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1. Simple present:
a) Động từ thường:

I, you, we, they → do
He, she, it → does
Ex: The sun rises in the east

She doesn’t cook every day.
Do they often visit their aunt?
b) Động từ “To BE” :

I → am

He, she, it → is
You, we, they → are

Ex: English is the international language.

She isn’t at home now.

Where are you from?
Dùng để diễn đạt:

 thói quen hiện tại

 câu phát biểu tổng quát, sự thật hiển nhiên, chân lý
 cảm giác trạng thái ở hiện tại

Các trạng từ thời gian đi với thì hiện tại đơn:

Các động từ chỉ trạng thái cảm giác, cảm xúc, giác quan, sở hữu :
KĐ: S + V1 (s /es)

PÑ: S + do / does + not +
V1 NV: Do / Does +
S + V1 …?

KÑ: S + am / is /are + adj ….
PÑ: S + am /is / are + not + adj
…

NV: Am / is / are + S + adj …?

- every (day/ week / month/ year)
- always (luoân luoân)

- usually ( thường xuyên)
- often (thường)

- sometimes = occasionally = at times (thỉnh thoảng)
- seldom (ít khi)

- rarely (hiếm khi)

- normally (thông thường)
- never (không bao giờ)

- all the time (luoân luoân) = at all times

feel * (cảm thấy) - seem ( dường như) - look * (trơng có vẻ)

be (thì là ở) - think * (nghĩ là) - have (có) = possess (sở hữu) = own
know (biết) - understand ( hiểu) - forget (quên)

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Ex: I think you are right. (but: I’m thinking of this exercise)
Your hands feel cold. (but: I’m feeling cold)

At present he has three cars.
2. Present continuous:

Ex: She is studying English now.
They aren’t singing at present.
What are you doing now?
Dùng để diễn đạt:

 Hành động diễn ra ở hiện tại.
 Dự định trong tương lai.

Các trạng từ thời gian đi với thì HTTD

Ex: They are visiting their aunt next month.
3. Simple past:

a) Động từ thường:

Ex: Columbus discovered South America in 1492.
We saw him yesterday.

The boy used to play football.

b) Động từ “To be”

KÑ: S + am / is / are + Ving …

PÑ: S + am / is / are + not + Ving …
NV: Am / Is ? Are + S + Ving …?

- now : bây giờ

- right now : ngay bây giờ
- at present : hiện tại

- at the moment : ngay luùc naøy

- this week / month / year : tuần / tháng / năm này
- these days : những ngày này

KÑ: S + V2 …

PÑ: S + did not + V1 …
NV: Did + S + V1 …?

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Ex: It was hot yesterday.

They were on business last week.
Cách dùng:

 hành độâng xảy ra ở thời gian rõ ràng trong quá khứ.

 Thói quen trong quá khứ.

Các trạng từ đi với thì QKĐ:

4. Past continuous:

Ex: She was cooking at 6 pm yesterday.
Cách dùng:

 Hành động xảy ra tại thời điểm trong qúa khứ (thường có 2 yếu tố thời gian)
Các trạng từ đi với thì QKĐ:

Liên từ đi với thì QTĐ: when / while

Ex: My aunt came when we were having dinner yesterday.

They were watching TV while their mother was cooking in the kitchen.
5. Simple future:

Ex: We will go to the zoo tomorrow.
He won’t do that again.

Will he come back in 2010?
Cách dùng:

 hành động sẽ làm trong tương lai.

 Lời hứa, sự quyết tâm, lời yêu cầu lịch sự, sự mong mỏi.
Các trạng từ đi với thì TLĐ:

- Yesterday : hôm qua

- last week / month / year : tuần / tháng / năm trước 
- Two weeks ago : 2 tuần cách nay

- In 1995 : năm 1995

KĐ: S + was /were + Ving …

PÑ: S + was / were + not + Ving …
NV: Was / Were + S + Ving … ?

- at 8 o’clock yesterday : vào lúc tám giờ hôm qua

- this time last year : giờ này năm trước

KÑ: S + will / shall + V0

PÑ: S + will / shall + not + V0

NV: Will / Shall + S + V0 ?

- tomorrow : ngaøy mai

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Các liên từ đi với thì tương lai:

o TLĐ as soon as HTĐ / HTHT
o TLÑ until HTÑ / HTHT

6. Future continuous

Ex: My mother will be going to market at 9 o’clock tomorrow.
Cách dùng:

- hành độâng diễn ra tại 1 thời điểm trong tương lai.

- hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai theo như lệ thường.
Các trạng từ đi với thì TLTD:

Ex: This time tomorrow we shall be swimming at the beach.
He will be studying English tomorrow morning.

7. Present Perfect:

Ex: Ms Mai has already finished the work.
We haven’t seen him recently.

Have you ever been to Canada?
Cách dùng:

 hành động xảy ra trong q khứ và kéo dài đến hiện tại; và có thể tiếp diễn đến tương lai.
 Hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không rõ thời gian.

 Hành động vừa mới xảy ra.

Các trạng từ và giới từ đi với thì HTHT:

KĐ: S + will / shall + be + Ving
PÑ: S + will / shall + not + be +
Ving

NV: Will / Shall + S + be + Ving ?

- this time next year
- at 8 o’clock tomorrow

KÑ : S + has/have + V3

PÑ : S + has/have + not + V3

NV : Has/Have + S + V3 ?

- recently = lately : gaàn ñaây

- already :đã

- just : vừa mới

- until now = up to now = up to the present = so far: cho đến nay
- (not) … yet : chưa

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8. Present perfect continuous :

Ex: I have been waiting for you for nearly an hour.
Giống như thì HTHT nhưng nhấn mạnh tính liên tục.

9. Past Perfect:

Ex: We had finished school before 1990.

They had studied English before they began to go to work.
Cách dùng:

 1 hành đơng chấm dứt trước 1 hành động khác trong quá khứ.
 Hành động chấm dứt trước 1 thới diểm trong quá khứ.

Các từ đi với thì QKHT:

o QKHT + before + QKÑ
o QKÑ + after + QKHT

o QKÑ + as soon as + QKÑ/ QKHT
o QKÑ + until + QKÑ/ QKHT

Ex: He got a job after he had finished high school.
10. Past perfect continuous :

 Gioáng như thì QKHT nhưng nhấn mạnh tính liên tục.

Ex: The teacher had been teaching for 10 years before you entered this school.
11. Future perfect :

KÑ : S + has/have + been + ving

PÑ : S + has/have not + been + ving
NV : Has/Have + S + been + ving ?

KÑ : S + had + V3

PÑ : S + had not + V3

NV : Had + S + V3 ?

KÑ : S + had + been + Ving
PÑ : S + had not + been + Ving
NV : Had + S + been + Ving ?

KÑ : S + shall/will + have + V3

PÑ : S + shall/will not + have + V3

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Ex: He will have come back by the end of this month.
Cách dùng:

 hành động xảy ra trước hành động khác trong tương lai.
Các từ đi với thì TLHT:

- TLHT + by the time / before + HTÑ

Ex: The boy will have finished his homework by tomorrow.

My mother will have cooked dinner by the time we come back.
12. Future perfect continuous :

Ex: They will have been living in this city for 10 years by next December.
 Giống như thì TLHT nhưng nhấn mạnh tính liên tục.

13. Các biểu đồ sau diễn đạt thì nào:

14. Những cấu trúc cần ghi nhớ trong chia thì:
A. 3 nguyên tắc vàng:

1. Will / Shall + V0

2. Be + V3 / Ving

3. Have + V3

- Sau “will” cho dù là thì nào ở dạng nào, thì vẫn là V0:

Thí dụ : They will take me to the beach tomorrow.
I will be taken to the beach tomorrow.

She will have finished her project by the end of this month.
1. b

1. a

X X X X X X X

X X X
6. b
6. a

X
X

3. a 3. b

4. b

X
4. a

5. a

X X X

5. b

X
2. b
2. a

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- Sau “be” khơng thể có V1, hoặc V2

- Sau “have” khơng thể có V1, hoặc V2

B. 4 thì cần ghi nhớ: Đó là: Thì hiện tại đơn, q khứ đơn, hiện tại hoàn thành, hiện tại hoàn thành
tiếp diễn.

Từ 4 thì này ta có thể suy ra các thì khác theo biểu đồ sau (kết hợp với 3 nguyên tắc vàng)

II. Dùng biểu đồ để diễn đạt cách dùng của các thì:

Thí dụ: - I often watch television at night.
- I have studied English for eight years.
- I will go to university next year.

- I will have left my high school by June.
II. Caùc quy tắc:

1. Thêm s / es :

a) thêm es : các động từ kết thúc có âm gió: ch, x, z , sh và phụ âm+ y / o

Ex: washes, glasses, watches, fizzes,
studies, goes

V1 (s/es) am /is / are +

Ving Have / hasV3 + Have/ hasVing + been

Ving Ving + been

+
V3

will + will + will + will +

1. 2. 3. 4.

X X X X X X X X X

9. 10. 11. 12.

X X X X X X

5. 6. 7. 8.

X X X X X

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b) thêm s: các động từ còn lại:

Ex: works, sees, hears, sings, pays

→ The spell: ____________________________________________________________

2. Theâm ing :

a) động từ kết thúc là: phụ âm + e (câm): → bỏ e

Ex: hate → hating, come → coming, change → changing

b) động từ 1 âm tiết kết thúc là: 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm → gấp đôi phụ âm
Ex: sit → sitting, run → running sip → sipping

c) động từ 2 âm tiết, trọng âm ở vần 2 kết thúc là: 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm → gấp đôi phụ âm

Ex: begin → beginning prefer → preferring

d) động từ còn lại: chỉ thêm ing

Ex: meeting, missing, playing, talking, going
c. Qui tắc đọc ‘ed’:

- Các âm: k, p, tS, s, S, (x), f + ed → / t /
- Các âm: t, d + ed → / id /

- Các âm còn lại: m, v, n, a, o, …. + ed → / d /
Ex: washed, stops, laughed, cooked

wanted, needed, hated

climbed, harmed, named, called, tried, played
d. Qui tắc đọc ‘s’:

- Các âm: p, k, t, f , H + s /s/
- Các âm còn lại : + s /z/

Ex: stops, cooks, laughs, months, hats, hates,
learns, lives, plays, needs

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I. SINGULAR SUBJECT:

Singular subject

Examples

1

Indefinite pronouns: (đại từ bất định)

- anybody (any one), anything, anything, nobody (no
one), nothing, everybody (everyone), everything.

- Something is under the armchair.
- Everyone wants to go home early.

2

Uncount nouns: Các chất rắn, chất lỏng, chất khí,

danh từ trừu tượng …..

- water, coffee, tea, milk, oil, soup, gasoline, …
- ice, butter, bread, cheese, meat, gold, glass, ….
- steam, smoke, air, oxygen, smog, nitrogen, ….
- rice, chalk, dust, flour, grass, salt, sand, sugar, …
- happiness, pollution, love, health, patience, …
- work, homework, advice, information, time, ….

3

Subjects, sport, languages, natural phenomena,

nations, diseases: (Môn học, thể thao, ngôn ngữ,
các hiện tượng tư nhiên, tên các quốc gia bệnh)
- mathematics, linguistics, statistics, physics, …….
- swimming, gymnastics, athletics, tennis, football,
- Chinese, English, Spanish, German, …..

- weather, fog, snow, sunlight, smog, lightning, …

- Mathematics is a basic tool.

- Many people take up gymnastics
because it is good exercise.

- English is an international language.
- The fog was very thick.

4

Số đo lường, lượng tiền, thời gian:

- - Ten kilometres is a long distance towalk.

- Two million dollars is a large sum of
money.

- Eight hours of sleep is enough for me.

5

Who/ what làm chủ ngữ: - Who uses English?

- What has happened to you?

6

That + Clause làm chủ ngữ:

“Wh” + clause làm chủ ngữ:

- That he is naughty makes his father
sad.

- What he says is unreliable.

7

Some determiners: (Một số định từ )

- Each, every, one of,

- A little, little, much, a great deal of, a large
amount of, …..

- Either , Neither,

- Each student has a pencil.

- There is a little wine in the bottle.
- They gave a great deal of thought to
their future job.

- Neither student does homework.

- Neither of the students is well
prepared.

8

The + N and + N: một người kiêm 2 chức vụ: - The assistant and secretary is very
busy now.

9

Hỗn hợp:

- bread and butter: bánh mì bơ
- The horse and carriage : xe ngựa

- Bread and butter is my favourite food.
- The horse and carriage is coming
round the corner.

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Plural subject

Examples
1 The + adj :

- The rich, the poor, the disabled, the blind,
- The British, the Vietnamese, the Japanese, ……

- The poor need our help.

- The Vietnamese are very brave.

2 Danh từ luôn ở dạng số nhiều:

- police, cattle, goods, clothes, belongings, wares, ..

- The police are looking for the missing
child.

3 Some determiners: (một số định từ)

- both, many, a few, few, a number of, several, a
great many, a good many, the majority…

III. Các dạng hồ hợp chủ từ và đơng từ:

1 Hoà hợp với danh từ sau:

Either ………….. or ……….. + V ……..

Neither ……….. nor ……….. + V …….

Not only ……… but also …….. + V ……

- Either I or John is going to do the
housework.

- Not only the boy but also his friends
like to play football.

2 Hoà hợp với danh từ trước:

N

1 + along with +

N

2 +

V

…..
 as well as

not

- Miss Hang, along with her friends,
wants to meet the boss.

- Nam, not Tam, has just come.

IV. Dạng danh từ số nhiều có qui tắc và bất qui tắc:

NOUNS Examples

1 Danh từ số nhiều có qui tắc: (thêm s/es)

- Danh từ kết thúcvới: (phụ âm) + y / o , ch, s, x, z,
sh → thêm: es

- Danh từ số nhiều có qui tắc còn lại: → thêm “s”

- potato → potatoes , study → studies

- watch → watches, fox → foxes

- pupil → pupils display → displays
- language → languages

2 Danh từ số nhiều bất qui tắc:
- oo → ee

- a → e
- um → a
- us → i

Danh từ số nhiều và số ít khơng thay đổi:
Sheep : con cừu

Deer: con nai

Fish: con cá (fishes: các loài cá)

- tooth → teeth goose → geese
- man → men woman → women
- bacterium → bacteria

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I. PRESENT AND FUTURE:

CONNECT-ORS

USAGE TENSES EXAMPLES

1

when

- Thói quen ở hiện

taïi S. Present + when + S. Present

- She usually listens to music
when she is stressed.

- Hđ nối tiếp, S. Future + when + S. Present - They will send me a postcard
when they arrive in Paris.

- Nhấn mạnh hđ sau

when S. Future + when + Pr. Perfect - We will go when we have doneour homework.

2

until

- Hđ sẽ làm cho đến

khi hñ sau xaûy ra S. Future + until + S. Present

- We will wait until he comes.

- Nhấn mạnh mệnh

đề với until đã hồn
tất.

S. Future + until + Pr. Perfect - I will come and see you as
soon as I’ve finished my work.

3

as soon as

- 2 hđ kế tiếp S. Future + as soon as + S.
Present

- Nam will go to university as
soon as I graduate from high
school.

- nhấn mạnh sự hoàn
tất của mệnh đề với
as soon as

S. Future + as soon as + Pr.
Perfect

- The boy will buy a big
dictionary as soon as he has
saved enough money.

4

after

- Thoùi quen S. Present + after + Pr. Perfect - He often brushes his teeth after
he has had lunch.

5

by the time

- Hđ hoàn tất trước 1
hđ khác trong tương
lai.

Future Perfect + by the time +
S. Present

- I will have cooked dinner by
the time he comes.

II. PAST and PAST PERFECT:

CONNECT-ORS

USAGE TENSES EXAMPLES

1

when

- Hđ hồn tất trước

hđ khaùc. P. Perfect + when + S. Past - When I arrived, John had goneaway. ( I didn’t see John)
- Hđ nối tiếp,

- Thói quen trong

quá khứ.

S. Past + when + S. Past When I arrived, John went away.
(John was angry with me, so he
went away when he saw me)
- She spent much money when
she was young.

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2

while

- Hđ ngắn, hđ dài S. Past + while + Past Cont - He came in while I was singing.
- 2 hđ dài Past cont + while + Past Cont - My mother was reading a book

while we were playing football.

3

until

- Hđ trước và kéo
dài cho đến hành
đông của mệnh đề
sau.

S. Past + until + S. Past - He read the book until he was
dead tired

- Nhấn mạnh mệnh
đề với until đã hoàn
tất.

S. past + until + P. Perfect - We went on working until we

had finished the job.

4

as soon as

- 2 hđ kế tiếp S. Past + as soon as + S. Past - Mary told me the news as soon
as she came to my flat.

- nhấn mạnh sự hoàn
tất của mệnh đề với
as soon as

S. past + as soon as + P. Perfect - A stranger walked into his room
as soon as he had gone out.

5

after

- Hđ trước, hđ sau S. Past + after + P. Perfect - He left after he had written the
report.

- After he had written the report,
he left.

6

before

by the time

- Hđ sau, hđ trước P. Perfect + before + S. Past - The man had already finished

the work before he came home.

I. General rule:

1. who:

We meet the man. He is a professor.
We meet the man who is a professor

S
2. whom:

She talked to the boy. We met him in the
zoo.

She talked to the boy whom we met in the zoo.

3. which

a. He shouted at the dog. It barked loudly.
He shouted at the dog which barked loudly.

b. The dog barked loudly. He called it.
The dog which he called barked loudly.

NGƯỜI VẬT

Subject WHO WHICH

Object WHOM WHICH

Possessive
adjective

WHOSE WHOSE/
OF WHICH

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4. whose + N: thay thế cho tính từ sở hữu (his / her / their ..)

a. The teacher was angry. The students didn’t pay attention to his lesson.
The teacher whose lesson the students didn’t pay attention to was angry.

b. Do you know the woman? Her son has lost.
Do you know the woman whose son has lost?

5. That: thay thế cho: Who, whom, which… (that không thể theo sau dấu phẩy hoặc giới từ)
The girl won the championship. She was really talented.

The girl that (= who) was really talented won the championship.
6. of which:

We should throw away the table. The leg of the table was broken.

We should throw away the table the leg of which / of which the leg was broken.

whose leg

7. where: thay thế cho cụm giới từ chỉ nơi chốn hoặc “there”
* N (place) + where + clause

a) This is the town. I was born in the town.
Adv of place
This is the town in which I was born.
This is the town where I was born.

b) Do you know the village? He lived there.
Do you know the village where he lived?
Ghi chú: trường hợp dưới đây phải dùng “which”

Ex: This is the town. I like it best.
O

→ This is the town which I like best.

8. when: thay thế cho cụm danh từ chỉ thời gian hoặc “then”

National day is the day. Our nation was completely liberated on that day.
National day is the day when our nation was completely liberated.

9. why : thay thế cho cụm từ “ for the reason”

Does he know the reason? He left for that reason.
Does he know the reason why he left?

10.It’s _______ that / who + clause: chính là (cấu trúc nhấn mạnh)
a) Peter must clean the window

It’s Peter who / that must clean the window.
b) Your dog bit the old man.

It was your dog that bit the old man. (không được dùng which trong trường hợp này)
c) They were captured because he was incompetent

It was because he was incompetent that they were captured.

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- tính từ đơn âm: long , short, big, hot, fat ..

- tính từ có hai âm kết thúc là: er, le, ow, et , phụ âm + y.
Ex: happy, clever, simple, narrow, quiet, …

b) Tính từ dài: là tính từ có hai âm trở lên:
Ex: careful, beautiful, hard-working, careless…
2. Types :

Equal S1 + V + as + adj / adv + as + S2 + aux

S1 + negative V + as + adj/adv + as + S2 + aux
so

Comparative S1 + V + more + adj / adv(daøi) + than + S2 + aux

S1 + V + adj / adv(ngaén) + er + than + S2 + aux

Superlative S + V + the most + adj / adv(daøi)

S + V + the + adj / adv (ngaén) +est

Ex: She is as beautiful as her mother (is).
She isn’t so careful as her mother (is).

He drives more carefully than his friend (does).
Tam studies the hardest in his class.

My Thuan bridge is the longest one in Vietnam.
Who is the most beautiful in your class?

3. Special :

Less + adj / adv + than : ít hôn.

Ex: This book is less expensive than that one
4. Double comparison :

The more + adj + S + V,
(daøi)

the more + adj + S + V
(daøi)

The + adj + er + S + V ,

(ngaén) the + adj + (ngaén) er + S + V
Ex: The more beautiful she is, the happier she becomes.

The harder he studies, the wiser he becomes.
b)

S + V twicethree times
four times
half

as + adj / adv + as ….

as + much (N) as …

as + many ( N) as …
Ex: She swims twice as fast as I (do).

He earns half as much as his wife (does).
c) More and more + adj (dài) : càng nhiều

Adj (ngaén) + er and adj (ngaén) + er : caøng ….

Ex: Life in the city is more and more stressful.
They work harder and harder.

5. Tính từ bất qui tắc:

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1 bad/ badly worse worst Tệ, dở

2 good/ well better best Giỏi

3 much /many more most Nhiều

4 little less least ít

5 far farther

further

farthest
furthest

Xa (k.cách)
Hơn (t. tin)

6 old older

elder

oldest
eldest

Lớn (chung)
Lớn (anh ,chị)
Ex: Ms Anh is better at cooking than Ms Nhung.

My elder brother is 2 years older than I.

I. General rule :

S +

V

+ O + …

S +

BE

+ V3 …. by + O.

(chia theo thì của câu chủ động)

Ex: - She usually takes my car.
→ My car is usually taken by her.

- He has sent his son to another school.
→ His son has been sent to another school.

II. Active  passive:

1 V1 am / is / are + V3

2 V2 was / were + V3

3 am/ is / are + Ving am/ is /are + being + V3
4 was / were + Ving was / were + being + V3
5 has / have + V3 has / have + been + V3

6 had + v3 had + been + v3

7 will / would

can / could + V0
may / might

must

will / would

can / could + be + V3

may / might (nguyên mẫu)
must

8 be going to

have to + V0

used to
like
continue

be going to

have to + be + V3

used to (nguyên mẫu)
like

continue

9 have + sb + V0 + sth have + sth + V3 + .. +(by +sb)
10 get + sb + to + V0 + sth

ask
tell

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11 give
bring

buy + sb + sth

lend
show

given

brought

sb + be + bought + sth
lent

shown

12 give
bring

buy + sth + prep + sth

lend
show

given

brought

sth + be + bought + prep +sth
lent

shown

13 see

hear + O + Ving

smell

seen

s+ be + heard + Ving
smelt

14 see

hear + O + V0

smell

seen

s + be + heard + to + V0
smelt

15 make + O + V0 s + be + made + to + V0

16 let + sb + v0 + sth sb + be + allowed + to + V0
17 sb + need + to +V0 + sth sth + need + ving

want

18 People + say + (that) + S’ + V …. : nói rằng
think : nghó rằng
believe : tin raèng

report : thông báo
rumour : đồn đại
assume : thừa nhận
It + be + said + (that) + S’ + V ….

thought 
 believed 
 reported 
 rumoured 
 assumed

S’ + be + said + to + V0 (tương đồng, xảy ra sau)

thought to + have + V3 ( xảy ra trước)
believed

reported 
 rumoured 
 assumed

Ex: - People say that he is a spy. → It is said that he is a spy.

→ He is said to be a spy.
- They think that Peter died. → It is thought that Peter died.
→ Peter is thought to have died.

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I. STATEMENT: Câu phát biểu (thuộc dạng câu khẳng định và phủ định)

SAID

TOLD + O (THAT) + V (đổi thì)

Ex: - He said, “I like football.”

→ He said that he liked to play football.

“Tom will fly to Paris next week,” said Miss Hoa.

→ Miss Hoa said that Tom would fly to Paris the following week.

II. COMMANDS & REQUESTS: Câu yêu cầu (thuộc dạng mệnh lệnh hoặc yêu cầu)
Imperative form: V0 + ……. Request: Would you like …………..?
(mệnh lệnh) Don’t + V0 …….. (yêu cầu) Could / Can you + V0 ………..?

Why don’t you + V0 ………?

S

TOLD

ASKED
BEGGED
ORDERED
URGED

ADVISED

O

to + V

not + to + V

Ex: She said to him, “Come in, please” → She told him to come in.

“Don’t make noise, Tom” said the mother. → The mother asked Tom not to make noise.
III. QUESTIONS: (Dạng câu hỏi)

S +

ASKED + O

WONDERED

WANTED TO KNOW

if / whether

(yes/ no question)

S + V (đổi thì)

“Wh” / how

(wh-question)

Ex: She said to me, “Will she come?” → She asked me if she came.

“Where do you live?” asked the foreigner. → The foreigner asked me where I lived.
IV. Các dạng khác:

1. Let’s + V0 …. // Why don’t we + V1 ….. // What about + Ving ….→ S + suggested + Ving ……
Ex: He said, “Let’s have a drink.” → He suggested having a drink.

Timmy said, “ Why don’t we go on a picnic” → Timmy suggested going on a picnic.
2. Why don’t you + V1 ………. ? // S + should + V0 ………….. → S + advised + O + to + V0
Ex: She said to him, “ Why don’t you go to the doctor?”

→ She advised him to go to the doctor.
3. Cấu trúc liên quan đến tường thuật:

- remind sb to do sth : nhắc nhở ai làm gì
- threaten to do sth: đe dọa

- scold sb for (doing) sth : la rầy, trách mắng (nhất là đối vói trẻ em)
- reproach sb for (doing) sth: khiển trách

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Notes:

1. Converting tenses and adverbs of time, place:

DIRECT INDIRECT DIRECT INDIRECT

- V1 (s/es) → V2 /ed
- V2 → had + V3
- has/ have + V3 → had + V3

- am/ is/ are + Ving → was / were + Ving
- can → could + V0

- will → would + V0

- may → might + V0
- must → (must) / have to
- have to → had to

- had + V3 → had + V3

- yesterday → the previous day
the day before
- last night → the previous night
the night before
- two years ago → two years before
- today → that day

- tonight → that night

- tomorrow → the following day
the day after
the next day
- next year → the following year
- this → the year after
- these → those

- here → there
- now → then
2. Các trường hợp khơng đổi thì:

a) Khi động từ tường thuật ở hiện tại hoặc tương:

Ex: My mother says to me, “you are my little pet.”
→ My mother tells me that I am her little pet.

b) Câu trưc tiếp diễn đạt một chân lý hoặc sự thật hiển nhiên:
Ex: Galileo said, “ The earth goes around the sun.”
→ Galileo said (that) the earth goes around the sun.

c) Thì quá khứ đơn đã rõ thời gian:

Ex: Tom said to me, “ My grandfather died in 1990.”
→ Tom told me that his grandfather died in 1990.
d) Câu điều kiện loại 2, 3 và cấu trúc “used to”:

Ex: “ If I had much money, I would have travel around the world.” Said the boy.
→ The boy said if he had much money he would travel around the world.

I. Động từ đi với gerund:

admit : thừa nhận
* allow : cho phép

anticipate : liệu trước
* advise : khuyên

appreciate : đánh giá cao

avoid : traùnh

be worth : đáng (được)
can’t help : không thể tránh
complete : hoản thành

consider : xem xét, can nhắc

involve : bao gồm, liên quan
keep : giữ

mention : đề cập
miss : bỏ lở
not mind : không ngại
* permit : cho phép

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defer : hỗn lại

delay : trì hỗn

deny : phủ nhận

dislike / detest : không thích

dread : sợ

encourage : khuyến khích

enjoy : thích

escape : thốt khỏi

fancy : thích

finish : hồn thành

forgive : tha thou

encourage : khuyến khích
imagine : tưởng tượng

risk : liều lĩnh
spend : dùng, trãi qua
suggest : gợi ý, đề nghị
* teach : dạy

tolerate : chịu đưng, tha thou
understand : hiểu

Ex: She admitted stealing his money.
This job involves meeting people.

Do you enjoy going to the beach?

II. Độâng từ theo sau là Ving hay to-infinitive: (Không thay đổi nghĩa)
begin / start : bắt đầu

can’t bear : không thể chịu đựng
can’t stand : không thể chịu đựng
continue : tiếp tục

dread : kinh sợ

hate : gheùt
like : thích
love : yeâu
neglect : lơ là
prefer : thích hơn
Ex: She began working / to work on the project.

III. Đông từ theo sau là Ving hoặc to-infinitive: (thay đổi nghĩa)

Forget: quên Don’t forget to send me a postcard. (quên để làm)
I will never forget working with you. (quên đã làm)
Remember: nhớ Remember to do your homework. (nhớ để làm)

Do you remember meeting the president last year? (nhớ đã làm)
Stop: ngưng He stopped to smoke when he was driving. ( ngưng để làm)
Try + to-inf : cố gắng

Try + Ving : thử

We tried to win the game, but we failed.
Have you ever tried windsurfing?

Mean + to-inf: muoán

Mean + Ving: nghóa là I mean to take a trip to Canada.A trip to Da Lat means spending much money.
Regret + to-inf : rất tiếc

Regret + Ving : hối hận We regret to say that your application can’t be accepted.He regrets not going to her friend’s birthday party.

IV. Động từ theo sau là V0:

Make: khiến
Let: cho phép
Have: nhờ
Help: giúp đỡ

My mother makes me study.
They let him go.

I had him wash my car.

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I. Dạng phổ biến:

Type (loại) If clause Main clause

Possible future S + V1(s/es) S + will + V0

Untrue present S + V2 / were S + would + V0

Untrue past S + had + V3 S + would have + V3

Ex: If she takes a taxi, she will come on time.
If I were you, I would tell her the truth.
If he helped us, we would finish it on time.

If I had studied hard, I would have passed the exam.
II. Dạng đảo ngữ:

Type (loại) If clause Main clause

Possible future Should + S + V0 ….. S + will + V0
Untrue present Were + S + adj/ NP ….

Were + S + to V0 …..

S + would + V0
Untrue past Had +S + V3 ….. S + would have + V3

Ex: Should she take a taxi, she will come on time.
Were I you, I would tell her the truth.

Were he to help us, we would finish it on time.
Had I studied hard, I would have passed the exam.

III. Dạng rút gọn:

Type (loại) If clause Main clause

Untrue present But for + NP

Without + NP S + would + V

0

Untrue past S + would have + V3

Ex: If it hadn’t been for his help, we wouldn’t have succeeded.
→ But for his help, we wouldn’t have succeeded.

Type (loại) Main clause Wish clause

Possible future

S + wish(ed)

S + would / could + V0

Untrue present S + V2 / were

S + were + Ving

Untrue past S + had + V3

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They wish they hadn’t stayed up late yesterday.

5. Tính từ ngắn và tính từ dài :
c) Tính từ ngắn:

- tính từ đơn âm: long , short, big, hot, fat ..

- tính từ có hai âm kết thúc là: er, le, ow, et , phụ âm + y.
Ex: happy, clever, simple, narrow, quiet, …

d) Tính từ dài: là tính từ có hai âm trở lên:
Ex: careful, beautiful, hard-working, careless…
6. Types :

Equal S1 + V + as + adj / adv + as + S2 + aux

S1 + negative V + as + adj/adv + as + S2 + aux
so

Comparative S1 + V + more + adj / adv(daøi) + than + S2 + aux

S1 + V + adj / adv(ngaén) + er + than + S2 + aux

Superlative S + V + the most + adj / adv(daøi)

S + V + the + adj / adv (ngaén) +est

Ex: She is as beautiful as her mother (is).
She isn’t so careful as her mother (is).

He drives more carefully than his friend (does).
Tam studies the hardest in his class.

My Thuan bridge is the longest one in Vietnam.
Who is the most beautiful in your class?

7. Special :

Less + adj / adv + than : ít hơn.

Ex: This book is less expensive than that one
8. Double comparison :

a) So sánh đồng tiến: ( Càng ….. càng …..)
The more + adj + S + V,

(daøi)

the more + adj + S + V
(daøi)

The + adj + er + S + V ,

(ngaén) the + adj + (ngaén) er + S + V
Ex: The more beautiful she is, the more modest she becomes.

The harder he studies, the wiser he becomes.
b) So sánh gấp ñoâi, ba:

S + V twicethree times
four times
half

as + adj / adv + as ….

as + much (N) as …

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Ex: She swims twice as fast as I (do).

He earns half as much as his wife (does).
c) So sánh lũy tiến: (ngaøy caøng)

More and more + adj (dài) : càng nhiều
Adj (ngaén) + er and adj (ngaén) + er : caøng ….

Ex: Life in the city is more and more stressful.
They work harder and harder.

5. Tính từ bất qui tắc:

SSB SSH SSN NGHÓA

1 bad/ badly worse worst Tệ, dở

2 good/ well better best Giỏi

3 much /many more most Nhiều

4 little less least ít

5 far farther

further

farthest
furthest

Xa (k.cách)
Hơn (t. tin)

6 old older

elder oldesteldest Lớn (chung)Lớn (anh ,chị)
Ex: Ms Anh is better at cooking than Ms Nhung

My elder brother is 2 years older than I.

NOTES:

1. No one / No + N + V + so / as + adj / adv + as + S2
 S2 + negative V + the + most + adj / adv (dài)…

Adj / adv (ngắn) + est ………
Ex: No students in my class are so intelligent as Tam.
 Tam is the most intelligent in my class.

2. S1 + negative V + so + adj/adv as + S2
→ S2 + V + more adj/ adv + than S1

Adj +er

1. Vị trí: Đứng truớc danh từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đó:
2. Mạo từ: a / an / the

a. Mạo từ: “a /an” được gọi là mạo từ bất định.
Ex: He is a good student.

I saw an interesting film last night.
b. Mạo từ “the”: được gọi là mạo từ bất định:
Ex: I met a boy. The boy is very lazy.
* Cách dùng:

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- tên sông , tên biển: the Long Binh River, the Thames, the Missouri River, the Panama Canal, the
Black Sea, the Pacific (Ocean), the Atlantic, the Arctic, the Indian, ….

- tên các dãy núi, hòn đảo, quốc gia liên hợp: the Alps, the Himalayas, the British Islands, the United
states, the Philippines, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, …..

- Dùng truớc adj chỉ một tập hợp người: the rich, the poor, the disabled, the blind, the old, the
Vietnamese, the British, …

- trước tính từ so sánh nhất: the most beautiful girl, the earliest comer, ……
- Cụm ngữ: The + N + of the/our +N

Ex: the date of the meeting

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COMMON STRUCTURE

1. So/ such …. that: quá .. đến nỗi
a. Công thức:

S + V so adj / adv that S+ V

such (a / an) + adj + N

so many
so few

(adj) + N soá nhiều

so much
so little

(adj) + N số ít

Ex: The weather was so cold that we couldn’t go out.
It was such cold weather that we couldn’t go out.
There are so many people that we can’t find Tom.

He ate so much meat that he got fat.

There is so little water that people couldn’t leave here.

b. Đảo trang:

S + V + so adj + a/ an + N that S+ V

So + adj + be + S that S + V
Ex: It is so expensive a carthat we can’t buy it.

So expensive is the car that we can’t buy it.
2.

It + takes / took + (O ) + Ktg + to V0 .. : (ai) mất ktg để

S + spend / spent + Ktg + (in) + Ving … : trải qua ktg làm gì
S + spend / spent + money + on + Sth : tiêu xài về

Ex: It takes me 2 hours to do homework every day.
I spend 2 hours doing homework every day.

She spends much money on clothes.
3.

S + would rather + (not) + V0 (HT) : muốn, thích

S + would rather + V0 .. + than + V0 … (HT) : thích .. hơn

S + would rather + S + V2 / were +…. (HT) : muốn, thích

S + would rather + (not) + have + V3 (QK) : muốn, thích

S + would rather + S + had + V3+ …. (QK) : muốn, thích

Ex: 1. She would rather go to the cinema.
2. I would rather watch TV than go out.
3. I would rather he didn’t smoke here.

4. We would rather not have told her about that.

5. The boy would rather he had gone to the party yesterday.
- She would rather he had phoned her last week.

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The last time + S + V2 … was + in + 1993
when S’+ V2
two years ago

Lần cuối … là …

S + haven’t / hasn’t + V3 ….. since 1990
since S’ + V2
for two years

Đã không ….

It is + KTG + since + S (last) + V2 Đã bao lâu kể từ ..

Ex: 1. The last time we met him was in 1990.

 We haven’t met him since 1990.

2. The last time I talked to him was when I was at school.

→ I haven’t talked to him since I was at school.

3. The last time we played football was ten years ago.

→ We haven’t played football for ten years.
→ It’s ten years since we (last) played football.

Speculating events in the past Dạng phán đoán (về quá khứ)

S + should have + V3 Đáng lẽ nên

S + would / could + have + V3 Có lẽ đã

S + might have + V3 Có lẽ đã

S + can’t have + V3 Không thể đã

Ex: I should have stayed up last night. ( I stayed up last night and now I regret)
The woman might have gone home.

6. as if / as though : dường như

S + V

as if

as though

S + V2 (KT-HT)

S + had + V3 (KT-QK)

Ex: She talked as if she were my mother.

She talked as though she had just met a ghost.
7.

Much
Adj / Adv

as + S +V , S + V Mặc dù

though + S + V ,

Ex: Much as I admired him, she didn’t like his behavior.
Hard as he studied, he couldn’t pass the exam.
8.

Due to

+ Ving / NP

Nhờ,ø
Do

Owing to

Thanks to
Because of

Ex: The train was late due to the storm.

Owing to his help we managed to put out the fire.
Because of working hard, he passed all the exams.

9.

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It’s (high / about) time + S + V2
Ex: It’s time she went to bed.
It’s time for her to go to bed.
10. ngay khi ….thì, vừa mới …. thì

S + had no sooner + V3 + than + S + V2

hardly + V3 + when + S + V2

barely
scarcely

Ex: He had no sooner come home than the boss rang him.
I had hardly locked the door when he came.

No sooner had + S + V3 than + S + V2

Hardly
Barely
Scarcely

had + S + V3 when + S + V2
Ex: No sooner had we gone out than it began to rain.
Hardly had he gone to bed when he heard a shot.
11.

It + be + adj + (for O ) + to-inf …

Ving … + be + adj ….

To-inf

Ex: It is important (for us) to study English.
To study English is important.

Studying English is important.
b)

It’s + nice + of + sb + to-inf … :

polite
 kind

considerate

rude

tử tế
lịch sự
tử tế
chu đáo
thô lỗ
Ex: It is kindof you to help me with the homework.
c)

sb + be + nice to + sb / sth

polite
 kind

considerate
 rude

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You are a little rude to customers
12.

friendly to sb thân thiện
friendly with sb chơi thân
Ex: I’m friendly with Huong.

Everybody likes him because he is friendly to them.
13. Extra object “it”:

S + find + it + adj / noun + to-inf …
consider that + clause

make ‘Wh’

think

believe
prove

: tìm thấy
: xem như
: nhận định
: nghĩ rằng
: tin rằng
: chứng tỏ

Ex: He finds it difficult to do maths.

My sister made it her duty to do housework.
14.

S + prefer + Ving / sth + to + Ving / sth : thích hơn

S + prefer + to-inf + than + to-inf …. : thích hơn
Ex: They prefer swimming to playing football.

I prefer to cook than (to) clean the floor.
15.

Would you mind + (not) + Ving ….? : phiền bạn/ ông ..

How about + Ving / NP ? : thế còn .. thì sao

What about + Ving / NP? : thế còn .. thì sao

Ex: Would you mind not smoking here?
How about (having) some biscuits?
16.

It is + obligatory that + S + (should) + V0 …
 important

urgent

necessary
 vital
 sensible
 …..

: baét buộc
: quan trọng
: cấp bách
: cần thiết
: sống còn
: khôn ngoan,
sáng suốt

Ex: It is important that he (should) study hard.

It is urgent that the government (should) ban cars from the city center.
17.

There + be + N + left / available : có cái gì sẵn có, còn lại
Ex: There is no tea left.

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It was when + clause + that + clause

while

because

: chính lúc, chính là
Ex: It was while he was driving a car that he saw an UFO.

19.

S + learned /began / started + to V0 when + S + V2 học, bắt đầu … khi
S + has /have + V3 … since + S + V2

Ex: He started to learn English when he was 5 years old
 He has learned English since he was 5 years old
20.

It was not until + S + V2 + that + S’ + V2 … Mãi … cho đến khi

Not until + S + V2 + did + S’ + V1 …

Ex: It was not until he spoke that I realized him.
Not until he spoke did I realize him.

21.

S + not only + V … but + S’ + also + V’ … Không những ….
mà còn

Not only + aux + S + V … but + S’ + also + V’ …

Ex: She not only speaks English fluently but she also writes well.
Not only doesshe speaks English fluently but she also writes well.
22.

Be about + to V0 …. : saép

Be on the point of + Ving
Ex: Tom is about to leave.

I wason the point of going to bed when you rang.
The company is on the point of collapse.

23.

It + be + no good + Ving
no use

: vơ ích (để làm gì)
Ex: It’s no use trying to persuade him to go.

24.

There is no point in + Ving : vơ ích để
Ex: There is no point in asking me for money.

27.

There is a ban on + sth : caám
There is an increase in + sth

a rise

: sự gia tăng
There is a decrease in + sth

a fall

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a decline

Ex: There is a fall in the price of gold.
There is a ban on selling weapons.
28.

Whatever + (N) + (S) + V , S’ + V’ cho duø cái gì

Whenever + S + V , S’ + V’

Wherever

bất cứ khi nào
bất cứ nơi nào

However + (adj) + S + V , S’ + V’ cho dù như thế nào
Ex: Whatever difficulty you meet, we still help you.

Whenever he meets me, he borrows me some money.
However hard he tries, he doesn’t get promotion.
29.

This is the first time + S + have/has + V3
S + have never + V3 + ... before.

Ex: This is the first time I have met him.
I have never met him before.

30.

S + should + Vo
must
had better

, or (else) + S + will + V0

otherwise

Nếu không thì
(Don’t ) + V0

If + S + don’t/ doesn’t + V1 , S + will + V0
Ex: (You should) hurry up, or you will be late.
If you don’t hurry up, you will be late
31. COMMON NOUN COMPOUND:

1 N + N Postman, football, milkman, sunlight, salesman..
2 Adj + N Blackboard, grandparents, sweetheart ...

3 Ving + N Looking –glass, wrapping paper, writing desk, ...
4 N + Verb + er/or Filmmaker, bus driver, shoemaker, art editor, ..
5 N + Ving Man-eating, letter-writing, book-keeping
32. COMMON ADJ COMPOUND

1 Well / ill + V3 Ill-prepared, prepared, equipped,
well-known, ill-educated, ...

2 Number + N Five-year, three-storey, ten-year-old, four-hour
3 Noun + adj Seasick, homesick, snow-white, mile-wide, ...
4 Adj + N First-class (ticket),

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33.

BASIC NOUN PHRASES: consisting of noun heads and other words that can occur before them.

35.

S + never + V + …..
hardly

seldom

rarely

no longer

→ Never + aux + S + V ….
Hardly

Seldom
 Rarely

No longer

B. ngay khi ….thì // vừa mới …. thì

S + had no sooner + V3 + than + S + V2

hardly + V3 + when + S + V2

Ex: He had no sooner come home than the boss rang him.

I had hardly locked the door when I realized that I had left the key inside.
→

No sooner had + S + V3 than + S + V2

Hardly had + S + V3 when + S + V2

Ex: No sooner had the boss got to the office than the rain began to fall.

Hardly had he come home when he realized that someone had broken into his house.
C.

S + only + V + with / by + NP

→ Only with / by + aux + S + V
Ex: They can only finish their work with her help.
→ Only with her help can they finish their work.
D.

S1 + not only + V …. but + S’ + also + V
→ Not only + aux + S1 + V .. but + S’ + also + V

Ex: They not only helped me but (they) also gave me some money.
Article

Determiner
Possessive

numeral size quality age shape colour nationality
material

Ving
Ved

Noun
head

Some small beautiful chairs

The first two new pink dresses

His curly brown hair

A pair of steel rackets

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Not only did they help me but they also gave me some money
36.

I. ARTICLE:

1. Vị trí: Đứng truớc danh từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đó:
2. Mạo từ: a / an / the

a. a /an : được gọi là mạo từ bất định.

* Cách dùng: khi đề cập lần thứ nhất, trong dạng định nghĩa.
Ex: I saw an interesting film last night.

Football is a good sport.
b. the : được gọi là mạo từ xác định:
Ex: I met a boy. The boy is very lazy.
* Cách dùng:

- Dùng truớc vật duy nhất: the sun, the earth, the moon, …

- teân sông , tên biển: the Long Binh River, the Thames, the Missouri River, the Panama Canal,
the Black Sea, the Pacific (Ocean), the Atlantic, the Arctic, the Indian, ….

- tên các dãy núi, hòn đảo, quốc gia liên hợp: the Alps, the Himalayas, the British Islands, the

United states, the Philippines, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, …..

- Dùng truớc adj chỉ một tập hợp người: the rich, the poor, the disabled, the blind, the old, the

Vietnamese, the British, …

- trước tính từ so sánh nhất: the most beautiful girl, the earliest comer, ……
- Cụm ngữ: The + N + of the/our +N

Ex: the date of the meeting

the problems of overpopulation

II. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS: (Đại từ phản thân)

1. I → myself : chính tôi
2. You → yourself : chính bạn
3. he → himself : chính anh ấy
4. she → herself : chính cô ấy
5. it → itself : chính nó

6. we → ourselves : chính chúng tôi

7. you → yourselves : chính các bạn

8. they → themselves : chính họ
9. one → oneself : chính mình

* Dùng ĐTPT để nhấn mạnh cho một danh từ hoặc đại từ (chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ)
- Nhấn mạnh cho chủ ngữ: đứng sau chủ ngữ hoặc cuối câu

Ex: Ann herself opened the door.
Ann opened the door herself.

- Nhấn mạnh cho tân ngữ: đứng trực tiếp sau tân ngữ.
Ex : I was given this book by the author herself.

I saw the dog itself.

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Ex: She only thinks about herself, never of the other.
I teach myself English.

* Dùng : by + ĐTPT (ở cuối câu) → một mình
Ex: He can do it by himself.

He sat by himself. (= alone)

III. Reciprocal pronouns: (đại từ hỗ tương) Làm tân ngữ
- each other : với nhau (cho 2 người/ vật)

- one another : với nhau (cho 3 người / vật trở lên)
Ex: The two boys talk to each other.

They help one another.
IV. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS:

1. my → mine : của tôi
2. your → yours : của bạn
3. his → his : của anh ấy
4. her → hers : của cô ấy

5. its → its : của nó

6. our → ours : của chúng tôi

7. your → yours : của các bạn
8. their → theirs : của họ

Ex: This is my book. That is yours.

I. Giới từ chỉ thời gian:

1. IN: vào lúc, trong vòng
Cách dùng: - năm, tháng

- mùa, khoảng thời gian
 in September

1990

the morning / afternoon / evening
spring

the next few years
the night

three weeks
fifteen minutes
2. AT: vào lúc

at 2 o’clock

night /noon / midnight
weekend

that time
lunch(time)
present
Christmas
the moment
the age of 18
3. ON: vào lúc

* Cụm thời gian không cần giới từ:

last night tomorrow morning

this week these days

next year nowadays

every day today
yesterday tonight
* có hoăc khơng có giới từ:

(on) that day

(in) the previous day
(on) the following Sunday

II. Giới từ chỉ nơi chốn:

1. in : trong
in the room

the schoolyard
London

the box (hoäp)
the field

the corner of the room
2. at : kế, tại

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* Cách dùng: - thứ, ngày,

on Tuesday
7th July

that day

Thursday afternoon
The morning of the 8th

Christmas day
holidays

4. From … to ….. : từ … đến ….

5. during the show : trong buổi trình diễn
6. for + ktg : trong

7. since 1998 : kể từ

8. by Friday : trước thứ sáu

9. over eight years : hơn tám năm

the table
home
school

sea (đi biển)
the seaside

the corner of the street
3. On: treân

on the floor
the wall
the ceiling
table
the farm

4. in front of my house: trước nhà tôi

behind the park : ñaèng sau

opposite the bank : đối diện ngân hàng

above the picture : trên bức tranh

below the paragraph : duới đoạn văn

under the chair : dưới ghế (đươc che, bao)

between Asia and America : giữa (hai vật)

among the trees : giữa các cây (3 trở lên)

over the village : trên (chuyển động, bao phủ)

across the street : băng ngang qua đường

PREPOSITION

1. BE + ADJ + PREP:

be afraid of : e sợ

be acceptable to sb : có thể chấp nhận bởi
be accustomed to : quen với

be acquainted with : quen với

be agreeable to sth/sb : (được) chấp nhận

be ahead of : trước, sớm hơn

be amazed at / by : ngạc nhiên
be annoyed with sb at / about sth : bực mình

be absent from : vắng mặt

be available for sth ; to sb : sẳn có
be aware of : nhận biết

be bored with : chán

be capable of : có khả năng
be clever at : khéo léo, linh hoạt
be confident of sth ; in sb : tin tưởng

be confused about : nhầm lẫn
be contrary to : trái ngược

be crowded with : đông đúc

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be excited at / about : hứng thú
be different from / to : khác

be difficult for : khó khăn

be famous for : nổi tiếng

be fed up with : chán

be fond of : thích

be friendly with/ to : chơi thân/ thân thiện

be full of : đầy

be good/ bad at : giỏi về

be harmful to : có hại

be interested in : say meâ

be involved in : lieân quan

be keen on : say meâ

be kind to : tử tế

be late for : treã

be lucky for sb : may maén

be open to : mở cửa cho

be perfect for : hòan hảo

be rich in : giàu có

be safe from : an tồn

be similar to : tương tự

be pleasant to sb : thân mật
be popular with : phổ biến

be present at : có mặt

be proud of : tự hào

be quick at : nhanh nhaïy

be responsible for sth : chịu trách nhiệm về

to sb : chịu trách nhiệm báo cáo

be sad about : buoàn

be satisfied with : thoả mãn
be serious about : nghiêm túc

be short of : thiếu

be skilful at : khéo leùo

be skilled at / in : kheùo leùo

be sorry for sb /sth ; about sth : tội nghiệp cho , xin lỗi về
be successful in : thành công

be surprised at / by : ngạc nhiên
be tired ---of : chaùn

from : mệt vì (kết quả)

be useful for : hữu dụng
be worried about : lo lắng
thank sb for + Ving : cám ơn ai vê
apologize to sb for + Ving / sth : xin lôi

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get on (with sb / sth ) : tiếp tục

get up : thức dậy

look forward to + Ving / sth : mong mỏi

look after : chăm sóc

look at : nhìn vào

pick sb / sth up : đón ai , nhặt cái gì
prevent sb from + Ving / sth : ngăn chặn
protect sb from / against sth : bảo vệ
provide --- sb with sth : cung cấp

sth for sb :

remind sb of + Ving / sth : gợi nhớ
run out ( of sth) : cạn kiệt

stay up : thức khuya

take care of : chăm sóc

talk / speak to sb : noùi

tell sb (about) sth : báo, nói với

(be likely + to –inf; be lucky to do sth / that + clause)

2. VERB + PREP:

accuse sb of ving / sth : tố cáo
agree with sb about/ on sth : đồng ý

agree with sth : đồng ý ( với ý kiến)

apply for : nộp đơn

arrive in /at : đến

Be about to –inf : saép

Be on the point of + Ving : saép

believe in : tin tưởng

belong to : thuộc về

borrow sth from sb : mượn

break out : bùng nổ

call off : huỷ bỏ

complain (to sb) about sth : phàn nàn

concentrate on : tập trung

congratulate sb (on sth) : chúc mừng

consider sb as sth : xem xét

depend on : phụ thuộc

die of sth : chết vì

divide sth into …. : chia thành

dream about / of : mô

get rid of : vứt bỏ

give up : bỏ

go away : đi xa

go for a walk : đi dạo

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go out : tắt ( lửa , đèn)

go over : xem kyõ

go shopping / fishing / swimming : đi mua sắm/ câu cá/ bơi
happen to sb / sth : xảy ra (với)

have (no / any ) difficulty + Ving : gặp khó khăn
hear –of sth / sb : nghe nói về

from sb : nhận tin từ

laugh at : cười nhạo
leave (sw) for sw : rời …. đến …

live on sth : sống nhờ vào

put off : trì hỗn

regard A as B : xem nhö
search (sw) for sth : tìm, lục

suffer from : đau khổ

take part in : tham gia

take place : dieãn ra

think of / about : nghó về
translate sth into sth : dòch … sang

turn on / off : mở/ tắt

wait for : chờ

3. VERB + VING

enjoy + Ving : thích

avoid : traùnh

consider : xem xét

finish : hồn thành

can’t help : không thể nhịn
can’t stand/ bear : không thể chịu đựng

be worth : đáng được

4. VERB + ADJ

seem + adj : dường như

look : trông có vẻ

feel : cảm thấy

become : trở nên

get (turn) : trở nên

appear : trông có vẻ

5. VERB + N + PREP:

catch sight of : bắt gặp, thấy ai

feel pity for : thương xót

feel regret for : hối tiếc, ân hận
feel sympathy for : thông cảm

give birth to : sinh

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give way to nhượng bộ, chịu thua
have a preference for : thích

have an effect on : ảnh hưởng
have an influence on : ảnh hưởng
keep correspondence with : liên hệ thư từ với
keep pace with : sánh bước

keep up with : theo kòp

lose sight of : mất hút, không còn thấy
lose touch with : mất liên lạc

lose track of : mất dấu

make a contributtion to : đóng góp
make a decision on : quyết định
make a fuss over / about : làm ầm ĩ về
make allowance for : chiếu cố

make fun of : đùa cợt

make room for : dành chỗ cho

make up one’s mind : quyết định

make use of : sử dụng, lợi dụng
pay attention to : chú ý

put a stop to : chấm dứt

put an end to : kết thúc

set fire to : thiêu huỷ

take / have an interest in : say meâ
take / have pity on : thương xót

take account of : kể đến, tính đến
take advantage of : lợi dụng, tận dụng

take care of : chăm sóc

take note of : ghi nhớ, chú ý

take notice of : chú ý

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ngu phap toan tap THPT

<b>Singular subject</b>

<b>Examples</b>

<b>1</b>

<b>2</b>

<b>3</b>

<b>4</b>

<b>5</b>

<b>6</b>

<b>7</b>

<b>8</b>

<b>9</b>

<b> </b>

<b>Plural subject</b>

<b>III. Các dạng hồ hợp chủ từ và đơng từ:</b>

N

N

V

when

until

as soon as

<sub>after</sub>

by the time

when

<sub>while</sub>

until

as soon as

after

<sub>before</sub>

by the time

S +

<b>V</b>

+ O + …

S +

<b>BE </b>

+ V3 …. by + O.

(chia theo thì của câu chủ động)

S

O

to + V

not + to + V

S +

S + V (đổi thì)

Notes:

<sub>S + wish(ed)</sub>

COMMON STRUCTURE

S + V

35.

PREPOSITION

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