Cải thiện ngữ pháp sinh viên năm thứ nhất bằng cách dạy ngữ pháp thông qua giao tiếp tại trường đại học kinh tế kỹ thuật công nghiệp

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI
UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES
*****************

PHẠM THU YẾN

IMPROVING THE FIRST YEAR STUDENTS’ GRAMMAR
THROUGH FOCUS-ON-FORM INSTRUCTION AT
UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMIC AND TECHNICAL INDUSTRIES
CẢI THIỆN NGỮ PHÁP SINH VIÊN NĂM THỨ NHẤT
BẰNG CÁCH DẠY NGỮ PHÁP THÔNG QUA GIAO TIẾP
TẠI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KINH TẾ - KỸ THUẬT CÔNG NGHIỆP

M.A. Combined Programme Thesis

Field: English Methodology
Code: 60 14 10

Hanoi – 2010


VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI
UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES
*****************

PHẠM THU YẾN

IMPROVING THE FIRST YEAR STUDENTS’ GRAMMAR
THROUGH FOCUS-ON-FORM INSTRUCTION AT

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMIC AND TECHNICAL INDUSTRIES
CẢI THIỆN NGỮ PHÁP SINH VIÊN NĂM THỨ NHẤT
BẰNG CÁCH DẠY NGỮ PHÁP THÔNG QUA GIAO TIẾP
TẠI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KINH TẾ - KỸ THUẬT CÔNG NGHIỆP

M.A. Combined Programme Thesis

Field: English Methodology
Code: 60 14 10
Supervisor: Khoa Anh Việt, M.A

Hanoi - 2010


iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS
STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ................................................................................. i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................ ii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... iv
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................... vi
LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................ vii
LIST OF FIGURES...................................................................................................... viii
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Rationale .................................................................................................................... 1
Significance of the study............................................................................................. 2
Aims and scope of the study ....................................................................................... 3
Research methods ....................................................................................................... 4
Organization of the study............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

DEVELOPMENT............................................................................................................ 5
CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................... 5
1.1. Grammar .................................................................................................................. 5
1.1.1. Definition of grammar .................................................................................... 5
1.1.2. Kinds of grammar ........................................................................................... 5
1.1.3. Effect of grammar instruction on students’ grammar mastery.......................... 6
1.2. Focus-on-form instruction (FFI) ............................................................................... 9
1.2.1. Focus-on-form, focus on forms and focus on meaning .................................... 9
1.2.2. Definition of Focus-on-form instruction........................................................ 10
1.2.3. Kinds of focus-on-form ................................................................................ 12
1.2.4. Focus-on-form teaching techniques............................................................... 16
1.2.5. Focus-on-form previous research .................................................................. 21
1.3. Summary ................................................................................................................ 23
CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ........................................................... 24
2.1. The experimental setting ........................................................................................... 24
2.2. Participants and material description. ........................................................................ 25
2.2.1. Participants ................................................................................................... 25
2.2.2. Material description ...................................................................................... 26


v

2.3. Research questions and hypotheses......................................................................... 29

2.4. Target structure ...................................................................................................... 29
2.5. Research design: experimental research .................................................................. 31
2.6. Research procedure ................................................................................................ 32
2. 7. Data collection instruments ................................................................................... 36
2.7.1. Questionnaire ............................................................................................... 36
2.7.2. Pre-test and post-test ..................................................................................... 38
2.7.3. Interview ...................................................................................................... 48
2.8. Data collection procedure ....................................................................................... 49
2.9. Summary ................................................................................................................ 51
CHAPTER 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ............................................................. 52
3.1. Statistical analysis .................................................................................................. 52
3.2. Results ................................................................................................................... 52
3.2.1. Factors relating focus-on-form instruction to develop students’ grammar ...... 52
3.2.2. Improving students’ grammar through focus-on-form instruction.................. 61
3.2.3. Applying focus-on-form instruction to improve UNETI students’ grammar .. 72
3.3. Discussion .............................................................................................................. 76
3.4. Summary................................................................................................................ 79
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................. 80
1.
2.
3.
4.

Review of the study .................................................................................................. 80
Findings ................................................................................................................... 80
Pedagogical implications .......................................................................................... 81
Further research ........................................................................................................ 82

BIBLIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................... 83
APPENDIX 1: PRETEST ................................................................................................ I

APPENDIX 2: POSTTEST ............................................................................................ II
APPENDIX 3: PHIẾU KHẢO SÁT ............................................................................. III
APPENDIX 4: SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE .............................................................. V
APPENDIX 5: CÂU HỎI PHỎNG VẤN.................................................................... VII
APPENDIX 6: INTERVIEW ..................................................................................... VIII
APPENDIX 7: STUDENTS’ RAW SCORES IN THE PRETEST - POSTTEST....... IX