So sánh trong Tiếng anh lý thuyết và các dạng bài tập ứng dụng

COMPARISON

COMPARISONS
I. COMPARISONS
1. Equal comparison
S + Verb + as + Adjective/ Adverb + as Noun / Pronoun
My book is as interesting as yours.
His car runs as fast as a race car.
S + Verb ( in negative) + as/ so + Adjective/ Adverb +as + S + Verb / Aux
John does not sing so well as his sister does.
2. Comparative form.

Adjective + er
S + Verb
Adverb + er
more + Adjective/ Adverb
less + Adjective/ Adverb
Eg: John’s grade is higher than his sister’s.
He speaks Spanish more fluently than I do.

+ than Noun / Pronoun

3. Superlative

S + Verb the

Adjective / Adverb+ est
most + Adjective/ Adverb
least + Adjective/ Adverb

Eg: John is the tallest boy in the family.

That child behaves the most carelessly of all.
Note: The same idea can also be converted in another way.
S + Verb + the same + ( noun) + as + Noun / Pronoun
Eg: my house is the same height as his.
II. DOUBLE COMPARATIVE
1. Càng ngày càng:
a. Short adjectives and adverbs:
* Form:
adj/adv-“er” and adj/adv- “er”
Ex: The days are getting longer and longer.
b. Long adjectives and adverbs:
* Form:
more and more + adj/adv
Ex: The game gets more and more exciting
2. Càng.....càng
a. Short adjectives and adverbs:
*Form:
The + adj/adv- ‘er’ , the adj/adv- “er’

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in + singular count noun
of + plural count noun


COMPARISON

Ex: The bigger the room is, the better I feel.
b. Long adjectives and adverbs:
* Form:

The more + adj/adv, the more + adj/adv
Ex: The more difficult this work is, the more excited I feel..
3. Nouns and verbs.
* Form:
The more….., the more …….
Ex: The more money he gets, the more food he buys.
The more he works, the more he earns.
* Chú : Ta có thể kết hợp tất cả các hình thức trên với nhau:
Ex:

The more work he did, the busier he became.

The less you think of the story, the better you feel
5. So sánh kép cũng có thể biến đổi thành các mệnh lệnh khi đề nghị/khuyên bảo các hành động
nào đó.
Study more, learn more.
Play less, study more.
Work more, save more.
Think harder, get smarter.
Các dạng đặc biệt của câu so sánh
1.So sánh dạng gấp nhiều lần (Multiple Numbers Comparison)
Đó là dạng so sánh về số lần: một nửa(half), gấp đôi (twice), gấp ba (three times)…
Ở dạng so sánh này, chúng ta sẽ sử dụng so sánh bằng và phải xác định được danh từ là đếm
được hay không đếm được.
Cấu trúc: S + V + multiple numbers + as + much/many/adj/adv + (N) + as + N/pronoun.
Ví dụ:
The bicycle costs three times as much as the other one.
Mary types twice as fast as I do.
Lưu ý: twice that many/twice that much = gấp đôi ngần ấy... chỉ được dùng trong văn
nói, không được dùng trong văn viết.

Ví dụ:
We have expected 80 people at that rally, but twice that many showned up. (twice as many as that
number).
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COMPARISON

2.So sánh kép (Double comparison):
Mẫu câu 1:
The + comparative + S + V + the + comparative + S + V
Ví dụ: The sooner you take your medicine, the better you will feel
Mẫu câu 2:
The more + S + V + the + comparative + S + V
Ví dụ: The more you study, the smarter you will become
Mẫu câu 3: Đối với cùng một tính từ:
Short adj:
Long adj:

S
+
V
+
adj
+
S + V + more and more + adj

er

+

and

+

adj

+

er

Ví dụ: The weather gets colder and colder
3.So Sánh hơn kém không dùng “than”
Phải có “the” trước tính từ hoặc trạng từ so sánh. Chú ý phân biệt với so sánh hơn nhất.
Thường trong câu sẽ có cụm từ “of the two+noun”
Ví dụ:
Harvey is the smarter of the two boys
Of the two books, this one is the more interesting
III. PRACTICE
Exercise 1.
1. Bill Gates is one of ________ people in the world.
A. the rich

B. richer

C. rich

D. the richest

2. I am ________ at music than my old sister.

A. good

B. better

C. goodest

D. the best

3. Rita is ________ than the other students in class.
A. hardworking

B. the most hardworking

C. more hardworking

D. hardworkinger

4. Ice hockey is ________ sport in Canada.
A. popular

B. the most popular

C. more popular

5. Garfield is ________ than Nemo.
A. the funniest

B. more funny

C. funnier

6. That is ________ song this band has.
A. the most beautiful
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B. more beautiful

D. funny

D. populariest


COMPARISON

C. beautifulest

D. Beautiful

7. The China Wall is ________ wall in the world.
A. the longest

B. more long

C. longer

D. long

C. the busiest

D. most busy

8. Cities are ________ than villages
A. busier

B. busy

9. One's fingerprints are _______ other person.
A. different from those of any
B. different from
C. differ from any
D. different from any
10. Amalia is ________ girl in the class.
A. the cleverest B. clever

C. cleverer

D. more clever

11. German is ________ than English.
A. the most

B. difficult difficulter C. difficult

D. more difficult

12. Swimming is ________ than running.
A. exciting

B. more exciting

C. excited

D. the most exciting

13. Your new car is _______ than my old one.
A. the cheapest B. cheaper
C. more cheaper
D. most cheapest
14. It gets _______ when the winter is coming.
A. cold and cold
B. the coldest and coldest
C. colder and colder
D. more and more cold
15. New York is ________ city in USA.
A. crowded

B. the most crowded C. more crowded D. crowder

16. Of the four dresses, which is _______expensive?
A. the best

B. the most

C. the more

D. the greater

17. The larger the apartment, the_______ the rent.
A. expensive

B. more expensive C. expensively

D. most expensive

18. The faster we walk,_______ we will get there.
A. the soonest

B. the soon

C. the more soon

D. the sooner

19. “ Why did you buy these oranges? ” “They were _______ I could find. ”
A. cheapest

B. cheapest ones

C. the cheapest ones D. the most cheapest

20. She plays the piano _______ as she sings.
A. as beautifully B. more beautifully C. as beautiful

D. the most beautifully

21: Nam is 5 years ______ than Hoa.
A. old
B. older
C. elder
D. eldest

22: This factory produced ______as motorbikes in 2008 as in the year 2006.
A. as many as twice
B. as twice as many
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COMPARISON

C. as twice many
D. twice as many
23: Peter wanted to win the race. He ran ______.
A. so fast as he can
B. fast as he could
24: Petrol is _______ it used to.
A. twice as expensive as
C. twice more than expensive

C. fast as he can

D. as fast as he could

B. twice expensive more than
D. more expensive than twice

25: She speaks Chinese as ________ as I do.
A. well

B. good

C. very good

D. better

26: Lucy answered the questions ______ than Sarah.
A. more intelligent

B. most intelligent

C. more intelligently

D. intelligent

27: One of the ____ diseases mankind has ever faced is cancer.
A. worse

B. better

C. worst

D. best

28: Nancy plays the piano _____ beautifully than I do.
A. most

B. as

C. more

D. quite

29: It is ______ to talk about a problem than to solve it.
A. more easier

B. easiest

C. easier

D. easy

30: The situation continues to get worse and ______.
A. worst

B. bad

C. worse

D. badly

31: You have got a scholarship; you are luckier______.
A. as I do

B. than I am

C. than I have

D. than I do

32: The longer hours you work, ______.
A. the less tired you'll be

B. you'll be more tired

C. the more tired you'll be

D. the most tired you'll be

33: Nowadays, young people ______.
A. don’t read as many as their parents used to B. don’t hardly read much as their parents did
C. do more reading as their parents used to

D. don’t read as much as their parents used to

34: The more you talk about the situation, ______.
A. it seems the worse

B. the worse it seems

C. it seems worse

D. the worse does it seem

35: “Could you talk ______? I'm learning my lessons.”
A. more quietly

B. as quietly

C. most quietly

D. so quietly

C. so fast like his car

D. as fast as his car

36: John said that no other car could go ______.
A. fastest than his car B. faster like his car
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COMPARISON

37: The more you study, ______.
A. you will gain more knowledge

B. the more knowledge do you gain

C. you are the more knowledgeable

D. the more knowledge you gain

38: John works much ______ than we do.
A. more hardly

B. harder

C. hardest

D. hard

39: The longer he waited, ______ impatient he got.

A. the better

B. better

C. the more

D. more

40: The harder you try, ______ you get.
A. the best
B. good
C. the better
D. better
41. There were two small rooms in the beach house,________ served as a kitchen.
A. the smaller of which
B. the smallest of which
C. the smaller of them
D. smallest of that
42. Thanks to the progress of science and technology, our lives have become _______.
A. good and better
B. better arid better
C. the best and better
D. better and the best
43.__________in Shanghai than in any other city in China.
A. More people live
B. More people living
C. It has more people
D. More living people
44. Your bike is 3times _____________
. As fast as I

b. As fast as me
c. As fast as mine
d. Faster than mine
45. It gets _______ to understand what the professor has explained.
A. the more difficult
B. difficult more and more
C. more difficult than
D. more and more difficult
Exercise 2: Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correction.
1. Richard feels good than several days ago.
A

B

C

D

2. Mary and Daisy are both intelligent students. Mary is so intelligent as Daisy.
A

B

C

D

4. The Caspian Sea, a salt lake, is the largest than any other lakes in the world.
A

B

C

D

5. He drives the car more dangerous than his brother does.
A

B

C

D

6. It was the most biggest building that I had ever seen.
A

B

C

D

7. I wish my house were so large as Jone’s.
A
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B

C

D


COMPARISON

8. The Mekong is one of the longer rivers in the world.
A

B

C

D

9. She can play the piano more good than her sister.
A

B

C

D

10. Many people believe that New York is the most great city in America
A

B

C

D

11. His drawings are as perfectly as his instructor’s drawings .
A

B

C

D

12. The salary of a professor is high than that of a secretary
A

B

C

D

13. The duties of a policeman are dangerous than those of a teacher.
A

B

C

D

14. John’s car runs good than Mary’s.
A

B

C

D

15. The climate in Florida is as milder as California.
A

B

C

D

16. Classes in the university are most difficult than those in the college.
A

B

C

D

17. The basketball games at the university are well than those of high school.
A

B

C

D

18. I feel more better today than I did last week.
A

B

C

D

19. This encyclopedia costs three times as more as the other one.
A

B

C

D

20. He visits his family less frequent than she does.
A

B

C

D

21. Jessica is only an amateur, but she sings well than most professionals
A

B

C

D

22. This house is more spacious as that white house I bought in Rapid City, South Dakota last
year.
A

B

C

D

23. They asked a lot of questions, checked their figures, and came up with best solution.
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COMPARISON

A

B

C

D

24. Almost everyone has heard the more famous Olympic saying: “Stronger, Higher, Faster.”
A

B

C

D

25. Louise is the more capable of the three girls who have tried out for the part in the play.
A

B

C

D

26. This telephone isn’t as cheap the other one, but it works much better.
A

B

C

D

27. Stories are the most good way of teaching moral lessons to young people.
A

B

C

D

28. The first skill to learn is how to write only the more important words, not whole sentences.
A

B

C

D

29. It is certainly true that the average woman has weaker muscles that the average man.
A

B

C

D

30. In 1925, he joined the advertising department of Doubleday Page and
A

B

Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences, using comparative forms:
1. Yesterday the temperature was nine degrees. Today it’s only six degrees.
=> It’s ........................................................................................................................................
2. Tom is the best football player in this team.
=> Nobody in this team..............................................................................................................
3. Chris and Joe both did badly in the exam. Chris got 20% but Joe only got 15%.
=> Joe did ..................................................................................................................................
4. I expected my friends to arrive at about 4 o’clock. In fact they arrived at 2:30.
=> My friends.............................................................................................................................
5. Jane cooks better than her sister. Jane’s sister cooks worse than Jane.
=> Jane’s sister............................................................................................................................
6. Nothing is faster than the speed of light.
=> The speed of light..................................................................................................................
7. He has never seen such an interesting film.
It’s the ...........................................................................................................
8. This is the best film I’ve ever seen.
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COMPARISON

I’ve ............. (never seen a better film than this (film).) or (I’ve never seen such a good film.)
9. I look into your eyes much, I love you much.
The ______________________________________________________

10. People save much paper, much wood pulp is preserved
The ______________________________________________________
11. You speak English much, your English will be good.
The ______________________________________________________
12. Petrol becomes expensive, people drive little.
The ______________________________________________________
13 Noone in this class can play tennis better than him
He can…………………………………………….
14. He is the richest person I’ve ever known.
I have never..........................................................
15. Mary is pretty but Camry is prettier.
Camry is the …….. (prettier of the two girls.)
.

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