Liên minh Châu Âu trong bối cảnh khủng hoảng kinh tế

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<b>KINH TE - PHAP LUAT CHAU AU </b>

<b>• B l </b>

<i><b>U€N MINH CHRU nU TRONG BOI CflNH KHUNG HORNG KINH li </b></i>

<b>PGS. T S K H . Tran Nguyen Tuyen </b>

<i><b>Ban Doi ngoai Trung uong </b></i>

<b>1. Khiing hoang kinh te tai cac nirdc </b>

<b>Lien minh Chau Au (EU) </b>

Cuge khung hoang tai chinh kinh te toan

cau da tac dgng manh me den tinh hinh kinh

te xa hgi ciia cac nudc trong Lien minh Chau

Au. Thye trang kinh te chung hien nay ciia

cac nudc EU la: san xuat cong nghiep suy

giam manh, tinh trang suy thoai lan rgng vdi

toe do nhanh, kem theo tinh trang that nghiep

gia tang. Mac dii eugc khiing hoang nay no

ra tai trung tam kinh te the gidi la nen kinh te

My, chiem 27% GDP ciia the gidi, nhung da

lan rgng sang cac trung tam kinh te the gidi

nhu: EU, Nhat Ban va cac nen kinh te mdi

noi nhu: Trung Quoc, Nga, An Do, Braxin.

Nam 2008, san xuat cong nghiep cua cac

nudc EU giam 12%. Theo dy bao ciia Quy

Tien te Quoc te, nam 2009 tang trudng GDP

ciia khoi se giam -3,2%) Ty le that nghiep tai

cac nudc EU da tang vgt, hien nay tren 8,5%,

tuang duong vdi 19 trieu ngudi, la miic cao

nhat ke tir cuge dai khung hoang 1929-1933.

Lien minh Chau Au hien nay gom 27

nudc thanh vien, dugc danh gia co thi trudng

ngi dia rgng ldn nhat the gidi, trong do c6 16

nudc thanh vien sir dung dong Euro. Tuy

nhien trong boi canh khung hoang tai chinh

toan cau, ca cac nudc Tay Au va Dong Au

deu gap kho khan, tam ly lo ngai cac nen

kinh te khu vye chau Au se phuc hoi cham

ban so vdi chau A. My.

Dire la nen kinh te ldn nhat chau Au va

dirng thir ba the gidi chinh thirc rai \ ao cuoc

suy thoai ldn nhat trong \dng 12 nam qua.

Kinh te Anh ciing lam \ iio suy thoai, theo dy

bao nam 2009 se chiu mirc syt giam manh

nhat ke tir gan hai thap nien qua. so ngudi

that nghiep co the len tdi 3 trieu ngudi vao

nam 2010. So lieu thong ke cua Italia cho

biet, nen kinh te nudc nay dang rai vao cuoc

suy thoai nang ne nhat ke tir nam 1992. nam

2008 toe do phat trien kinh te ciia nudc nay

dat 0%, ty le thit nghiep gin 7%, nam 2009

theo dy bao tinh hinh con xlu ban, GPP am

2%.

Kinh te cac nudc Trung va Dong Au

dang gap nhieu kho khan do hai nguyen nhan

chinh la suy giam xuat khlu va su khan hilm

tai chinh. Xuat khlu la dgng lye chii yeu

trong tang trudng kinh t l cua Cgng hoa Sec,

Hunggari, Xlovakia..., chilm tir 80-90%

tong san pham ngi dia, chii ylu xult sang cac

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<i><b>Jlien ininli dhdn cAu. </b></i>

<b>25 </b>

nu'dc khu \ y c dong Furo va My bi suy thoai

da han che xuat khau \ a tang trudng ciia cac

nudc Dong Au. Khung hoang kinh te da lam

ran nut sy lien minh trong khoi EU, trudc het

<i>do xu hudng lo ngai \\ sy xuat hien trd lai </i>

cua chu nghTa bao hg o' chau Au, dong thdi

noi len \an de giup dd cac nude Dong Au

trong \iec chong dd \di lac dgng ciia khiing

hoang tai chinh loan cau hien nay.

Tuy nhien. chinh phii cac nudc da sir

dung cac bien phap dc khac phyc khiing

hoang nhu: Cat giam lai suat dugc hang loat

cac ngan hang I rung uang thye hien; Thye

hien cac goi giai ciiu, kich thich nen kinh te;

Cai to. dieu chinh hoat dgng, tang cudng

giam sat hoat dgng ciia he thong tai chinh

ngan himg; I hue hien sy phoi hgp chinh

sach giiia cac chinh phii trong khoi EU, ciing

nhu thong nhat chinh sach ciia Khoi doi vdi

cac van de toan cau; Chong mgi hinh thiic

bao hg. IT' keu ggi sdm ket thuc Vong dam

phan Doha ve ty do thuang mai toan cau va

iing hg mgt sang kien da phuang ve tai chinh

thuong mai; Cai each Quy Tien te Quoc te

(IMF) va Ngan hang Thi gidi (WB).

EU cho biet, tren ca sd ty nguyen, san

sang cap them khoan vay tam thdi tri gia 75

ty Euro (103 ty USD) de tang kha nang cho

vay ciia IMF, dong thdi cho cac nudc mdi

noi va cac nudc dang phat trien co tieng noi

ldn ban trong IMF. EU thye hien trg giiip

cac nudc Dong Au trong viec giam tac dgng

ciia khiing hoang tai chinh toan cau. Tai Hgi

nghi thugng dinh EU vira qua, cac nha lanh

dao chau Au da quyet dinh tang gap doi so

Uen trg giiip cac nen kinh te Dong Au. Ngan

hang Tai thiet va Phat trien Dong Au

(EBRD). Ngan hang D I U tu Chau Au (ElB).

va Ngan hang The gidi (WB) cung da nhat

tri se bom so tien 24.5 ty Euro, tuang duang

31 ty USD vao cac ngan hang cua khu vye

Trung va Dong Au trong thdi gian 2 nam.

<i>Theo ddnh gid cua cdc chuyen gia, kinh </i>

<i>le the gidi dd bdt ddu co ddu hieu ciia su </i>

<i>phuc hdi tuy cimg mong manh, tiem dn nhieu </i>

<i>khd khdn. Tuy nhien tinh hinh kinh te cua </i>

<i>cdc nudc EU (cd cdc nudc Tdy Au vd cdc </i>

<i>nudc Ddng Au mdi gia nhdp) deu dang gap </i>

<i>nhieu khd khdn, ddu hieu chgm ddy, phuc hdi </i>

<i>chua ro, nhieu khd ndng phuc hdi sau chdu </i>

<i>A vd My... Vdn de khiing hodng no cdng cao, </i>

<i>thdm hut ngdn sdch trdm trong o nhieu nudc </i>

<i>trong khdi nhu Hy Lgp, Tdy Ban Nha, Bd </i>

<i>Ddo Nha... dang cd xu hudng lan sang nhieu </i>

<i>nudc, dnh hudng den su phuc hdi vd dn dinh </i>

<i>cua khu vuc ddng Euro. </i>

<i>2. Tinh hinh chinh trj </i>

Thye chat eugc khiing hoang nay la

khiing hoang ciia chii nghTa tu ban ve the che

va mo hinh phat trien. Day khong phai dan

thuan la eugc khiing hoang kinh te (tai chinh,

thuang mai va viec lam) ma con la khiing

hoang ca cau va the che sau sac, khong phai

ngau nhien ma nhieu chinh phii d chau Au

syp do do khiing hoang kinh te nhu Aixalen,

Cgng hoa Sec, Hunggari. Cuge khiing hoang

kinh te tai chinh da tac dgng manh din tinh

hinh chinh tri ciia ca Khoi va tirng nudc,

trong do CO phong trao cgng san ciia cac

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<b>26 </b>

<b>NGHIEN CLfu CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°5 (116).2010 </b>

Trudc sy thay doi trong khu vye, nhat la

tac dgng ciia cuge khiing hoang kinh te loan

cau, nhin chung cac dang xa hgi dan chii d

chau Au dang gap kho khan va viec thay

bang lanh dao ciia cac dang trung hu'u dang

dien ra. Khuynh hudng hien nay d nhieu

nudc trong khu vye la cac dang trung hiru

dang tiep quan chinh sach ciia cac dang xa

hgi dan chii, cac dang nay dang chiem im the

d nhieu nudc chau Au trudc day von do cac

dang xa hgi dan chii chi phoi. Hien nay cac

nudc chau Au rat kho khan trong viec tao

dyng mo hinh chinh sach cua chinh phii xa

hgi dan chii. Mo hinh Bac Au d Thuy Dien

hien do Lien minh Bao thii quan ly. O Tay

Ban Nha, Bo Dao Nha, Ao va Slovakia ciing

c6 Dang Xa hgi dan chu cam quyen nhung

dang chao dao do khiing hoang kinh te va

that nghiep tang cao. Ngoai ra. Dang Xa hgi

dan chil chi la doi tac nho trong Chinh phii

lien hiep nhu d Dirc, Bi, Ha Lan. Ci mgt so

nudc nhu Phap, Italia, nai cac nha lanh dao

CO thai do cirng ran trong viec cam quyen,

nhieu dang canh ta dang mat dan quyen luc

chinh tri (d Y, Lien minh Canh hiiu cua cyu

Thu tudng Silvio Berlusconi len cam quyen

lan thii tu).

Sy thay the cac Dang Xa hgi dan chii

bang lye lugng canh hiiu co nguyen nhan sau

xa tir nhiing kho khan kinh te va xa hgi nay

sinh, nhat la tac dgng ciia cuge khung hoang

kinh te toan cau hien nay; chu nghTa thi

trudng ty do mdi lam vao khung hoang doi

hoi phai co sy can thiep diiu tilt cua nha

nudc, trong khi he tu tudng thay the chua

phii hgp.

Dieu nay dugc the hien ro qua ket qua

biu cir Nghi vien Chau Au. Cuoc bau cir

Nghi vien Chau Au (EP) tai 27 nudc thanh

vien Lien minh Chau Au dien ra tir ngay 4

din 7/6/2009 dl biu ra 736 nghi sT cho

nhiem ky 2009 - 2014. Cuge biu cir Nghi

vien Chau Au lan nay dugc danh gia la quy

mo nhat tir trudc tdi nay ciia EU. Cac eugc

tham do du luan gan day cho thay da so cir

tri chau Au to ra thd a, tay chay va thieu hieu

biet ve eugc bau cir nay. Tinh trang ty le

ngudi di bo phieu thap ky lye.

Tren thye te, tuy mang danh nghTa la ca

quan dai dien cho toan the cong dan EU

nhung EP khong co thuc quyen lap phap vi

quyen ban nay thugc ve Uy ban Chau Au,

trong khi do, quyen thong qua lai thugc ve

Hgi dong Bg trudng Chau Au. Ngudi dan

cac nudc EU cho rang Nghi vien Chau Au

khong c6 tham quyen true tiep de giai quyet

cac tac dgng cua cuge khung hoang kinh te

ma quan trgng phai la Quoc hgi ciia tirng

quoc gia. Cac nudc EU van ap dyng luat

rieng do Quoc hgi trong nudc soan thao va

thong qua, luat chung cua Khii chi la nhiing

sac luat CO tinh chung chung...

Trong boi canh cuge khimg hoang kinh

te, tai chinh dang anh hudng nang nl, ngudi

dan cac nudc EU bit man dii vdi chinh sach

cua cac chinh phu dang diiu hanh dlt nudc

trong giai doan hien nay. Trudc thye trang

that nghiep tang, gia ca leo thang, phiic lgi

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<i>J2ien niinlt &tdu c4u. </i>

<b>27 </b>

giam, ddi song nhan dan hau het cac nudc

gap kho khan.

Chinh sach ciia cac dang canh hiiu, dang

Xa hgi - Dan chii ve ca ban van bao ve lgi

ich cho cac tap doan tai chinh, cong nghiep,

triit hau qua khiing hoang len dau nlian dan

lao dgng. That bai ciia cac dang Canh ta,

dang Xa hgi, Xa hgi - Dan chii trong bau cir

Nghi vien Chau Au 2009 cho thay, cac chinh

sach kinh te - xa hgi cua cac dang truyen

thong xa hgi, xa hgi dan chii nhin chung

khong khac may so vdi chinh sach canh hiiu.

Trong nhieu nam nay, ngudi dan chau Au

cirng bat binh vdi chinh sach ciia cac dang

truyen thong. Trong eugc bau cir lan nay, so

phieu cua cac dang Cgng san giam dang ke.

Cac dang nay trong qua trinh van dgng tranh

cir khong dua ra dugc giai phap ro rang de

giai quyet nhirng biic xiic, kho khan ciia

ngudi dan do khiing hoang kinh te gay ra;

dong thdi thieu nhat quan ve chu truang,

dudng loi va hanh dgng, tham chi chia re

ngay cang sau sac.

3. Ve cac dang Cong san, luc lucrng

canh ta

Cac dang Cgng san deu nhan dinh

khiing hoang tai chinh, kinh te hien nay la

cuge khiing hoang loan dien, khong chi la

khiing hoang tai chinh, khiing hoang mgt so

nganh san xuat ma la khiing hoang ciia

phuong thirc san xuat tu ban chii nghTa trong

dieu kien toan cau hoa. Cuge khiing hoang

danh dau sy pha san cua hgc thuyet kinh te

thi trudng ty do mdi, cho thay gidi ban lich

sir ciia he thong tu ban chii nghTa. Khiing

hoang lam cho cac mau thuan xa hgi nhat la

mau thuan giiia giai cap cong nhan, nhan dan

lao dgng vdi giai cap tu san cam quyen ngay

cang trd len gay gat trong boi canh chinh phii

cac nudc dang muon triit hau qua khiing

hoang len giai cap cong nhan va nhan dan

lao dgng, sir dyng cac goi trg cu'u kinh te tir

ngan sach do dong gdp ciia ngudi dan, trong

khi thieu quan tam ve mat chinh sach xa hgi,

tiep tyc gdi chinh sach trg cap de ciai cac

cong ty ciia cac tap doan tu ban.

Trong thdi gian qua, phong trao cgng

san va cong nhan quoc te trong khu vye chau

Au trai qua nhiing giai doan thang tram. Sau

khi Dong Au va Lien X6 tan ra, nhieu dang

Cgng san d Tay Au rai vao khiing hoang

tram trgng, bi phan hoa luc lugng, giam siit

so lugng, CO chieu hudng nga sang trao luu

xa hgi - dan chii, nhieu dang doi ten, tir bo

mgt so nguyen tac boat dgng. Tir cuoi thap

nien 1990, phong trao cgng san d mgt so

nudc trong Lien minh Chau Au co xu hudng

phuc hoi nhung chua dong deu, lien tyc.

Thye te doi hoi cac dang Cgng san va lye

lugng canh ta tap hgp dugc quan chiing

trong cuge dau tranh vi dan sinh, dan chii, vi

tien bg, cong bang xa hgi, thye hien myc tieu

chil nghTa xa hgi, doi mdi ve muc tieu,

phuang thirc boat dgng, each tap hgp quin

chiing.

Dudi day la dinh hudng boat dgng ciia

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<b>28 </b>

<b>NGHIEN COU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°5 (116).2010 </b>

<i>Ddng cpng sdn Hy Lap </i>

Dai hgi lan thir 18 dang Cgng san Hy

Lap cho thay tu tudng cgng san chii nghTa

van lan sau, c6 goc re trong phong trao dau

tranh giai cap cong nhan va nhan dan lao

dgng. Tuy nhien, Dai hgi nhan manh can

tang cudng doan ket trong Dang, chii trgng

cong tac xay dung Dang, nhat la tiep tyc doi

mdi phuang thirc boat dgng ciia Dang, doi

mdi han niia trong \'an dgng lye lugng thanh

nien, phy nii, tri thirc, nhiing ngudi trung

luu; tang cudng cong tac tuyen truyen ly

luan. Dai hgi xac dinh nhirng giai phap nham

bao ve giai cap cong nhan va ngudi lao dgng

Hy Lap trong boi canh khiing hoang hien

na\. khang dinh khong dugc de hau qua ciia

eugc khiing hoang kinh te trui len dau giai

cap cong nhan va nhan dan lao dgng, khong

the giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao dgng,

tang lgi nhuan cho gidi chii, ma phai giai

quyet theo cac giai phap tong the, chuan hi

tich eye cho cac eugc bau cu trong nudc va

Nghi vien Chau Au.

Ve nhiem vy doi ngoai, Dai hgi nhan

manh can tiep tyc cimg co phong trao cgng

san, cong nhan quoc te, thong qua cac boat

dgng song phuong va da phuang nham tang

cudng sy hieu biet va phoi hgp hanh dgng

giira cac dang anh em, tap hgp lye lugng

trong cuge dau tranh chong chu nghTa dl

quoc, chil nghTa dgc quyen, chong doi ngheo,

vi dan sinh, dan chii, tien bg, cong bSng xa

hgi, tang cudng doan ket trong phong trao

cgng san va cong nhan quIc tl; iing hg luc

lugng canh ta My Latinh, tang cudng doan

kit vdi each mang Cuba, ung hg eugc dau

tranh cua nhan dan Paletxtin. Dai hgi khong

tan thanh viec thanh lap dang Canh ta chau

Au, cho rang day la bieu hien cua chii nghTa

ca hgi mdi lam suy yeu phong trao cgng san

d chau Au, nhiing ngudi thugc Dang Canh ta

chau Au dang nghien ciru sau sac hon nhirng

van de dang nay sinh trong chii nghTa tu ban

hien dai. Dang phan doi nhirng nhugng bp

cua Hy Lap doi vdi EU va chinh sach doi

ngoai than NATO ciia Hy Lap.

Dai hgi da danh gia nhiing nguyen nhan

khach quan va chu quan trong viec tan ra ciia

che do xa hgi chii nghTa d Lien X6 trong the

ky XX va trinh bay mgt so quan diem ca ban

cua dang Cgng san Hy Lap ve chii nghTa xa

hgi, quan he giiia chu nghTa xa hgi va chii

nghTa cgng san, nhirng dac trung kinh te cua

chil nghTa xa hgi, viec thirc hien quy luat

phan phoi theo lao dgng va cac hinh thirc to

chirc kinh te.

<i>Ddng Cpng sdn Tdi lap Italia vd Ddng </i>

<i>Nhiing ngudi Cpng sdn Italia </i>

Tinh hinh ciia hai dang hien nay rat kho

khan trong boi canh Lien minh Canh hiiu

thang ap dao trong cuge biu cir QuIc hgi len

cam quyen. Lye lugng bi chia re, thilu

phuang tien boat dgng, lln diu tien khong co

ghe trong Quoc hgi qua cuge biu cir thang

4/2008, hai dang Cgng san halia diu cho

rang nguyen nhan sau xa la do lye lugng

cgng san bi chia re, danh mat ban sic rieng

ciia minh. Hien ca hai dang diu rit kho khan

ve tai chinh, khong co phuang tien thong tin

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<i>Mien minh &tdu cAu... </i>

<b>₂₉</b>

quyen. Gan day, mgt bg phan ciia Dang

Cgng san Tai lap Italia da ly khai khoi Dang.

Cuge khiing hoang tai chinh, kinh t l hien nay

mgt mat gay kho khan cho boat dgng ciia

Dang, song mat khac ciing tao ca hgi cho

Dang trong viec tap hgp quan chiing. Trudc

yeu cau phai vugt qua so phieu 4% tai eugc

bau cir Nghi vien Chau Au, hai dang dang ra

sire cimg co lye lugng, lien minh vdi nhau

trong viec dua ra danh sach irng vien va tinh

tdi kha nang co the hgp nhat lai vao mgt thdi

diem thich hgp.

Ve mo hinh va tuong lai ciia chu nghTa

xa hgi, dai dien hai dang deu cho rang, chii

nghTa xa hgi la muc tieu, ly tudng dau tranh

ciia cac dang Cgng san, tuy nhien chii nghTa

xa hgi trong the ky nay phai dugc phan tich

tir nhiing sai lam, do vd ciia qua khii de xay

dyng mo hinh chu nghTa xa hgi mdi, c6 sire

song. Ve mat kinh te, nha nudc van phai can

thiep vao nen kinh te chung, khong quan lieu

nhu nha nudc d cac nudc xa hgi chii nghTa

trudc day. Can co each tiep can day dii ve

khu vye dich vy cong dudi chii nghTa xa hgi,

cac ITnh vye nhu tai nguyen moi trudng, y tl,

giao dye, van boa... khong the thuc hien tu

nhan hoa hoan toan. Chu nghTa xa hgi hien

thye phai dam bao binh dang, tu do, tien bg

va sy phat trien cho mgi thanh vien ciing nhu

ca cgng dong xa hgi. Mo hinh chu nghTa tu

ban hien nay tiep tuc lam nhanh chong can

kiet cac nguon lye cua dat nudc. Khiing

hoang ciia chii nghTa tu ban da tao dieu kien

de cac dang Cgng san ciing co, tuyen truyin

ly tudng cgng san chu nghTa, tap hgp quin

chiing, xay dyng mat tran thong nhit.

Hai dang Cgng san Italia cho rang, cac

giai phap de khac phyc suy thoai kinh tl

trong khu vye Lien minh Chau Au nhu

Chinh phu bam them tien de ciiu cac he

thong ngan hang tai chinh, thay dii theo

hudng ca cau lai mgt so ITnh vye trong nIn

kinh te chi la nhiing giai phap tam thdi, chua

giai quyet dugc can ban nguyen nhan sau xa

cua eugc khiing hoang. Dang Cgng san Italia

dua ra chu truong chinh phii trong khi bom

tien Cliu he thong ngan hang tai chinh, duy

tri lgi nhuan cua cac tap doan tu ban phai

bao dam an sinh xa hgi cho ngudi lao dgng,

thye hien chuang trinh bao ve moi trudng

sinh thai. Danh gia ve cac giai phap vye nen

kinh te ciia chinh quyen. Dang Cgng san Tai

lap Italia cho rang cac chinh sach giai quyet

ng nan bang each phat hanh trai phieu nhilu

ban lam cho tinh trang ng nan them trim

trgng. Chinh phii can thay doi chinh sach

"thien dudng mien thue" cho cac cong ty, tap

doan, can diing ngan sach de trg cip thit

nghiep, bao dam an sinh cho ngudi lao dgng.

Dang Cgng san Italia cho ring Lien

minh Chau Au khong co dan chii, thye chit

la do cac chinh phii cac nudc ldn va cac cong

ty da quoc gia chi phoi. Do vay. Dang phan

doi chinh sach cua khoi Lien minh Quan su

Bac Dai Tay Duong (NATO) va thIy cin cai

to EU de thye hien dan chii rgng ban.

<i>Ddng Cpng sdn Phdp nhan dinh ring </i>

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<b>30 </b>

<b>NGHIEN COU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°5 |116).2O10 </b>

trgng them, Dai hgi lln thir 34 dien ra vao

cuoi nam 2008 la mgt dai hgi kho khan ciia

Dang, song da so nhu'ng ngudi cgng san

Phap deu nhat tri ve sy can thiet duy tri Dang

Cgng san Phap. Van kien dugc thong qua tai

Dai hgi nay da phan tich sau sac nhiing yeu

kem ciia Dang, ciia canh ta, tinh hinh trong

nudc va quoc te, nhirng mau thuan trong

nudc va tren the gidi, nhung thuan lgi va kho

<i>khan, khdng dinh niem tin ciia nhieng ngudi </i>

<i>cdng sdn ddi vdi nhu cdu vuat qua chii nghia </i>

<i>lu han, cui lao xd hdi vi ly tuang cdng san </i>

<i>chil nghTa, de ra quyet tam, dudng loi, chien </i>

luge, nhiem vy ciia Dang cho thdi gian tdi

(trudc mat va lau dai), ciing vdi cac hinh

thirc va bien phap thuc hien phii hgp vdi

hoan canh nudc Phap.

Nhii'ng ngudi cgng san co niem tin rang

mgt phuang thirc phat trien khac, mgt quan

niem khac ve sy phat trien ciia con ngudi,

mgt phuang thirc san xuat khac vdi phuang

thuc ciia CNTB la can thiet va co the co

dugc. Do chinh la sy di tdi cai tao xa hgi

triet de. Cuge khiing hoang ciia he thong tu

ban tren the gidi da biing no sau bao nam

chin muoi va ngay cang nghiem trgng. Nhu

cau muon vugt qua chii nghTa tu ban ngay

cang ldn.

Khiing hoang ciia chu nghTa tu ban lam

rung chuyen the gidi va se dan din mgt giai

doan chinh tri mdi. Nhiing ngudi cgng san

can phai lam tat ca de dong gop vao sy

nghiep do. Mgt trang sir khac ciia diu tranh

giai cap dang dugc md ra d Phap, chau Au

va tren the gidi.

<i>Ddng cpng sdn Bo Ddo Nha, Dai hoi </i>

lln thir 18 ciia Dang hgp thang 12/2008 da

danh gia: "Thdi diem khung hoang ciia chii

nghTa tu ban hien nay chinh la thdi ca cho

cac luc lugng boa binh, dan chii tren the gioi

tang cudng doan ket, phoi hgp dau tranh

chong chien tranh, bao ve hoa binh, phan dau

xay dung mgt trat ty the gidi mdi dan chu,

cong bang. Sy doan ket va hgp tac giiia cac

dang cgng san, cong nhan va canh ta tren the

gidi hien nay co y nghTa to ldn, can thiet va

cap bach. Dang Cgng san Bo Dao Nha tiep

tyc neu cao tinh doan ket quoc te doi vdi cac

lye lugng each mang, cac dang canh ta tien

bg tren the gidi", "dau tranh vi su bien doi xa

hgi va va chu nghTa xa hgi,... doan ket, san

sang hgp tac va sat canh vdi tat ca cac dang

anh em dau tranh vi cong ly xa hgi, tien bo

va dan chu, bao ve chu quyen, chong chien

tranh, vi hoa binh va dam duang dau vdi chu

nghTa de quoc".

Dang Cgng san Bo Dao Nha phe phan

manh me chinh sach cua chinh phu ciia Dang

Xa hgi B I Dao Nha (PSP) va Dang Dan chu

- Xa hgi (PDS) thien hiiu dang dly B I Dao

Nha ngay cang phu thugc vao tu ban doc

quyen sieu quoc gia, gia tang bdc lot tu ban

chil nghTa va phan hda xa hgi, bin ciing hoa

nhan dan lao dgng (18%) dan s l B6 Dao Nha

song dudi miic ngheo doi, gin 3 trieu nguoi

CO thu nhap thap dudi 10 Euro/ngay, khoang

230 nghin ngudi thu nhap dudi 5

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(8)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=8>

<i><b>Jlien minh ^tdn cJLu. </b></i>

<b>₃₁</b>

phii Tong thong Cacvanho Xinva sau cuge

bau cir thang 2/2005 da gay ra nhirng hau

qua nghiem trgng va toan dien doi vdi ddi

song ciia nhan dan Bo Dao Nha, cho che do

dan chil va chii quyen quoc gia. Chinh vi

vay, Dang keu ggi cac lye lugng dan chii,

tien bg trong nudc iing hg va cimg phoi hgp

hanh dgng lam that bai cac chinh sach thien

hiiu nay, nham bao ve lgi ich ngudi lao dgng

va dat nudc Bo Dao Nha, phan dau vi mgt

giai phap canh ta hudng tdi chii nghTa xa hgi.

Dang khang dinh vdi "nhiing ngudi lao dgng

va nhan dan Bo Dao Nha rang, sau Dai hgi

nay, Dang Cgng san Bo Dao Nha ty tin han,

quyet tam ban va kien dinh ban trong cuoc

dau tranh chong lai chinh sach hiru khuynh

ciia Chinh phii vi no da gay ra bao nhieu dieu

xau xa va te hai cho dat nudc" (phat bieu be

mac Dai hgi ciia dong chi Tong Bi thu).

Dang tiep tuc khang dinh mgt each

manh me ban sac cgng san va each mang, lap

trudng quan diem ciia chii nghTa Mac - Lenin

va nguyen tac tap trung dan chii, khang dinh

"chil nghTa xa hgi la he thong uu viet ciia

nhan loai". Dai hgi da tong ket boat dgng ciia

Dang tir Dai hgi XVII (thang 11/2004) din

nay, de ra cac bien phap doi mdi, cimg co ve

to chirc, doan ket ngi bg, md rgng anh hudng

trong quan chung, thong qua cuong ITnh

hanh dgng, phuong hudng va nhiing bien

phap nham ciing co lye lugng ciia Dang

trong nhan dan lao dgng va anh hudng ciia

Dang trong ddi song chinh tri dat nudc.

Trong thdi gian qua, mac dii phai boat dgng

trong nhiing dieu kien kho khan, nhung

Dang van kien tri dau tranh cho muc dich

cao ca ciia minh, duy tri ban sac cgng san va

da thu dugc ket qua dang miing: Dang da ket

nap them dugc 7 nghin dang vien mdi, trong

do CO nhieu dang vien tre. Moi quan he giira

Dang va quan chiing nhan dan lao dgng dugc

tang cudng.

Trong boi canh kho khan, nhieu dang

cgng san va lye lugng canh ta, lye lugng tien

<i>bg deu khung dinh cudc khimg houng ndy </i>

<i>cho thuy chil nghTa lu ban dd bdc Id ro </i>

<i>nhieng hgn che lich sie. Su dieu chinh vica </i>

<i>quu ciia cdc chinh phii khdng the khuc phuc </i>

<i>duac nhieng muu thudn vdn cd cua chii nghTa </i>

<i>lu bdn. Chil nghTa xd hdi Id trien vong vd </i>

<i>tuang lui ciia nhdn logi, chi cd chii nghTu xd </i>

<i>hdi mdi cd the gidi quyet duoc mot cdch cdn </i>

<i>bdn nhieng mdu thudn ndi tgi ciia phuang </i>

<i>thiec xu hdi tu bun chii nghTu a phgm vi qudc </i>

<i>giu vd qudc te. </i>

<b>Tai lieu tham khao </b>

1. Hgi nghi quoc te cac Dang Cgng san

lan thir 19, tai Bruc-xen, Bi, ngay

<i>14-16/5/2010 vdi chii de "The consequences of </i>

<i>the economic crisis und the intervention of </i>

<i>communist purties ". </i>

<i>2. Cudc khiing hodng na tgi Hy lgp vu </i>

<i>chdu Au, Thdi bao Kinh te Viet Nam ngay </i>

22/4/2010.

3. WWW.World Bank.org/ Global

Outlook.

</div>

<!--links-->
<a href='ld'> WWW.World Bank.org</a>