Nâng cao chất lượng giảng viên ngành kinh tế các trường đại học công lập trên địa bàn thành phố hà nội tt tiếng anh

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INTRODUCTION
1. The urgency of the topic
Since the world's first higher education institution was established,
lecturers have always been respected by society. Former US President Bill
Qualityinton asserted: “To have the best schools, there must be the best
lecturers”. The quality of lecturers has a great influence on the quality of
higher education as well as the quality of social human resources - a factor
determining the existence and development of each country.
In Vietnam, our Party and State have always considered education and
training to be a top national policy and for education, including lecturers with
significant investments and interests. The 8th Conference, the Central
Executive Committee of the 11th Session issued Resolution 29-NQ/TW on
November 4, 2013, clearly defining the development and improvement of the
quality of lecturers is the key task for fundamental and comprehensive
renovation of training and education in the current context. Improving the
quality of lecturers has therefore been and is a "hot" issue that is paid
attention and research by many countries and scientists in the country and
internationally.
Researches around the world have shown the role and the necessity to
improve the quality of lecturers. However, due to differences in context and
perspective, the evaluation criteria, ways of determining and improving the
quality of lecturers are very different, the applicability to the situation and
conditions of Vietnam is low. Recent researches in Vietnam have also
confirmed the important role of lecturers in the country's development
process, pointing out the limitations on the quality of lecturers in the
universities in Vietnam as a policy of management, development of lecturers
still has many inadequacies: low percentage of lecturers with doctoral
degrees, the quality of scientific research activities of lecturers is still low...
Public public universities have an important role in Vietnam. Hanoi

currently has 74 universities and institutes, of which 38 are public
universities, many of which have recently expanded their training to
economics. Therefore, the force of economics lecturers with their own
characteristics, different from other lecturers, increasingly plays an important
role. The quality of economics lecturers have a great influence on the quality
of training as well as the reputation and brand of the universities. Improving
the quality of economic lecturers has become a strategic goal and is the


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school of interest to implement. However, up to now, there has been no
comprehensive research on this issue. Therefore, graduate student selects the
thesis topic “Improving the quality of economics lecturers at public
universities in Hanoi city” with both theoretical and practical implications.
2. Research purposes and missions
2.1. Research purposes
On the basis of establishing and measuring the criteria for assessing the
quality of economics lecturers, proposing a number of solutions and
recommendations to improve the quality of economics lecturers in public
universities in Hanoi city on period to 2025, vision 2030.
2.2. Research mission
- Clarify and develop a number of related theoretical issues, attaching
importance to building a system of criteria for evaluating the quality of
economics lecturers at public universities;
- Studying experiences of a number of domestic and international public
universities on improving the quality of economics lecturers, thereby
drawing lessons for public universities in Hanoi city;
- Analyzing the status the quality of economics lecturers at public
universities in Hanoi city, showing the advantages, limitations and causes of

those limitations;
- Proposing a number of specific solutions and recommendations to
improve the quality of economics lecturers at Hanoi’s public universities in
the period up to 2025, vision 2030.
3. Research questions
- What are the quality of economics lecturers at public universities?
which factors are affected?
- Which criteria should be used to assess the quality of economics
lecturers at public universities?
- What solutions need to be taken to improve the quality of economics
lecturers at public universities in Hanoi in the current context?
4. Research subject and scope
4.1. Research subjects
The object of the thesis research is the quality of economics lecturers at
public universities.


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4.2. Research scope
Research content: The thesis approaches the issue of economics lecturers
quality at public universities from the viewpoint of human resources
management. Graduate student focused on clarifying the concept of
economics lecturers quality at public universities; Since then, the system of
criteria, evaluation criteria and factors affecting the quality of economics
lecturers at public universities, especially human resource management
activities of public universities to improve quality of economics lecturers.
The thesis focuses on researching the group of Organic Economics lecturers.
Research space: The thesis researches on public universities in Hanoi
city. Survey data collected mainly in 5 universities, including: National

Economics University (NEU), Foreign Trade University (FTU), Trade Union
University (TUU), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST),
Thuyloi University (TLU).
Research period: The dissertation mainly takes data related to quality of
economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city within a period of 5
years, from 2014 to 2018, propose solutions to 2025 with a vision to 2030.
5. Research method
5.1. Methods of data collection
Methods of secondary data collection: Graduate student collects
secondary data to systematize, develop scientific basis as well as contribute
to analyzing and assessing the status of economics lecturers quality at public
universities in Hanoi city by retrieving and selecting information from
published scientific works, theses, publications, books, journals, scientific
yearbooks, numbers statistics of research agencies and State Management
Agencies on Higher Education (General Statistics Office, Ministry of
Education and Training...) and public universities in Hanoi City.
Methods of primary data collection: Graduate student conducted a survey
using a questionnaire (269 lecturers and 95 students) at 5 public universities
in Hanoi to collect primary data to answer to some research questions as well
as clarify, explain the causes of practical problems that secondary data has
pointed out... Questionnaires combined using identification scales, scales
order and Likert 5-level scale based on the content to be studied.


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5.2. Methods of analysis and data processing
Graduate student combines the use of both quantitative and qualitative
analysis methods and expert methods, personal in-depth interviews methods,
Statistics and synthesis, descriptive statistical methods, comparative methods.

6. New contributions of the thesis
6.1. Scientific significance
Using the approach of the lecturers quality according to the content of
human resources management quality, the thesis has made some
contributions as follows:
(i) Develop and clarify a number of concepts related to quality of
economics lecturers at public universities;
(ii) Clarify the role and characteristics of the economics lecturers quality
at public universities in the context of globalization and international
integration together with the strong development of science and technology
in the current period;
(iii) Develop a system of criteria for evaluating the quality of economics
lecturers at public universities in accordance with the current conditions of
Vietnam;
(iv) Identify and clarify the factors affecting the quality of economics
lecturers, especially the human resources management activities of public
universities to improve the quality of economics lecturers.
6.2. Practical significance
(i) Studying some experiences on improving the quality of economics
lecturers of domestic and foreign universities, thereby drawing appropriate
lessons for public universities in Hanoi city;
(ii) Measuring and assessing the situation, analyzing the factors affecting
the quality of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city; specify
the advantages, limitations and causes;
(iii) On the basis of analyzing the context to 2025, vision 2030, offering a
comprehensive, feasible system of solutions and proposing some specific
recommendations to improve the quality of economics lecturers at public
universities in Hanoi city.
7. The structure of the thesis
Chapter 1. Overview of research situation about the quality of lecturers

Chapter 2. Scientific basis on quality of economics lecturers at public
universities


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Chapter 3. Current situation of the economics lecturers quality at public
universities in Hanoi city
Chapter 4. Solutions to improve the quality of economics lecturers at
public universities in Hanoi city
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH SITUATION
ABOUT THE QUALITY OF LECTURERS
1.1. Overview of research situation of lecturer quality
1.1.1. The abroad research
Researches in foreign countries about lecturer quality also show the
important role of lecturers as well as the necessity to improve lecturers'
quality. However, the identification of factors affecting the quality of
lecturers so that there is a way to measure, evaluate and improve the quality
of lecturers is still controversial because of cultural and qualitative
differences in awareness. In general, the quality of lecturers is a
multidimensional structure, affected by many different factors, which should
be measured by a system of appropriate standards and criteria as a basis for
developing and implementing the main principles. books, measures to
promote and improve the quality of lecturers.
1.1.2. The domestic research
Recent domestic research on the quality of lecturers has also confirmed
the position and important role of lecturers, and pointed out the
shortcomings, limitations and requirements, requiring quality improvement.
the number of lecturers aiming at fundamental and comprehensive
renovation of education and training in the new period. However, most of

these researches approach the issue of lecturers quality in the direction of
evaluating faculty capacity. Very few studies have approached the quality of
lecturers according to the content of human resource quality, assessing the
quality of lecturers through the criteria for evaluating the quality of human
resources (Mind - Health - Intelligence), especially yet deeply exploiting the
content of lecturers' quality according to the standards prescribed in the legal
documents.
1.2. Knowledge gaps and research direction of the thesis
1.2.1. Knowledge gaps
- The quality of lecturers is understood in different ways, so the ways
and standards/criteria to measure and evaluate the quality of lecturers are


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also very different. Most of the research approaches towards the evaluation
of lecturers capacity. Researches on assessing lecturer quality according to
the content of human resources quality are still low, the content of lecturers
quality assessment has not been concretized yet.
- In the few researches approaching the content of human resources
quality, when evaluating the quality of lecturers, the authors only use the
criteria to evaluate the factors that make up the capacity of the lecturers
(including Mind - Health – Intelligence power). There have been almost no
researches assessing the quality of lecturers through the combination of
assessing the factors that make up the ability to work with the performance
and the level of meeting the requirements of stakeholders.
- No researches has been studied systematically and comprehensively on
issues related to the economics lecturers in general, improving the quality of
economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city in particular in the
context and current trends.

1.2.2. Research direction of the thesis
- Approach: Approach content the quality of economics lecturers from
the viewpoint of human resources management: quality of lecturers are
reviewed and evaluated through 2 groups of criteria: (1) Group of criteria to
evaluate the feasibility the ability of the lecturers to work; (2) Group of
criteria for evaluating labor results and the level of meeting requirements of
stakeholders. the quality of lecturers is assessed from the aggregate
viewpoint of the relevant subjects, including State Management Agencies on
Higher Education, universities, students, and enterprises.
- Regarding research content: The thesis focuses on studying the
following basic issues:
(1) Analyze, clarify and develop some theoretical and practical issues
related to quality of economics lecturers at public universities:
- Systematize, inherit and develop a number of theoretical issues about
quality of economics lecturers at public universities such as: The concept,
role and characteristics of the economics lecturers in the trend and current
context; Establishing a system of standards and criteria for evaluating the
quality of economics lecturers in public universities; Analyzing and
clarifying the factors affecting the quality of economics lecturers at public
universities, especially paying attention to analyzing human resources


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management activities in order to improve the quality of economic lecturers
of the public universities;
- Researching a number of domestic and international experiences,
thereby drawing lessons on improving the quality of economic lecturers for
public universities in Hanoi city;
(2) Analyze and assess the status of quality of economics lecturers at

public universities in Hanoi city closely follow the theoretical and practical
basis of the thesis.
(3) Proposing a number of solutions and recommendations to improve
the quality of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city to
2025, with a vision to 2030.
CHAPTER 2. SCIENTIFIC BASIS ON QUALITY ECONOMICS
LECTURERS OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES
2.1. Lecturer in economics at public universities
2.1.1. Some concepts
Public university is a university which established and managed by the
government to carry out training and research activities to serve the nation's
development goals in specific periods.
Economics lecturers at public universities are lecturers participating in
teaching the specialized modules of the business and management group,
block III, code 7 34, at public universities.
2.1.2. Role, labor characteristics
2.1.2.1. Role
During the implementation of professional duties, the lecturer takes on
three main roles: (1) Teachers, (2) Scientists, and (3) Service Providers for
the community.
2.1.2.2. Labor characteristics
- Labor purpose
- Subjects of labor
- Labor tools
- Products of the labor process
- Labor environment
2.2. Quality lecturers of economics at public universities
2.2.1. Some concepts

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The quality of economics lecturers at public universities is a set of
characteristics of economics lecturers at public universities (expressed in
three aspects of Mind - Health – Intelligence power) constituting ability to
work to meet the needs of stakeholders in specific conditions.
2.2.2. Standard and evaluation criteria
2.2.2.1. Standard
- Firstly, there must be good quality, morality and thought;
- Second, must meet occupational standards by job placement;
- Thirdly, having updated skills, improving professional capacity;
- Fourthly, ensure health according to career requirements.
2.2.2.2. Evaluation criteria (Table 2.2)
2.2.3. Influence factor
- Group of macro-environmental factors;
- Group of education environment factors;
- Group of factors belonging to the university;
- Group of factors belonging to lecturers.
2.3. Improving the quality of economics lecturers at public universities
2.3.1. Concept
Improving the quality of economics lecturers at public universities is to
increase the characteristics and labor results of economics lecturers at public
universities in order to meet the development goals of the parties related in
future identification.
2.3.2. Human resource management activities improve the quality of
lecturers in economics at public universities
Activities include: Analysis, job design and human resource planning,
Recruitment, Assignment and job placement, Job performance evaluation,
Work motivation and Training, development Human Resources.
2.3.3. Some experience in improving the quality of lecturers in domestic

and foreign economics and lessons learned for public universities in Hanoi
city
2.3.3.1. Some experience
- Experience of Washington University - Seattle (USA)
- Experience of Nanjing University (China)
- Experience of the University of Economics - Hanoi National University


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2.3.3.2. Lessons learned for public universities in Hanoi city
Firstly, it is necessary to develop and apply mechanisms and policies
aimed at improving the environment, working conditions, ensuring life,
increasing income ... in order to attract and improve the quality of lecturers.
Secondly, attention should be paid to strengthening the cohesion with
enterprises in the process of performing professional activities.
Third, more attention should be paid to investing in scientific research
activities of the team of economics lecturers.
Fourthly, international cooperation in training and fostering is both an
indispensable and objective requirement, as well as an effective solution to
improve the quality of lecturers in the strong development trend of science
and technology…
Fifthly, good implementation of human resources management activities
will contribute significantly to improving the quality of economics lecturers.
CHAPTER 3. CURRENT SITUATION OF ECONOMICS LECTURERS
QUALITY OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN HANOI CITY

3.1. Overview of public universities in Hanoi city
3.1.1. Outline the process of formation and development
Hanoi City - The Capital of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is the

center of politics, culture, science and technology and education, and is the
major economic center of the country.
Since the reorganization of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, the
names of two major universities under the French colonial era were
Indochina Medical University (1902) and Indochina University (1906) into
Vietnamese Medical University (now Hanoi Medical University) and
Vietnam National University (now Hanoi National University) as well as
establishing Hanoi National University of Education (1951), the process of
formation and development of public universities in Hanoi city can then be
divided into three main stages:
The period of 1956 - 1966. This is considered to be the founding stage of
many large public universities in many key areas of Vietnam's education in
Hanoi city.
In the period 1966 - 1986. Universities in Hanoi adjusted the content and
training program in accordance with the actual situation; at the same time
continue to set up a number of public universities.


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From 1986 to the present. Many colleges establishment have been
upgraded to universities, some new universities continue to be established to
train many new professions and fields, making significant contributions to
the training and education of Hanoi in particular, of the whole country in
general.
3.1.2. Some characteristics that affect the quality of economic faculty
members
3.1.2.1. Number, size and training industry
In terms of number: Hanoi currently has 52 universities (38 public
universities, 14 private universities - excluding Hanoi National University

and affiliated universities) and 29 institutes. In which, 22/38 public
universities provide training in economics.
Regarding training scale and professions: The size of university training
of public universities in the period of 2014-2018 slightly increased from
525,325 students in the academic year 2013-2014 to 531,229 students in the
academic year 2017-2018 (Table 3.1). Public universities in the city of Hanoi
focus on training mainly in 3 sectors III, V and VII.
3.1.2.2. Teaching staff
Lecturers of public universities in Hanoi city are constantly growing in
number (Table 3.2), mainly supplemented by good students, master's
students anh graduate students.
3.1.3. Training results and scientific research period 2014 - 2018
3.1.3.1. Training results
Over the past years, along with the development of the city and the
country, the public universities in the city of Hanoi have trained hundreds of
thousands of students every year, most of whom graduated with excellent
degrees, good and excellent. This is an important high-quality workforce for
industrialization and modernization of the capital and the country (Tables 3.3
and 3.4).
3.1.3.2. Scientific research results
Scientific research activities of lecturers of public universities in Hanoi
city are always evaluated with high applicability in production and life,
solving practical problems, creating sudden changes. breaking production
forces, renewing models of growth, economic development (Table 3.5).
However, activities of scientific research activities of public universities are
not uniform. ISI and SCOPUS international announcements in the economic


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lecturers are still modest, even at schools with many announcements.
Compared to the regional level, the number of international publications of
schools in the period 2014 - 2018 is limited.
3.2. Analyze the current quality of lecturers in economics at public
universities in Hanoi city
3.2.1. Actual quality of lecturers of economics at public universities in
Hanoi city
3.2.1.1. About quantity and structure
- About the quantity:
The number of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city
has increased by 6.59% between 2014 and 2018, accounting for 27.50% of
the total lecturers of 22 economics training universities, accounting for
14.29% of the total list of public universities in Hanoi city. This rate is higher
than the rate of lecturers of the national economic group (11.9%) but lower
than the proportion of lecturers of economic lecturers in public universities
(15.5%). This proves that: although there has been a growth in number,
economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city have not met well the
practical requirements set out.
The percentage of students/lecturers in the economics training group at
public universities in Hanoi in the school year 2017-2018 is 24.33 (Table
3.6), higher than the national average as in Hanoi. This partly reflects the
rather large teaching pressure that economics lecturers at public universities
in Hanoi city are facing.
- Regarding structure:
Gender structure: The proportion of male lecturers is 47.23%.
Age and seniority structure: The average age of economics lecturers at
public universities in Hanoi city is 40.93, under 35 years old accounts for
38.76%, from 35 - 45 years old accounting for 41.58%. Economics lecturers
with less than 5 years of seniority accounted for 19.38%, with seniority from
5-10 years accounted for 25.10%, from 10 to 20 years was 34.65%.

Structure of professional qualifications: The proportion of lecturers
reaching the Doctor level increases. In the 2017-2018 academic year, this
number is 24.30%, 58.24% has a Master's degree. However, the proportion
of lecturers with the title of Professor and Associate Professor remains low
(35 Professor, 315 Associate Professor - Table 3.7).


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Therefore, at the moment, the economics lecturers at public universities
in Hanoi basically meet the requirements of quantity and structure at average
level, in accordance with the results survey at 5 universities.
3.2.1.2. Actual working status
- Physical state:
Average height and weight of male economics lecturers are (167.5cm 63kg), for women is (160cm - 53kg). 85% of economics lecturers at 5
universities surveyed meet health standards of categories 1 and 2 (Table 3.9).
However, the proportion of economics lecturers suffering from occupational
diseases is quite high (Table 3.10).
- Actual status:
In terms of professional qualifications, the force of economics lecturers
at public universities in Hanoi is not uniform, the number of Professor and
Associate Professor (out of 5 surveyed universities) is mainly concentrated at
the NEU. The rate of economics lecturers reaching Doctor level tends to
increase and rejuvenate, working experience and career skills are at average
level.
- The state of mind power:
The results of the survey (Table 3.14) show that the level of engagement,
dedication to the job of the economics lecturers is at an average level
(3.00/5), the level of implementation of religious standards professional
ethics and awareness, working attitude, sense of responsibility of the

economics lecturers were rated higher with 3.40 and 3.62/5 points
respectively.
Thus, it can be seen that the team of economics lecturers ensures quality
compared to the mission requirements of the universities. However, the level
of quality of the new economics lecturers is at an average level compared to
the current practical requirements.
3.2.1.3. Situation of labor results and the level of meeting the requirements of
the stakeholders
- Labor results:
(i) Results of the implementation of the teaching norm of economics
lecturers
90% of economics lecturers at 5 universities conducted a survey to
complete and exceed the teaching norms for the academic year 2017 - 2018, of
which the majority (72%) teach from 100 - 150% of the norm (Table 3.15).


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(ii) Percentage of graduates who have a job and a job suitable for their
specialty:
The rate of graduates having jobs after 12 months of the economic group
is very high, reaching an average of about 90%, the percentage of graduates
having jobs in accordance with the major is over 70% (Table 3.16).
(iii) Number and quality of scientific research projects:
The number and quality of scientific research, international publications
and domestic articles of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi
are low, not commensurate with the professional level and requirements,
demands from schools and society (Table 3.17).
(iv) Result of providing other social services: About 10% do not
participate in mass and social activities, do not participate in teaching,

scientific research at other training institutions or activities. actions of
enterprises.
- Degree of meeting the requirements of related parties:
(i) Degree of meeting the student's requirement:
The level of meeting the requirements of economics students at the 5
universities conducting the survey is different and not proportional to the
prestige, brand of universities or the economics lecturers capacity. In general,
the quality of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city have
not met well the requirements of students. Students are least satisfied with
the appearance (height - 2.60/5 points) and the lecturers' occupational skills
(2.61/5 points).
(ii) Degree of meeting the requirements of universities:
Universities have a high level of satisfaction with their quality of
economics lecturers fairly (average 3.39/5 points).
(iii) The level of meeting the requirements of enterprises:
Economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city only meet the
average requirements of businesses (2.95/5 points).
3.2.2. Situation of human resource management activities to improve the
quality of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city
3.2.2.1. Analysis, design of work and Human Resource Planning
Many public universities in Hanoi city implement the Circular
14/2012/TT-BNV Guiding the implementation of Decree 41/2012/NĐ-CP of
the Government in public non-business units. However, in the process of
implementing the Project on job placement, there were still a number of


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shortcomings leading to low efficiency, and not yet creating a significant
effect of improving the quality of economics lecturers.

3.2.2.2. Recruitment
Most of the schools have developed their own Recruitment Regulation,
ensuring that the recruitment is conducted objectively, fairly, scientifically
and in compliance with laws. However, in some universities, recruiting
activities are not strategic, mainly addressing the current shortage of
lecturers, not serving much for the long-term development orientation in the
future.
3.2.2.3. Assign and arrange lecturers in economics
Public universities in the city of Hanoi often assign and arrange
economics lecturers in two directions: specialization or multi-purpose and
taking advantage of the concurrent lecturers.
3.2.2.4. Evaluation of work performance
The evaluation of job performance by the economics lecturers of the
universities is conducted on the basis of the general provisions of the
Ministry of Education and Training, incorporate in adding a number of
specific regulations and requirements of the training sector.
3.2.2.5. Motivate working for lecturers
All universities in Hanoi are motivated to work for lecturers with
material and mental stimulation tools. However, due to various reasons,
many universities have not performed well and brought into full play the
effect of this tool.
3.2.2.6. Training, fostering and developing lecturers
The training and development of economics lecturers have been
implemented by the universities based on the lecturers team and the actual
conditions of each university. Many universities have promulgated the
Regulations on Training and Retraining of Cadres and lecturers, stipulating
standards and regimes for lecturers participating in the training. Although
quite similar in the implementation process, the effectiveness of the training
of economics lecturers of each public university in Hanoi is very different,
depending on the views of the Leadership as well as the incentive system of

the universities.
3.2.3. Situation of factors affecting the quality of economics lecturers at
public universities in Hanoi city
3.2.3.1. Macro environmental factors group


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Results of survey show that all four macro-environmental factors have a
strong influence on the quality of economics professors in public universities
in Hanoi (Table 3.25).
3.2.3.2. Actual situation of environmental factors in education sector
The education environment factors have a great influence on the quality
of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city (Table 3.26).
3.2.3.3. The reality of the factors belongs to universities
The opinion points of the leader and the prestige of the University have a
great influence on the quality of economic faculty members with the
respective ratings of 3.85 and 3.71/5 points (Table 3.27).
3.2.3.4. The reality of the factors belongs to lecturers of economics
The quality of economics lecturers is greatly influenced by the capacity,
ability (3.99/5) and the needs of themselves (3.77/5 points). The degree of
influence of circumstances and personal conditions on the quality of
economic faculty members is lower, only at an average level (2.92/5 points) Table 3.28.
3.3. General assessment of the quality of economics lecturers at public
universities in Hanoi city
Results of the assessing quality of economics lecturers at public
universities in Hanoi city (Table 3.30) show that: Most of the criteria for
evaluating the quality of economics lecturers are at average level (points) the
rating reaches from 2.60 to 3.39/5); 2 criteria for evaluating the low quality
of economic faculty members - unsatisfactory are the high proportion of the

trainees suffering from occupational diseases and the number of published
scientific research projects of the trainees. 4 criteria for evaluating the high
quality of economic faculty members include: (1) Consciousness, working
attitude, sense of responsibility, (2) Degree of implementation of
professional ethical standards, ( 3) Proportion of graduates having jobs, and
(4) The proportion of graduates having suitable jobs.
3.3.1. Success
In general, the quality of economics lecturers at public universities in
Hanoi city basically meet the requirements of the State Management
Agencies as well as the university Requirements from the parties concerned.
In terms of quantity, economics lecturers are constantly being
strengthened and supplemented from qualified human resources, ensuring the


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rate of students/lecturers in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry
of Education and Training.
In terms of structure, economics lecturers are relatively harmonious,
consistent with the general development trend of higher education. The rate
of economics lecturers with the title of Doctor, Professor and Associate
Professor tend to increase.
Most economics lecturers are committed to their careers, aware of their
positive working attitudes and high sense of responsibility. Over 90% of
economics lecturers always complete and exceed the tasks of teaching and
scientific research. The rate of graduated students in economics with jobs and
jobs suitable to the training industry is stable at a high level.
Economics lecturers also actively participate in social unions, participate
in teaching, scientific research outside the working unit and activities of the
business sector.

Public universities in the city of Hanoi have always tried and made good
efforts to implement human resources management activities in order to
improve the quality of economics lecturers: improved right from the
recruitment stage and throughout the process of arranging, using, evaluating,
training and developing lecturers. Professional qualifications, teaching skills
and scientific research, work experience of economics lecturers in many
universities has been significantly improved. The life and income of
economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city has been gradually
improved.
3.3.2. Limited and causes
3.3.2.1. Limit
On the number and structure: Not meeting the practical requirements set
out: The rate of students/lecturers is even higher than the average ratio in
Hanoi and the whole country.
On quality of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city
measured according to evaluation criteria: The criteria for assessing the
quality of economics lecturers are almost average and there is no uniformity
among universities:
Criteria for assessing Health: The rate of economics lecturers suffering
from specific occupational diseases related to eyes, ears, nose, throat, lungs...
is still high, affecting the ability to work long term as well as quality
performing professional tasks.


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Criteria for assessing Intelligence: Force of economics lecturers with
Doctor, Professor and Associate Professor level qualifications are low
compared to other countries in the region and around the world, in addition
to distribution regularly, mostly concentrated in some of the top universities;

And 6.5% of economics lecturers have not reached the standard of training
(Master); A part of the lecturers, which are mostly young, weak and lack of
professional experience and skills...
Criteria for evaluating Mind: The degree of attachment, dedication to the
profession of a part of economics lecturers is not high, there are still negative
phenomena in the teaching and research activities of economics lecturers.
Criteria for evaluating labor results: Quantity and quality of scientific
research of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city,
expressed through the works published in journals domestic and international
press are low. The proportion of lecturers with more than 2 announcements is
only approximately 15% while about 20% of lecturers have no research
works in 2017-2018; Nearly 10% of economics lecturers have not yet
completed the teaching norms; About 10% of economics lecturers have not
yet participated in providing social services...
The criteria for evaluating the satisfaction of stakeholders: The
satisfaction level of universities, students and enterprises on the quality of
economic faculty members is only average. Skills in using foreign languages
and information technology in the operation process, results of scientific
research are still limited, slow to update knowledge, information...
3.3.2.2. Reason
Subjective reasons:
Firstly, in the period of 2014 - 2018, due to limited resources, schools
often focus on developing the number of economics lecturers, the issue of
improving the quality of economics lecturers is not really concerned, invest.
Second, a number of human resources management activities to improve
the quality of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city are not
synchronized, the effectiveness is still low. Such as the construction and
implementation of projects on job placement, lecturers evaluation,
recruitment, training, retraining, policy for economics lecturers are low...
Thirdly, the coordination between public universities in Hanoi and

between universities and businesses in implementing activities to improve
the quality of economic faculty members has not yet been effective...


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Fourthly, the schools still lack the initiative in activities to improve the
quality of economics lecturers.
Fifthly, the awareness of a part of economics lecturers on the importance
of ensuring and improving the quality of economics lecturers is not high.
Objective reasons:
Firstly, Vietnam's international integration process, together with the
strong development of science and technology, imposes higher requirements
on assurance and improvement of the quality of economic lecturers in the
context of resources’ universities and lecturers are still limited.
Secondly, the system of legal documents and legal provisions related to
the issue of quality of economics lecturers is still inconsistent and ineffective.
Thirdly, until now, there is no unified set of criteria for assessing the
quality of economic lecturers.
CHAPTER 4. SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF
ECONOMICS LECTURERS AT PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN HANOI CITY

4.1. Background to 2025, vision to 2030 and issues for improving the
quality of lecturers in economics at public universities in Hanoi city
4.1.1. Background to 2025, vision to 2030
4.1.1.1. The strong development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
The exponential growth rate of Industrial revolution 4.0 has created
major changes in the way of manufacturing and manufacturing of people
with intelligent factories that are automatically operated using robots instead
of workers. traditional.

In the period until 2025, with a vision to 2030, the development of many
new technologies, especially information technology, will create
fundamental changes in training models and teaching and learning methods
of universities (the development of online open training with virtual
universities and open online courses).
Students in many countries in recent years have strongly shifted to
studying science, technology, engineering and math to find opportunities to
stay in developed countries. However, in Vietnam today and forecasts for the
following years, due to the lack of clear directions for development prospects
in the near future, leading to the situation that the best students often choose
business - management groups such as business administration, finance,
banking, foreign trade... Requirements on quantity and quality of the force of


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economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city in particular so
increased.
4.1.1.2. University autonomy trend
The general trend of university administration in the world period to
2025, vision to 2030 is to gradually shift to models with higher levels of
autonomy, from state control to state supervision. (state supervison),
proceeding to the independent model.
In line with the common flow of universities in developed countries
around the world, in Vietnam, for nearly a decade, the issue of university
autonomy has changed dramatically. From the higher education system as a
big university, under the strict management of all aspects of the Ministry of
Education and Training, some universities have gradually been given
autonomy... Many universities are accumulating. extreme preparation of the
necessary conditions to transition to autonomy in the period to 2025, vision

to 2030. One of those conditions is the issue of improving the quality of
economics lecturers.
4.1.2. Issues raised for improving the quality of economics lecturers at
public universities in Hanoi city
Firstly, the public universities in Hanoi need to set goals to improve the
quality of economics lecturers on the basis of development strategies for
higher education up to 2025, with a vision 2030 in the Proposal for
Improving the Quality of Higher Education in the Period 2019 - 2025 of
January 15, 2019 of the Prime Minister.
Secondly, the activities of improving the quality of economic lecturers of
public universities in Hanoi must be conducted on the basis of ensuring strict
compliance with the provisions of relevant laws, with creative application
according to the actual conditions of each universities.
Thirdly, to improve the quality of economics lecturers at public
universities in Hanoi in the period to 2025, the vision to 2030 needs to focus
on the level of foreign languages, information technology and some
Necessary skills in a digital economy.
Fourthly, public universities in Hanoi city on the one hand must actively
prepare necessary conditions to switch to autonomy, on the other hand, they
must pay attention to well implementing the human resources management
activities to attract, train, develop and retain talents, proactively respond to
challenges in the first phase of transition to autonomy model.


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Fifthly, in order to achieve the goal of improving the quality of economic
lecturers in the current difficult conditions, State Management Agencies,
public universities in Hanoi city should be paid to living, raising incomes,
investing more in building and improving the environment and working

conditions for lecturers.
4.2. Some solutions to improve the quality of lecturers in economics at
public universities in Hanoi city
4.2.1. Improve the quality of lecturers’ scientific research
Universities should continue to develop and perfect the Regulation on
the lecturers’ scientific research activities, ensuring the balance between
teaching and research activities, and creating an encouraging environment,
reforming relevant administrative procedures, objectivity in evaluation and
acceptance as well as appropriate ways to attract and increase funding for
lecturers’ scientific research, promoting cooperation, international links, and
association with enterprises in the scientific research activities.
4.2.2. Improving the quality of training, retraining lecturers, associating
training with use
Universities should focus on strengthening and expanding international
cooperation activities to serve the long-term sustainable development goals
of the universities, and through international cooperation to train, foster and
improve high quality of lecturers team, including economics lecturers.
4.2.3. Enhancing cooperation and exchange of teaching and research
experiences between lecturers at universities and enterprises
Public universities in Hanoi need to diversify forms of association,
cooperation among universities, with other universities in the country and
internationally as well as between universities and Enterprises to improve the
quality of lecturers.
4.2.4. Implement satisfactory remuneration for lecturers, associate income
with quality and efficiency of work performance
Remuneration is an important factor to motivate to lecturers. However, at
present, the remuneration regime, including the salary for the lecturers is
generally low compared to the job market, does not really encourage the
lecturers to try to make efforts in the process of performing professional
tasks. The autonomous universities can refer to and apply the 3P salary

payment method which is applied by many organizations and businesses to


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the actual conditions of each universities, considering in relation to the salary
policies of the State
4.2.5. Improving the quality of recruitment of economics lecturers
Public universities in the city of Hanoi need to carry out well the work
analysis activities and human resource planning as a basis to improve the
quality of recruitment. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen
marketing and PR activities for recruitment activities, apply scientific and
technological advances in the recruitment process, build a satisfactory and
competitive remuneration regime, but still comply with in accordance with
the current provisions of law to attract high-quality human resources. The
role and proactive rights of faculties and subject groups need to be promoted
in recruitment of lecturers.
4.2.6. Innovating the management of lecturers in a flexible manner
Within the current legal regulations on public officials and lecturers,
universities, especially some universities that are still heavy on
“administrative management”, need to minimize the way of administrative
management in terms of time and increase. strengthen the management of
lecturers according to their work performance. At the same time,
strengthening the academic freedom of the lecturers, being more flexible and
“open” in assessing and planning, appointing economics lecturers.
4.2.7. Promote renewing university-oriented university governance
In order to integrate with the trend of developing higher education in
advanced countries in the region and around the world, Vietnamese higher
education institutions must gradually create a new university management
model suitable for Current practical conditions of the country in general and

of each higher education institution in particular. One direction that is
currently concerned is the innovation of university governance towards
business-oriented model. This model has been encouraged by the State
Management Agencies on Higher Education to gradually put into practice at
public universities to ensure necessary conditions, reflected in the new points
of Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Law on
Higher Education and Education Law 2019 has just been passed.
4.2.8. Strengthen propaganda to raise awareness and responsibility of
lecturers in economics
Improving the quality of economics lecturers at public universities in
Hanoi city, ultimately, must come from the specific actions of each lecturers.


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Therefore, the enhancement of propaganda to raise awareness and
responsibility of lecturers is very important and necessary.
4.3. Some recommendations
4.3.1. Recommendations to the State
Firstly, the State needs to create an environment and a legal corridor for
the State Management Agencies on Education to have conditions to
implement Education development plans and strategies in the coming time.
Secondly, to implement effectively the overall development strategy for
higher education in the period of 2021 - 2030, the project to improve the
quality of higher education in the period of 2019 - 2025 and the project to
improve the capacity of the university staff, lecturers, managers of higher
education institutions meet the requirements of radical and comprehensive
renovation of education and training for the 2019-2030 period.
Thirdly, reform the salary mechanism and policies for lecturers towards
increasing income, stabilizing and improving living standards.

Fourthly, strengthening the supervision and criticism of society in
matters of education and training in general, issues of higher education and
improving the quality of faculty in particular.
4.3.2. Recommendations to the Ministry of Education & Training
Firstly, build a specific roadmap, encourage universities to accelerate the
progress of partial and full autonomy in accordance with the actual
conditions of each universities, ensuring the requirements set out.
Secondly, there are mechanisms and policies to promote and improve the
quality of lecturers' scientific research activities.
Thirdly, effectively implement the project of Improving the capacity of
the teachers and managers of higher education institutions to meet the
requirements of radical and comprehensive renovation of education and
training for the period 2019 - 2030.
Fourthly, continue researching, thereby proposing to the competent
authorities the scheme of adjusting the salary policy for the teaching staff in
general, economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city in particular.
Fifthly, to consider, research, build, put into use and perfect the set of
criteria for evaluating the quality of economic sector candidates.


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CONCLUDE
In the trend of globalization, international integration and the strong
development of the fourth industrial revolution, the demand for high-quality
human resources in key areas, including human resources economic sectors
of nations are becoming increasingly urgent. The issue of improving the
quality of economics lecturers who are receiving much attention of the whole
society also comes from that meaning.
Hanoi is home to many large and reputable public universities

throughout the country, most of which have been performing the task of
training human resources in economic sectors for society. Public universities
in Hanoi city have paid attention to and created conditions for economics
lecturers to improve their qualifications, knowledge and skills... for a longterm sustainable development long-strategy. But the reality shows that these
actions and solutions are not synchronized, lack of close coordination
between the parties concerned, so have not achieved the desired effect.
Quality of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi city basically
only meet the average level of practical requirements.
The thesis “Improving the quality of economics lecturers at public
universities in Hanoi city” has achieved the following objectives:
Firstly, the thesis has systematized, clarified and developed the
theoretical basis of economics lecturers quality from the perspective of
human resources management.
Secondly, The thesis has studied the experience of a number of public
universities in the country and internationally, with the similar success in
improving the quality of economics lecturers, thereby drawing useful lessons
for public university in Hanoi city.
Thirdly, the thesis has studied, surveyed, analyzed and assessed the
status of quality of economics lecturers according to 2 groups of quality
criteria: (i) groups of criteria to evaluate work ability, (ii) ) group of criteria
for evaluating labor results and the level of meeting the requirements of
stakeholders.
Fourthly, the dissertation has proposed eight solutions to improve the
quality of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi in the period to
2025, vision to 2030.
Graduate student believes that with the results obtained, the thesis
“Improving the quality of economics lecturers at public universities in Hanoi


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city” is significant in both theory and practice. The thesis is also the basis,
scientific suggestions for the State Management Agencies on Higher
Education, universities and lecturers team to refer and apply in the process of
performing professional tasks.
Despite great efforts throughout the research and implementation
process, the thesis still has certain limitations and shortcomings. Some
theoretical issues have not been clarified or explained thoroughly in the
thesis due to limited information as well as professional qualifications and
time of research. Some data to prove the thesis's assessments are not
regularly updated, so the statistical indicators in the thesis only reflect the
reality in a relative extent and in terms of certain aspects. In addition, due to
limited resources, the thesis mainly researches and surveys at 5 public
universities in Hanoi, so the generalization may not be high, it may not show
characteristics each universities's own affects the quality of economics
lecturers. The assessments from enterprises - beneficiaries of training
products of economics lecturers are few and certainly not convincing... are
also limited, partly affecting the comprehensiveness of the thesis.
In the coming time, in order to overcome the above limitations and
complete our research, graduate student will continue to conduct research in
a number of directions: (i) research to clarify and deepen some theoretical
issues related to quality of economics lecturers; (ii) expanding the scope of
research, not only stopping at the block of public universities and Hanoi city;
(iii) further research on quality of economics lecturers through assessments
from enterprises - employers; and (iv) studying and measuring the
relationship between quality of economics lecturers and the quality of
training human resources in economics in universities...