y t h e o h o m e

- B o lac. C o n c a i l a y t h e o h o c h a

S i n h b o a t - 0 l e u ( n h a ) , m a c q u a n a o , deo - 0 n h a - cuf t r u o n d i n h , m a c
q u a n a o , deo d o t r a n g sure, c6
do t r a n g sure, c6 n h a c cu
n h a e eu

' TCf nav trudc

Da mdi
(10 000 n i m )

- R i u t a y t h o sot

mang k i thuat
Phqorng

Da cu hau ki
(40 000 nam)

COHL'

nuuven

duac viet In T C N .

Cau 5
Qua nhCfng la) Em hdy cho blet nhCng td chCfc xd hO'i cua xd hOI nguyen thuy. Quan he
trong xd hpi nguyen thuy. Vi sao c6 quan h$ do ?
b) SU xudt hi^n cong cu lao dOng kim loqi dd c6 y nghla nhU the ndo ?
c) Do ddu md c6 sU xudt hl^n tU hQu ? TU hOu xudt hi^n dd ddn den sU thay
ddi trong xd hpi nhU the' ndo ?
i


10

Chuang I.XA HOI NGUYEN THUY
DAP AN
a) Nhifng to chttc xa hoi cua xa hoi nguyen thuy :

11
cong viec chung va hufdng m o t k h a u p h a n nhieu hon ngUcJi khac : tU hCTu xuat
h i e n , quan he cong dong h i pha v d .

- Bay ngufcfi nguyen thuy :

- T L T huTu xuat h i e n da dSn den sU thay doi t r o n g xa h o i :

Day l a to chuTc xa h o i dau t i e n ciia loai ngUdi. Ho song quay quan theo
quan he r u o t t h i t v6i nhau, gom 5 - 7 gia d i n h . Do bay gicr chtfa c6 nhCifng
quy d i n h xa h o i nen ngifcfi t a goi l a nhOng hop quan xa h o i .

* Do cong viec nang nhoc nhtf cay hiia, l a m thuy l o i , dan b i n h , t i m thiJc
a n ngon v a t la of xa, ngufdi dan ong eo vai tro t r u cot t r o n g gia d i n h . Gia
d i n h phu he xuat h i e n thay the cho gia d i n h b i n h dang thcfi nguyen t h u y .

- To chufc t h i toe :
La to chufc t r e n

dLfd'i

* K h a n a n g lao dong eiia cac gia d i n h cung thiic day t h e m sU p h a n biet
15 gia d i n h gom 2 - 3 the he gia tre eo chung dong

giau ngheo.

mau, ducfc goi la t h i toe nhufng ngirdi "cCing ho". DuTng dau l a tpc trucfng.
- To ehuTe bo lac :

* Nhijfng ngirori eo chufc p h a n chiem doat m o t phan san p h a m xa h o i l a m

cua r i e n g .

Bo lac l a m o t to chufc I d n hcfn, bao gom m o t so t h i toe song canh nhau,
CO ho h a n g v d i nhau va cimg m o t nguon goc to t i e n . Dufng dau l a t u tri/omg.
- Quan he t r o n g xa h o i nguyen thuy :
L a hop tac lao dong, hufdng t h u b ^ n g nhau. su' eong dong : m o i ciia cai,
m o i s i n h boat dufgc coi la chung.
- V i sao CO quan he do ?
* Do yeu cau ciia cong viec va t r i n h do lao dong.

NhU vay, xa h o i da p h a n chia t h a n h ke giau ngUdi ngheo, ke c6 quyen
life va nguori h i le thuoc. X a h o i p h a n chia t h a n h giai cap. Nhufng ngu:cfi c6
dia v i k i n h te, c h i n h t r i to chufc r a bo may nha nUde de bao ve quyen Igi eiia
m i n h . . . , xa h o i nguyen thuy t a n r a .
(De thi de nghi cua TrUdng Trung hoc Chuyen ban Thi xS Cao Lanh)

Cau 6
Lgp b a n g so sdnh, phan tich sa khac nhau ve : Nien d g i , thdi dgi khao c d , kT

* Tii lieu s a n xuat la ruong, ao, ho, rCrng chua c6 dieu k i e n k h a i thae,

thugt c h e t a c va logi hinh c o n g c u lao d p n g , phUdng thC/c kiem song, ddi

n a n g suat t h a p , thufc an ehufa nhieu,... .

song vgt chdt v d guan he xd hoi g\Qa hai thdi ki b a y ngLfdi nguyen thuy vd

Do dieu k i e n t i i n h i e n va cuoc song kho k h a n , ho p h a i l a m chung, a n
chung, t h a m chi a ehung.

c o n g xd thj tgc.
DAP AN

b) SI/ xuat hien cong cu lao dong kirn loai da c6 y nghia :
- TCr 5 500 n a m den k h o a n g 4 000 n a m each ngay nay, ngifcfi t a da biet
dung dong thau de due vu k h i , cong cu lao dong.

1)

- K h o a n g 3 000 n a m trade day, dan Tay A va N a m chau A u da b i e t due
va dung do sSt.
- Cong cu k i m k h i da mof r a thcfi dai m d i ma tac dung va n a n g suat lao
dong vufgrt xa t h d i dai do da. N h a t la sit giup ngudi k h a i pha, cay sau, cuoc
bSm, xe go dong t h u y e n , xe da. Day la cuoc each m a n g t r o n g san xuat, ngifofi
ta CO the l a m r a m o t lugng san p h a m thiTa de nuoi song m i n h . No da dem
i a i b i e n d6i I d n t r o n g san xuat va ddi song ciia ngUdi nguygn t h u y .
c) Su xuat hien tU hHu :
M o t so ngufori Igi dung chiiTc phan (toe trUorng, t u t r u d n g , chi huy dan
b i n h , phu t r a c h le nghi) chie'm m o t p h a n san p h a m x a hoi k h i chi eho cac

N i e n dai
2)
T h d i k i do
da cu
3)
K i thuat che
tac va loai
h i n h cong
cu lao dong

B a y ngUcJi nguyen thuy

C o n g xa thj tpc

- Cach day k h o a n g tii

- Cach day khoang tii 4 v a n n a m

4 t r i e u n a m den 4 v a n

den 6 000 n a m

nam
- T i i t h d i scf k i da cu - T d t h d i hau k i da eii den h e t
den h e t t h d i t r u n g k i t h d i da m d i
da cu
- Ngudi t h u g n g cd b a t - Cach ngay nay tii 4 v a n n a m
dau biet che cong eu den 1 v a n n a m T C N : V d i k i
goi la do da cu (tho t h u a t ghe da, ngudi t i n h k h o n che
kech), t h a y r i u t a y tao r a nhieu loai cong cu cam tay
n h u r i u , dao, nao, lao, ... va biet
"van nang"
che cung t e n


Chaong I. XA HOI N G U Y E N T H U Y

12

- Cdch n g ^ y nay tif 1 v a n nSm

den 6 000 nSm : Vdi k i t h u a t m a i ,
khoan, cifa (dd), con ngucri b i e t
che tao n h i e u l o a i cong cu t h i c h
hop cho tCrng cong viec, h i n h dang
gon, dep, c h i n h xac va biet Ikm
do gom, dan l\Xdi (danh ca)

4)

- S&n hit,

h d i lucfm

PhUorng thufc
k i e m song
5)
Dori so'ng
v a t chat

C6n dua v^o tu
n l i i e n , d d i so'ng bap
benh, thap k e m
- NgU&i tliuTcfng CO song
cf hang dong, m a i da, ...
- B i e t giO liifa va tao
ra liifa

6)
Quan he
xa h o i

Co quan he hop quan
xa h o i : Co ngirdi dilng
dau, c6 p h a n cong viec
giCIa n a m va nU, cung
chSm soc t r e em

TU s&n b a n , h a i luom, d d n h ca,
t i e n tdi biet t r o n g t r o t va chSn
nu6i
- Con ngUori b i e t k h a i thdc t h i e n
nhi§n phuc vu cuoc s6'ng :
+ Chii d6ng t i m k i e m thuTc a n
+ Chuyen tii k i n h te hAi lufcfm
sang san xua't
- Ngucfi t i n h k h o n b i e t cir t r u
"nha cijfa", c6 n h u cau che t h a n
cho a m v ^ cho "c6 v a n hoa", biet
dung do t r a n g siJc
- Xuat h i e n t h i toe, bo lac
- H o p tac lao dong
- Cung l a m , cung hudng nhiT nhau
- M a n g t i n h cong dong
- K h o n g c6 tir hQu va hoc l o t

13
- T h a n h tiTu khoa hoc chufng m i n h :
+ Khoa hoc da t i m dufoc hkng chu'ng n o i l e n sir p h a t t r i e n lau d a i ciia
s i n h g i d i : D o n g v a t cap t h a p len dong v a t cap cao. D i n h cao ciia qua t r i n h
nay la sir chuyen b i e n tiT vUOn t h a n h ngudi.

+ CJ chfing dau ciia qua t r i n h p h a t t r i e n , xuat h i e n loai viTOn c6, c6 the
duTng va d i b a n g h a i chan. Xirong hoa t h a c h duac t i m t h a y or D o n g P h i - Tay
A - T r u n g Quo'c va V i e t N a m .
+ Cdch ngay nay k h o a n g 4 t r i e u n a m viTcfn cd chuyen b i e n t h a n h ngudi
thirong cd (neu m o t so d&c d i e m cua ngUdi thiTcfng cd). D i cot t i m t h a y of
Dong P h i , Gia-va (In-do-ne-xi-a), Bac

K i n h ( T r u n g Qudc).

+ Qua lao dong, che tao cong cu va suf dung cong cu,... con ngiTdi tiTng
hudc t\i cai b i e n , hoan t h i e n m i n h .
- Quan d i e m duy v a t khoa hoc la dung d a n .

(De thi de nghi cua Trt/dng THPT Nguyen Du)
Cau 8

a) Neu di§n bien hai bade nhdy vot trong qua trinh tl§'n hod tO vao'n thanh
ngadi hi0n dpi,
b) "Con ngadi ta cai bien minh, hodn thi$n minh tang bade nhd lao dpng"
(sdch gido khoa Ljch sCf Idp 10, trang 4).
- Hdy gidi thich y kien tren.
- Khi lao dpng chdn toy gidm di dang ke, con ngadi se ta cdi bien minh
bdng each ndo de gia dadc chdn toy vd hinh ddng dep de ?
DAPAN

(Be thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Ben Tre)

a) DiSn bien hai bade nhay vot trong qua trinh tien hoa tCf vMn thanh ngadi:

Cau 7

Co may quan diem ve nguon goc loai ngudi ? Daa vao nhJng thdnh ti/u
khoa hoc da dUdc hoc hoqc doc them, hdy trinh bay quan diem cua em ve
van de nay.
DAP AN
- Co h a i quan d i e m ve nguon go'c loai ngi^di :
+ Quan dig'm duy t a m , t o n giao (do thifong de, t h a n t h d n h tao ra).
+ Quan d i e m duy v a t khoa hoc (do m o t dong v a t cao cd'p - giong vUcfn cd
bien hoa t h a n h ) .

- BiXdc n h a y v o t thuf n h a t : VUdn t h a n h ngudi thifong cd :
+ Viron cd song each ngay nay k h o a n g 6 t r i e u n a m d D o n g P h i , T a y A ,
T r u n g Qud^c va a V i e t N a m .
+ C6 the d i dufng b a n g h a i chan, d u n g tay de cam n a m , Sn thiTc v a t va
dpng v a t n h d .
+
-I-

Cach day 4 t r i e u nSm viTcfn cd b i e n t h a n h ngiTcfi thifong cd.
Ngirdi thirpng cd d i diJng bang h a i chan, d o i tay duorc tiT do de suf dung

cong cu. Nao da xuat h i e n t r u n g t a m p h a t t i e n g n o i , d i cot t i m t h a y d In-done-xi-a, D o n g P h i , B^c

Kinh.


14

Chifang

- Bade

15

I. XA H O I N G U Y E N T H U Y

nhay v o t thur h a i : Ngtrcfi t h u g n g c6 t h a n h ngudi t i n h k h o n :

Ban c h a t cua x a h o i n g u y e n t h u y : L a m o t x a h o i c o n g b a n g va b i n h dang,

+ K h o a n g 4 v a n nSm each ngay nay, ngudi t i n h k h o n xuat h i e n con goi
la ngufdi h i e n d a i .

t i n h c o n g d o n g b i i t buoc do c o n ngiTdi p h a i diTa vao n h a u de t o n t a i .

b) So sanh xa hoi nguyen thuy va xa hoi cong san van minh :

+ Ngirdi t i n h khon c6 cau tao ccr the n h u ngifcri hien dai, xuat hien chung toe.
Npi dung
so sanh

+ D i cot ngudi t i n h k h o n t i m t h a y d k h a p eac chau lue t r e n the gidi.

b) Giai thich y kien ''Con ngifdi tut cai hien minh, hoan thien minh titng bifdc
nhd lao dong":
+ Qua lao dong ehe tao va sijr dung cong cu lao dong, b a n tay con ngufdi
kheo leo d a n .

Xa hoi
cpng san van minh

Xa hpi
nguyen thuy

B a n chat

B i n h dang, cong bang

B i n h dang, cong bang

Co s d v a t
chat xa h o i

Cong cu t h o so. N a n g sua't

Cong cu p h a t t r i e n va hoan

lao dong
lao dong tha'p, c h i dii a n , t h i e n . N a n g sua't
cao, ciia c a i v a t chat d i i cho
k h o n g CO thira

+ Do lao dong, eo the con ngu&i cung bien doi theo de c6 t u the t h i c h hop.
+ Do n h u eau lao dong, n h u cau trao ddi tie'ng n o i xuat h i e n va ngay
cang t h u a n thuc.
Nhd

t a t ca m o i ngiTdi

Y thdc

T i n h cong dong b ^ t buoc

T i i nguyen l a m theo n a n g luc
hirdng theo n h u cau

lao dong con ngudi da h o ^ n t h i g n m i n h .

(De thi dc nghi cua Tntdng THPT Mac Dinh Chi)

- Sir cai bien cua con ngudi t r o n g tuong l a i :
+ Lao dong chan tay g i a m d i , n h u n g sir t i e n hoa ciia loai ngudi h i e n nay
k h o n g hoan toan 1$ thuoc vao lao dong ma p h a n I d n le thuoc vao t r i n h dp
van m i n h .

CHlfONG

+ Con ngirdi se c6 nhuTng phiTong phap t h i c h hop de giiir va l a m t a n g ve
dep h i n h the cua m i n h :

II

X A HOI C O DAI

Tap t h e due, the thao.
* Tao r a m o i trirdng song t h i c h hop k h i m o i trUdng ben ngoai thay d d i
bat l o i cho viec duy t r i h i n h dang dep.

Cau 1 0
Trinh b a y n h Q n g t h d n h t i i u n d i b g t c u a n e n v d n h o d c d d p i p h U d n g D o n g ?

C h o b i e t t h d n h t a u n d o c 6 y n g h l a Idn nhd't d o i v d i v d n m i n h l o d i n g i i d i ?

(De thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Nguyen

Du)

DAP AN

Cau 9
Trinh b a y tinh c p n g d o n g c u a t h i t o e , q u a d o n e u b a n chd't c u a x d h o i
n g u y e n t)rty^y ? H d y n e u sU g i b n g . n h a u v d ln g u y e n t h u y v6i xd hpi c p n g son v d n minh.

DAP AN
a) Tinh cong dong

ciia thi tgc :

- Co sd tao n e n t i n h cong dong : H a i nguyen tSc vang la hop tac lao
dong (hop sdc k i e m &n) va hudng t h u bfing nhau (chia deu thdc an).
- T h i toe CO t i n h cong dong v i t h d i nguyen thuy cong cu qua t h o so,
n a n g suat lao dong t h a p n e n con ngirdi p h a i dua vao nhau m d i t o n t a i diroc.
T i n h cong dong la n e n t a n g eua t h i toe.

a) NhCfng thanh ti/u ndi bat cua nen van hoa c6daiphiiOng

Dong:

- L i c h siV t h i e n v a n :
+ T h i e n v a n hoc va l i c h l a n g a n h khoa hoc r a d d i sdm n h a t , xuat p h a t

tCr n h u cau san xuat nong nghiep.
+ Ngudi phirong Dong c6 d a i da biet n g h i e n eufu boat dong ciia M a t T r d i ,
M a t T r a n g va quan sat cac ngoi sao d i chuyen t r e n bau t r d i . TiT n h d n g hieu
biet t h i e n v a n hoc sO k h a i , ngiTdi ta t i n h chu k i t h d i gian va mua.
+ Ngudi A i Cap cd d a i t i n h difoc m o t n a m cd 360 ngay, chia t h a n h 12
t h a n g . Ngudi L u d n g H a con chia m o t t h a n g cd 4 t u a n , m o t ngay d e m c6 12
gid, mot gid cd 30 phut.


16

Chuang II. XA HOI CO DAI

+ NgUori Ladng
nguyet thiTc.

H a con xay d a i t h i e n v a n 7 tang, t i n h dMc n h a t thiTc,

17

Cau 11
So v6i vdn hod c d d g i phaong Dong, v a n hod c d d p i Hi Lap vd R6-ma phdt

- Chur viet va g h i chep :

trien nhiJ the ndo (ve mat lich, chQ viet, khoa hoc, van hoc, ngh$ thugt) ? Vi

+ ChOf viet xuat hien sdm nhat d A i Cap, each day 5000 nam den 6000 nam.

sao van hod c d dgi Hi Lap vd Ro-ma Igi phdt trien dUdc nha the ?

+ D a n g ehuf dau t i e n a A i Cap la chuf tUcrng h i n h . CJ Lxidng H a eo ehiJ

DAP AN

t i e t h i n h eua ngudi Su-me.
+ Ve sau p h a t t r i e n t h a n h chijf tiTdng y .

a) Van hoa cd dai Hi Lap va Ro-ma phat trien han trud'c :

- PhUcfng t i e n g h i chep :

- Ve l i c h :
+ Caeh t i n h l i c h c h i n h xac h o n va r a t g a n v d i hieu b i e t ngay nay. Quan

+ NgUdi A i Cap v i e t t r e n giay pa-pi-rut.

n i e m va ecf sd t i n h lich l a DdOng l i c h (phuong Dong la A m lich).

-I- NgLTcfi Lufdng H a viet chu" t r e n d a t set r o i nung kho.
+ NgUori T r u n g Quo'e khae chiJ t r e n xuTctng t h u , m a i riia. Ve sau viet t r e n
the t r e (hoae true) va lua.

+ Quan n i e m T r a i D a t n h u qua cau t r d n .
-I- Ngufdi Rd-ma da t i n h diioe m o t n a m cd 365 ngay va 1/4, n e n ho d i n h
m o t t h a n g I a n lufot cd 30 va 3 1 ngay, r i e n g t h a n g h a i cd 28 ngay ; cdn ngudi

- T o i i n hoc :
+ NgLfdi A n Do da sang tao r a chO so 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,..., 9, ke ca so 0.
+ NgUdi A i Cap r a t gioi ve h i n h hoe, t i n h duoc so' Pi - 3,16 va biet t i n h

phUflng Dong t i n h m o t n a m chi cd 360 ngay dem.
+ Hieu biet ve lich eiia ngUdi H i Lap va Rd-ma la ccf sd de t i n h lich ngay nay.
- Ve ehU viet :

dien tich cac hinh,.., .
-I- NgLfdi Lifong H a gioi ve so hoc, biet l a m 4 phep t i n h , p h a n so (2/3,

+ Phuong Dong cd chU tugng h i n h . H i L a p va Rd-ma da sang tao r a he
t h o n g c h u cai. Day la m o t p h a t m i n h va cong h i e n I d n lao ciia cU d a n D i a

5/6, 3/6) va k h a i can bae 2, bac 3,... .

V 6 i nhOrng cong thuTe, d i n h l i ngiiori phuong Dong eo d a i da c6 the l a m T r u n g H a i cho loai ngUdi.
nhCTng bai toan phuTc tap. Nhijfng hieu biet ve toan hoc eua hp da de l a i nhieu
k i n h nghiem quy bau, chuan h i cho bifdc phat t r i e n cao hon d t h d i k i sau.
- K i e n true, dieu khSc :

- Ve khoa hoc :
+ Phuong Dong chi m d i diing l a i d nhOng hieu biet khoa hoc, cdn cU dan
Dia T r u n g H a i da biet k h d i quat t h a n h nhUng d i n h l i , d i n h de d a t eo sd cho

Ngirdi phuong Dong c6 d a i eo n h i e u cong t r i n h k i e n true, dieu khae tuyet cac n g a n h khoa hoc ngay nay.
vc/i, do so..., the h i e n su lao dong sang tao va t a i n a n g ciia con ngudi.
+ T h a n h t h i c6 Ha-rap-pa a A n Do.

-I- Neu m o t so' d i n h luat va m o t sd nha khoa hoe tieu bieu.
-I- Sd hoc : PhUotng Dong c h i la sU g h i chep t a n m a n , t h u a n t u y "bien

+ O Luflng H a c6 t h a n h t h i cd Ba-bi-lon, vudn treo Ba-bi-lon, tiiong dau n i e n " . Cac suf gia H i L a p va Rd-ma da biet t a p h o p t a i lieu, p h a n t i c h va

bo v.v...
t r i n h bay ed he thd'ng l i c h sd m o t nUdc hay m o t C U Q C chien t r a n h .
+ d A i Cap C O K i m tu' t h a p , tuong N h a n sU.

+ Neu t e n m o t sd n h a sd hoc va cac tac p h a m cua ho : He-rd-dd't, Taxit,... .

- Y hoc :
+ NgUcfi A i Cap hieu ro ve cau tao ca the con ngirdi (nhd iJdp xae...).
+ Ngudi L u d n g H a , T r u n g Qude, A n Do,... da biet each chuTa nhieu loai
benh khae nhau.
h) T h a n h tUu c6 y nghia Idn n h a t dd'i v d i n e n v a n m i n h loai ngi/di la chuf
viet, v i day la m o t p h a t m i n h Idn, bieu h i e n v a n m i n h cua loai ngudi.
(Oc thi I hinh Ihuc

nJm 2U(>ii<

-I- D i a l i : N h a dia l i hoc X t r a - b d n cua H i L a p eo d a i ed nhieu ddng gdp
noi t i e n g t r o n g viec t i m hieu vung D i a T r u n g H a i va de l a i nhieu t a i lieu cd
gia t r i .
- V a n hoe :
+ d phuong Ddng m d i chi cd van hoc dan gian, d Dia Trung H a i da xuat
hien nhUng nha van-r6-ten'tiaei,-4e4ai-^^^^
gia t r i den ngay nay.


18

Chaang II. XA H p I CO DAI

+ N e u nhOrng n h a v a n n o i t i e n g va nhufng tac p h a m ciia ho : Ho-me-ra,

Xo-phoc-lor,... .
- Nghe t h u a t :
+ d phu-otng D o n g cd nhufng cong t r i n h do so nhu : V a n h' trUcfng t h a n h ,
K i m t u t h a p , ... con a H i L a p va R6-ma de l a i nhieu tifcfng va den d a i m a n g
gia t r i h i e n thuc, n h a n dao va tror t h a n h nhOng kieu mSu cho d d i sau ;
T u o n g liic S I n e m d i a , t h a n Ve nuT Mi-16... Cac cong t r i n h k i e n true cung d a t
t d i t r i n h do tuyet m i n h i f : D e n Pac-te-nong, dau triTdng Co-li-de,... .

19
DAP AN
C h i t i e t k h o n g dung :
3. K h o a n g 2000 n a m T C N cU d a n d liJu vqc nay da b i e t suf dung cong cu
bang sat.
5. H o sd^ng chu yeu b a n g nghe chan nudi gia sue I d n .
6. H o xay dqng duoc nhiJfng K i m t q t h a p c6 gia t r i ngh§ t h u a t cao chila
dung n h i e u k i t h u a t k i e n true phdc t a p .
(Oe thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Phu Nhuan)

b) V a n hoa cd d a i H i L a p , R6-ma c6 the p h a t t r i e n difcfc n h u t h e v i :
- T h d i g i a n h i n h t h a n h : Ra d d i muon h o n cac qudc gia cd d a i phifong
D o n g ( h a n g n g h i n n a m ) do do da t i e p t h u ke thira n e n v a n m i n h ciia cac
quo'c gia cd d a i phuorng D o n g .
- Do dieu k i e n tU n h i e n : Cau n d i giao luu giuTa cac vung, t i e p xuc v d i
bien da m d r a cho ho m o t chan t r d i m d i .
- Sq p h a t t r i e n cao h a n ve m a t k i n h te, c h i n h t r i xa h o i : Co sd k l
t h u a t , dd sat, k i n h te cong thiTOng nghiep va h a n g h a i ; v a i t r d ciia t a n g Idp
t r i thufc xa h o i .

Cau 13
Hdy Idp b a n so sdnh nhQng d d c diem ve kinh te - xd hpi vd chinh trj c u a c d c

q u d c gia c d dqi phQdng Ddng vdi c d c q u d c gia c d dqi Dia Trung Hdi.
DAP AN
B a n g so sanh :

K e t l u a n : Cac dieu k i e n t r e n la co sd de cac d a n toe H i L a p va Rd-ma
sang tao r a n e n v a n hoa cao h o n t h d i trqdc.

Dac
diem

Cac qudc gia
cd dai phi/dng Dong

Cac qudc gia cd dai
Dja Trung H c i i

(De thi chinh thClc nam 2002)

Kinh

Dieu k i e n t i i n h i e n thuan I q i :

te'

d liiu vqc cac ddng song I d n ,

Nhor cd b i e n D i a T r u n g H a i n e n
sq giao t h o n g giufa cac nufdc v d i
nhau t h u a n I q i . P h a n I d n l a n h
t h d la n u i va cao nguyen. D a t

canh tac i t , k h o n g m a u md ->
k i n h te t h u cong nghiep, thiiong
nghiep p h a t t r i e n

Cau 12

miia deu d a n , k h i h a u a m
ndng...

Doc d o g n viet sou d a y vd chi ra nhQng chi tiet khong dung :

K i n h te : N o n g nghiep t h a m

NhQng dieu ki^n hinh thanh yo phdt trien c u a c d c q u d c gia c d d q i phUdng
Dong :

canh, t h u cong nghiep, chan
nuoi

1. Che dp cong xd thi tpc tan rd, thdi ki mdi bdt d a u bang sa xudt hi$n t a hQu,
2. Lau vac c d c d d n g song Idn d c h d u A - Phi Id ndi c d di§u ki^n thuqn Idi de
xd hpi c d giai c a p vd nhd nadc x.udt hi^n.
3. Khodng 2000 n d m TCN c a d d n d lau vac n d y d d biet sCf dung c o n g c u
bdngsdt.
i,
4. c a d d n song g d n b d vdi nhau bdi c o n g t d c thuy Idi.
5. Ho so'ng c h u y e u b d n g nghd c h d n nudi gia sue Idn.
6. Ho xdy d a n g d a d c nhOng kim t a thdp c d gid trj ngh# thugt c a o chQa
d a n g nhieu kTthudt kien true phac t a p .
7. Ket c d u xd hpi taang Qng vdi nen kinh te ndng nghiep thdm canh,

Xa h o i

P h a n chia t h a n h 3 giai cap :

Xa h p i CO 3 giai cap :

- Quy tdc : T a n g Idp cd dac

-

quyen

k i n h te, chinh t r i

- N o n g d a n cong xa : T a n g
Idp xa h o i can b a n va la
t h a n h p h a n san xuat chu
yeu

- B i n h d a n : D a n t q do cd nghe

- No le : L a m viec hau ha
t r o n g cung d i n h , d e n mieu,
nha quy toe va nhufng cong
viec n a n g nhoc n h a t

Chu no : R a t giau, cd the luc

nghiep,

t a i san, t q s i n h

sdng

b i n g lao dong ciia ban t h a n
- N o le : C h i e m so luqng I d n la
Iqc lufong san xua't chii yeu, phuc
vu cac n h u cau d d i sdng, hoan
toan le thupc vao ngUdi chii mua
m i n h . K h o n g c6 chiit quyen nao


20

21

Chaang II. XA H p I CO DAI

- Che' dp quan chu chuyen - Che dp dan chii : Chinh quyen
che trung Ucfng tap quyen, thupc ve cac cong dan : Dai hoi
vua ty xUng la "Thien tuf" c6 cong dan bau va cijr ra cac co quan
quyen hanh tuyet doi ve nha nudc, quyet dinh moi cong
chinh tri, quan siJ va ca ton viec ciia nha nUdc (tinh chat dan
giao
chu rong rai).
- The che nay dua tren sir b6c lot
no le : Chi la nen chuyen chinh
ciia giai cap chu no
(De thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Nguyen

Du)

Cau 14

NgLfOc lai, thii cong va thifcfng nghiep phat trien cao nhd tai nguyen
khoang san phong phu va giao thong dudng bien thuan loi. Nghe luyen sSt
cung la mot nghe thu cong.
Kinh te cong - thuong khong can phai tap trung mot so' dan dong nhu a
phiiong Dong (vi nhu cau thuy loi). Vi vay, d Dia Trung Hai da xuat hien cac
thanh bang.
3. Dac diem ve mat nha nifoTc :
a) Phuang

Che do chuyen che cd dai. DiJng dau bp may nha nifdc la vua va la vua
chuyen che.
b) Dia Trung

Hc3y neu c a c d g c diem c u a c a c q u o c gia c d dgi phUdng Dong va c d c quoc
gia c d d q i Dia Trung Hai ve c a c mOt: ,
- Ldnh thd q u o c gia.
- The c l i e nha niJdc.
Giai thich VI sac Iqi c 6 nhOng d g c diem khac nhau nhtj v g y ?

Dong:

Hai:

The che dan chii (dan chii chii no). Tat ca cac cong dan hop thanh Dai
hoi cong dan, bau va ciJf ra cac co quan nha nifdc, quyet dinh moi cong viec

nha nUdc.
4. Giai thich :
a) Phuang

Dong:

Nen kinh te ndng nghiep la chu yeu. Vi nhu cau thuy loi, phai huy dong
mot so dong dan.
1. Dac diem cd ban ve lanh tho quoc gia
Vua chuyen che vi thufdng la ngifdi co cong tap hop va tiTOng trutig cho
a) Pbirang
Dong:
Lanh thd quoc gia la vung dat dai rong 16n (hfu vuc song Idn) phat trien su thong nhat dat niJdc.
Vua giOf dac quyen ve chinh tri va ton giao.
thanh cac quo'c gia Idn.
DAP AN

b) Dia Trung

Hai:

Lanh tho quoc gia la vung dat dai nho hep phat trien th^nh cac thanh bang.
2. Giai thich :
- O phuong Dong dan ctf tap trung tai cac vijng dong bfing ven cac song
Idn nhir song Nin, An, HSng, Hoang Ha, khong bi doi nui chia cSt.
Do nhu cau thuy loi, nen can tap trung mot so dan rat dong, lien minh
nhieu bo lac, vi vay d phuong Dong da xuat hien cac quoc gia c6 lanh tho
rong Idn.
- O vung Dia Trung Hai dat dai bi doi niii va cac eo bien chia cat thanh
cac vung thung lung nho hep, dan ciT tiTng viJng song ngan each nhau. Dat

canh tac ft, kho cuTng, nong nghiep it phat trien.

b) Dia Trung

Hai:

Nen kinh te difa chii yeu tren thu cong va thiTOng nghiep. Do sSt ra ddi
khong chi cd tac dung canh tac ma con md ra mot trinh do ki thuat cao. Thii
cong nghiep phat trien cao va toan dien. Ve thuong nghiep, md rong buon
ban trong khu vUc va cdc ntfdc phuang Dong.
Gidi chu no trd nen giau cd nhd san xuat, buon ban va bdc lot sdc lao
dong cua no le. Ho cd the luc ca ve kinh te iSn chinh tri. Ho ru sach anh
hudng v^ dia vi ciia tang Idp quy toe cu song gan vdi rupng dat.
Uy the cua quy toe xuat than la bo lao ciia thi toe da b; danh bat. Day
la mdt qua trinh dau tranh gay go quyet liet mdi gianh difoc thang Ipi.
Thang loi quyet dinh cua cupc dau tranh nay la sU hinh thanh mot the
che dan chii.
(De thi rfe nghi ciia TrUtlng THPT Chuyen Le Hong

I'hong)


22

Chuang

23

II. XA HQ I CO DAi

Cau 15

nha vua. Vua n i m

t h d n q u y i n va phdp q u y ^ n , t u quyet d i n h m p i cong

G i a i t h i c h t h a n h b a n g la g i ? Vi sao d Dia Trung Hai x u d t hi^n t h a n h b a n g ?

vi$c ciia nha nudc. Con c^c t h a n h bang or D i a T r u n g H a i (dac biet la A-ten)

P h d n t i c h t h e c h e c h i n h trj c u a t o chC/c t h a n h b a n g ( A - t e n ) . So s d n h t h e c h e

t h i chii no va b i n h d a n la nhCfng cong d a n thUc t h u ) .

c h i n h tri t h a n h b a n g ( A - t e n ) v 6 i c h e d p c h u y e n c h e c o ' d g i d p h U b n g D o n g .
DAP

Cau 16

AN

a) SU ra ddi cua to chtic thanh bang a Dia Trung

(Be thi de nghl cua Tri/dng THPT Ben Tre)

Trinh b a y n h O n g d g c t r t f n g ve kinh t ^ , x d h p i . c h i n h trj c u a che d p c h i e m n o Hi

Hai:

- Do d a t dai p h a n t a n n h o , k h o n g c6 dieu k i e n tap t r u n g dong d a n c\i a

nipt n o i .
- CiT dan song b l n g nghe t h u cong va buon ban n e n k h o n g can
t r u n g dong due.

tap

M o i vung la giang son cua mot bo lac (mot nUdc) gom t h a n h t h i va mot

L a p , R d - m a . Tinh c h d t d i e n hinh c u a x d h p i c h i e m n o t h e h i p n n h U t h e n d o ?
DAP
a) Nhvfng dac trifng ciia che dg chii'm

AN
nd Hi Lap, Rd-ma :

(xem cau 13, muc cac qudc gia cd d a i D i a T r u n g H a i ) .

vung dat dai t r o n g t r o t xung quanh. Trong t h a n h bang cU dan song tap t r u n g

b) Tinh chat dien hinh cua xa hgi chiem nd :

d t h a n h t h i . T h a n h t h i c6 pho' xa, lau dai, den thcf, san van dong, nha hat va

- So luong dong dao ciia no le t r o n g xa h p i (A-ten cd 30 ngan cong dan

quan t r o n g hon ca la c6 ben cang. Cho nen goi nU6c do la t h a n h bang.
b) The che chinh tri ci/a thanh bang

(A-ten):

- M 6 i t h a n h bang la m o t nUdc r i e n g , c6 co quan h a n h c h i n h r i e n g , quan
dpi r i e n g , l u a t phap r i e n g , tap quan r i e n g .
- DiJng dau t h a n h bang la m o t H p i dong do dan bau, n h i e m k i m o t n a m .
Chii no va b i n h dan c6 quyen cong d a n , con kieu dan va no le k h o n g c6
quyen cong d a n .
- Day la the che d a n chii t r o n g t h d i cd d a i (dudfi cac h i n h thUc dan chu
chu no, cong hoa quy tpc) hoac h i n h thufc dai h p i n h a n dan.
- O D i a T r u n g H a i , t h a n h bang c6 the che dan chii p h a t t r i e n cao n h a t
la A - t e n :

nhUng CO den 300 n g a n nd 1§).
- V a i t r o lao ddng quan t r o n g cua nd le t r o n g cac n g a n h k i n h te nong
nghiep, cdng thuong nghiep, mau dich h a n g h a i .
- Su hoc l o t t r i e t de lao dpng nd 1$ da t r d t h a n h quan he bdc l o t chii dao.
(De thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Chuyen Ly TU Trong)

Cau 17
N e u d i e u kipn ta n h i e n v d nhOng t d c d p n g c u a nhQng d i d u kipn d 6 d e n siJ hinh
t h d n h v d p h d t trien c u a c d c q u c ' c g i a c d d g i p h i J d n g E)dng v d Dja Trung Hdi.
• >

DAP

AN

a) Dieu ki$n tU nhiSn :

+ H o n 3 v a n cong d a n hop t h a n h dai h p i cong d a n , bau ra " H p i dong

- Luu vuc cac sdng I d n is chau A , chau P h i ( song N i n d A i Cap, L u 9 n g

500", cuf ra cac co quan quyet d i n h m o i cong viec n h a nUdc (300 000 no le va

Ha d I - r ^ c , sdng A n va song H a n g d A n Dp, H o a n g H a va Duong TiJf d T r u n g

15 000 k i e u d a n k h o n g c6 quyen cong dan).

Qudc, song H o n g d V i e t N a m , . . . ) , noi cd nhUng dieu k i ^ n tU n h i e n t h u a n I p i

+ " H p i dong 500" c6 vai tro n h u "Qudc h p i " , n h i e m k i m o t n a m . O day
bau 10 v i e n chUe dieu h a n h cong viec ( n h u k i e u m p t c h i n h phii) va cung c6
n h i e m k i m o t nSm. Cac v i e n chUc n a y c6 the t a i ciJf neu dupc bau.
c) So sanh v6i che do chuyen

che c6 dai phucfng Dong :

Mac du v a n con b a n che la no le, k i e u d a n va phu nU k h o n g c6 quyen
cong d a n , nhUng so v d i che dp chuyen che' cd dai d phuong Dong t h i nen dan
chu chu no A - t e n t i e n bp hon. V i d phuong Dong m p i quyen lUc tap t r u n g vao

la n o i xa h d i cd g i a i cap va nha nUdc xua't h i e n .
+ N h U n g ntfi nay c6 n h i e u da't canh tac, cd mUa deu dan theo mua, cd
k h i hau a m n o n g , (trU T r u n g Qudc, nhUng cung k h d n g l a n h nhU ngay nay),
dan C U tap t r u n g k h a dong theo tUng bp lac t r e n cac t h e m da't cao gan song.
+ Mac du cong cu b a n g ddng con hie'm (chii yeu con cong cu da, tre va
Sd) n h u n g hoan canh t u n h i e n da bu d^p l a i ra't n h i e u cho con ngUcri. D d n g
bang van song r p n g cho phep tap t r u n g n h i e u sure lao dpng. M u a mUa hSng


24

Chitang II. X A H Q I C O D A I

25

n a m l a m cho ni/nrc song dang cao phii l e n cac chan ruong t h a p m o t l
- Da't dai cf day t h i c h hpp v 6 i viec gieo t r o n g cac l o a i cay luu m e n , co
sa m ^ u m d va l a m cho d a t m e m , de l a m v d i ca nhuTng chiec cay luei b&ng g6, gia t r i cao n h u : N h o , 6-liu, cam, chanh,... . Cac nudfc nay vkn p h a i nhap liia
- Do dieu k i e n t\i n h i e n t h u a n l o i va phu hop cho viec p h a t t r i e n t r o n g m i , l u a mach ciia ngir5i A i Cap, Tay A.
t r o t va chan n u o i n e n k i n h te chii yeu d k h u vifc n a y la n o n g nghiep :
+ Cir d a n t r e n liAi

V L T C

- Dieu k i p n t\i n h i e n k h o n g t h u a n I p i cho viec p h a t t r i e n nong nghiep

nhufng dong song I d n of chau A va chau P h i da nhifng D i a T r u n g H a i co n h i e u k h a n a n g de p h d t t r i e n cac n g a n h t h u cong :

song chu yeu b&ng nong nghiep t h a m canh. Cac cif dSn nong nghiep co nay

+ T h u cong nghiep ra't p h a t dat. Bay gid san xua't t h i i cong nghiep da

l a m do gom va d $ t v a i dap ufng n h u cau h ^ n g ngay cua m i n h . H o cung t i e n

chia t h a n h n h i e u n g a n h khac nhau n h u : L u y e n k i m , do m i nghe, do gom, do

h a n h trao d o i san p h a m giiJa vijng n a y va v i i n g khdc.

go, do da, n a u rUpu, dau 6-liu,... . N h i e u t h p gioi kheo tay da xua't h i p n . Da

+ N o n g d a n con k e t hgfp nuoi gia sue. M 6 t s6' d a n song v i i n g doi ven c6 n h i e u xudng t h u cong chuyen san xua't m o t m a t h a n g co cha't lupng cao.
N h i e u xUdng t h i i cong co quy mo k h a I d n .
chan n u i chuyen chan nuoi nhCTng d a n gia sue Idfn.
- K i n h te chii yeu la nong nghiep nen cM dan chiem da so of day 1^ nong dan
+ N o n g d a n cong xa la t a n g Idp xa h o i cSn b a n va l a t h a n h p h a n san
xuat chii yeu. Hp t i e n h a n h san xuat tr§n p h a n ruong dufpc giao va hop tdc
v d i nhau t r o n g viec bao d a m thuy Ipfi va t h u hoach b k n g lao dong, ho tif nuoi
song gia d i n h m i n h . Tuy n h i e n , la t h a n h v i e n ciia xa h o i , hp p h a i dong gop
dudi dang thue m o t p h a n san p h a m cua hp cho n h a nirdc. Hp c6n p h a i l a m
m o t so nghia vu khdc nhif d i lao dpng phuc vu cdc c6ng t r i n h xay diTng, di
l i n h k h i co n h u cau,... .

+ S u p h a t t r i e n ciia t h i i cong nghiep la do san xua't h a n g hoa t a n g
n h a n h , quan he thUdng m a i dupc m d r p n g , no Ip t r d t h a n h m a t h a n g quan
t r p n g bac n h a t . H o a t dpng thuong m a i p h a t d a t da thuc day vipc m d r p n g
luu t h o n g t i e n t e .
- Do n h u cau siJf dung n h a n cong n h i e u t r o n g cac xudng san xua't va cac
tau buon n e n n6 le l a lUc lUpng san xua't c h i n h :
+ No Ip chiem so dong, dUpc siif dung trong ta't ca cac l i n h vUc theo nhu cau
ciia gidi chii no. Hp k h o n g co quyen, ke ca quyen dUpc coi l a m o t con ngUcfi.

+ T r o n g qua t r i n h p h a n hoa xa hpi, nhOfng ngUfyi diirng dau m o i cong x a ,
chiem r i e n g n h i e u ciia cai v $ t chat tU cung co dia v i va quyen liTc cua minh,
hop t h ^ n h m o t t a n g Idp dac bif t t r o n g xa hpi - t i n g Idp quy tpc. Hp co dac
quyen, giuf cac chuTc vu t o n giao hoac cai quan bp mAy nha ntfdc dia phuang,

+ Chii no true t i e p hoc l o t no l e , co n h i e u t h e lUe k i n h te va c h i n h t r i .
+ Bp p h a n con l a i la ngudi b i n h d a n , c6 tai s i n va nghe nghiep nhung
coi k h i n h lao dpng.

(De thi de nghi ciia TrUdng THPT Binh Phu)

chi huy quan sir, song giau sang b l n g bong l^c do n h a ni/dc cap va do chijfc
vu ciia m i n h dem l a i .
+ T a n g Idp t h t l ba l a no Ip, hp l a nhufng t u b i n h chien t r a n h hay n o n g
d a n nghfeo k h p n g t r a dUpc no, h i bie'n t h a n h no le. Hp l a m viec hiu ha cho
cung d i n h , den mieu va nha cua quy tpc. Ngoai r a , hp con p h a i l a m nhiJng

Cau 18
Che dO chi^'m n6 la gi ? Cac giai cap trong che dO chiem no ? Nguyen nhan
khung hoang cue che 6Q chiem no ?

vi§c n a n g nhpc n h a t nhif: L a m difotng, xay ditag cdc d i n dai, lang ta'm.
b) Tie
triin

dong

ciia

nhOng

diiu

kifn

ciia cac quoc gia c6 dai Dia Trung

tu nhien

dd'i v6i si/ hinh

thanh

va

DAP AN
phat

Hai:

-

- N a m t r e n bd Bic D i a T r u n g H a i , H i L a p va R6-ma bao gom Mn dao
va n b i e u dao n h o , tao n e n sir giao t h o n g t h u a n Ipi giiJa cac nUdc v d i nhau.
- K h i hau a'm, dong bang t h u n g l u n g n h o , p h a n I d n l a n h t h d la n u i va
cao nguyen. D a t canh tac i t va k h o n g mau md M m , chu yeu la d a t ven doi
kho va r d n p h a i can dd'n cong cu sat m d i k h a i tMc

a) Ch^ dg chiem

duac.

no :

L a m o t che dp k i n h t§' - xa h p i t o n t a i va p h a t t r i e n dua chii yeu t r e n

lao dpng ciia no le, boe l o t no le.
- M o t h i n h thh i n h thufc boe l o t dau t i e n , t h o bao nha't ciia xa h p i co giai cap.

6) C a c giai cap trong

- No le :

xa hdi chiem

nd :


26

Chuang II. XA H p I CO DA|
+ L a n h u f n g ngadi

27

l a o d o n g h o a n t o a n t h u o c q u y e n s d hufu cua c h t i . H o

k h o n g C O c h u t q u y e n n a o , k e ca q u y e n daac coi l a m ^ t c o n ngifcfi. H o

CHVONG

duoc

TRUNG QUOC PHONG K I E N

x e m l a m o t " c o n g cu b i e t n o i " .
+ N o l e diroc suf d u n g r o n g r a i t r o n g cac c o n g v i e c s a n x u a t v a p h u c v u
cac y e u c a u k h a c n h a u c i i a d d i so'ng.

Cau 19
P h o n g t r a o n o n g d a n Trung Q u o c dUcJi t h d i p h o n g kien :

+ So luofng n 6 l e r a t d o n g , n h i e u g a p c h u c I a n c h u n o

nhQng ngudi

b i n h d a n . H o l a l i i c luTomg s a n x u a t c h u y e u n u o i s o n g x a h o i .

a ) H a y n e u t o r n t d t c a c c u p c k h d i nghTa c h i n h d a 6 i c a c t r i e u d g i p h o n g kien
Trung Q u o c .

- Chu no :

b) N e u khdi q u d t nhCng d g c d i e m c h u n g c u a p h o n g t r a o n o n g d d n ke tren.

+ L a cac c h u x t i d n g , c h i i 16, c h u t h u y e n , r a t g i a u c6.

c ) N h g n x e t c h u n g v e n h O n g n g u y e n n h d n t h a t b g i v d y n g h i a lich sCf c u a

+ Co n h i e u n o l e , l a n g u d i c h u s d hOu h o a n t o a n d o i v d i n o l e , c6

toan

c d c phong trdo nong d d n .

q u y e n d o i v d i n o le c i i a m i n h .

DAP AN

+ M t C O t h e life ca ve k i n h t e i S n c h i n h t r i .

a) Tom tat cac cuoc khdi nghia nong dan qua cac thdi phong kiS'n :

- N g u d i b i n h d a n ( d a n tiT do) :
+ L a n h O n g ngudi

c6 n g h e n g h i e p

+ K h d i nghia T r a n T h a n g ( T r a n Thiep) va Ng6 Quang
c h i i t i t t a i s a n de t\i s i n h

song

b a n g lao d o n g ciia b a n t h a n m i n h .
+ H o l a m d i i cac v i e c nha : S a n x u a t h a n g m l n g h e , l a m d i c h v u v ^ b u o n

TCN

L u c L a m t h d i V i i o n g M a n g cifdp n g o i n h a

H a n , vLfa c h o n g t r i e u d i n h T a y H a n v a c h o n g V u o n g

Tay

Mang.

+ K h d i n g h i a H o a n g C a n ( K h a n V a n g ) : P h o n g t r a o n o n g d a n do T r u o n g

+ So d o n g n h c r n g ngiiori b i n h d a n t h i c h r o n g c h o i a n n h a n , s o n g n h d t r o

c a p x a h o i , k h i n h l a o d o n g v i h o coi l a o d o n g l a c o n g v i e c c i i a n o l e .

ILTC

Giac l a n h d a o c h o n g t r i e u d i n h D o n g H a n t h u c d a y T r u n g Q u o c c h i a r e v a
suy y e u ( t h d i T a m q u o c ) , t r i e u D o n g H a n s u p do.
+ K h d i n g h i a Hoang Sao

c) Nguyen nhan kbting hoang:
N o le l a

n a m 209

gop p h a n l a m cho n h a T a n suy y e u v a s u p do.
+ K h d i nghia Xich M y -

ban nho.

-

in

lugfng s a n x u a t c h u y e u c i i a x a h o i , l a n h O n g n g i f d i

bao

d a m sir s o n g , s\i t o n t a i v a p h a t t r i e n c i i a x a h o i n h i t o g l a i b i k h i n h b i v a
l o a i trijf, do do h p k h o n g ngCrng d a u t r a n h p h a n k h a n g che dp c h i e m

no.

txi n a m 8 7 4 d e n n a m

kien
ddnh

d e p khd khan, d a n d e n suy y e u v a sup do.
+ Khdi nghia

Chu Nguyen

Chiiong

(phong

trao n o n g

dan

Hong

Can)

c h o n g p h o n g k i e n n h a N g u y e n . K e t q u a t i e u d i e t nha N g u y e n , l a p n h a M i n h .

- H i n h thufc d a u t r a n h c i i a n o l e :

+ K h d i n g h i a L y TiT T h a n h l a m n h a M i n h s u p do v a o n a m 1 6 4 4 . N h U n g

+ D a u t r a n h v u t r a n g , d i e n h i n h l a cupc khofi n g h i a ciia X p a c - t a - c u t ( n S m 73

T C N ) or L t a - l i - a k e o d a i t r o n g h a i n a m g a y k i n h h o a n g , k h i e p so cho c h u n o .

c h a y l i f d i t r o n v i e c , bo t r o n , d a n d e n s a n x u a t b i g i a m s u t , d i n h d o n v a

che

476.

(De thi cle nghi cua Tnfdng THPT Tran Quoc

sau do b i n g i i d i M a n C h a u d a n h do d a n d e n s\i thanh l a p n h a T h a n h ( t i l
n a m 1644 d e n n a m 1911).

+ D a u t r a n h k i n h te (tif t h e k i H I ) : D a p p h a c o n g c u , p h d h o a i s a n x u a t ,
do c h i e m n o b i k h i i n g h o a n g , s u p do v a o n a m

884 c h o n g p h o n g

nha D i i d n g t h o i n a t . P h o n g t r a o c6 q u y mo r a t I d n , n h a D i i d n g p h a i

+ T h a i binh T h i e n quoc : L a p h o n g trao n o n g d a n I d n m a n h n h a t , do
Hong T u T o a n l a n h d a o c h o n g p h o n g k i e n n h a T h a n h t h o i nat. L a m c h i i 17
t r o n g 18 t i n h T r u n g n g u y e n

Tuani

T r u n g Q u o c s u o t 15 n a m ( 1 8 5 0

-

1864).

Nha

T h a n h p h a i c a u k e t v d i cac nUdc de quoc p h t r o n g T a y danh d e p .

b) Khai quat nhOng dac diem chung cua phong trao nong dan Trung Quoc :
+ T r i e u d a i p h o n g k i e n n a o c u n g c6 k h d i n g h i a n o n g d a n .
+ Cac

cupc k h d i n g h i a t h u d n g x a y r a v a o

^ h u a n p h a t t r i e n g a y g&t do t r i e u d i n h t h o i n a t .

cuoi m o i t r i e u d a i , k h i m a u


28

Chuang III. TRUNG QUOC PHONG KIEN
+ N h i e m v u c h i n h c i i a cac

cuoc k h d i n g h i a l a c h o n g p h o n g k i e n

(dau

t r a n h g i a i c a p ) . M p t v a i cuoc k h d i n g h I a c o n c h o n g n g o a i x a m ( e a c h

mang

d a n toe) n h u C h u N g u y e n

Toan

Chuomg c h o n g M o n g -

Nguyen,

Hong

Tu

c h o n g de quoc phLTOng T a y .
+ H a u h e t cac

CUQC

29

c) Tren iTnh vi/c khoa hoc kT thuat:
vdn -

T h i e n v d n h o c : Tijr t h d i co d a i , ngUdi T r u n g Quo'c b i e t q u a n s a t t h i e n
8 0 0 t i n h t u , g h i c h e p d i i n g h i e n tirgfng n h a t t h u c , n g u y e t t h u c ,

sdt v i ' t d e n t r e n M d t T r d i , che tao d u n g cu do b d n g M d t T r d i t i n h l i c h , do

k h d i nghIa deu h i d a n ap t h a t b a i (ngoai tri^ k h d i

n g h i a c i i a C h u N g u y e n ChUcfng), n h i f t i g g 6 p p h a n t h u c d a y sir s u p do

nhanh

c h o n g cdc t r i e u d a i p h o n g k i e n T r u n g Q u o c .

+ N o n g d a n k h o n g d a i d i e n cho

dong da't.
-

L i c h p h d p : D o n h u c a u s a n x u a t n o n g nghi§p, tCf t h d i T a n -

m 6 t life liTOng s a n x u a t m d i , t i e n b 6 ,

l i e n v d i cdc d a n h y : H o a D a , L y T h d i T r a n , . . . .
- Dieu kh^c, k i e n triic :

+ B a n c h a t ciia g i a i cap n o n g d a n ( k h o n g t h o n g n h a t ) .

N g h e t h u a t d i e u k h d c co ra't s d m v a ra't p h o n g p h u , c h a m , k h d c t u o n g

+ T u y k h o n g d a n h do difac che d p p h o n g k i e n , c u o i c u n g b i d ^ n d p , t h a t
b a i , n h u n g p h o n g t r a o n o n g d a n cho t h a y v a i t r o v a sure m a n h cua n o n g d a n ,
C O t h e l a m s u p do cdc t r i e u d a i p h o n g k i e n .

P h a t , cdc v i L a hdn... t r e n n g a v o i , gd,... .
K i e n t r u e p h d t t r i e n riTc r d : C u n g d i f n , t h a n h q u d e h : V a n l i trUdng
t h a n h , C u n g A p h o n g , Co' c u n g ,

(De thi de nghi ciia TrUdng THPT ChuySn Nguyin

Du)

Tuf c a m t h a n h , . . . .

+ T r e n l i n h virc k h o a hoc k i t h u $ t cd b o n p h d t m i n h q u a n t r o n g l a :
- Thuo'c Sling.

Cau 2 0
H a y n e u c d c t h d n h ti^u v d n h o d , k h o a h o c kT t h u g t c u e Trung Q u o c t h d i

DAP

- L a ban.
- L a m gia'y.

p h o n g ki^'n. C d c t h d n h t a u d o d d a n h h u d n g dd'i v d i t h e g i d i n h a th§' n d o ?

- Nghe in.

AN

a) Tren iTnh vi/c van h(fc:

d) Anh bifdng doi vdi the gidi:

- ChOr v i e t : B a n d a u l a cac l o a i cha difgrc g o i c h u n g l a chCr d a i t r i e n . D e n

-

t h d i T a n c h i n h l i , c a i bi§'n t h d n h cha t i e u t r i § n .
T h o D i r d n g : L a d i n h cao cua n e n t h o ca T r u n g Q u o c . Cdc t d c g i a n d i

- T i e u t h u y e t : T i e u t h u y e t c h i r o n g h o i . Cdc t d c p h a m : Thuy
quoc dien

Siif h o c

nghia

: BO Sii

A n h hifdng d e n cac niTdc t r o n g dd cd V i e t N a m t r e n cdc l i n h vifc : Tii

tifdng, t r i e t h o c , v d n h o c , c h d vig't,... .

t i e n g : L y B a c h , D o P h u , B a c h Cil D i .

-

da

- Y difOc hoc : K h d m b e n h , c h a m c d u , v i e t n h i e u bo s d c h chOa b e n h , g d n

k h o n g C O h e ta tifdng r i e n g , k h o n g c6 k h a n&ng x a y diTng c h e dp m d i .

A m , Tam

Hdn

p h d t m i n h n o n g l i c h , d i i a theo sir v d n h a n h M d t T r d n g .

c) Nguyen nhan that bai va y nghia Ijch so" :

-

quan

- N h d i i g t h a n h tiTu ve k i t h u a t a n h hufdng ca the g i d i . Thuo'c s u n g

dung

che tao d a n d u p e , l a b a n d u n g t r o n g h a n g h a i , gia'y v a n g h e i n suf d u n g cho
hii cua T h i N a i

v i § c d a y hoc v a l a phdcfng t i e n p h d t t r i e n k h o a hoc.

cua L a Q u a n T r u n g , Tdy du ki ciia N g o ThiTa A n .

ki c i i a T i f M a T h i e n , d d t n e n m o n g cho n i n s d

^

(De thi de nghi cua Tri/dng THPT Trung Phu)

hoc

T r u n g Quoc.

b) Tren iTnh viic tif

Cau 21

tudng:

Co n h i e u h o c t h u y e t t\i t i T d n g r a d d i : N h o g i d o , D a o g i d o , M d c g i a , P h d p
g i a . N h u t i g N h o g i d o t r d t h a n h co s d l i l u a n v a tuf t i f d n g c i i a che

do

phong

So s d n h d i e m g i o n g n h o u v d k h d c n h o u giQa bO m d y n h d nddc

p h o n g kien

Trung Q u o ' c t h d i ki Ton - H d n v d M i n h - . T h a n h .

k i e n T r u n g Q u o c . N g u d i s d n g l a p l a K h o n g T d , v e sau c6 M a n h Tijf, D o n g

ChQng minh r d n g , dUdi c d c trieu Minh - Thanh, q u y e n h d n h t d p trung c a o d p

Trong Thu.

hon v d o t o y c d c h o d n g d e v d b p m d y chinh q u y e n trung Udng m g n h hdn.


30

Chaang

DAP

AN

31

III. T R U N G Q U O C P H O N G K I E N

DAP

AN

a) Nhufng thanh ti/u van hoa cua Trung Quoc trong thdi phong kien :
So sanh va chiJng minh :
- Diem chung :
(xem cau 20, muc a, b, c).
+ Bo may chinh quyen phong kien u^f> trung.
b) Viet Nam tiep thu nen van hoa Trung Qud'c :
+ Hoang de t\i xUng la dang toi cao, c6 quyen hanh tuy^t doi, dtjfng dau
Vdi han 10 the ki Bac thupc, van hoa Trung Quoc da xam nhap vao nude
bo may nha nifdc, c6 to chufc thong nhat trong ca nudc.
ta tao anh hifong tren nhieu hnh vUc nhu : Tu tiJorng, triet hoc, chuf viet, van
- Diem khac nhau :
1 hoc, suf hoc, lich phap, nghe thuat, cac nghe thii cong, phong tuc tap quan,... .
+ Thdi Tan - Han :
Tuy nhien, nhan dan ta da biet tiep thu c6 chon Ipc va liAi giuf nhiJfng cai dep
* Dat cac churc thCra tirdng, thai uy (te tudng, tudng quoc) dufng dau c^c cdi hay ciia van hoa Trung Quoc de gop phan lam phong phu them nen van
hoa dan tpc. Ta da biet bien cai hay ciia "ngudi" thanh ciia minh.
quan vSn, v6 giiip hoang de tri nUdc.

(£1^ thi de nghj cua TrUdng THPT Ben Tre)
* Lanh tho dUcfc chia thanh cdc chau, quan, huy?n. Dat cAc chufc quan
thuf suf (chau), thai thu (quan), huyen lenh (huyen).
..
* Quan lai difoc cijf tuyen, mot so duac the tap.
j
+ Thdi Minh - Thanh :
4
CHlfONG IV
* Bai b6 chufc ThCra tudtng. Thai uy. Ho^ng de trifc tiep cai tri.
f
AN D 6 V A D 6 N G NAM A PHONG KIEN
* Dat luc bp quan li cac nganh, c6 quan thifOng thiT dufng dau, cdc tham
tri, thi lang phu giiip.
* Lanh thd chia thanh tinh, c6 quan tong doc hoac tuan vu (tuan phij) Cau 23
diJng dau. Tinh chia thanh nhieu phii, huyen, chau.
a) Trinh b a y c d c giai d o g n p h d t trien c u a lich sCf An Dp ta khi nhd nadc c o
d p i ra ddi c h o d e n khi bj thi^c d d n phadng Tdy xdm ladc.
* Thay the dan che do cuf tuyen bkng che dp thi cuf chon ngi/cfi lam quan.
b) Hdy trinh b a y d n h hadng c u a v d n hod A n Dp dd'i vdl c d c q u o c gia d
+ Da6i thdi cdc trieu Minh - Thanh, quyen liic duac tap trung cao do han.
Dong Nam A ?
* Bai bo cac chufc thifa tiTomg, thai uy c6 quyen hanh qua 16n, Ian at hoang
de, nhieu khi chuyen quyen (Tri^u Cao ddi Tan, Tao Thao dc(i Tarn Quoc).
DAP AN
* Bai bo vi$c cuf tuyen va the tap de tri/ hoa be phai phan nghich.
a) Cac giai doan phat trii'n :
* Dat luc bo, chia lanh tho thanh nhieu tinh de tho'ng nhat vi$c quan li.
- Nhufng trang suf dau tien :
* Dat che do thi cuf de cdc tang Idp phong kien dUcfc tham gia bp may

+ Khoang 2500 nam TCN, nhufng thanh thi c6 xuat hi^n d Tay Bac An Dp.
cai tri.
+ Khoang 1500 nam TCN, mot s6' thanh thi khdc ra ddi or mien Don
(De thi de nghj cua TrUdng THPT Chuyen NguySn Du)
B^c An D6.
+ The ki VI TCN, dao Phat xuat hien.
Cau 22
+ Cuoi the ki HI TCN, vua A-x6-ka truyen ba dao Phat kh^p ca nifdc. "
Neu nhJng thanh tiJu v a n hoa quan trong c u a nhan d a n Trung Q u o c trong
+ Tuf the ki II TCN den the ki XI, An DO bi chia thanh nhieu quoc gi
thdi phong kien. Cho biet nhdn d d n ta d d tiep thu nen v a n hod Trung Quoc
nho, trong do noi bat nhat la vUcfng trieu Gup-ta d mien Bac va qu6c gia Pa
nha the ndo ?
la-va 6 mien Trung va mien Nam An Do.


Chiiang IV. AN Dp VA DONG NAM A PHONG KIEN

32

D a y la g i a i doan p h a t tri§'n cua t h u cong nghiep, thifcfng nghiep b i e n v a
cung Ik giai doan p h a t t r i e n m a n h ciia vSn hoa t r u y e n t h o n g A n D p , dSc
b i e t l a dao H i n - d u , v a n hoc cd v a chu" P h a n .

33

a) T6n giao va tri€'t hoc :
A n Dp l a que huong ciia n h i e u t o n giao I d n : Dao Ba-la-mon, H i n - d u ,
phat.

- A n D5 H o i giao v a A n Do M 6 - g 6 n :
+ Vuong qudc H o i giao De-li (the k i X I I - the k i X V I ) :
NgLfcfi T h d N h i K i theo dao H o i da x a m nhap m i e n Bfic A n Do tuf dau
the k i X I , t h i e t l a p viTOng t r i e u H o i giao De-li, gay m d u t h u a n d a n toe v a t o n
giao sau sSc v d i n h a n d a n A n Dp.
+ Virong qudc A n Do M6-g6n ( t h e k i X V I - t h d k i X I X ) :
D i u the k i X V I , ngtfcfi M o n g Cd t a n cong A n Do, t h i i tieu c h i n h quyen H d i
giao, l a p n e n viTOng qudc A n Do M6-g6n, t h i h a n h chinh sach hoa dong t o n
giao. Virong t r i e u nky k6o d a i cho den k h i thiic dSn phifong T a y x a m lifgc.

b) Anh hwdng ciia van hoa An Dg doi vdi cac quoc gia d Dong Nam A :
Qua con dudng buon b a n , v a n hoa A n Do toa r o n g a n h hifotng d e n c a c
nifdc D o n g N a m A .
- Chui v i e t : Tit chOf Phan ciia ngLfcri A n Dp, cac d a n tpc Dong N a m A s^ng
tao r a chiJ v i e t r i e n g nhif chijf ChSm cd, chCf Khcf-me cd, chOr Lao, chijf v i e t cua
T h a i L a n va Mi-£m-ma cung a n h hudng nhOfng n e t cong cua chOr Phan.
- T o n giao : D o n g N a m A t i e p t h u c a dao P h a t , dao H i n - d u v a dao H o i .
- K i e n true : Cac cong t r i n h k i e n true ve t o n giao d D o n g N a m A deu
chiu a n h hudng k i e n true A n Dp (Thap ChSm, Ang-co Ykt, Ang-co T h o m ,
T h a t Ludng...).
- V a n hoc : V a n hoc P h a t giao A n Dp gdm cdc t i c h t r u y e n , g a n v d i siJ
t i c h l i c h suf P h a t giao co a n h hifdng sau sac d e n D o n g N a m A . N h i f t i g difdi
Idp do ciia v a n hoa A n D 6 , m o i d a n tpc v i n co b a n sac r i e n g ciia m i n h .
(De thi chinh thilc nSm 2004)

Ve t r i e t hoc, co h a i trtjfdng p h a i : C h i n h t h d n g (thiifa n h a n k i n h Ve-da)
2
va t a giao ( k h o n g thCra n h a n k i n h Ve-da).

b) Van tit va van hgc :

NgLfcfi A n Dp co chiJ v i e t ra't sdm :
- ChOr t u p n g h i n h v i e t t r e n nhCng con da'u (chua doc difoc).
- C h a B r a - n i i xuat h i e n vao the k i V I I I T C N .
- ChCf P h a n hoan t h i e n vao t h e k i V T C N .
- Tijr chu; P h a n da h i n h t h a n h cac phUcfng ngiif va ngon ngiif khac n h u :
H i n - d i , Ben-ga-li, M a - r a - t h i .
v a n hoc A n Dp r a t phong p h u v d i nhCfng bp k i n h , thor ca l i c h s i i , t h a n
thoai. D i e n h i n h l a :
- Bp kinh

Ve-da.

- H a i bp sijf t h i Ma-ha-bha-ra-ta

va

Ra-ma-ya-na.

Cling v d i thor va k i c h , n e n v a n hoc H i n - d u con n d i t i e n g vdri eac tac
pham chinh luan :
- "Luan

ve dao phdp"

- "Luan

ve chinh

- "Ludn

ve lac thu"

(Dac-ma-sa-to-ra).

tri" (Drcf-tha-sa-to-ra).
(Ka-ma-sa-to-ra).

c) Kien triic : G a n l i e n v d i t o n giao co cae d e n h i n h t h a p n h o n nhieu
t a n g , t u p n g t r i t o g cho d i n h niii t h i e n g - n o i nguT t r i ciia cac t h a n . Cac t h a p
h i n h n i i i difpc t r a n g t r i t i m i hkng

cac phu dieu, t a o n e n m o t p h o n g each

ngh§ t h u a t k i e n true H i n - d u doc dao.
d) Thien van : A n Dp l a m o t t r o n g nhufng d a n tpc b i e t l a m l i c h s6m n h a t .
L i c h A n Dp ed d a i : M o t t h a n g co 30 ngay, m o t n a m co 12 t h a n g . Cuf 4 n a m

Cau24
Hay neu nhQng thanh tau cua ndn v<3n hod An DQ C6 dgi va phong kien.
NhQng thanh tiiu do co anh hadng d trong niJ6c va ngoai nUdc nha the nao ?
DAP AN
1. N h i J n g n e t c h u n g :

CO m o t n a m n h u a n . Ngifdi A n Dp cd d a i ciJng g i a i t h i c h dupfc n h a t t h i i c va
nguyet thuc.
e) Toanhgc : A n Dp cd d a i b i e t diTpc l u a t ve canh va diTcfng h u y e n ciia
tarn giac vuong goc, b i e t t i n h j t . A n Dp cd d a i cung p h a t m i n h r a chO so va

A n Do CO m o t n e n vSn hoa l a u d d i , p h o n g p h u , da dang v a day t i n h

sdng tao.

~ GS, TS. Nguygn HOu Vui (2002), Lich sCl Triet hpc, NXB Chinh tri Qudc gia, trang 114.


34

Chuang IV. AN Dp VA DONG NAM A PHONG KIEN
2. A n h hifcfng t r o n g nv(6c :

a) Dao Ba-la-mon va dao Hin-du :

35
e) Ve toan hoc: Ngufcfi A n Dp p h a t m i n h r a cac chG so ki ca so k h o n g (0)
r d i t r u y e n ba cho ngucfi A - rSp, tCf do Ian r p n g r a t o a n the g i d i .
fee thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Chuyen Le Hong Phong)

Hau thuan cho viec phan biet d i n g cap trong xa hoi. Su phan biet dang cap
la mot che do h e t sure bat cong va k i m hanj sU phat t r i e n ciia xa h o i A n Dp.

b) Nhieu ton giao, ngon ngvt va chCt viet:
Cac SU k i e n n a y (eung v6i dieu k i e n ve dia h i n h ) da gay n h i eu k h o k h a n
t r o n g viec t h o n g n h a t dat nifcJc. A n Do e6 m o t lieh sijf luon b i gi&ng xe giOa
p h a n t a n va t h o n g n h a t . Cho d e n the k i V T C N A n Do vSn b i phan t a n

Cau 2 5
Hay so sanh sU giong nhau va khac nhau giufa hai trieu dgi : vUdng tridu Hoi
giao De-li va vaong trieu An DO M6-g6n.

t h a n h chuc nUdc nho. TCr the k i V I T C N , dao Phat xuat h i e n , A n Dp tifng

DAP AN

hudc dirpc t h o n g n h a t . A-x6-ka da t h o n g n h a t A n Dp l a p de quoc co d a i va
t r u y e n ba dao Phat.
K h i A-x6-ka qua dc/i, A n Dp l a i phan t a n n h u trirdrc.

c) Nen van hoc Hin-du va ddi song xa hoi:
N e n v a n hoc H i n - d u v 6 i cac giao l i , c h i n h l u an va l u a t phdp c6 a n h
hudng sau sac den d&i song xa h p i .
- L u a t phap Xu-tP-ra r a n day con ngucfi song theo giao l i va phong tuc
tap quan h i p n t h d i .
- L u a t M a - n u xac d i n h va ciing co che dp dang cap.
- " L u a n ve c h i n h t r i " cho rang dung h i n h p h a t l a phifpng t i e n t o t n h a t
de bao d a m t r a t t\i.
3. A n h hv^dng d g n nifofc n g o a i :
a) Ve cha viet: Tii chG P h a n ciia A n D p , cac d a n tpc D o n g N a m A (trif
V i f t N a m ) d a n d a n sang tao r a chuT vi et r i e n g ciia m i n h n h a chQ ChSm co
the k i I V , chif Khp-me co the k i V I I . Ngiicfi Lao va cac n h o m ngifdi T h a i
khac CO he t h o n g chu" v i e t difpc xay difng t r e n co sd v a n dung cac n e t chu'
cong cua Cam-pu-chia va M i - a n - m a . •

- Sii giong nhau :
+ Ca h a i t r i e u d a i A n Dp H o i giao D e - l i v ^ A n Dp M6-g6n deu do de
quoc ben ngoai x a m chiem v^ xay diTng nen.
+ Ca h a i t r i e u d a i deu ap bufc v a t h o n g t r i n h a n dSn A n D p .
+ Do mau t h u a n giai cap v ^ d a n tpc, ca h a i t r i e u d a i b i suy yeu vk sup do.
- Sir khac nhau :
- I - A n Dp H o i gido D e - l i :
* The k i X I I , ngudi Tho N h i K i theo dao H o i x a m ehiem m i e n B^c A n

Dp t h a n h l a p vifcrng t r i e u do nhiJng ngudi H o i giao dijfng dau, d i n h do d D e l i , g p i Ik vifong t r i e u H o i giao D e - l i (the k i X I I den the k i X V I ) .
* Ngi/6i T h o vao A n Dp mang theo dao H o i va t r u y e n ba dao H o i .
* Thiic h i e n c h i n h sach k i t h i d a n tpc va t o n giao, hit n h a n d a n A n Dp
p h a i theo dao H o i , cam doan n g h i e t nga dao H i n - d u .
* T h i h a n h c h i n h sach dp biJc boc l o t t a n bao nhuf : ehiem doat rupng
dat cua n o n g dan, b6c I p t t h p t h u cong A n D p .
* N o n g d a n A n Dp dau t r a n h m a n h me chong l a i viTcfng quoc H o i giao
De-H.

b) Ve ton giao: Cac dan tpc Dong N a m A tiep thu ca A n giao Ian Phat giao.

+ A n Dp M6-g6n :

c) Ve van hoc : V a n hoc d a n toe cua hau h e t cac nifdc D o n g N a m A deu

* T h e k i X V I , nga6i M o n g Co t a n cong vao Bac A n , t h i i t i e u c h i n h quyen

mo p h o n g hay l a y tich tCr ede suf t h i , eac t r u y e n t h a n t h o a i A n D p .

H 6 i giao, l a p v\iang t r i e u A n Dp do ngUcri M o n g Co dufng dau, gpi l a vuang

d) Ve kien triic : K i e n true phan Idn ede nUdc Dong N a m A deu mo phong
k i e n true H i n - d u v ^ k i e n true P h a t giao. K i e n true H i n - d u v6i eac den h i n h
t h a p n h o n n hie u tang. K i e n true P h a t giao v d i cac k i eu h i n h t h a p Xtu-pa c6
mai tron.

trieu A n Dp M6-g6n.
* NgLidi M o n g Co vao A n Dp k h o n g dp d a t m o t t o n gido nao.
* Thifc h i e n c h i n h sach doan k e t t o n gido, xoa bo c h i n h sach k i t h i t o n
gido, t h u t i e u nhuTng dac quyen H o i giao.

36

Chuang

IV. AN DO VA DONG N A M A PHONG KIEN

* ThUc h i e n c h i n h sach hoa hap dkn tQC, chii trirong ho^ dong v d i quy
toe A n D 9 .
* K h o i phuc k i n h ite va p h a t t r i e n vSn hoa A n DQ, ciing c6 sir t h o n g
n h a t va tSng cifdng bo may nha midc t r u n g qong tap quyen.
* NhOrng CO gang n a y k h o n g sao t h i i t i e u diroc m a u t h u a n g i a i cap giOa
t a n g 16p quy toe vdri n o n g d a n h i m a t dat, h i hoc lot. Sy k h i i n g hoang
ehia
re ben t r o n g da tao dieu k i e n cho thue dan phqong Tay x a m ehiem A n Do
sau do.
iDe thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Chuyen Ly Tu

Trong)

Trinh b a y nhQng thanh t^u van hoa tieu bieu c u a c d c q u d c gia phong kien
phLfdng Dong.
I

DAPAN
1. v a n h o c : D a t dqoc n h i e u t h a n h tufu to 16n.
- O A n Do : s\i t h i Ma-ha-bha-ra-ta,
k i thdr I V - niJfa dau the k i thiir V ) ; k i c h

+ d Dong N a m A : Ang-eo V d t , Ang-co Thorn (Cam-pu-chia).
3. T h a n h ti^u ve k h o a h o c k i thu|lt :
- A n Do : Tde p h a m T h i e n v a n hoc eo n h a t A n Do X i t - d a n - t a (the k i V
T C N ) , Todn hoc, p h a t m i n h r a so k h o n g (0).
- T r u n g Quoc :
+ To Xung C h i , T r u o n g H a n h la nhOfng nha khoa hoc n o i tieng.

Ra-ma-ya-na;
Sa-kun-ta-la.

+ NhOrng ph at m i n h IcJn : Nghe i n , che tao thuoc sung, suT dung la ban,
l a m giay.
- Ngqdi A - r a p : Co cong t r o n g viec dong vai t r 6 t r u n g gian, giao \\iu v a n
hoa giOa Dong va T ay. Ho da bao t o n m o t p h a n d a n g ke cdc d i san ve v a n
hoa H i L ap. Ngoai r a ho cung c6 n h i i n g t h a n h tUu r i e n g ve y hoc, toan hoc.

Ka-li-da-sa

(De thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Chuyen Le

(cuo'i the

Khiet)

Cau 27

- T r u n g Quoe :

Khdi q u d t qua trinh hinh thdnh vd phdt trien c u a vaong q u d c Cam-pu-chia vd

+ Thcf Dudng so' luong I d n , p h a n a n h sau sSc l o i so'ng xa h p i luc bay gicf
dat den d i n h eao ve nghe t h u a t : L y Bach, Do P h i i , Bach Cu D i .
+ Tieu t h u y e t p h a t t r i e n m a n h : Thuy hil ciia T h i N a i A m , Tarn quoc
dien nghia cua L a Quan T r u n g , Tdy du ki ciia Ngo ThiTa An, bo Sit ki cua TU
M a T h i e n k h o n g chi la tde pha'm siir hoe noi t i e n g m ^ cung la tdc p h a m eo
giA t r i v a n hoc.
le mot dem.

^;

2. N g h ^ thu|it k i e n t r u e v a d i e u k h ^ c : Chiu nhieu a n h hudng ciia
cac t o n giao ciing cac the che c h i n h t r i .
- 6 T r u n g Quoc : V a n l i trUdng t h a n h dai gdn 5 000 k m .
-

+ N h a t B a n : N h i e u chiia difcfc xay ditog : K i m cac tU - chua c6 lau vang,
N g a n cdc t u - chiia c6 lau bac.

+ L y T h d i T r a n v d i nhiJng cong t r i n h do SQ ve y hoc.

Cau 26

- NgqcJi A - r a p v d i Nghin

37

•

DAPAN
Qua t r i n h h i n h t h a n h va p h a t t r i e n ciia v u a n g quoc Cam-pu-chia

vuong quoc Lao.

va

a) Vuang quoc Cam-pu-chia :
- Ngudi Khcf-me, la m o t bo phan c\i dan co d Dong N a m A. Thoat t i e n ,
ho s o n g d phia b a c Cam-pu-chia ngay nay ( t r e n cao nguyen Co R a t va m a n
t r u n g luu song Me Cong). Vao the k i V, nha nqde cua ngiidi Kho-me h i n h
t h a n h . Ho t u goi t e n nude la Cam-pu-chia.
- Ngix6i Khot-me tiep tuc m d rong dia ban xuong phia n a m (ttjfc l a n h tho

CJ A n Do :

+ K i e n true chiu a n h hudng ciia dao H i n - d u : Den h i n h t h d p n h o n n h i eu
t a n g , tqong t r u n g cho d i n h n u i t h i e n g , noi ngu t r i ciia cac t h a n .
+ K i e n true H o i giao : M a i vom, ciifa v 6 m , eo t h d p rpng, san r o n g , hoan
t o a n k h o n g c6 h i n h tUOng con ngqcfi.
+ Cong t r i n h n6'i t i e n g n h q t h d p l a n g Ta-gia]VIa:li^^

vaong qudc Ldo.Dieu gi chQng to sa sdng t g o van hod c u a hai d d n t p c n d y ?

.

Cam-pu-chia ngay nay). Thcfi k i phat t r i e n vUOng quoc Cam-pu-chia keo dai tix
the k i K den the k i X V (con goi l a thdi k i Ang-eo : ti^ n-im 802 dSn n a m 1432).
- Trong the k i X den the k i X H I , Cam-pu-ehia t r d t h a n h vUdng quoc
h u n g m a n h va h a m c h i e n t r a n n h a t D 6 n g N a m A. Ti^ the k i X H I , Cam-puchia bat dau suy yeu do b i ngUcfi T h a i t a n cong nhieu I a n , den n a m 1863 b i
^
h a p x a m luac.
j

Chuang IV. A N D p VA DONG N A M A PHONG KIEN

38
b) Vifcfng quoc Lao :

39
_ K i n h te :

- T r e n dat Lao xa xi/a c6 ngifdi Lao c6 s i n h song goi 1^ Lao T h a n g , v^o
+ Dfiu eong nguyen do s^t xua't h i e n . Cac quoc gia dau t i e n ciia Dong
the k i X I I I C O m o t n h o m ngUcfi n6i t i e n g T h a i d i C L T den day s i n h song hoa N a m A eung xua't h i e n .

nhap v d i ctf dan co of day goi la Lao L i j m . N h ^ nirdrc ra ddri vao cuo'i the k i X I V ,
ong vua sang lap la Pha N g i i m . Ho dat ten ni/dc la L a n Xang ( T r i ^ u Voi).
Thcri p h d t t r i e n t h i n h virong ciia L a n X a n g ti^ giijfa the k i X V I I . Dau the
k i X V I I I dirdi t r i e u vua Su-lin-ha-v6ng-sa,

dat ntfdc c6 n h i e u l a m san quy va

thLfdng trao doi buon b a n v d i nude ngoai. Tii cuoi t h e k i X V I I I Lao suy yeu
va b i X i e m x a m lifcfc, n a m 1893 la thuoc dia ciia Phdp.
c) SI/ sang tao van hoa ciia hai dan tgc Cam-pu-chia va Lao :
- Cha v i e t : Lao va Cam-pu-chia deu hoc c h i l A n Do (chijf P h a n - chCf c6'
A n Do). M o i nUdc deu diJa t r e n ngon ngiJ r i e n g ciia dan tgc m i n h de sang tao
ra chiJ v i e t r i e n g ciia d a n toe m i n h .
- K i e n true : K i e n true h a i nvtdc nhy m a n g n h i e u a n h hudng ca ve de t a i
l a n phong each nghe t h u a t ciia k i e n true H i n - d u giao va P h a t giao, nhong
the h i e n r a t ro ban s^c d a n toe m i n h . V i du : T h a p Cam-pu-chia m a n g k i e n

+ Song chii yeu b^ng n o n g nghiep. B e n canh do, m o i quoc gia eo nhijfng
nganh nghe t h i i cong t r u y e n t h o n g : d^t v a i , gom suT, cac do d i i n g b^ng k i m
k h i , . . . • Ngoai r a , cac nUdc nay con c6 nhOng nguon l a m , h a i san quy va r a t
phong phu.
+ Vi?c giao lUU buon ban giiJa cac niidc va v d i cac nifdc Idn t r o n g k h u viJc :
A n Do, T r u n g Quoc da l a m cho viec buon b a n dudng ven bien r a t p h d t dat.
M o t so t h a n h t h i , h a i cang da r a d d i va hoat dong r a t n h p n n h i p .
- Chinh t r i :
+ Tif the k i I den t h e k i X , h a n g loat quoc gia nho da r a d d i va p h a t
t r i e n . Cac quoc gia nay p h a n t a n t r e n cdc dia b a n nho hep, song r i e n g re va
nhieu k h i t r a n h chap v d i n h a u . Q u a qua t r i n h t o n t a i , cac quoc gia p h a t
t r i e n va t h o n g nha't, h i n h t h a n h nhiJng vUcfng quoc r o n g I d n nhif h i $ n nay.

true H i n - d u giao nhifng k h o n g giong bat cuf t h a p nao d A n Dp. Con T h a t

- T u tudng, v a n hoa :

L u d n g d Lao m a n g dang dap k i e n true P h a t giao nhifng l a i c6 m 6 t net doe

+ Cac niidc da hoe va v a n dung v a n hoa A n D Q de p h d t t r i e n sdng tao

ddo r i e n g m a n g dau a n lieh suf, tUcfng t r u n g v a n hoa Lao.
- M o i dan toe deu c6 n e n v a n hoc d a n gian, phong tuc t a p quan, dieu v u ,
dieu nhae r i e n g tao n e n n e n vSn hoa t r u y e n t h o n g r i e n g cua d a n toe m i n h .
(De thi de nghi ciia Tri/dng THPT Thoai Ngoc Hau)

v a n hod d a n toe ciia m i n h .
-I- M o i dan toe deu c6 t i e n g n o i dan toe va l a n luqt deu c6 chCf v i e t r i e n g
dua t r e n co sd hoe t a p , v $ n d u n g va eai b i e n net ehiJ P h a n .

b) Ten nu6c va thO dd ciia cac quoc gia Dong Nam A hi^n

nay:

Cau 28
Ten nUdc

a ) Trinh b a y d i e u ki^n t a n h i e n , kinh t e , c h i n h trj, t i j t a 6 n g v a v(3n h o d c u e c a c

Thu do

Viet Nam

Ha Noi

b ) Ke t e n v a t h u d o c u a 11 q u o c g i a D o n g N a m A hi^n n a y .

Lao

V i e n g Chan

c ) Ten g o i , sU ra d d i , m u c t i e u c u a t o c h Q c lien m i n h c h i n h trj - kinh t e Idn

Cam-pu-chia

P h n o m Penh

Thai Lan

B a n g Coc

Mi-an-ma

Rang-gun

• Phi-lip-pin

Ma-ni-la

q u o c g i a D o n g N a m A t r o n g 10 t h e ki d a u C o n g n g u y e n .

nhd't D o n g N a m A h i $ n n a y . N a m g i a n h g p c u a c d c t h a n h vi§n.

DAP AN
a) Dieu ki^n til nhien, kinh te, chinh tri, tir tudng va van hoa cua cac quoc
gia Dong Nam A trong 10 the ki dau Cong nguySn.
- Dieu k i e n t u nhien :
+ Dia h i n h phan t a n hep, chia eat bdi nhOfng day n u i da va rijmg nhiet ddi.
+ T h i e u n h a n g ednh dong r o n g t r o n g liia, eung thid'u ca nhuTng dong c6
r o n g de chan nuoi dan gia sue I d n . M o t so dong b a n g h i ^ n nay duoe eoi la
r o n g va t r i j p h u , t h i edch day v ^ i n g h i n nSm vSn c6n b i ngap ntrdc.

In-do-ne-xi-a

Gia-eac-ta

Ma-lai-xi-a

Kua-la Lam-pcf

Xin-ga-po

Xin-ga-po

Bru-nay

Ban-da X e - r i Be-ga-oan

Dong Ti-mo

Di-li


Chuang IV. A N

40
c) To chttc

liSn minh

chinh

trj - kinh

P Q VA D O N G

tS'Idn

nhat

Ddng

N A M A PHONG

Nam A hien

41

KIE'N

nay:

Ici X L quoc gia Pa-gan d m i e n T r u n g da t h o n g nha't l a n h t h o , m d dau cho

- To chuTc l i e n m i n h c h i n h t r i - k i n h te I d n n h a t D o n g N a m A h i e n n a y qua t r i n h h i n h t h a n h va p h a t t r i e n ciia vuang quoc M i - a n - m a .
la H i e p h o i cac niidc D o n g N a m A ( A S E A N ) , r a dcri vao t h d n g 8 - 1967 t a i

+ VMng quoc T h a i : T r e n dong hkng song M e N a m cU d a n b a n dia la
B a n g Coc. Luc dau g o m : In-do-ne-xi-a, M a - l a i - x i - a , Xin-ga-po, T h a i L a n va
ngUdi M o n . T h e k i X I I I , ngudi T h a i 6 a t d i cU xuong phia N a m l a p n e n
P h i - l i p - p i n . T r u sd d a t t a i Gia-cac-ta.
nhCng t i e u quoc T h a i t r e n k h u vUc ngUdi M o n . GiuTa t h e k i X I V , cac t i e u qudc
- M u c t i e u : ( N o i dung H i e p Udc B a - l i 2 - 1976).

m i e n t r u n g T h a i tho'ng nha't t h a n h vufong quo'c T h a i (sau n a y goi l a X i e m - l a ,

+ X a y ditog m o i quan he hoa b i n h , hflu n g h i v a hgfp tdc giOra c^c n\idc r6i d d i l a T h a i L a n ) .
t r o n g k h u viTc, tao n e n m o t cong d6ng D o n g N a m A h u n g m a n h t r e n ccf sd t u
+ Yxiang qudc Cam-pu-chia : H i n h t h a n h t d t h e k i V . Tuf t h e k i I X d e n
cqdng k h u VLTC.

th§' k i X V l a t h d i k i p h a t t r i e n nha't cua vUctng qudc.
+ T h i e t l a p mOt k h u viJc hoa b i n h , tif do va t r u n g l a p d D 6 n g N a m A .

+ VifOng qudc L a o : TCf t h d i cd cd ngUdi L a o T h a n g s i n h song t r e n da't
- Ve sau CO t h e m cac t h a n h v i e n khdc gia nhap : B r u - n a y (1984), V i e t Lao, t h e k i X I I I ngifdi T h a i d i cxi d e n (goi l a ngiTdi L a o L u m ) cung s i n h song
N a m (1995), Lao va M i - a n - m a (1997), Cam-pu-chia (1999).
hoa hop. c a c bd lac L a o song d thifong liAi song M e Cdng. D e n n a m 1353,

(De thi de nghi cua Trifdng TI-IPT Thi xS Cao Lanh)
Cau 2 9
a) Trong thdi kl phong kien, d Dong Nam A da hinh thanh nhQng vUdng qu6'c
ndo ? Trinh bay qua trinh hinh thanh vd nhJng dgc diem cua cdc vUdng

tu t r i f d n g P h a N g d m da tho'ng nha't cac bd lac L a o l a p r a vufang qudc L a n
Xang ( T r i e u Voi).
b) NhOng

anh

hudng:

- N h i n chung, c a c vtfcfng qudc D d n g N a m A chiu a n h hifdng ciia v a n hoa
A n DO v a T r u n g Qudc.

qudc ndy.
b) Cdc vUdng qudc ndy chiu anh hadng cua nhQng nen van hod ndo ?

- N h d n g a n h hifdng n a y difcfc t h e h i e n qua c a c l i n h vifc nhtf : T o n giao
(Nho giao, dao P h a t , dao Hoi...), k i e n true ( t h a p , den...), c h d v i e t (chd Phan),

DAP AN
a) Cac vifong

quoc phong

kien

d Dong

nghe t h u a t mua,... .

Nam A :

(Di thi de nghi cua TrUdng THPT Chuyen Le Quy Don)

Qua t r i n h h i n h t h ^ n h va nhOfng dSc d i e m :
- Cac vMng

quoc phong k i e n d D o n g N a m A : (Ja-va) In-do-ne-xi-a, (Ma-

lac-ca) M a - l a i - x i - a , (Pa-gan) M i - a n - m a , T h a i L a n , Cam-pu-chia, ( L a n Xang)
Lao , ( D a i V i e t ) V i e t N a m .
- Qud t r i n h h i n h t h a n h : ( k h o n g t r i n h b a y V i e t N a m ) .
+ In-do-ne-xi-a : TCr t h e k i V I I d e n t h e k i X I I I d i l n r a qud t r i n h t h o n g
n h a t cac nvtdc nho t r e n cac dao I d n Ja-va va Xu-ma-tcf-ra. Cuoi t h e k i X I I I ,
Ja-va c h i n h phuc Xu-ma-tof-ra v^ cac dao n h o xung quanh, t h o n g n h a t t h a n h
vqong quoc In-do-ne-xi-a m a ngiTdi nLfdc ngoai quen g o i l a Ja-va.
+ Vuong quoc Ma-lac-ca : TCf dau t h e k l X V , cac niTdc nho tr§n b a n dao
M a L a i dau t r a n h t a c h k h o i a n h hufdng cua Xu-ma-ta-ra, t r o n g do Ma-lac-ca

Cau 3 0
Doc dogn viet sau ddy vd chf ra nhQng chi tiet khdng dung,
- Ai C O P Id tgng phdm cue song NIn.
- Ngadl Cam-pu-chia c6 ten tgc Id ngJdl Khd-me song tr§n cao nguyen Co Rgt.
- Thdi kl phdt tri^n cua vUdng qud'c Cam-pu-chia t a the k? XV-XVII, cdn goi Id
thdi kl Ang-co.
- Ngudi sdng Igp ra nUdc Lan Xang Id Pha NgOm.
- Ban tuyen ngdn nhdn quyen vd ddn quyen dadc thdng qua ngdy 4-7-1776
d MT.

d i t i e n phong. GiOfa t h e k i X V , sau t i e u quoc M a L a i hap t h a n h vtfong quoc

- ChQ sd 0, 1,2,... Id phdt minh Idn cua ngadi Hi Lap vd Rd-ma.

Ma-lac-ca. Ma-lac-ca l a t i e n t h a n cua M a - l a i - x i - a ngay nay.

- Cdc vUdng qudc cd 6 Ddng Nam A ddu chju anh hUdng cua van hod

+ Vucfng quoc Pa-gan : TCf dau Cong nguy§n d§'n cuoi t h e k i X , c6 nhieu
qu6'c g i a nho xua't h i | n t r e n dong hkng cdc con song d Mie'n D i e n . GiOa th6

Trung Qudc.