Apress - Pro SQL Server 2008 Replication (2009)01

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Books for professionals By professionals
®
Pro SQL Server 2008 Replication
Dear Reader:
Replication facilitates the transfer of data and objects from one database to
another across different platforms and geographic locales. The physical separa-
tion of databases and the inherent latency associated with replication makes it an
attractive technology in various business implementations. However, configuring,
administering, and optimizing a harmonious replication environment can be
a daunting task even for the seasoned DBA due to the complexities of not only
maintaining data integrity, but also knowing how the innards of replication work.
This book explains the different types of replication available in SQL Server
2008 and provides realistic examples of how those types can be deployed.
In this book I discuss the configuration and administration of snapshot, trans-
actional, peer-to-peer, merge, and heterogeneous replication. You’ll see how
to work with configuration from both a GUI and a command-line perspective.
Besides discussing the internals of different types of replication, I also dem-
onstrate the new features, such as the filestream feature in merge replication.
You’ll learn about bidirectional, transactional replication. And you’ll learn to
configure replication through SQLCMD, using it, for example, to configure log
shipping with replication.
Other tools such as the tablediff utility, the Database Engine Tuning Advisor,
and Replication Monitor are covered, with emphasis upon their use in backing
up, recovering, and optimizing replication environments. Management Data
Warehouse, which is new in SQL Server 2008, is an exciting technology that can
help you monitor replication performance. You’ll find examples of how to use
the Management Data Warehouse in this book.
I hope you find this book rewarding and as pleasurable to read as it was to
write. I am grateful for the opportunity to teach you what I know on a topic I am
passionate about.

Sujoy P. Paul, MCP
Author of
Pro SQL Server 2005
Replication
Shelve in
Programming
User level:
Intermediate–Advanced
Paul
SQL Server 2008
Replication
The eXperT’s Voice
®
in sQl serVer
Pro
SQL Server 2008
Replication
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MaGenTa
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Black
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Sujoy P. Paul
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Pro SQL Server 2008
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Sujoy Paul
Paul_18074FRONT.fm Page i Friday, May 22, 2009 9:11 AM
Pro SQL Server 2008 Replication
Copyright © 2009 by Sujoy Paul
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Paul_18074FRONT.fm Page ii Friday, May 22, 2009 9:11 AM
Dedicated to my parents, the late Subhendu P. Paul and Kavita Paul
Paul_18074FRONT.fm Page iii Friday, May 22, 2009 9:11 AM
Paul_18074FRONT.fm Page iv Friday, May 22, 2009 9:11 AM
v
Contents at a Glance
About the Author
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
About the Technical Reviewer
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Acknowledgments
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
Introduction
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii
■
CHAPTER 1 Introduction
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
■
CHAPTER 2 Replication Basics
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
■
CHAPTER 3 Types of Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
■
CHAPTER 4 Configuring Snapshot Replication Using the GUI
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

■
CHAPTER 5 Configuring Snapshot Replication Using T-SQL
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
■
CHAPTER 6 Snapshot Generation
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
■
CHAPTER 7 Internals of Snapshot Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
■
CHAPTER 8 Configuring Transactional Replication Using the GUI
. . . . . . . . . . 223
■
CHAPTER 9 Configuring Transactional Replication Using T-SQL
. . . . . . . . . . . 261
■
CHAPTER 10 Internals of Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
■
CHAPTER 11 Configuring Merge Replication Using the GUI
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
■
CHAPTER 12 Web Synchronization with Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443
■
CHAPTER 13 Configuring Merge Replication Using T-SQL
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
■
CHAPTER 14 The Internals of Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537

■
CHAPTER 15 Backup and Recovery of Snapshot and
Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599
■
CHAPTER 16 Backup and Recovery of Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 653
■
CHAPTER 17 Optimizing Snapshot Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697
■
CHAPTER 18 Optimizing Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737
■
CHAPTER 19 Optimizing Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801
■
CHAPTER 20 Heterogeneous Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837
■
APPENDIX E-R Diagram of the mysales Database
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 875
■
INDEX
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879
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vii
Contents
About the Author

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
About the Technical Reviewer
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Acknowledgments
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
Introduction
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii
■
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Distributed Data
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Distributed Data Transactions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Eager Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Lazy Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Replication in SQL Server
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Benefits of Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
SQL Server 2008 Tools
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
SQL Server Configuration Manager
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
SQL Server Management Studio

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Database Engine Tuning Advisor
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Replication Monitor
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
■
CHAPTER 2
Replication Basics
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Publisher-Subscriber Model
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Components of Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Distributor
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Publisher
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Subscriber
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Article
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Agents

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Paul_18074FRONT.fm Page vii Friday, May 22, 2009 9:11 AM
viii
■
CONTENTS
Physical Replication Models
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Publisher/Distributor–Subscriber Model
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Central Publisher–Multiple Subscribers Model
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Central Subscriber–Multiple Publishers Model
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Multiple Publishers–Multiple Subscribers Model
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Installing and Configuring Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Installing SQL Server Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Configuring with the GUI
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Configuring Database Properties
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Configuring with T-SQL
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
■

CHAPTER 3
Types of Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Snapshot Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
The Snapshot Agent Profile
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
How Snapshot Replication Works
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
How Transactional Replication Works
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Immediate Updating and Queued Updating Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . 65
The Log and Queue Reader Agent Profiles
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Peer-to-Peer Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
The Merge Agent Profile
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
■
CHAPTER 4
Configuring Snapshot Replication Using the GUI

. . . . . . . . 85
Configuring Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Configuring a Subscription
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Configuring Push Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Configuring Pull Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Adding and Deleting an Article
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
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■
CONTENTS
ix
■
CHAPTER 5
Configuring Snapshot Replication Using T-SQL
. . . . . . . . . 123
Dropping Subscriptions and Publications
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Dropping a Pull Subscription
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Dropping a Push Subscription
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Dropping a Publication

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Configuring a Publication Using T-SQL
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Creating a Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Creating a Snapshot Agent
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Granting Publication Access
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Creating Articles for Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Starting the Snapshot Agent
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Configuring a Subscription Using T-SQL
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Configuring Push Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Configuring Pull Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Configuring Anonymous Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Snapshot Replication Stored Procedures
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
■
CHAPTER 6
Snapshot Generation

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Locating the Snapshot Folder
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Securing Snapshot Data
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Transmitting and Storing Snapshots
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Transferring Compressed Files
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Transferring a Snapshot with Other Methods
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Locating the Snapshot Files
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Determining the Types and Size of Snapshot Files
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Transmitting Snapshots Using FTP
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
■
CHAPTER 7
Internals of Snapshot Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
On the Publisher Server
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
The Publication Access List
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
The Publication

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
The Snapshot Agent
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
The Distribution Agent
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
The Maintenance Cleanup Jobs
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
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■
CONTENTS
On the Distributor Server
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
The Distribution Database
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
The MSDB Database
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
On the Subscriber Server
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
■
CHAPTER 8
Configuring Transactional Replication Using
the GUI
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Configuring Publications
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

Configuring Standard Transactional Publications
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Configuring Transactional Publications with
Updatable Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Configuring Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Configuring Updatable Subscriptions for
Transactional Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Switching Update Modes
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Configuring Peer-to-Peer Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Setting Up the Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Enabling the Publication for Peer-to-Peer Replication
. . . . . . . . . . 251
Initializing the Database Schema
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Configuring Peer-to-Peer Topology
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
■
CHAPTER 9
Configuring Transactional Replication Using T-SQL
. . . . 261

Configuring Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Configuring Standard Transactional Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Configuring a Push Subscription for Standard Publication
. . . . . . 272
Configuring a Pull Subscription for Standard Publication
. . . . . . . . 273
Configuring Transactional Publication with
Updatable Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Configuring a Pull Subscription for Immediate Updating
. . . . . . . . 281
Configuring a Push Subscription for Immediate Updating
. . . . . . . 286
Configuring a Push Subscription for Queued Updating
. . . . . . . . . 287
Configuring a Pull Subscription for Queued Updating
. . . . . . . . . . . 289
Switching Between Immediate and Queued
Updating Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
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CONTENTS
xi
Configuring Peer-to-Peer Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
Adding the Publication on Node A
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

Adding the Articles to the Publication on Node A
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Adding the Subscription on Node A
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Adding the Push Subscription Agent on Node A
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Adding the Publication on Node B
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Adding the Articles to the Publication on Node B
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Adding the Subscription on Node B
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Adding the Push Subscription Agent on Node B
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Checking the Configuration for Peer-to-Peer Replication
. . . . . . . 300
Configuring Bidirectional Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Transactional Replication Stored Procedures
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
■
CHAPTER 10
Internals of Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Concurrent Snapshot Processing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315

The Transaction Log
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
The Log Reader Agent
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
The Queue Reader Agent
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Transactional Replication with Queued Updating
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
The Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
The Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Conflict Detection and Resolution
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Transactional Replication with Immediate Updating
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
The Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
The Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Peer-to-Peer Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Standard Transactional Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
The Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
The Distribution Database
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396

Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
■
CHAPTER 11
Configuring Merge Replication Using the GUI
. . . . . . . . . . . 399
Configuring Publication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Configuring a Publication for Download-Only Articles
. . . . . . . . . . 400
Configuring a Publication for Standard Articles
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Adding Filters
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
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■
CONTENTS
Configuring Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425
Configuring Pull Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426
Configuring Push Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
■
CHAPTER 12

Web Synchronization with Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . 443
Web Synchronization Basics
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443
Configuring a Publication for Web Synchronization
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444
Configuring IIS for Web Synchronization
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446
Configuring SSL for Web Synchronization
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446
Configuring the IIS Server for Web Synchronization
. . . . . . . . . . . . 454
Setting Permissions for the SQL Server Replication Listener
. . . . 459
Running IIS in Diagnostic Mode
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
Configuring Subscriptions for Web Synchronization
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470
■
CHAPTER 13
Configuring Merge Replication Using T-SQL
. . . . . . . . . . . . 471
Configuring Publications
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
Configuring Publication with Download-Only Articles
. . . . . . . . . . 472

Configuring Publication with Standard Articles
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479
Configuring Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511
Configuring Client-Type Push Subscriptions for
Download-Only Articles
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511
Configuring Pull Subscriptions for Standard Articles
. . . . . . . . . . . 515
Identity Range Management
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518
Understanding the Problem
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519
Configuring Automatic Range Management
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519
Merge Replication with Filestream
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524
Merge Replication Stored Procedures
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536
■
CHAPTER 14
The Internals of Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
The Merge Agent
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
Subsystems and Proxies

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545
Subsystem Objects
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545
The Roles of Subsystems and Proxies
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548
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CONTENTS
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Publication and Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560
Publication with Download-Only Articles
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560
Publication with Standard Articles and Parameterized Filters
. . . . 576
Conflict Detection and Resolution
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 598
■
CHAPTER 15
Backup and Recovery of Snapshot and
Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599
Snapshot Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599
Backing Up the Publication Database
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601

Restoring the Publication Database
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611
Considerations for Other Databases
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615
Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616
Validating Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616
Standard Read-Only Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 624
Transactional Publication with Updatable Subscriptions
. . . . . . . . 632
Peer-to-Peer Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639
Log Shipping with Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652
■
CHAPTER 16
Backup and Recovery of Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . 653
Publication with Download-Only Articles
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 653
Backing Up the Publication Database
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654
Restoring the Publication Database for Push Subscription
. . . . . . 654

Restoring the Publication Database for Pull Subscription
. . . . . . . 659
Synchronizing Subscriptions with No-Sync Initialization
Using T-SQL and sqlcmd
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676
Backing Up and Restoring Subscription Databases
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679
Validating Subscriptions for Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682
Log Shipping with Download-Only Articles
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687
Configuring Log Shipping on the Primary Server
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687
Configuring Log Shipping on the Secondary Server
. . . . . . . . . . . . 689
Adding the Secondary Server Information to the
Primary Server
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695
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■
CONTENTS
■
CHAPTER 17
Optimizing Snapshot Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697

Optimizing Performance
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697
Using the System Monitor
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 699
Using SQL Server Profiler
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 717
Management Data Warehouse
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 726
Configuring the Management Data Warehouse
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727
Creating Custom Data Collection Sets
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727
Viewing Reports and Query Statistics
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728
Generating a Custom SQL Trace Collection Set
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729
Best Practices for Snapshot Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 734
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736
■
CHAPTER 18
Optimizing Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737
Performance Considerations for the Transaction Log
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737
Using Tracer Tokens
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 740

Using the System Monitor
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746
Using SQL Trace
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751
Using the Database Engine Tuning Advisor
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 785
Best Practices for Transactional Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800
■
CHAPTER 19
Optimizing Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801
Using the System Monitor
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801
Using the SQL Server Profiler
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 804
Using the Management Data Warehouse
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823
Adjusting Publication Retention
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 827
Changing Merge Agent Parameters
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828
Snapshot Considerations
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 830
Best Practices for Merge Replication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 831

Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 834
Quick Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835
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