Website quản lý điểm của sinh viên ở trường đại học

TRUOI{G DAI HOC rAV OO

KHoA xY rnuAr-'coNc xcnn

T*r.r*{'}c

**l

*re*

TAY

KHOA LUAN TOT NCnrEp

wEBSrrE QUAN L* DrEM CU,q. SrNH VrEN
O TRUONGDAIHoC

Sinh viOn thlrc hiQn
Chdu Kim Hrin

CinbQ huong ddn
ThS.NguyEn Chi Cucrng

MSSV: 085 1010026
C6n b0 ph6n biQn
ThS.LC Thi Thu Lan

Kh6a luQn dugc b6o vQ t4i: H6i d6ng ch6m luQn vdn t6t nghiQp BO mdn ......
.Khoa K! Thupt C6ng NghQ, trucrng Dai hgc T6y D6 vAo
ngdy...th6ng...n6m...

C6 th6 tim hi6u kh6a luQn tpi:
Thu viQn: Truong Dpi hgc Tdy D6.
Website : http ://tdu.edu.vn
L.003714


Kh6a luQn ti* nghiQp: Website Quan Ly Diem cila Sinh ViOn o trudng dqi hqc

LOI CAM ON
DAu ti6n t6i xin chdn thdnh gui loi cim crn d6n Ban gi6m hiQu trucrng D4i Hgc
quf thAy c6 dd t4n tinh d4y b6o, truyAn dat ki{fn thric, ctng nhu kinh nghiQm
D6,
Tdy
quf b6u cho t6i su6t thoi gian hgc tap tpi trucrng.

T6i xin giri ldi c6m on thAy Nguy6n Chi Cudng, thAy cta t4n tinh hucmg d6n,
girip dd t6i trong su6t thdi gian thgc hipn luQn v6n. TOi cfing chdn thdnh c6m crn thiy
-O
irong Kho.a K! Thuat - C6ng NghQ di tao mgi di6u kiQn thupn lqi nh6t AC tOi c6 thiS
hodn thdnh tdt 1u4n v[n tdt nghiQp.
T6i xin gui loi c6m crn sdu sic d6n gia dinh, cha mg, nguoi thdn, nhirng nguoi
d5 nudi d4y, ttQng vi6n vd ring hQ t6i tltin ngdy hdm nay.

Xin c6m on t6t ci anh chf, bpn bd de nhiQt tinh chia s6 kinh nghiQm, ki6n thuc,
girip tld t6i trong su6t nhimg n[m hgc t4i truong.

Sinh vi6n thgc hiQn
A'

CHAU KIM HUN

GYHD: ThS.Nguydn Chi

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Kh6a luQn t6t nghiQp: Website Qudn L!, DiAm cfia Sinh ViOn 6 trudng dqi hpc

NH,IN xET ctr.t cIANG

vItN HUol{c oAN

------(8 @ p------

a

Cin Tho,ngey.

.

...th6ng. . ...ndm 2Ol2

Gi6ng viOn hufng d6n

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Khoa ludn t& nghiQp: Website Qudn Lj,Didm cfia Sinh ViOn 6 trudng dqi hpc

NHAN XET CUA GIANG VITN PHAN BIE,N
--o5

ro &)------

Cin Tho,ngdy.....th6ng.....n6m 2012
Giing vi6n phin biQn

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Kh6a luqn t(it nghiQp: Website Quan L!,Diem cua Sinh ViAn o tudng dqi hoc

MUC LUC
MUC LUC
DANH MUC BANG
DANH MUC HiXU

cAC

rf

........4
........ s

sEu vA vrET TAr........

........
ABSTRACT...........
TOM TAT

cHuoNG r: r6NC

QUAN

DE...........

DAT VAN
1.2 LICH Su GrAr QUYET VAN
1.3 PHAM Vr DE
1.4 HUoNG GrAr

1.1

DE..........

.........6
................. 8
..................9

......... l0
........... 1l
................ 11
................... 1l
........... 11
..............12
.............12
.........12
................ 13
............. 13
......... 13
......... 13
...........14
..............14
..........14
..............29
............29

TAI.........
QUYET
1.4.1 V6 lf thuyrit
l.4.2Vethuc hinh
cHuoNG 2: Co So Lv THUYET
2.1 HE QUAN rRI CO SO DULIEU MySQL...
2.1.1 Gi6i thieu........
2.l.2tJuditim vd nhucvc cli6m
2.2 ToNG QUAN VE pHp..
2.2.1Dinh nghia
2.2.2 Cnph6p vd mQt s6 phucrng thric ccy bAn trong PHP........
cHuoNG 3: NQr DUNG VA KET QUA NGHTEN Cr.fu

3.1 KET QUA ErEU TRA THU THAP rHoNG TrN .........
3.2 GrurpnAp pHAN ricu vA THIEr KE cAC tr,tO ttiNu
....... 30
3.2.1 MO hinh thsc ttr€ t............... 30
3.2.2M0 hinh lufn l), (MLD).
.........31
3.2.3 Cbcrdng buQc tham chi6u
.......31
3.2.4Tn di6n dt li€u..........
...............33
3.2.5 Lutd6 ...........
..........37
3.3 CAC KET QUA DAT DUQC
...................41
dung
vi6n
3.3.3 Trang giing vi6n.........
3 .3 .4 Trang sinh vi6n ..... ..
KET LUAN VA Op NCUI
I.KET LUAN
t.t f6t qui d4t dusc
l.2Hqn chi5...........
PHU LUC
TAr LrPU THAM KHAO
3.3.1 Trang ngudi
3.3.2Trang qu6n trf

..

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...................41
..................47
............ 60
.

...... ... .... 62

..............66
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......67
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Khda luqn tiit nghiQp: Website Qudn Ly Eiem cila Sinh ViAn o ffudng dqi hpc

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Kh6a tuQn t6t nghiQp: Website Qudn L!, Diem cua Sinh ViAn o ffudng dqi hoc

DANH MUC UiUn
Hinh 3.1-M6 hinh thgc ttr6 tc6t hqp..........

l)r.............

Hinh 3.2 -M6 hinh lupn

.......30
.................32

Hinh 3.3 - Giao diQn chinh tr6n trang nguoi dung........

....................41

khoa

..............42

Hinh 3.5 - Danh s6ch giing vi6n cria khoa........

..............42

Hinh 3.4 - Danh s6ch

Hinh 3.6- Danh s6ch c6c

nginh

......43

Hinh 3.7- Danh s6ch c6c m6n thuQc mQt ngdnh

- Tin tuc.....

Hinh 3.9 - Khung dlng nh4p ddnh cho sinh viOn..

................43
.....44

Hinh 3.8

.......45
vi6n
................45
Hinh 3.1 I - Khung d[ng nh4p ddnh cho gihng vi6n .........
............46
Hinh 3.12 - Nhap th6ng tin dlng nh{p ctra gi6ng vi6n.........
..............46
Hinh 3.13- Khung cl6ng nhfp ddnh cho qu6n tri vi6n.........
........47
Hinh 3.14 - Nhap th6ng tin dlng nh4p cria quin tri vi6n.........
.....47
Hinh 3.15 - Giao diQn chinh trang quin tri
Hinh 3.16 - Xem th6ng tin gi6ng viOn.........
....................48
......48
Hinh 3.17 - Xem th6ng tin sinh vi6n ........
.......49
Hinh 3.18 - File excel m6u cria sinh vi6n
....................49
Hinh 3.19 - ThCm danh s6ch sinh vi6n bing file excel.
Hinh 3.20- Xem th6ng tin lorp
........50
Hinh 3.21 - ThCm th6ng tin kh6a hec..........

....................50
Hinh 3 .22 - Danh s6ch sinh vi6n thuQc mQt lorp
... ... ... 5 I
Hinh 3.23 - Xem th6ng tin khoa
.....................51
Hinh 3.24 - Xem th6ng tin nginh
...................52
Hinh 3.25 - Xem th6ng tin m6n
.....52
Hinh 3.26 -File excel miu cria m6n.........
......53
Hinh 3.27 - ThCm danh s6ch m6n bing file excel
............53
Hinh 3.28 - ThCm m6n vdo nginh
..................54

Hinh 3.10

s

...........44

-

Nhflp th6ng tin dlng nhflp cua sinh

..

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.

..

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Khda tuqn tilt nghi€p: Website Quon Li,Diem cila Sinh ViAn d ffuong dq.!-.hpc

- Xem m6n trong ngdnh
Hinh 3.30 - Xem th6ng tin hgc ki - ndm hqc..........
Hinh 3.31 - Xem th6ng tin ciic m6n hgc dd dugc mo l6p
Hinh 3.32 - M0 lorp cho sinh vi6n ding ki hQc
Hinh 3.33 - Xoa th6ng tin m6n hgc t16 dugc mo lcrp
Hinh 3.34 - Danh s6ch sinh vi6n ding ki hgc chua dugc duyQt
Hinh 3.35 - Danh s6ch sinh vi6n cl6ng ki hgc dd dugc duyQt
Hinh 3.36 - X6a th6ng tin ddng ki hgc ctra sinh vi€n.........

Hinh 3.29

.................54
.........55

................55
................56
......56

.......57
...........57
..............57

dii5m
Hinh 3.38 - Sria di6m
Hinh 3.39 - X6a di6m

...................58

di6m
Hinh 3.41 - Xem th6ng tin tin tric...........

....................59

Hinh 3.37 _Xem

Hinh 3.40 -File excel bing

- Giao diQn dOi mat khAu ctra qu6n tri vi6n.....
Hinh 3.43 - Giao diQn chinh trang gi6ng vi6n.........
Hinh 3.44 - Phdn c6ng gi6ng day cho gi6ng vi6n.........
Hinh 3.45 - Giao di6n nhflp clii5m cira gi6ng vi6n.........
Hinh 3.46 - Xem th6ng tin c6 nh6n cira gi6ng vi6n.........
Hinh 3.47 - Giao diQn AOi mAt khAu cria gidng vi6n.........
Hinh 3.48 - Giao diQn chinh ctra trang sinh vi6n

Hinh 3.42

hoc

Hinh 3.50 - DIng ki hqc dinh cho sinh vi6n
Hinh 3.51 - Xem thdng tin c6 nh6n cria sinh vi6n..
Hinh 3.52 - Giao diQn OOi mat khAu ddnh cho sinh vi6n
Hinh 3.53 - Danh s6ch c6c m6n trong chuong trinh hgc
Hinh 3.54 - File excel c6c m6n trong chucrng trinh hgc
Hinh 3.49 -Xem dirSm c6c m6n dE

GVHD: ThS.Nguydn Chi Cwong

....58
....58

........59
.................60
.........60
....................61
....................61
.................61

................62
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...................63
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CAC KY HIEU VA VIET TAT

viet

tit

PHP

a

CSDL
SOL
MCD

MLD
HTML
ASP
IP

Y nshia
Personal Home Page
Co So Dfr LiOu
Structured Ouery Language
Model Conceptual Data
Model Losical Data
HwerText Markup Language
Active Server Pages
Internet Protocol

a

a

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Khoa luQn t6t nghiQp: Website Quan L!,Diem cila Sinh ViAn o ftudng dgi hOc

TOM TAT

O cilctrudng d4i hgc, b6n c4nh viQc gi6ng day thi quAn lf dii5m sinh vi6n ld mOt
^ rdt
c6ng viQc
^. quan trgng. NOu quin ljz bAng tay, viQc ndy doi hoi r6t nhi6u gi6y mgc,
thoi gian vd c6ng sric. ViQc luu trft di6m vd tim ki6m cfing rdt kh6 khdn.

a

Chinh vi v6y, AC tai "Qudn Lj, DiAm fiwdng dgi hgc" dugc dua ra nhim mqc
dich tpo ra m6t chuong trinh co th6 thay th6 con ngudi ldm nhfrng viQc ndy. Chucrng
trinh sE giirp gi6m thi6u t6i da cdng vi6c cria ngudi qudn lf vi t[ng dQ chinh xhc cba
viQc tinh toan aiti-, girip ngucri dung d6 dang tra cuu, th6ng k6, so s6nh vd in 5n c6c

dfr liQu khi cAn. ViQc quAn lli nhu v4y cfrng thC hien sy chuy6n nghiQp h6a trong c6ng
t6c qudn lif cua trucrng. Chucmg trinh sE dugc vi6t tr6n ngdn ngt PHP vd hQ co sd dir
liQu MySQL.

TU KHOA

-

Dai hgc

-

Di6m

-

Sinh vi6n

Gi6ng vi€n

Mdn hgc
Lcrp

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Kh6a luQn t6t nghiQp: Website Qudn L!,Diem cila Sinh ViAn d ffrdng dqi hpc

ABSTRACT
In the university, beside the teaching, the mark management of students is a
very important work. If that manage manually, it will require a lot of paper, ink, time
and effort. The storage and search marks will be extremely difficult.

Therefore, the topic "Universiqt Mark Management" was given the
purpose of creating a program that can replace people to do these things. The program
will help minimize the work of the managers and increase the accuracy of the mark
calculation, help users easily search, statistics, comparison and printing in case of need.
That management also demonstrates the professionalism in the management of the
school. The program will be written in PHP language and MySQL managerment
system.

KEYWORDS
University
Mark
Student
Teacher

Subject
Class
5

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CHUONG 1: TONG QUAN

1.1. Dar VAN on
Ngdy nay c6ng nghQ th6ng tin ld mQt ngdnh c6 tAm quan trong trong qu5 trinh
ph6t tri6n n6n kinh te dit nudc, trong d6 viec str dpng Internet ld mQt nhu ciu kh6ng
th6 thieu trong x6 hQi hiQn nay.
Internet li cric dlch vp cung c6p th6ng tin cin thi6t nh6t trong cuQc s6ng hiQn
nay, girip ta c6 thi5 trao d6i th6ng tin mQt c6ch nhanh ch6ng, c6 th6 mua b6n tr6n m4ng
mQt c6ch tiQn lgi, ta c6 th6 tham kh6o di thim mQt s6 noi danh lam thing cinh mi ta
chi cAn ng6i t4i nhd cfing bii5t duqc tinh hinh noi d6, ta cflng c6 th6 xdy dpg Web tr6n
Internet d,5 quAn I1i danh s6ch cria m6t cquan, mQt truong hqc ndo d6 ho[c x6y d1mg web b6n vd quing c6o cdc m[t hing .
Web ld mQt giao di0n cira Internet vdi nguoi ding, chi chira c6c chi mgc hay
c6c 1i6n k6t. Web dugc x6y dpg dya tr6n nAn ting ctia HTML vd mQt sd ng6n ngt lap
trinh kh6c nhau nhu: ASP, PHP. Hi€n nay viQc quin li, citc c6ng ty, trucrng hgc hay
cdc mf;t hdng kh6ng cdn phii bing nhirng s6 s6ch luu trft vi m6t nhitiu thoi gian dti
nhpp vd chinh sira khi dt liQu thay c16i nta. Md ngudi ta c6 thr5 sri dr,rng c6c img dung
c'ia c6c ngg, ngt dC xdy dpg trang web gi6i thiQu, qu6n l;i, quing c6o. DAy cflng ld
l1i do tOt 0e chqn dC tdi "xffy dqng website quf,n lf tli6m cria sinh vi6n O trulng il4i
hgc" sir dUng ngdn ngt 16p trinh PHP vi hQ quAn trf cd sd dt liQu MySQL 5.0.

1,.2. LICH SrI CrAr QUYET VAN Or
DE co nhi0u website qu6n l1f di6m dugc vi6t ra ct6 phpc vu cho viQc qu6n ly
cli6m b cdc trucmg d4i hoc nhrmg chua linh ho4t trong vi6c quin lf diem vd nhQp, xu6t
d[ liQu. Van cl6 t6n t4i ld ldm sao xdy d1mg clugc mQt website c6 th6 quin llf ctGm t6t
dC ung dung vdo thgc ti5 vi vAn c16 lcrn nhet ctra c6c website qu6n lf diCm ta tai ngudi
dung khi d[ng ky hgc. Oe nric phuc duoc v6n dO tr6n ngudi qu6n tri sE quy dinh gio
cho timg lorp vdo cti5 dang kf hgc. Ngodi ra, c6 th6 th6ng kC luqt truy cflp th6ng q,lu dlu
chi IP n6u vugt qu6 sd lugt truy cap quy dfnh sE th6ng b6o cho nguoi-dung UiCt n sO
tugt truy cap ctd t6i da vd ngudi dung vui ldng truy c4p vdo thoi gian kh6c.

1.3.

PHAM Vr DE TAr

Oe tal nhim xdy dpg dugc mQt website c6 khi ndng quin l1i tli6m cria todn bQ
sinh vi6n o mQt trudng d4i hgc. Website nhim mUc ctich girip Ban gi6m hiQu, gi6ng
vi6n c6 m6t ciii nhin kh6i qu6t vC tinh hinh hgc t4p cua ttmg sinh vi0ndOi vOi m6i mQi
m6n hoc, cflng nhu ld mQt c6ng cp girip Ban gi6m hiQu d6nh gi6 mQt c6ch l1f tinh
th6ng qua c6c ktit qui th6ng kC kha n[ng gi6ng day cria t&ng giang vi6n ctimg lorp.

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Kh6a luqn t1t nghiQp: lTebsite Qudn Li, Diem cila Sinh ViAn o ffudng dqi h7c

C6c chric nlng chinh cria website:

-

QuAn
khoa.

lf

sinh viOn, giing vi6n, quin

lf

diiSm theo lop hgc, m6n hgc vd theo niOn

-

Cho ph6p gi6ng vi0n tryc tii5p nhflp dii5m.

-

Circbdo c6o, th6ng k€ cin thi0t.

-

Tin tuc

Th6ng kC tinh hinh hgc t4p, tinh hinh gi6ng d4y.

Tim kitSm c6c thdng tin cAn thi6t.

vC th6ng b6o cira trudmg,

lich thi cira c6c lcrp.

H5 trq tryc tuyi5n ddnh cho sinh vi6n vd gi6ng vi6n
Phdn quyiin trong c6c thao t5c cua ngudi dung li6n quan cti5n CSDL chung.

1.4.

HTIoNG GrAr QUYEr

1.4.1. VO ty thuyiit

-

Thu thdp th6ng tin, quan s6t thgc ti5 mQt sti truong d4i hgc.

-

Tim hi6u c6c website qu6n

,.;.

lf

cti€m d5 c6.

1.4.2. Vdittnpc hirnh

-

Vi6t website quin

lf

cti6m tr6n ng6n

ngt

10p

trinh PHP.

Co so dir liQu MySQL 5.0.

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Kh6a tuqn t6t nghiQp: Website Quan Ly DiAm cua Sinh Vi€n o trudng dqi hoc

CHIIOI{G 2: CO SO Lf THUYET

2.1.

HE QUAN

rRI

CO SO DU LrEU MYSQL

2.1.1. Gi6ri thiQu
MySQL ld hQ quin trf co so dt liQu md ngudn m0 miSn phi, dugc tich hqp sir dung
chung vdi apache, PHP.

.

MySQL ld mQt phAn mOm quin tr1 co sd
ducrng v6i SQL seryer cfra Microsoft).

dt lieu d4ng server-based (gAn tucrng

MySQL quAn lf dt tiQu th6ng qua c6c co sd dt liQu, m6i ccr so dt liQu c6 th6 c6
nhi6u bing quan he chua dt lieu.
MySQL c6 co chti ph6n q.rydn ngudi su dpng ri6ng, m5i ngudi dung c6 th6 dugc
quin lf mQt hay nhidu co s& dt liQu kh6c nhau, m6i ngudi dung co mQt t6n truy c4p vi
m4t khAu tucrng ung dC truy xu6t dtin co so

dt

liQu.

Khi ta truy vAn tdi co so dt liqu MySQL, ta ph6i cung c6p t€n truy c4p vd m$t khAu
cua

tii

2.1.2.

khodn co quy6n su dgng co s0

tlu tli6m vir nhuqc tli0m

dt

liQu i16.

cira MySQL

z.l.z.l.Ifu ili0m

.
-*

MySQL ld mQt hC quin tri nh6, b6o mpt vd rht d6 st dung, thuong dugc su dpng
cho c6c img dpng nh6 vd trung binh. N6 dugc sir dpng cho c6c img dpng clienVserver
v6i m6y cht m4nh nhu UNIX, Windows vd d[c biQt trdn m6y chu UNIX.
MySQL h6 trq c6c ditim vio ANSI SQL 92 vd ODBC mhc 0-2 SQL chuAn.
MySQL h5 trq nhiAu ng6n ngfi cho viQc b6o t6i. NgOn ngfi dusc h6 trq m[c dinh
cho

dt

1i6u

li

ISO-8859-1.

Ng6n ngt 10p trinh sir dung vi6t c6c hdm API Oti tnam nh4p co so dt 1i6u MySQL
c6 th6 ld C, Perl, PHP.
C6c bing trong co sd dfi liQu MySQL c6 kich thu6c r6t lcrn vd dugc luu o thu mgc
Datas. Kich thudc 16n nh6t ctra mQt bing tOi ttri6u ld 4GB vd kich thu6c lcm nh6t cua
mQt

file do hQ di6u hdnh quy dfnh.

Co s& dfi liQu MySQL rAt dC quin
v6i c6c hQ quin trf co so dt liQu kh6c.

lf

vd c6 t6c

t10

xir

lf

cao hcrn tdi ba btin lAn so

MySQL ld hQ mQt hQ quin trf co so dft liQu m6 hinh quan hQ, n6 c6 mi ngu6n md.
N6 duoc cung c6p mi6n phi tr€n cbc mdy chir LINIX, OS vd c6 tr6n Windows.

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Khoa ludn t6t nghiQp: Website Qudn Li,Diem cila Sinh ViAn o ffudng dqi hpc

2.l.z.2.Nhugc tli6m
MySQL kh6ng cho ph6p thgc hiQn c6c cAu lenh SQL truy v6n con.

Vi dp: SELECT emp x
WHERE sal > (SELECT AVG(sal)
FROM emp
WHERE x.deptno

:

deptno)

ORDER BY deptno

MySQL kh6ng h6 trq Stored Procedures, Triggers, Transactions nhu c6c
scr dir lipu kh6c.

hQ quAn

tri

ccr

2.2. ToNG QUAN VE PHP
2.2.1. Dinh nghia
PHP dugc vi6t tit boi cpm tri Personal Home Page ra cloi ndm lgg4, do mQt nhd
phat minh mang t6n Rasmus Lerdorf, vd n6
{oq. ph6t tritin.bcri nhii)u c6 nhdn vd t4p

th6 kh6c, do clo PHP tlugc xem nhu ld s6n phAm cria mi ngudn mo.

PHP ld kich bin trinh chri (server script) ch4y tr€n phia server (server side) nhu
c6c server script kh6c (asp, jsp, cold fusion).

h kich bin

cho ph6p chirng ta xdy dtmg img dqng web tr6n mAng internet
hay intranet tucmg tdc voi m6t co so dfr 1i6u nhu: mySQL, postgreSQl, Oracle, SQL
server vd Access .
PHP

Tu phi6n b6n 4.0 tr0 di duoc h5 trq session, ngodi ra PHP cflng nhu Perl ld kich
b6n xy lf.chu6i r6t m4nh chinh vi vpy chring ta c6 th6 su dung PHP trong nhirng c6
y6u c6u vO xu lf chu6i.

2.2.2. Cri ph6p

2.2.2.l.Khii

vi mQt s6 phuong

niQm vd crfl

thrfrc co bfln trong PHP

phip PHP

Trang PHP cfrng chinh ld I trang HTML co nhring m6 PHP cy bOn trong vi c6
mcr rQng ld .php. Phdn m6 PHP tlugc d[t trong th6 mo <?php vd th6 d6ng >. Khi

trinh duyQt truy cfp vdo 1 trang PHP, server sE dgc nQi dung file PHP 16n, loc ra c6c
do4n md PHP, thgc thi c6c do4n md d6, ley k€t qu6 xu6t ra cira c6c do4n m5 PHP thay
th6 vdo ch5 ban dAu cria chirng fong file PHP, cu6i cung server tr6 v0 k6t qua cu6i
cung ld I trang n6i dung HTML vC cho trinh duyQt.

.
ph6n

GVHD: ThS.Nguydn Chi Curdng

14

SWH:Chdu Kim Hiln


OC

hp trinh bing ng6n ngt PHP cin chri
Cu6i cdu l0nh c6 dAu

f

nhirng di6m sau:

;

Bi6n trong PHP co ti6n tO ld $.

:

-

M6i phucrng thric ddu Uat AAu { vd d6ng bing dau }.
Khi khai b6o bi6n thi kh6ng c6 kiiSu dfi lieu.

n

-

N€n ghn gi|tri khdi dAu cho bi6n khai b6o.

Phii c6 ghi chri (comment) cho m5i chr?c ning m6i.

St dsng dhu llde giai thich cho m6i cdu ghi chri.
Khai b6o bitin c6 phAn biQt cht hoa cht thucrng.
2.2.2.2. ThG cfia PHP
C6 4 loai th6 kh6c nhau trong PHP ta c6 thiS sir dgng khi thitit kti trang PHP:

+ Kii5u short: Ddy ld th6 mflc dinh md c6c nhd lap trinh PHP thuong su dpng
cho trang PHP c6 th6 thgc thi 1o4i th6 niy

clti

;?)

+ Ki6u dinh dang XML: Th6 ndy c6 thi5 sir dpng vdi vln bin dinh d4ng XML,
n6u ta l4p trinh PHP c6 f clinh sri dsng vdi XML website, ta cAn phii khai b6o th6 PHP
rong trang PHP nhu sau:

<? Php eclto " welcome to php with xml";?>