Khảo sát tình hình nuôi rong sụn Kappaphycus alvarezii tại khánh hòa và tiến hành nuôi thực nghiệm ở các điều kiện khác nhau

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƢỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NÔNG LÂM THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
BỘ MÔN CÔNG NGHỆ SINH HỌC
****0O0****









NGUYỄN NGUYÊN CHIẾN





KHẢO SÁT TÌNH HÌNH NUÔI RONG SỤN
Kappaphycus alvarezii TẠI KHÁNH HÕA VÀ TIẾN
HÀNH NUÔI THỰC NGHIỆM Ở CÁC
ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÁC NHAU




LUẬN VĂN KỸ SƢ
CHUYÊN NGÀNH: CÔNG NGHỆ SINH HỌC


--

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƢỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NÔNG LÂM THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
BỘ MÔN CÔNG NGHỆ SINH HỌC
****0O0****












KHẢO SÁT TÌNH HÌNH NUÔI RONG SỤN
Kappaphycus alvarezii TẠI KHÁNH HÕA VÀ TIẾN
HÀNH NUÔI THỰC NGHIỆM Ở CÁC
ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÁC NHAU

LUẬN VĂN KỸ SƢ
CHUYÊN NGÀNH: CÔNG NGHỆ SINH HỌC



Giáo viên hƣớng dẫn Sinh viên thực hiện
Ths. ĐẶNG THỊ THANH HÕA NGUYỄN NGUYÊN CHIẾN
Ths. NGUYỄN XUÂN VỲ KHÓA: 2002 – 2006





--
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING
NONG LAM UNIVERSITY, HCMC
FACULTY OF BIOTECHNOLOGY









RESEARCHING SITUATION OF RED ALGA
Kappaphycus alvarezii CULTIVATION AT KHANH
HOA PROVINE AND PERFORMING

EXPERIMENTAL CULTIVATIONS WITH SOME
DIFFERENT CONDITIONS


GRADUATION THESIS
MAJOR: BIOTECHNOLOGY




Professor Student
MSc. DANG THI THANH HOA NGUYEN NGUYEN CHIEN
MSc. NGUYEN XUAN VY TERM: 2002 - 2006





HCMC, 09/2006



iii
LỜI CẢM ƠN

Tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn:
   

  




 
Trang 





 nm 2006

Nguyễn Nguyên Chiến










iv
TÓM TẮT KHÓA LUẬN


Kappaphycus alvarezii 





Kappaphycus alvarezii 




  



 
 

              
2005  2006 


   

          
  

              




v
  





vi
MỤC LỤC

TRANG

 ..................................................................................................................... iii
  ........................................................................................................... iv
 ........................................................................................................................... vi
 ........................................................................................................ ix
 .......................................................................................................... x
 ....................................................................................................... xi

1.  .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.   ............................................................................................................. 1
1.2.  ............................................................................................. 2
1.2.1.  ......................................................................................................... 2
1.2.2.  ........................................................................................................... 2
2.  .......................................................................................... 4
2.1.  .............................................. 4
2.1.1.  ........................................................................................... 4
2.1.1.1.  .................................................................................... 4
2.1.1.2.  .................................................................................... 4
2.1.1.3.  ..................................................................................... 5
2.1.1.4.   .................... 6
2.1.2.  ...................................................................... 8
2.1.2.1.  ............................................................................. 8
2.1.2.2.  ....................................................................... 9
2.1.2.3.  ..................................................................... 9

2.2.  ..................................................................................... 10
2.2.1.  ........................................................... 10
2.2.1.1.  ........................................................................................... 10
2.2.1.2.  .................................................................................................. 10



vii
2.2.1.3.  ............................................................................................. 11
2.2.1.4.  ................................................................................................. 11
2.2.1.5.  Brazil ................................................................................................... 11
2.2.2.  ........................................................... 12
2.2.2.1.   ..................................................................................... 13
2.2.2.2. T  ..................................................................................... 13
2.2.2.3.   ...................................................................................... 14
2.2.2.4.  ........................................................................................... 14
2.2.2.5.   ........................................................................................ 14
2.2.2.6.  ................................................................................ 14
2.3. ................................................................. 15
2.3.1.  ........................................................................................ 15
2.3.2.  ...................................................................................... 15
2.3.3. ng  .................................................................................. 15
2.3.4. .................................................... 16
3.   ................................................. 17
3.1.  ......................................................................................... 17
3.2.  ............................................................................................ 17
3.3.  .................................................................................... 17
3.3.1.  ...................................................................................... 17
3.3.1.1.  ........................................................... 17
3.3.1.2. -  ......................................... 18

3.3.2.  .............................................................................. 19
3.3.2.1.  ....................................................... 19
3.3.2.2.  .......................................................................... 23
4.  ................................................................................. 24
4.1.  .......................................... 24
4.2.  .................................... 25
4.2.1. u  Cam Ranh ........................................................ 25
4.2.1.1.  ................................................... 25
4.2.1.2.  ....................................... 25



viii
4.2.2.     ............. 29
4.2.2.1.  ................................................... 29
4.2.2.2.  ....................................... 29
4.3.  ..................................................................................... 33
4.3.1.              
  Cam Ranh.......................................................................................................... 33
4.3.2.           
 ..................................................................................................................... 34
4.4.  ............................................................... 35
4.4.1.  ................................................................................................. 35
4.4.2. H ................................................................................................. 35
4.4.3.  ........................................................................................................ 36
4.4.4.  .......................................................................................... 37
4.4.5.  ........................................................................ 38
4.4.6.  .................................................... 38
4.5.  .............................................. 38
4.5.1.  .................................................................................................... 38

4.5.2.  ................................................................................................... 39
4.5.3.  ........................................................................................................ 39
5.  ...................................................................................... 41
5.1.   .............................................................................................................. 41
5.1.1.  ........................................................................................ 41
5.1.2.  .......................................................................... 41
5.2.  ............................................................................................................... 41
6.  ....................................................................................... 43









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 3.1.  ................................................................ 20
3. ....................................................................... 21
3. ............................................................................. 22
1.  ............................... 25
  .............................. 25
   ............................................................ 28
 ............................... 29
B.5.  ................................. 29
  ............................................................ 32

  ................................... 33
 ................................. 34
















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2. Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex Silva 1996 ..................... 5
  ............................................................................... 17
2.  Cam Ranh ..................................... 19
3.3   ....................................... 19
   .................................. 24
  ................ 24
 ...................................................................... 35
 Cam Ranh ............................ 36

 ................................................. 36
 ....................................................................................... 37
 ........................................................................................ 37
 ............................................................................................ 38














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 4. Cam Ranh ....... 26
 4.   ............. 26
 4. ............................................. 27
 4.4.  ................ 28
 4. .................. 30
 4.
Phong  ............................................................................................................ 30
 4. .................................... 31

 4.8. ong
  ....................................................................................................................... 31





















1


PHẦN 1: MỞ ĐẦU

1.1. Đặt vấn đề
Kappaphycus alvarezii  


1980), 




 ng, 2005).
  


 
 USD.
    Chindrus crispus       
C

           Kappaphycus alvarezii 
Eucheuma denticulatum              
             
Philippines,  
ctv, 1991; Trono 
 
Carr
arrUSD (Critchley , 1998).
 
(Rhodophyta), 



2


 


 
m








1.2. Mục đích và yêu cầu
1.2.1. Mục đích

 


Kappaphycus alvarezii  


   
        Kappaphycus alvarezii trong  
 .
             


1.2.2. Yêu cầu
 
 
 o 



3



  
 
              
em

 
 
 

4


PHẦN 2: TỔNG QUAN TÀI LIỆU

2.1. Đặc điểm sinh học, lợi ích của việc nuôi rong Sụn
2.1.1. Đặc điểm sinh học
2.1.1.1. Hệ thống phân loại
  sau:
Rhodophyta
Rhodophyceae (Ruprecht in Middendorff, 1851)
Gigartinales (Schmitz in Engler, 1892)
Solieriaceae (J. Agarrdh, 1876)
Chi: Kappaphycus (Doty, 1888)
i: K. alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex Silva 1996
2.1.1.2. Đặc điểm hình thái
K. alvarezii 
 







K. alvarezii  
K. alvarezii 

Ohno , 1999).



5



Hình 2.1: Rong Sụn – Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex Silva 1996
(y drawings; I.C. Neish photos  Length of bar ca. 10 cm).
2.1.1.3. Đặc điểm sinh học
Theo Luxton (1999), rKappaphycus alvarezii trong 

            
(tetrasporophyte) 
               

 
 

 
 

    
               , sinh



 
ctv, 2004).



6


Cho 
ctvctv,
2004). Gi


ng 

Ohno , 1995).

Carrageenan (Paula tv, 2002
Hurtado
ctv, 2001
tm 
). 
Aguilan ctv, 2003).
2.1.1.4. Các yếu tố ảnh hƣởng đến tốc độ tăng trƣởng của rong Sụn
Độ mặn


  
 

Dòng chảy và lƣu thông

                 
 
Nhiệt độ
       25  28
o
C.

o

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

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
Cƣờng độ ánh sáng
 



7



Nhu cầu dinh dƣỡng

Trong 






          

Địch hại đối với rong

m song 
trung                   


12,





Bệnh rong Sụn
              





ce  Hurtado ctv, 2001).

8


ctv (2001), b
li

 

 
 
Trong 


4


2.1.2. Lợi ích việc trồng rong Sụn
2.1.2.1. Ứng dụng của rong Sụn
              
  
      
Kappa       McHugh  , 2003    
        .      
  , 1993).
Theo Lindsey  (1999), Kappa  

             


     

 
 


 
Mairh ctv, 1995).



9


2.1.2.2. Khả năng xử lý môi trƣờng
        ng


 700 g/m
2
,
  70%).



 20%.





2.1.2.3. Chiết xuất lectin từ rong Sụn
     ng        






K. Hiro (1981) 


 


  ctv    

              Kappaphycus



10


alvarezii

Kappaphycus
alvarezii 

, 2002).
2.2. Tình hình nuôi rong Sụn

2.2.1. Tình hình nuôi rong Sụn trên thế giới
2.2.1.1. Ở Philippines
Kappaphycus alvarezii Eucheuma denticulatum      


 

 
2.2.1.2. Ở Ấn Độ
     Kappaphycus alvarezii    
Kappaphycus striatum  ctv, 1995) 

 2
o


tm. Khi rong 
 30
o

   
 12 m sau,
i ta 
                  
25  26
o

              ctv, 1995).
               
            

11


Tamilnadu.
2.2.1.3. Ở Caribbean
Nm 1991, Kappaphycus alvarezii K. striatum 



2.2.1.4. Ở Kiribati
Kappaphycus alvarezii 








.687 AUD  1000 m
2

 , 
m.
               
.


 

     

2.2.1.5. Ở Brazil
Kappaphycus alvarezii  
 
in vitro
 



12




 nhau 


(3  5 mm)  


            
Kappaphycus alvarezii

2.2.2. Tình hình nuôi rong Sụn ở Việt Nam

                
K. cottonii, K. enerme, E. galatinum, E. arnoldi


t
n. Trong khi 





         g     
 200 kg, sau 
                



Ohno , 1995).
     



13



                


 
Dinh, 1995).

ang 

 
2.2.2.1. Tỉnh Ninh Thuận
           


 

 







 
 


2.2.2.2. Tỉnh Bình Thuận

                 
0,3  1      60     