Lesson 6 adjectives

A G G R E S S I V E
P O L I T E
C H A T T Y
J
E
A
L
O
U
S
B
O
R
I
N
G
S
H
Y
F
R
I
E
N
D
L
Y
Q
U
I
E

T
3
2
8
1
5
4
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
6
1
Someone who has
good manners?
2
3
Someone who los es
temper quickly?
Someone who is
nice to others ?
4
Someone who is
timid?
5

feeling angry or unhappy
because somebody you like or
love is showing interest in
somebody else
6
Someone who doesn’t
talk so much?
7
8
Someone who talks
a lot?
School of Social Sciences and Humanities
NOUNS
PRONOUNS
NOUN-
EQUIVALENTS
11
Classification
What is the category of Adj in each group?
1. French, English, Vietnamese
2. Big, small, round, square, old, young
3. One, two, three,...First, second, third,...
4. Whose hat is this?
Which/ What color do you like best?
5. Where is your hat?
6. This pen is expensive.
7. There’s some ice in the fridge.
1. Proper Adj
2. Descriptive Adj
3. Numeral Adj

4. Interrogative Adj
5. Possessive Adj
6. Demonstrative Adj
7. Indefinite Adj
Numeral Adj Proper Adj Possessive Adj
Indefinite Adj Demonstrative Adj
Descriptive Adj Interrogative Adj
1. He is a student. (clever)
2. The baby looks. (healthy)
3. He is a writer. (both witty and wise)
4. I want to employ a secretary. (capable of translating
scientific papers)
5. The mountain is over 5,000 feet. (high)
6. They set the prisoner. (free)
7. The police wanted to arrest the thief. (alive)
Are the children still? (awake)
8. By all means (possible) (= mọi cách có thể)
All the people (present) (tất cả mọi người hiện diện)
9. I’ll tell you something (important)
1. He is a clever student.
2. The baby looks healthy.
3. He is a writer both witty and wise.
4. I want to employ a secretary capable of translating
scientific papers.
5. The mountain is over 5,000 feet high.
6. They set the prisoner free.
7. The police wanted to arrest the thief alive.
Are the children still awake?
8. By all means possible. (= mọi cách có thể)
All the people present. (tất cả mọi người hiện diện)

9. I’ll tell you something important.
1. Generally Before Noun.
2. After Be/ Linking Verb.
3. After Noun: a series linked by Conjunctions
8. In a few expressions, Proper Noun + THE + Adj.
9. After an Indefinite Pronoun
7. After Noun/ Linking V: Adjectives begun with ‘a’
4. After Noun: in a Phrase
5. After Noun: Denoting measurement and time
6. After Noun: As an objective complement
1. first/ students/ three/ the/.
 The
first
three students.
NounCardinalOrdinal
Article
NounNumeralDeterminer
Demonstrative
Possessive
Indefinite
DOC.
1. square/ small/ tables/ nice/ two/ new/ his/.

His
two nice small
Determiner
N
new tables.
Numeral Opinion Size Age
square

Shape
DOC. OpSAS
1. square/ brown/ small/ dinning/ tables/ nice/
wooden two/ new/ his/ Vietnamese.
 His two nice small
N
new
tables.
Color
Origin
Material
square
Purpose
DOC. OpSAS
brown Vietnamese
wooden dinning
COMP
1. a lovely old glass vase
2. an attractive wall mirror
3. a modern office desk
4. a red metal kitchen chair
5. a splendid old model boat
6. valuable Australian postage
stamps
7. a small wooden coffee table
8. a beautiful square wooden
table
9. an unusual gold ring
10. a nice new woolen kitted
pullover

11. an interesting old American movie
12. big black
13. a lovely sunny day
14. beautiful long black hair
15. strange old French paintings
16. an adorable little black kitten
17. an enormous red and yellow
umbrella
18. a picturesque old house
19. A shining new Italian sports car
20. nice new house
21. a dirty old black cat
22. Two large red cartons
Exercise 4: Put the following words into the correct orders to
make complete phrases
Adjective Equivalents Examples
Noun
1. river fish, sea winds
Possessive Noun
2. man’s life, sun’s ray, John’s book
Noun as Apposition
3. money, a golden key; John, my friend
Participles
4. I hear the singing bird in the tree.
He found a broken watch yesterday.
Infinitive
5. water to drink, friend to entertain
Adv (with some
participle
understood)

6. the then (reigning) king, the down
(going) lift
Phrase
7. a man of high position; a mountain
covered with snow
Clause
8. People who eat too much may fall sick.
Heaven is the place where no hate (thù
hận) and no lust (dục vọng) exist.
Adjectives formed from Nouns
- noise 
-
hope 
-
danger 
-
confidence 
-
culture 
-
artist 
-
friend 
-
war 
-
pole 
-
necessity 
-

fortune 
-
gold 
-
America 
-
trouble 
noisy
hopeful/ hopeless
dangerous
confident
cultural
artistic
friendly
warlike
polar
necessary
fortunate
golden
American
troublesome
N + -Y
N + - FULL/-LESS
N + -ous/-ious/-eous
N + -ANT/ -ENT
N + -AL/ -IAL
N + -IC
N + -LY
N + -LIKE
N + -AR

N + -ARY/ -ORY
N + - ATE
N + -EN
N + -AN/-IAN
N + -SOME
Adjectives formed from Adjectives
Adjective + suffix Example
Adj + -AL periodical, historical
Adj + -LY sickly, poorly, deadly
Adj + -ISH whitish (hơi trắng), reddish (hơi đỏ)
Adj + -FOLD twofold, threefold, fourfold, manifold
Adj + -SOME Wholesome, gladsome (sung sướng, vui vẻ)
Prefix + ADJ Meaning Example
A- /DIS-/IL-/ IM-
IN-/ IR-/
UN-/NON-
+ Adj
not apathetic, disagreeable, illegal,
impossible, inconvenient, irregular,
uneasy, nonexistent
PRO- +
Adj
in favor of pro-American (thân Mỹ), pro-British
ANTI- +
Adj
against anti-governmental, anti-royalist
UNDER- + Adj less than, underdeveloped, underpaid
SUB- +
Adj
under subhuman, substandard

SUPER- + Adj over superhuman, supernatural
EXTRA- + Adj beyond, outside extracurricular
INTRA- + Adj inside, within intracellular (nội bào)
INTER- + Adj among, between international
TRANS- + Adj across, through transcontinental
CO- +
Adj
together coexistent
SEMI-/HEMI-
+ Adj
half semitropical, hemispherical
UNI- /MONO-+ Adj one unicellular (đơn bào), monolingual
BI- + Adj two bilingual, biannual (2 lần 1 năm)
Formation Example
N +
Adj
snow-white
V
ing
heart-warming (chân tình, ấm lòng), heart-breaking (làm đau lòng)
V
ed/3
home-made (làm ở nhà), man-made
N
-ed
dog-eared (quăn bìa, cuốn góc), lion-hearted (dũng cảm)
Adj +
Adj
dark blue, light green
V

ing
sweet-smelling (thơm), good-looking, long-standing (lâu đời)
V
ed/3
ill-dressed, ill-favoured (vô duyên, có mặt hãm tài), long-lived
N
-ed
white-livered (nhát gan), four-legged
Adv
+
V
ing
hard-working, ever-blooming (ra hoa quanh năm)
V
ed/3
well-done, heart-hearted (nhẫn tâm, long dạ sắt đá)
miscellaneous
(hỗn hợp)
well-to-do (thịnh vượng, giàu có), up-to-date
long, tiring, pretty, políte, tall,
, small, clever, beautiful,
quiet, gentle, narrow, big, common,
handsome, pleasant, selfish,
cold, rapid, wonderful
sevére, bored, profoúnd
I.Identification of Short and Long Adjectives
1.Short Adjectives:
a. Monosyllable adjectives long, tall, big, small, cold,....
b. Two-syllable adj ending in
-Y, -ER, -ET, -LE, -OW

pretty, clever, quiet, gentle,
narrow
c. Two-syllable adj stressed on
the second syllable
políte, sevére, profoúnd
d. Some particular adjectives common, handsome, pleasant
1.Long Adjectives:
a. Adjectives with two or
more syllables
selfish, rapid, beautiful,
wonderful
b. Adjectives in participle
forms
bored, tiring
1. He is as strong as a bull.
2. Tom ran as quickly as David.
As + ADJ/ ADV

+ As
This room is not so/as large as that one
NOT + So/ As + ADJ/ ADV + As
As ………. As
1. Vietnam is (big)………. than Cambodia.
2.The rabbit runs (fast)………….. than the tortoise.
short ADJ/ ADV
+ long ADJ/ ADV
bigger
faster
Good health is (important)………………………than money.
more important

- ER

+ than
more

+ than
…. THAN ….
+ ADJ/ ADV
less thick
less

+ than
-The notebook is (thick)……………….. than the book.
- This car is (expensive)………………….. than that one.
less expensive
LESS… than