Bảo hiểm tiền gửi: Kinh nghiệm quốc tế và giải pháp cho Việt Nam

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' Nghien du Quic tisi 3 006)

B A o HrtM xrtiN GCT: KINHNGHIEM Q u 6 c Tt VA CIAI 
^ y / PHAP CHO VIET NAM

Ho Thanh Xuin, Nguyin Thi Liin Bteong, Kii„ Hii Yin 
T6m tat

ffo9t apng kinh doanh Hin te tiim At, h;J. ã ã

ô^" ei thiiim Z2h^^:s;':2

"*ã"--*-."ã*-hin^- mi rK»„ ,A\. -T, '^ "'"'" "" "> cua mil ngan

b-'-ChinhinhBaohiJmtiSnginViStNamtai-rhirt, h^
Hi NOi.

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Mil quan h j gifia ph,m vi bao hilm tiln gfti v» mfte d j c h i p 
nhan rui ro c i a ngto hing thuong m«i

^ Ho,t ddng ktoh doanh tiln t j tilm In nUlu nii ro, nhu nii ro np
xau mi ro .y gii, nii ro lai suit mi ro tiianh ttoto. CUnh vi vay, BHTG
1 Z - n ^ ' * "* * f ° " " ™ """ ''">"«"« ^ ti™- Tuy tthlan, cto 
d i BHTG bao ve quyen lpi cia ngudi gfti tiln v4 gdp phin duy tti In
dinh cua he ttiong ngto htog, ph,m vi bto U l m cd ttil 14m ttiay d l i hinh
VI chap n h ^ rti ro cua mgi ngto htog. Ph^mi vi BHTG duae hilu la mfte
dm h o , dpng va ttdng cd tti ntog ttianh .oto cto ngudi gfti tiln. M j .

o ngUen cuu ttto till gidi da lupng hda mdi h t o h j gift, ph,m v i b
Uem vo, htoh vi chip nhjn rii ro eia ngto htog c t o L y g t ^ C ^

'"rGvas^chipnhpnruirocaacacnganhingtrinthigJ "

TrSn till gidi d i e d nhilu cdng tttohngUto cftu v l mli quan hJ t

Z 't^Jl^'^° ' ' '^ * ^ P " i ^ ™ " c t cae ngto hto ttift ' 
hon 180 quoc g,a g,ai dop, 1988 - 1999 cia Barth vi cdng su r2006i
cho bietke ti> Ifhi R H T ^ A ' , ^ ^ •' l^^^o) jhi.

272 ^'"'^ 
09/2016

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''g'"^-ciu Quic tisi 3 (106)

(imftJt" '?"™ " ^ "^ ^""^^ - Kmi. v4 Enriea Dettagiaeto

nigBrGr'^rjT^''""^^'^**"^'-^^'

. ^ l ^ / n l ' ^ s S . t t S S ^ ; 7 , " ^ - ' f - f ' - o i n g

M . n f t e c U f r i B H T G q u i 4 u n h . t r p U ™ ' : ; : t ^ T
- o n g ^ S ^ t t o n S S r i j ^ B ^ ^ ^ r ^ ^ " ^
tao nto djng luc gito, rii ro d,o dft.^^*^'' P"" ^"^G *">8 b»ng khdng

- i^' r x r i^^Ar r^ ^^""-

^

-hi«m qui cao hoic qua ttIp cd hto ™ t ° '' ^ '°*'= "=" " " o 
- H m i n f t a . t o t t i f t r ^ t L ^ X ^ ^ ^ ' - ^ ^ e h l p n h j n n ,
n8«n htog chip nhjn inh hudn. h ^ h-'f^ ™ -"tic dj nli ro mi
Angkinand vi W i u l ^ S ^ ^ ^ ^ G u t i t ^ ' ^ " ^
muc eU fri BHTG qui fliio -'h h I T la qui hpp (hjm

^ p h i e d t t l l b i l ^ c t S b ? , T ! ™ ^ ' " ° "'"« -8 kl),

>^ hj tt,lng do p W ^ t ^ T ' th * °^'° " ^ ^ •*•• •=* khtog 
* • ngvdi gfti*tt&, " Z ^ ^^^khong dft Idn dl duy fri nikn, tin 
hing se ehu^uanlrong^^'^-;™ P - r ; " ^ " " f " ^ - " • " * - S ^

«« tiln chi qln S St"f ^ . f ° ^ '^•^ "•'• ™ "• -S"*

cte ngto htog d l H l ! 1 h T " " ' " ° - **'"« " " ^ tto, din uy tin

.I'or^ssr^;^'"*™™--"'"^^-

»://w»w.aicb.org.my/wp-eonlent/nplnads«JM-I38-20l2.pdf.

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pU v i fl,i. ihoitt, dac b i j . l i tti ngto htog ehua chic phi sto, cd ttti chi 
mat tt,anh ttoto tam Uidi.*

Nam id. ngUjn cftu cia Demirhue - Kunt, Karacaovali v i Laeven 
(2005) cd cing quan dilm vdi Angktoand v4 WiUborg (2010). Nhdm tie
gii Demirhue - Kunt, KaracaovaU v i Ueven (2005) nhjn dinh ring:
Hpn mic chi trd BHTG cao. ngvdi gii tiln c h i quan tiong vijc giim sit 
ngto htog, tun Ulu uy tin ngto htog hp gfti tiln, do dd vijc cirah ttanh
giva cie ngto htog ttdng edn binh ding. Ngvdi gfti tiln sS cU quan Mm
den lai sua,, i, quan tiun din uy ,m cfta ngto htog. Nlu ngto htog cd m l ,
tiianh ttofa^hay xiy ra d l va da cd BHTG eU tia vdi him muc cao cto
ngudi gfti ,ien. Hpn mic chi trd BHTG thip, nhftng ngto htog - A » l l ^ 
van ttiu hft, dupe nUlu ngudi gfti tiln. Tuy uUen, vdi nhftng n g u W r t T ^
tten VOI so lupng nhd, d nhftng vtog qua, to ttdng d l dtog ttm Ulu uy
tin, ttiong toi cfta ngto htog, h,n mftc eU tti BHTG ttiip se ttong d i dl
*ao vp so ddng ngttdi g i i tiln, ttd dim bto niim tin eia ngudi gfti tiln
doi vm ngto htog.' ' i

'^f ^^'•-I'cn nghi, di xui, chinh sach dil vdi cing,ic bao 
hiem ttin gulf Vif, Nam s -•• oao j

xaffnx) toi dung nong ttidn v i quj ,to dpng. Song "con l i e " d l v9 .to Jk
dpng frong ttoang ttidi gian niy da Itoi a n ra r l , nUlu H T ^ ,to dpng 1
n o n g t t i o n v a q u y t t n d v n g n d i f r a n , f l i i j , h , i h t o g n g U n , y d l n g , g i y ™ ^

iDji

* 1

w S L t S X m ^ ^ " " ^ ^ ' ' = ' " " ' ' ' ^ " - » ' ^ ™ " « ' « « 2 0 C A n g t i „ a n d , » <
Deniiiguo-KiintA,Karacaovali,B., and Laeven L. 120051 r>™,.-,i

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,1

Nghien du Quic tisi3 (106)

i ' l r h ^ f * " ""^^ " ' ' ™ "^^ " ^ '^ã' " ^ ' ' " ã ằô<= khing hotog 
M i t r t " ^ ' " ' ° " " ' " ^ " " ^ ' " ' • ^ • " ' * ' ^ « ° 8 ktoh tl, cUnh fri
xa-npi cua mp. so nude frong ttu vuc ASEAN Viat Nam li ™fl, ^ ~ 
j o u d c euu tohhutognhe Cia eude ttinghlgTlnZLTi:
cic yeu ,1 frto ttiln doanh ngUjp frong nude eU da, U j f 1 k ^
doanh flilp, khi ntog ai chinh visu canh tt^nhoi- ° ; ' " ' " 1"a kmh
ngin htog ang c a o . L r o c i a t t t o h t g ' : ^ ^ ^ : : ' ' - ' ^ ' ^ ' ' ^ ' ^ ^ ^
chinh ngto htos Ma, kbn. hv, .T^^^ keo flieo sau la nil ro eia

Luiuu, uong km do du am vl sv do va htoir loat HTY « j
ttudc day vln cdn "im 3„h» ^ j . " " " nang lo,, HTX tin dpng

c t ^ s t y ^ o X f N ™ " - "^^ ' " ^ '^ '^ '" ^^ ^'^ «=" khai

diu l i t ^ T ° ^ ' ' ' ' ' " • '"^ ' ^ -^P- ^ô " ^ " ã - chi tii ban

» eh, tta BHTG ttong dn sft dpng din ngto sich nhi nude vi da gdn
Ptanganngm, toh hutog lan ttvyin, dto, bto an stoh XI hji. S a u ^ t '
chi fri. 32% .ong sl tiln fliu hii dupe sau ttianh 1«.' BHTG V ^ Na^

2 ' 8 < . y « n M ( m h M n g , M S ' J o y / f c i p , * « W t i n

Ky y^u 15 nim BHTG Vi^ Nam.

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thmrng xuyen kiem fra. giim s i , eic ,1 chftc tin dpng, dva ra cinh bto
scmi, ngan ngta htoh vi chip nhto nii ro d mftc eao. Mjc diu vjy, han
muc eU tta BHTG 50 ttiju/ngudi duy fri to ntoi 2005 din nay dupe dtoh
gia ttiap, kha ntog bio v j toi da ngudi g i i tiln bj ban ehl.

nri,- ^T- Zf" * ^ " ^ ^ *•* *^°« ^HTG Vie, Nam va tilp ttiu ktoh 
ngUt™ fren till gidi qua rfiung cdng titoh ngUto cftu neu ttto, md, s6 giii
phap de hoto ttuen hj flidng tiln gfti Vij, Nam d n dupe lm, ^ nhu sau:
BHTC^i "f'' •'•ti''"">"^''g''^""-ic chi trd BHTG. Hpn mftc cU ti^ 
T t u t7: " ° ' " ^ ^P * " • P"^ ^W ™ " - " kijn ktoh ,1 xa 
to. va tofli Unh ho„ djng eia hj tiling ngto htog frong tang flidi 1^

dau ngum. Hipn nay, han mftc eU tia BHTG 6 Via, Nam ttdn. th, J ^

* tiidi dil^ U ~ eto ttol^^ '^'^ "^oi^™ "^^ *-^<= xie dinh

nhu q t ^ vl PU nma' f'^'^' "• ^= ^^"'° "^"""- k"*^ »<

09/2016

IWrii

lil J/
titiei

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"ghien ciu Quic a si 3 (106)

Hijn nay, BHTG Vie, Nam dang ip dmig mfte nh," ^A ,.
nhien, dl phi, huy .1, vai frd cia B O T G ™ . 1 , t *' '^^ 
*P ™ n, eia mSi tl chftc flumi gia Bffl-G T O T G ? ^ " " *"""'*=
ipdpngttnhpUflieomicddr^ro E ! ! . ' ' ™ " ^ ' ' " "^
hi^ dtoh gii ttivc h,ng ciamdi n r t o X L ^ r " ' ^ ^ - ? ' « n
- dtoh gii n , ro dli Vdi cac'tl . t ^ ^ Z ^ Z ' T ' l 
khich quan, cdng bing v4 cUnh xac lim ca ^ i ^ t^ ™ ' "^^ 
c n n g n h u m f t c p U i p d . g e t o t a n g ; i r h ; r a : ; T B S " f ' " ' ^

f-^^t;;^i:S:^^:^'^-^ *

-chdn hTa. kit qi a t r ^": "^ ' "'"'= ôãằ pa BHTG dn dvpe

^hji-iihi^rdlZctBHT^'l^^f:*^'"-"-^^-^^

<f n, j . sl ngu jp w c l / C M " BHTC ,h T "^ ^ ^''' " ™ 
ciin dupe ttiln khai dln„ h^ „" ° " ° " ^ » ^ t"*" ™ ™
^ e p w q u a n t n " I ^ - ^ r ^ ^ ^ - ^ - ^ f ghicciuiihai
•^n ttiln ttai. ° ' ° °'""= ^HTG Ueu qui dn dupe quan am,

Nguyen tie ch. t.i bi„ hilm tiln gfti hij„ , „ s „ « , , , ,,^ ^^.

•^irHVM tic chi tra bio hiim tiin gui

BHTG gap su TJ^- '^"'^°i.^"»'« '""°S hpp ed to chftc ttiam gia

vi Chinh l X t d ™ h ' " '™* *"' **" -'^ " ^ * 4

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Ngto htog ngUto cftu v4 in hinh. Ngoii ra, d l dinh gia muc dp toto
ttii cae nguyan tie co bto, lADI cfing cdng b l Tai lieu hudng ddn 
Phuong phip dinh gia mic dp man ,hu cac nguyin Oc cabin phat triin 
hi (hong bio hiim tiin gii hiiu qui vio ttitog 12/2010. Cao nguyen tac 
CO bto v4 phuong phip danh gii ttito ttii dupe xem 14 cdng cv huu ich
dli vdi cic quic gia ttong qua tttoh friln ttai, dinh gia M hojc chi
dpng ei. cich h j ttiing BHTG. Tsii Viet Nam, day eung l i mjt frong
nhung a . hju duae BHTG Vijt Nam ngUto cftu, ttiam ttto kU xay
dpng eUen lupc phat triln.

Bin nay, do nhftng fliay dli ttong ttivc tiln va nhvng bii hoc ktoh I
ngUjm ti-ong ttidi k^ tttog hotog (2007-2009), a i liju ttiamH^H
nguyen Oc ca ban phdt triin hp thing bdo hiim tiin gui hip^ud^^ 
dupe nghito cftu v4 ban hinh bto sfta d l i vto ttitog 11/2014 Gin diy '
nhat. Cam nang ddnh gii muc dp mdn thu cdc nguyin tic ca bdn phit 
trtenhp thong bdo hiim tiin gfti hiiu qua cflng dupe hoto ttiinh v4 cdng J 
bo v4o tiling 3/2016. So vdi pUto b t o cfl, nguyto tic hoto fri cto ngutt *!
r ?Anr T h ° ' " ™ *""= "•=" ""P * ™ •=*•= ' » ' * ' g ^ ^ ^ thijn -* 
cualADI vdi nUeu nji dmig sfta dli ttieo hudng chft che to v i ttog •
cudng quyen h,n cto t l chftc BHTG. Trong pUto bto mdi niy ttuyln *
n ^ hen quan tdi hoto fri cto ngudi gfti tiln nim d nguyto i c s l 15. *
gm dupe hao hiem cho ngudi gii liin mil each nhanh chdngnhUm ddng «l*

TuZTh f""^'"'"'- ^^'•"">'^"^^'r'-hchi,Lhon^^ :

gvi tten thupc dot tupng bio hiim mpt each ro rdng vi minh bpch " , 
B j tito chuin mdi ctog c U r o 10 tieu chuin CO bto cua nguyto d c >*
nay vdi 03 ttitoh ,1 e l , 181 gim: Thu nhit: "Tl chftc BHTG ed tti nK^ 
h o t o t t i cto h l u h l , n g u d i g « tiln dupe btohilm ti.ngTd!g „ X " , t ^ •

^ ^ N a u Ujn „ i ,1 chftc BHTG cbua flil ttipe Ujn mp! tiau'niy ! f , ^ " '
BHTG can cd md, ke hoach a i ch5 dtog tin cjy dl .hpc Ujn mpc tito
278

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Nghien ciu Quic tisi 3 (106)

hmng to." Cd till fliiy, nguyen tic co bto cfl cung yto d u "He ttidng
bao Uam Hen gfti d n cto phep ngvdi gfti tiln tilp cto ngay lip tac a i

^rT^-^"" * "'" '^y ° " ^ *'=° "^'^ '=1"^ '^ tl ehfte

BHTG cU can flidng bto cu flie dto ngvdi gfti tiln dupe bto Ulm cae
to kijn vi ttung flidi gian cU tta, frong tti dd, nguyto tic mdi
tayenng^ cp tt,e ttidi gian cU tta 14 ttong vdng 7 ng4y I4m vice. Vijc
thvc h i ^ a e o tteu chuan mdi giip cie tt chftc BHTG fliuc U t o ' . l . hon

^PP^v^cicca quan hto q u a n v i . ! chftc qutoly .mdc tti fliveSncU

c Z v l ^ ^ Z ' ' ? * ^ " "^" ^ ' ' P " » ' « 8 « ti^ nhanh chdng tilp
2 vdi tien gm dvpc bto hilm cia hp. Tteo dd, .1 chftc BHTG ed
tag cU vao ttidi diem ttude kU .1 chftc fliam gia BHTG bi ddng cfta

2 fttof ,- ' - ^ r ' ^ ' ' " ' " * =" " " - 8*™ ^*0 vl d j toi ciy eia 
^ c ^ B H T G I • * * : - « . = - * ^ P •=- bto cio flieo yto ciu cia
c h p 7 ^ Z r ™ **' " * " " " " ^ ^ '^^ ™ W ^ n dupe lva 
cl^n & dTO cae phvong flive ehi fri nhim dto, bto vije cU tta dvpc
thftcUpnUjuquanhilvigiSmflulucUpUeUfri

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«»)^" nghi, dixuit vdi Uo hiim tiin gii Vif, Nam

^ R ™ " f. " ^ ""^^ * "^^ ' ^ thdng le quie tl dli vdi edng tic eU 
S „ T 1 ' r "^*'* * ' ^ *^' *^8 kl. T,i Vijt Nam, Luit BHTG

(2012) quy dpto frong flidi han 60 ngiy, kl ta flidi dilm phit sinh nghIa
W tta tien bao Ujm. .1 chftc BHTG ed ttich nUjm tti tiln bto Ulm cto
n T ° L r h™' ' ° " ' " ^ ' ' "'^ * « I"" "ay cdn tti xa so vdi ttuyln 
nghi ti^ng bp nguyto Be co bto mdi, toy nUdn, BHTG Via. Nam cung
c ^ nghien cmi v4 hoto fliijn hon nfta quy titoh ehi fri BHTG nhim dim
bio ttive Upn mpc tieu ho„ djng Uju qui vi hvdng .di ho,, dpng ttieo

ac CU L T ? 1 ^ ' * ° ^ " " ' ' '^ «°P P - - *ãô 8 hi u qua cdng

2 t u ^ ' " ° ""'*''™- ' ^ ° * " « ' ^^ 8^- phip cin d^pc lm, I

"hetlTli °^'? °''^''™^'^™«P'^«-'^-"''*-hinhliA

dftng quy tt^l'^^B^rtiieomd^tob'r.^'*' ^ ™ "^ * ' "^^
Phumig to eU tta B H T G ^ T • * " '^^'' " " ' "^ <=••* ^^-S 
cie b i t Phip S f s I L : r t S ^ r o T ^ " " " ° ^ ' ^ ' ' =^
ti-ong eu tti BHTG. Hon n f t f , I o L ^ . ^ i ^ . ^ ^ I i ^ ^ ^ ' V - r N " '
cung dupe ttao ttiim quyln yto d u .1 ehfte ttiri^m^ ' " ?
ttidng tin hto auandi,,,-i_ •-* , , ™ ^.a BHTG cung cip cic

BHTGViarN~n:f", 'h- "^"-^fã'="^'^''-"^'"8*=

BHTG ' "ô"'8"'"ằ'^cTCrDphvcwedng.iccUtti

BHTG''vi^tiytvfgtZ''"'"T^""ô"^^^''''-^*

-ogu..to;to:s::S^s:c^:^^-280

09/2016

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Nghien du QuoctisiS (106)

« . Bto cpih dd, tog thing ctog nghj eung gdp phin giim tfidi gian xft ly
du h ^ h d so ngufti gfti tien ta dd giip ang tinh kjp tildi cia edng ac cU
tra tin TG.

" n. h-.'*'^*'''''?^r'*"™'''y''™8'l''3"tW'chi tti ttieo md Unh eU
S n T ^ ' ^ h " ' *** ' " ' ^ " ° ' "^^^ "^ ^ " 1 " ^ gia fliue 
M ^ ton bao tinh ehi djng tti xay dvng phvong to cU « cung
t . T ^ r h T ' " ' h ' ° ' ^ ' " ' ^ ' " ^ ^ " ° - ^ ° 8 . h m cflng dnxiy
*nig ^e kieh bto eU tti de dtoi bto cto bp eU tti ttuyln .ii L g cac
tiong diepvi ehi djngtti phit stoh cic tinh hulng nhay cto,/

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TAIUfV THAM Kudo

I.http://&enlty.haas.berkeley.edu/ross_levtoe/Papers/Bank_Regulation_
and_Supervision_Aronnd_aie_World_15JAN2013.pdf

2.™TFR/Resources/475459-I108066643741/asli_enrica.pdf

3.hnps://www.aicb.org.my/wp-content/uploads/BIM-138-2012.pdf
4.ht5,://www.cgu.edu/PDFFiles/SPEAVUleM/Papers/CH%20l3%20%20

(Angktoand,%20WiUborg,%20WiUett).pdf

5. Demirguc-Kmi.,A., Karaeaovali,B., and Laeven, L., (2O05)Meposit 
Insurance around The World: A Comprehensive Database, World 
Bank Pohey Research Worktog, Paper,3628.

^•^^y^Jf^Oiing.(2m),Mptsi^diphapphdngngiar,iirodii

vm hplhong quy an dpng nhdn dan,Ut^ to tiln sl ktoh tk, Dai hpc 
'tmh te Quoc dSn

7. K^ ygu 15 nam BHTGVN

" ^ 6 r S ; : ? ^ r ^ ' ' - ^ ' ^ - - - ' ' - - - o i - u o e - d ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
9. Luj. Bto Ulm tien gfti (2012)

comp/ra„cearjarime«, (12/2010), lADL

12, ffifP hj,-^bto hilm tiln gfti quie tk '(lADT),Core Principles for ' 
EffeCive Deposit Insurance Systems, (11/2014), lADI ^ 
13. Hijp hpi bio hilm tiln gfti quie .1 (lADr),A Hanbook for the

^sessmen, of compliance ^.h the core principles for\ffc,Z 
deposit insurance systems, (3/2016), lADL cj,ective

^

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Bảo hiểm tiền gửi: Kinh nghiệm quốc tế và giải pháp cho Việt Nam

<i>ô^" ei thiiim Z2h^^:s;':2 </i>

<b>nigBrGr'^rjT^''""^^'^**"^'-^^' </b>

<b>- i^' r x r i^^Ar r^ ^^""-</b>

<b>^ </b>

^ p h i e d t t l l b i l ^ c t S b ? , T ! ™ ^ ' " ° "'"« -8 kl),

<i>«« tiln chi qln S St"f ^ . f ° ^ '^•^ "•'• ™ "• -S"* </i>

<b>.I'or^ssr^;^'"*™™--"'"^^-</b>

<b>,1 </b>

<i>nhu q t ^ vl PU nma' f'^'^' "• ^= ^^"'° "^"""- k"*^ »< </i>

<b>f-^^t;;^i:S:^^:^'^-^ * </b>